EC Number |
Recommended Name |
Source Tissue |
Reference |
---|
1.1.1.14 | L-iditol 2-dehydrogenase |
lens |
- |
285895, 285898, 655289, 668225 |
1.1.1.179 | D-xylose 1-dehydrogenase (NADP+, D-xylono-1,5-lactone-forming) |
lens |
- |
286124, 286128 |
1.1.1.188 | prostaglandin-F synthase |
lens |
- |
389458 |
1.1.1.19 | glucuronate reductase |
lens |
- |
286146 |
1.1.1.2 | alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+) |
lens |
- |
-, 286168, 286180, 286182, 286219, 286220, 738840 |
1.1.1.21 | aldose reductase |
lens |
- |
286240, 286243, 286245, 286247, 286250, 286256, 286261, 654957, 656089, 667224, 667331, 667349, 667923, 667931, 669794, 670121, 685456, 685465, 685544, 689107, 695930, 696708, 699247, 699641, 699743, 711353, 711356, 711427, 711458, 713242, 723017, 737604, 737763, 738833, 739379, 739481, 760690, 761282, 761950 |
1.1.1.21 | aldose reductase |
lens |
ALR2 |
711452 |
1.1.1.21 | aldose reductase |
lens |
calf |
738164 |
1.1.1.21 | aldose reductase |
lens |
cultured epithelial cells |
668511, 668515 |
1.1.1.21 | aldose reductase |
lens |
cultured, healthy and diabetic lens |
668511 |
1.1.1.21 | aldose reductase |
lens |
isoform ALR2 |
685547, 761025 |
1.1.1.21 | aldose reductase |
lens |
of diabetic rats |
669791 |
1.1.1.27 | L-lactate dehydrogenase |
lens |
- |
286464 |
1.1.1.44 | phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (NADP+-dependent, decarboxylating) |
lens |
- |
286897 |
1.1.1.45 | L-gulonate 3-dehydrogenase |
lens |
- |
286146, 669147, 712765 |
1.1.1.95 | phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase |
lens |
epithelium |
654940 |
1.13.11.52 | indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase |
lens |
enzyme activity is detected in all lenses ranging from 26 to 80 years and there are no clear relationship of IDO activity with age |
657494 |
1.14.11.2 | procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase |
lens |
embryo, lowest enzyme activity |
439200 |
1.14.15.15 | cholestanetriol 26-monooxygenase |
lens |
- |
713175 |
1.2.1.3 | aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) |
lens |
- |
348708, 348709, 693311, 711635 |
1.2.1.3 | aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) |
lens |
tissue with highest content |
655948 |
1.2.1.36 | retinal dehydrogenase |
lens |
- |
390272, 654700, 655948 |
1.3.1.20 | trans-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol dehydrogenase |
lens |
- |
286128, 349240, 349254, 686023 |
1.4.3.13 | protein-lysine 6-oxidase |
lens |
determination of LOX activity and expression in donor ocular tissues |
698383 |
1.5.1.2 | pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase |
lens |
- |
392112 |
1.5.1.25 | thiomorpholine-carboxylate dehydrogenase |
lens |
- |
741580 |
1.6.5.4 | monodehydroascorbate reductase (NADH) |
lens |
- |
392752, 655510 |
1.6.5.4 | monodehydroascorbate reductase (NADH) |
lens |
high activity |
392752 |
1.6.5.4 | monodehydroascorbate reductase (NADH) |
lens |
weak activity |
392752 |
1.6.5.5 | NADPH:quinone reductase |
lens |
- |
14077, 14079, 14082, 14083, 14084, 14086, 14087, 14088, 14089, 697208, 697701, 742325 |
1.6.5.5 | NADPH:quinone reductase |
lens |
cortex |
14081 |
1.6.5.5 | NADPH:quinone reductase |
lens |
in animals homozygous for the cataract phenotype the normal zeta-crystallin polypeptide is absent from the lens |
-, 697795 |
1.8.1.7 | glutathione-disulfide reductase |
lens |
- |
673194 |
1.8.1.7 | glutathione-disulfide reductase |
lens |
