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Information on EC 6.3.2.B4 - polyglycylase
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC6.3.2.B4
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preliminary BRENDA-supplied EC number
EC Tree 6 Ligases
6.3 Forming carbon-nitrogen bonds
6.3.2 Acid—amino-acid ligases (peptide synthases)
6.3.2.B4 polyglycylase
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
- 6.3.2.B4
- tubulins
-
glycylation
-
6.3.2.3
-
ligase-like
- nucleosome
-
phosphoribosylamine
-
polyglycylation
- microtubules
-
polyglycine
-
glutamylation
-
cyst
-
cilia
- ligases
-
axonemal
showSynonyms
ttll10, polyglycylase, glycine ligase, gttll3, more
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
giardial TTLL3 protein
gTTLL3
TTLL10
additional information
-
polyglycylase belongs to family of tubulin tyrosine ligase-like, TTLL, proteins
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
ATP + alpha-tubulin + glycine = glycyl-alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate
-
-
-
-
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
alpha-tubulin:glycine ligase
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ATP + nucleosome assembly protein 1 + glycine
glycylated nucleosome assembly protein 1 + ADP + phosphate
-
Substrates: i.e. NAP1, glycylation at Glu residues at 359 and 360
Products: -
Products: -
?
n ATP + alpha-tubulin + n glycine
glycyl-alpha-tubulin + n ADP + n phosphate
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the enzyme is active in cells only when expressed together with TTLL3 or TTLL8
Products: -
Products: -
-
ATP + 14-3-3 protein + glycine
glycyl-14-3-3 protein + ADP + phosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
ATP + 14-3-3 protein + glycine
glycyl-14-3-3 protein + ADP + phosphate
-
Substrates: no activity with 14-3-3 proteinmutant E246A
Products: -
Products: -
?
ATP + 14-3-3 protein + glycine
glycyl-14-3-3 protein + ADP + phosphate
Giardia duodenalis WBC6
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
ATP + 14-3-3 protein + glycine
glycyl-14-3-3 protein + ADP + phosphate
Giardia duodenalis WBC6
-
Substrates: no activity with 14-3-3 proteinmutant E246A
Products: -
Products: -
?
ATP + alpha-tubulin + glycine
glycyl-alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
ATP + alpha-tubulin + glycine
glycyl-alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate
Giardia duodenalis WBC6
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
ATP + alpha-tubulin + glycine
glycyl-alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ATP + nucleosome assembly protein 1 + glycine
glycylated nucleosome assembly protein 1 + ADP + phosphate
-
Substrates: i.e. NAP1, glycylation at Glu residues at 359 and 360
Products: -
Products: -
?
n ATP + alpha-tubulin + n glycine
glycyl-alpha-tubulin + n ADP + n phosphate
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
ATP + 14-3-3 protein + glycine
glycyl-14-3-3 protein + ADP + phosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
ATP + 14-3-3 protein + glycine
glycyl-14-3-3 protein + ADP + phosphate
Giardia duodenalis WBC6
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
ATP + alpha-tubulin + glycine
glycyl-alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
ATP + alpha-tubulin + glycine
glycyl-alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate
Giardia duodenalis WBC6
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
ATP + alpha-tubulin + glycine
glycyl-alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Mg2+
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
N-acetyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-alanyl-N-[[(2-carboxyethyl)(hydroxy)phosphoryl]methyl]-L-glutaminyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-N-ethyl-L-alpha-glutamine
-
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IC50 VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.2
3-[[(acetylamino)methyl](hydroxy)phosphoryl]propanoic acid
Homo sapiens
IC50 above 0.2 mM, at pH and 25°C
-
0.002 - 4
N-acetyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-alanyl-N-[[(2-carboxyethyl)(hydroxy)phosphoryl]methyl]-L-glutaminyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-N-ethyl-L-alpha-glutamine
0.002 - 4
