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EC Tree
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
+
=
[protein]-N-formyl-L-kynurenine
Synonyms
peptidyltryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, pyrrolooxygenase, tryptophan pyrrolooxygenase, tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase,
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peptidyltryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase
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tryptophan pyrrolooxygenase
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tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase
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[protein]-L-tryptophan + O2 = [protein]-N-formyl-L-kynurenine
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[protein]-L-tryptophan:oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing)
Also acts on tryptophan.
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D-tryptophan + O2
formylkynurenine
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-
-
-
?
DL-5-fluorotryptophan + O2
5-fluoroformylkynurenine
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-
-
-
?
DL-5-methyltryptophan + O2
5-methyl-N-formylkynurenine
-
-
-
-
?
DL-6-fluorotryptophan + O2
4-fluoro-N-formylkynurenine
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-
-
-
?
DL-6-methyltryptophan + O2
4-methyl-N-formylkynurenine
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-
-
-
?
DL-7-methyltryptophan + O2
3-methyl-N-formylkynurenine
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-
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?
DL-tryptophan + O2
formylkynurenine
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?
DL-tryptophan methyl ester + O2
formylkynurenine methyl ester
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?
ethyl N-acetyl-L-tryptophan + O2
ethyl 2-acetamido-3-2'-formimidobenzoyl propionate
L-5-hydroxytryptophan + O2
5-hydroxy-N-formylkynurenine
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very poor substrate activity with molecular form A
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?
L-tryptophan + O2
2-oxotryptophan
L-tryptophan + O2
formylkynurenine
L-tryptophan methyl ester + O2
N-formylkynurenine methyl ester
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?
N-acetyl-5-methyltryptophan + O2
5-methyl-Nalpha-acetyl-Nomega-formylkynurenine
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?
N-acetyl-DL-tryptophan + O2
N-acetylformylkynurenine
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?
N-acetyltryptophan + O2
Nalpha-acetyl-Nomega-formylkynurenine
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?
tryptophan + O2
L-kynurenine
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?
ethyl N-acetyl-L-tryptophan + O2
ethyl 2-acetamido-3-2'-formimidobenzoyl propionate
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?
ethyl N-acetyl-L-tryptophan + O2
ethyl 2-acetamido-3-2'-formimidobenzoyl propionate
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?
L-tryptophan + O2
2-oxotryptophan
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?
L-tryptophan + O2
2-oxotryptophan
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?
L-tryptophan + O2
formylkynurenine
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?
L-tryptophan + O2
formylkynurenine
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?
L-tryptophan + O2
formylkynurenine
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?
L-tryptophan + O2
formylkynurenine
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?
L-tryptophan + O2
formylkynurenine
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-
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-
?
L-tryptophan + O2
formylkynurenine
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enzyme extract of whole flour
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-
?
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L-tryptophan + O2
formylkynurenine
L-tryptophan + O2
formylkynurenine
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?
L-tryptophan + O2
formylkynurenine
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?
L-tryptophan + O2
formylkynurenine
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enzyme extract of whole flour
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?
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Ca2+
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at 10 mM strong inhibition
Cd2+
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at 10 mM strong inhibition
Cu2+
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at 10 mM strong inhibition
Sr2+
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at 10 mM strong inhibition
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alpha,alpha'-dipyridyl
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desipramine
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antidepressant, exogenous melatonin counteracts the inhibitory effect
dithioerythritol
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2 mM, total activity loss
fluoxetine
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antidepressant, exogenous melatonin counteracts the inhibitory effect
p-chloromercuribenzoate
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p-hydroxymercurisulfonate
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10 mM, activity loss of 60%
Soybean trypsin inhibitor
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-
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2-mercaptoethanol
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2 mM, total activity loss
dithiothreitol
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2 mM, total activity loss
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Anemia, Hemolytic
[Activity of key enzymes of heme metabolism and cytochrome P-450 content in the rat liver in experimental rhabdomyolysis and hemolytic anemia]
Breast Neoplasms
A Role for Tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase in CD8 T-cell Suppression and Evidence of Tryptophan Catabolism in Breast Cancer Patient Plasma.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
Novel conjugates with dual suppression of glutathione S-transferases and tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase activities for improving hepatocellular carcinoma therapy.
Encephalitis
Acyclovir inhibits rat liver tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase and induces a concomitant rise in brain serotonin and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid levels.
Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex
Acyclovir inhibits rat liver tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase and induces a concomitant rise in brain serotonin and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid levels.
Glioblastoma
Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1? Inhibits the Expression of Immunosuppressive Tryptophan-2,3-Dioxygenase in Glioblastoma.
Glioblastoma
Kynurenine Signaling Increases DNA Polymerase Kappa Expression and Promotes Genomic Instability in Glioblastoma Cells.
Glioma
Constitutive Expression of the Immunosuppressive Tryptophan Dioxygenase TDO2 in Glioblastoma Is Driven by the Transcription Factor C/EBP?.
Glioma
Shaping the glioma immune microenvironment through tryptophan metabolism.
Glioma
Suppression of TDO-mediated tryptophan catabolism in glioblastoma cells by a steroid-responsive FKBP52-dependent pathway.
Glioma
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor in tumor immunity.
Glioma
Tryptophan catabolism in cancer: beyond IDO and tryptophan depletion.