glutathione reductase plays a key role in maintaining thiol groups in the lens, and its activity decreases with aging and cataract formation. The glutathione reductase activity in the cortex and nucleus of the cataractous lenses is significantly lower than that of the aged clear lenses. The highest activity in the cortex is observed in the clear aged lenses. The combination of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase revives the activity of glutathione reductase from both the cortex and nucleus of aged clear lenses. In cataract lenses (grade II and grade IV), there is a statistically significant recovery of glutathione reductase activity in the cortex, but not in the nucleus. No recovery is observed when thioredoxin or thioredoxin reductase are used separately. alpha-Crystallin successfully revives glutathione reductase activity in the cortex of cataract grade II lenses, but not in the nucleus. The combination of alpha-crystallin and thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase gives a further increase of activity. Thioltransferase alone revives some of the glutathione reductase activity but together with the thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase system gives no statistically significant enhancement of glutathione reductase activity |
686259 |
1.8.1.7 | glutathione-disulfide reductase |
lens |
the combination of thioredioxin and thioredoxin reductase revives the activity of glutathione reductase from both the cortex and nucleus of aged clear lenses. In cataract lenses (grade II and grade IV) there is a statistically significant recovery of glutathione reductase activity in the cortex, but not in the nucleus. alpha-Crystallin successfully revives glutathione reductase activity in the cortex of cataract grade II lenses, but not in the nucleus. the combination of alpha-crystallin and thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase gives a further increase in activity. Both disulfide bond formation and protein unfolding are responsible for glutathione inactivation |
686259 |
1.8.4.11 | peptide-methionine (S)-S-oxide reductase |
lens |
- |
660380, 686598, 696438 |
1.8.4.12 | peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase |
lens |
epithelia and fibers, isozymes MsrB1 or selenoprotein R, MsrB2 or CBS-1, and MsrB3, differential expression patterns of isozymes, overview |
669008 |
1.8.4.2 | protein-disulfide reductase (glutathione) |
lens |
- |
394810 |
2.1.1.296 | methyltransferase cap2 |
lens |
- |
756633 |
2.1.1.5 | betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase |
lens |
- |
441244 |
2.1.1.5 | betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase |
lens |
represents 0.5-10% of the total protein, presence of BHMT can be related to its role in betaine removal when osmotic stress disappears, a key process, since osmotic swelling is a major factor in the development of some types of cataracts |
673003 |
2.1.1.77 | protein-L-isoaspartate(D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase |
lens |
- |
485597 |
2.3.1.33 | histidine N-acetyltransferase |
lens |
- |
486793, 735700 |
2.3.1.33 | histidine N-acetyltransferase |
lens |
the amount of enzyme activity is related to starvation and feeding of the fish |
486794 |
2.3.1.48 | histone acetyltransferase |
lens |
expressed in embryonic lens. The lens-specific chromatin domain contains both promoter localized CBP on the background of locus spread-presence of CBP and p300 |
688356 |
2.3.2.13 | protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase |
lens |
- |
487827, 487867, 686596 |
2.3.2.13 | protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase |
lens |
cortex |
487843 |
2.3.2.2 | gamma-glutamyltransferase |
lens |
very low activity |
487911 |
2.3.2.27 | RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase |
lens |
developing lens |
692490 |
2.4.1.206 | lactosylceramide 1,3-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyltransferase |
lens |
the enzyme is expressedin two distinct phases during the zebrafish embryogenesis. The early phase extends from late blastulation to the completion of epiboly, during which the expression occurs in the superficial layer of the embryos. The second phase of expression starts during mid-segmentation and persists until day 3, during which the expression occurs prominently in the developing lens. Hedgehog signaling is required for the Lc3 synthase expression in embryonic lens |