N-acetyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-alanyl-N-[[(2-carboxyethyl)(hydroxy)phosphoryl]methyl]-L-glutaminyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-N-ethyl-L-alpha-glutamine
Homo sapiens
after 6 h incubation, at 25°C, pH not specified in the publication
0.004
N-acetyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-alanyl-N-[[(2-carboxyethyl)(hydroxy)phosphoryl]methyl]-L-glutaminyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-N-ethyl-L-alpha-glutamine
Homo sapiens
after 4 h incubation, at 25°C, pH not specified in the publication
0.041
N-acetyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-alanyl-N-[[(2-carboxyethyl)(hydroxy)phosphoryl]methyl]-L-glutaminyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-N-ethyl-L-alpha-glutamine
Homo sapiens
after 30 min incubation, at 25°C, pH not specified in the publication
0.1
N-acetyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-alanyl-N-[[(2-carboxyethyl)(hydroxy)phosphoryl]methyl]-L-glutaminyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-N-ethyl-L-alpha-glutamine
Homo sapiens
after 4 h incubation, at 4°C, pH not specified in the publication
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
Highest Expressing Human Cell Lines
Cell Line LinksPlease wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
evolution
physiological function
additional information
physiological function
-
Giardial gTTLL3 is responsible for the 14-3-3 protein and tubulin polyglycylation in vivo
physiological function
tubulin polyglycylation is essential for proper sperm motility
physiological function
Giardia duodenalis WBC6
-
Giardial gTTLL3 is responsible for the 14-3-3 protein and tubulin polyglycylation in vivo
-
additional information
-
production of FLAG-gTTLL3 protein in trophozoites does not affect the deglycylation of 14-3-3 protein during encystation, 14-3-3 protein localization, or the encystation timing. The E246A mutant of 14-3-3 protein, which cannot be glycylated, localizes to the nuclei already at the trophozoite stage, resulting in a faster differentiation of trophozoites into cysts
additional information
Giardia duodenalis WBC6
-
production of FLAG-gTTLL3 protein in trophozoites does not affect the deglycylation of 14-3-3 protein during encystation, 14-3-3 protein localization, or the encystation timing. The E246A mutant of 14-3-3 protein, which cannot be glycylated, localizes to the nuclei already at the trophozoite stage, resulting in a faster differentiation of trophozoites into cysts
-
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UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
recombinant GST-tagged TTLL10 from Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells, co-expression of EGFP-tagged TTLL10 with FLAG-tagged NAP1 in HEK-293 cells
-
recombinant N-terminally FLAG-tagged enzyme from Gardia duodenalis trophozoites by FLAG affinity chromatography
-
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expression of GST-tagged TTLL10 in Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells, co-expression of EGFP-tagged TTLL10 with FLAG-tagged NAP1 in HEK-293 cells
-
gene gtll3, phylogenetic analysis, RNA reverse transcription and real-time quantitative PCR expression analysis, expression of the N-terminally FLAG-tagged enzyme, under the constitutive promoter of the Gardia duodenalis alpha-tubulin gene, in Gardia duodenalis transgenic trophozoites, subcloning in Escherichia coli
-
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Ikegami, K.; Horigome, D.; Mukai, M.; Livnat, I.; MacGregor, G.R.; Setou, M.
TTLL10 is a protein polyglycylase that can modify nucleosome assembly protein 1
FEBS Lett.
582
1129-1134
2008
Mus musculus
brenda
Lalle, M.; Camerini, S.; Cecchetti, S.; Fantauzzi, C.; Crescenzi, M.; Pozio, E.
Giardia duodenalis 14-3-3 protein is polyglycylated by a tubulin tyrosine ligase-like member and deglycylated by two metallocarboxypeptidases
J. Biol. Chem.
286
4471-4484
2011
Giardia duodenalis, Giardia duodenalis WBC6
brenda
Zhuang, Z.; Cummings, S.W.; Roll-Mecak, A.; Tanner, M.E.
Phosphinic acid-based inhibitors of tubulin polyglycylation
Chem. Commun. (Camb.)
58
6530-6533
2022
Homo sapiens (Q6ZVT0)
brenda
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