Glioma
Tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase is regulated by prostaglandin E2 in malignant glioma via a positive signaling loop involving prostaglandin E receptor-4.
Hepatitis
The autoimmune response elicited by mouse hepatitis virus (MHV-A59) infection is modulated by liver tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO).
Infections
The autoimmune response elicited by mouse hepatitis virus (MHV-A59) infection is modulated by liver tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO).
Multiple Sclerosis
Tryptophan-2,3-Dioxygenase (TDO) deficiency is associated with subclinical neuroprotection in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis.
Neoplasms
An endogenous tumour-promoting ligand of the human aryl hydrocarbon receptor.
Neoplasms
Constitutive Expression of the Immunosuppressive Tryptophan Dioxygenase TDO2 in Glioblastoma Is Driven by the Transcription Factor C/EBP?.
Neoplasms
Induction of tryptophan hydroxylase in the liver of s.c. tumor model of prostate cancer.
Neoplasms
Microtubule inhibitors containing immunostimulatory agents promote cancer immunochemotherapy by inhibiting tubulin polymerization and tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase.
Neoplasms
Multifunctional platinum(IV) complexes as immunostimulatory agents to promote cancer immunochemotherapy by inhibiting tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase.
Neoplasms
Novel conjugates with dual suppression of glutathione S-transferases and tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase activities for improving hepatocellular carcinoma therapy.
Neoplasms
Suppression of TDO-mediated tryptophan catabolism in glioblastoma cells by a steroid-responsive FKBP52-dependent pathway.
Neoplasms
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor in tumor immunity.
Neoplasms
Tryptophan catabolism in cancer: beyond IDO and tryptophan depletion.
Neoplasms
Tryptophan metabolism as a common therapeutic target in cancer, neurodegeneration and beyond.
Neoplasms
Upregulation of tryptophanyl-tRNA synthethase adapts human cancer cells to nutritional stress caused by tryptophan degradation.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Tryptophan metabolism as a common therapeutic target in cancer, neurodegeneration and beyond.
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms
Reversal of Triple-negative Breast Cancer EMT by miR-200c Decreases Tryptophan Catabolism and a Program of Immune-Suppression.
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0.2
N-acetyltryptophan
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additional information
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additional information
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additional information
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additional information
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highest in the radicle
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8
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sodium sulfate buffer
8 - 8.5
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Tris-HCl buffer
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22
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form C with chymotrypsin as substrate
37 - 45
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form A, tryptophan or gamma-chymotrypsin as substrates
37
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enzyme assay
37
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form B, form C with tryptophan as substrate
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field-grown
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brenda
Willd.
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brenda
Wistar, male
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brenda
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brenda
different varieties of argentine wheat
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brenda
var Klein Rendidor
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brenda
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brenda
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brenda
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brenda
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brenda
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embryo, radicle, coleoptile
brenda
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young, senescent
brenda
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young, senescent
brenda
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25000
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molecular form A, SDS-PAGE
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60
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70% activity loss after 20 min preincubation
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0-4°C, stable for more than a year, less stable at -15°C
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0-4°C, stable for six months
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4°C, forms A and C stable for at least two weeks, form B activity loss after three days
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three molecular forms: A,B,C
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two forms in the radicle
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Camoretti-Mercado, B.; Frydman, R.B.
Separation of tryptophan pyrrolooxygenase into three molecular forms. A study of their substrate specificities using tryptophyl-containing peptides and proteins
Eur. J. Biochem.
156
317-325
1986
Triticum aestivum
brenda
Sburlati, A.R.; Frydman, R.B.
Changes in the activities of pyrrolooxygenases during the germination of wheat grains
Plant Physiol.
71
822-827
1983
Triticum aestivum
brenda
Frydman, R.B.; Tomaro, M.L.; Frydman, B.
Pyrrolooxygenases from pepper and poinsettia leaves
Phytochemistry
18
1119-1123
1979
Capsicum annuum, Euphorbia pulcherrima
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brenda
Mendy, D.F.; Tomaro, M.L.; Frydman, R.B.
Pyrrolooxygenases from argentine wheat varieties
Phytochemistry
18
1427-1431
1979
Triticum aestivum
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brenda
Frydman, B.; Frydman, R.B.; Tomaro, M.L.
Pyrrolooxygenases: a new type of oxygenases
Mol. Cell. Biochem.
2
121-135
1973
Triticum aestivum
brenda
Frydman, R.B.; Tomaro, M.L.; Frydman, B.
Pyrrolooxygenases: isolation, properties, and products formed
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
284
63-79
1972
Triticum aestivum
brenda
Frydman, R.B.; Tomaro, M.L.; Frydman, B.
Pyrrolooxygenase: its action on tryptophan-containing enzymes and peptides
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
284
80-89
1972
Triticum aestivum
brenda
Frydman, R.B.; Tomaro, M.L.; Frydman, B.
Pyrrolooxygenase: a new type of target enzyme
FEBS Lett.
15
305-308
1971
Triticum aestivum
brenda
Walsh, H.A.; Daya, S.
Influence of the antidepressants desipramine and fluoxetine on tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase in the presence of exogenous melatonin
Life Sci.
62
2417-2423
1998
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
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1.13.11.26 peptide-tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase
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