Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
additional information | the enzyme expression is incuced by diverse factors, including pathogenic attack, tissue wounding and UV irradiation, and low temperature | Triticum aestivum |
Application | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
medicine | PAL activity is able to effect a reduction in phenylalanine levels and hence provide the basis of a unique therapy for human hyperphenylalaninemic patients | Triticum aestivum |
Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
additional information | - |
wheat seedlings contain isozymes of 74 kDa, 83 kDa, and 103 kDa molecular weight | Triticum aestivum |
74000 | - |
- |
Triticum aestivum |
83000 | - |
- |
Triticum aestivum |
103000 | - |
- |
Triticum aestivum |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L-phenylalanine | Triticum aestivum | PAL is a key enzyme in plant stress responses | (E)-cinnamate + NH3 | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Triticum aestivum | Q43210 | avr. red spring | - |
Posttranslational Modification | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
glycoprotein | PAL exhibits three potential sites for N-linked glycosylation | Triticum aestivum |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
endosperm | from seddlings, 74 kDa isozyme | Triticum aestivum | - |
leaf | from seedlings, three isozymes of 74 kDa, 83 kDa, and 103 kDa molecular weight | Triticum aestivum | - |
root | from seedlings, 74 kDa isozyme | Triticum aestivum | - |
seedling | 7-days-old | Triticum aestivum | - |
Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
additional information | - |
tissue specific enzyme activity per g fresh weight, overview | Triticum aestivum |
Storage Stability | Organism |
---|---|
effects of freezing temperature on PAL activity of freeze-dried tissues, overview, -18°C results in the best retention of PAL activity | Triticum aestivum |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L-phenylalanine | - |
Triticum aestivum | (E)-cinnamate + NH3 | - |
? | |
L-phenylalanine | PAL is a key enzyme in plant stress responses | Triticum aestivum | (E)-cinnamate + NH3 | - |
? |
Subunits | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
tetramer | wheat seedlings contain isozymes of 74 kDa, 83 kDa, and 103 kDa molecular weight | Triticum aestivum |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
PAL | - |
Triticum aestivum |
Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
37 | - |
assay at | Triticum aestivum |
pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
8.8 | - |
assay at | Triticum aestivum |
Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
3,5-dihydro-5-methylidene-4H-imidazol-4-one | prosthetic group | Triticum aestivum |