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Enzyme Nomenclature
Information on EC 2.4.1.279 - nigerose phosphorylase and Organism(s) Lachnoclostridium phytofermentans and UniProt Accession A9KT32
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2.4.1.279 nigerose phosphorylaseIUBMB Comments
The enzymes from Clostridium phytofermentans is specific for nigerose, and shows only 0.5% relative activity with kojibiose (cf. EC 2.4.1.230, kojibiose phosphorylase).
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The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Lachnoclostridium phytofermentans
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
topSYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose + phosphate = D-glucose + beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate
sequential bi-bi mechanism
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose:phosphate beta-D-glucosyltransferase
The enzymes from Clostridium phytofermentans is specific for nigerose, and shows only 0.5% relative activity with kojibiose (cf. EC 2.4.1.230, kojibiose phosphorylase).
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
2-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose + phosphate
D-glucose + beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate
very weak phosphorolysis reaction with kojibiose, 0.5% of the activity with nigerose
-
-
r
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose + phosphate
D-glucose + beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate
beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate + 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol + phosphate
reverse phosphorolysis reaction 15% of the activity with 3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose
-
-
?
beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-galactose
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-galactopyranose + phosphate
reverse phosphorolysis reaction 8.5% of the activity with 3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose, no significant preference for specific anomer of the acceptor
-
-
?
beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-glucose
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose + phosphate
reverse phosphorolysis reaction, no significant preference for specific anomer of the acceptor
-
-
r
beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-xylose
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-xylopyranose + 2-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-xylopyranose + phosphate
reverse phosphorolysis reaction 17% of the activity with 3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose
products are formed in the ratio 63:37%
-
?
beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate + methyl alpha-D-glucoside
methyl-3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + methyl-2-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + phosphate
reverse phosphorolysis reaction 17% of the activity with 3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose
products are formed in the ratio 71:29%
-
?
1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol + beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-1-5-anhydro-D-glucitol + phosphate
26% activity compared to D-glucose as acceptor
-
-
r
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose + phosphate
D-glucose + beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
-
-
-
r
D-galactose + beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-galactopyranose + phosphate
21% activity compared to D-glucose as acceptor
-
-
r
D-glucose + beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose + phosphate
-
-
-
r
D-xylose + beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-xylopyranose + phosphate
38% activity compared to D-glucose as acceptor
-
-
r
methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside + beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
methyl 3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranoside + phosphate
2.1% activity compared to D-glucose as acceptor
-
-
r
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose + phosphate
D-glucose + beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate
Nigerose may be liberated from nigeran outside the cell, transported into the cell by a sugar transporter and phosphorylyzed into beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate. This is converted into D-glucose 6-phosphate and can enter the glycolytic pathway.
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-
r
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose + phosphate
D-glucose + beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate
phosphorolysis reaction with nigerose
-
-
r
additional information
?
-
in the reverse phosphorolyis reaction the enzyme produces only disaccharides. The enzyme does not use any disaccharides as acceptors in the reverse phosphorolysis reaction. It does not use any D-glucose derivatives at the C2 position such as D-mannose, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, D-glucosamine, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
in the reverse phosphorolyis reaction the enzyme produces only disaccharides. The enzyme does not use any disaccharides as acceptors in the reverse phosphorolysis reaction. It does not use any D-glucose derivatives at the C2 position such as D-mannose, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, D-glucosamine, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
with beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate as donor the following sugars cannot act as acceptors: D-mannose, D-allose, D-fructose, D-lyxose, D-arabinose, L-arabinose, D-glucosamine, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, L-fucose, L-rhamnose, D-glucal, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate, alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate, D-glucose 6-phosphate, methyl beta-D-glucoside, 3-O-methyl-D-glucose, trehalose, kojibiose, nigerose, maltose, isomaltose, sophorose, laminaribiose, cellobiose, gentiobiose, xylobiose, melibiose, lactose, sucrose
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose + phosphate
D-glucose + beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate
Nigerose may be liberated from nigeran outside the cell, transported into the cell by a sugar transporter and phosphorylyzed into beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate. This is converted into D-glucose 6-phosphate and can enter the glycolytic pathway.
-
-
r
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose + phosphate
D-glucose + beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
-
-
-
r
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
no divalent metal ions required
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
79
1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis reaction, cosubstrate beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate
1.7
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose
pH 7.0, 30°C, phosphorolyis reaction
104
D-galactose
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis reaction, cosubstrate beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate
3.3
D-glucose
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis reaction, cosubstrate beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate
86
D-xylose
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis reaction, cosubstrate beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate
0.2
phosphate
pH 7.0, 30°C, phosphorolysis reaction, cosubstrate 3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose
1 - 7
1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis, donor beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
1.2
beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis, acceptor D-glucose
20
D-galactose
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis, donor beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
2.1
D-glucose
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis, donor beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
1 - 7
D-xylose
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis, donor beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
79
methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis, donor beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
120
1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis reaction, cosubstrate beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate
69
D-galactose
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis reaction, cosubstrate beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate
110
D-glucose
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis reaction, cosubstrate beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate
118
D-xylose
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis reaction, cosubstrate beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate
67
phosphate
pH 7.0, 30°C, cosubstrate 3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose
30
1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis, donor beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
31
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose
pH 7.0, 30°C
58
beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis, acceptor D-glucose
25
D-galactose
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis, donor beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
52
D-glucose
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis, donor beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
40
D-xylose
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis, donor beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
8.3
methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis, donor beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
1.5
1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis reaction, cosubstrate beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate
0.7
D-galactose
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis reaction, cosubstrate beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate
33
D-glucose
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis reaction, cosubstrate beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate
1.4
D-xylose
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis reaction, cosubstrate beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate
1.8
1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis, donor beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
49
beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis, acceptor D-glucose
1.3
D-galactose
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis, donor beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
24
D-glucose
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis, donor beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
2.4
D-xylose
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis, donor beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
0.11
methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis, donor beta-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
Ki VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
6.4
3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose
pH 7.0, 30°C
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
0.17
32
pH 7.0, 30°C, phosphorolysis reaction, substrate 3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose
4.6
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis reaction, substrates beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-galactose
54
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis reaction, substrates beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-glucose
8.1
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis reaction, substrates beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate + 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol
9.3
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis reaction, substrates beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-xylose
0.17
pH 7.0, 30°C, phosphorolysis reaction, substrate 2-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose
0.17
pH 7.0, 30°C, reverse phosphorolysis reaction, substrates beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate + methyl alpha-D-glucoside
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
pH STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Nihira, T.; Nakai, H.; Chiku, K.; Kitaoka, M.
Discovery of nigerose phosphorylase from Clostridium phytofermentans
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
93
1513-1522
2012
Lachnoclostridium phytofermentans (A9KT32), Lachnoclostridium phytofermentans, Lachnoclostridium phytofermentans ATCC 700394 (A9KT32)
Nihira, T.; Nishimoto, M.; Nakai, H.; Ohtsubo, K.; Kitaoka, M.
Characterization of two phosphorylases for alpha-1,3-oligoglucans from Clostridium phytofermentans
J. Appl. Glycosci.
61
59-66
2014
Lachnoclostridium phytofermentans (A9KSL5), Lachnoclostridium phytofermentans DSM 18823 (A9KSL5)
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