658505 |
2.5.1.18 | glutathione transferase |
lens |
- |
722273 |
2.5.1.6 | methionine adenosyltransferase |
lens |
- |
639039 |
2.7.1.11 | 6-phosphofructokinase |
lens |
calf |
640421 |
2.7.1.171 | protein-fructosamine 3-kinase |
lens |
- |
738073, 761600 |
2.7.1.172 | protein-ribulosamine 3-kinase |
lens |
highest levels of expression in bone marrow, brain, spleen, kidney, and lens |
708296 |
2.7.1.32 | choline kinase |
lens |
- |
641381 |
2.7.1.82 | ethanolamine kinase |
lens |
- |
641381 |
2.7.4.3 | adenylate kinase |
lens |
- |
642566 |
2.8.2.8 | [heparan sulfate]-glucosamine N-sulfotransferase |
lens |
gene Ndst1 is expressed during lens development, in lens epithelium, strong expression occurs in both the lens placode and in the optic vesicle in mouse embryos at stage E9.5, overview |
673255 |
3.1.22.1 | deoxyribonuclease II |
lens |
- |
680266, 697574 |
3.1.22.1 | deoxyribonuclease II |
lens |
during lens cell differentiation |
696131 |
3.1.22.1 | deoxyribonuclease II |
lens |
fiber cells, epithelium |
134284 |
3.1.22.1 | deoxyribonuclease II |
lens |
specific expression of isoform DNase IIbeta |
679773 |
3.1.3.2 | acid phosphatase |
lens |
- |
134703 |
3.1.3.48 | protein-tyrosine-phosphatase |
lens |
LMW-PTP is the predominant tyrosine phosphatase expressed in lens |
692322 |
3.1.8.1 | aryldialkylphosphatase |
lens |
eye lens epithelium, PON1 |
692441 |
3.2.1.166 | heparanase |
lens |
- |
714922 |
3.4.11.1 | leucyl aminopeptidase |
lens |
- |
25, 35862, 35908, 649773, 650856, 664129, 665075, 665306, 679846, 95189, 95190, 95192, 95197, 95200, 95201, 95210, 95211, 95212, 95213, 95214, 95216, 95217, 95219, 95220 |
3.4.13.5 | Xaa-methyl-His dipeptidase |
lens |
cortex, concentrated in the capsule at levels up to 3 mg/ml |
36080 |
3.4.14.2 | dipeptidyl-peptidase II |
lens |
- |
95247 |
3.4.14.4 | dipeptidyl-peptidase III |
lens |
- |
36185 |
3.4.19.1 | acylaminoacyl-peptidase |
lens |
- |
95263, 95265, 95268 |
3.4.21.26 | prolyl oligopeptidase |
lens |
- |
653873, 81352 |
3.4.21.5 | thrombin |
lens |
human capsular bag model |
669010 |
3.4.22.52 | calpain-1 |
lens |
- |
707136 |
3.4.22.52 | calpain-1 |
lens |
calpain 1 is most abundant in cells near the lens surface |
709015 |
3.4.22.52 | calpain-1 |
lens |
from Shumiya cataract animals |
644000 |
3.4.22.53 | calpain-2 |
lens |
- |
667378 |
3.4.22.53 | calpain-2 |
lens |
derived from Shumiya cataract animals |
644000 |
3.4.22.54 | calpain-3 |
lens |
calpain 3 or its isoforms is necessary for formation of the nuclear cataract that is observed in the alpha3Cx46-/- lens. In the absence of the CAPN3 gene, the formation of a cataract is delayed, and its appearance is changed to a more diffuse, pulverulent type |
680264 |
3.4.22.59 | caspase-6 |
lens |
- |
669243 |
3.4.22.B30 | calpain 10 |
lens |
- |
648105 |
3.4.22.B30 | calpain 10 |
lens |
lens epithelium, outer fiber cells of lens |
648105 |
3.4.23.45 | memapsin 1 |
lens |
- |
-, 638898 |
3.4.24.35 | gelatinase B |
lens |
- |
717349 |
3.5.1.15 | aspartoacylase |
lens |
- |
667777 |
3.6.5.6 | tubulin GTPase |
lens |
lens epithelial cell |
686631 |
4.2.1.1 | carbonic anhydrase |
lens |
- |
680179 |
4.2.1.3 | aconitate hydratase |
lens |
epithelium |
649551 |
4.3.2.1 | argininosuccinate lyase |
lens |
- |
34436, 34437, 34442, 34443, 34444, 34445, 34447 |
4.4.1.5 | lactoylglutathione lyase |
lens |
GLOI is mainly localized in the anterior epithelium but the enzyme is diffusely present in outer cortical and nuclear regions of the human lens |
707602 |
4.4.1.5 | lactoylglutathione lyase |
lens |
glyoxalase I activity and mRNA levels are elevated in diabetic lenses |
681891 |
5.3.2.1 | phenylpyruvate tautomerase |
lens |
- |
2873 |
5.4.99.7 | Lanosterol synthase |
lens |
- |
662517 |
5.4.99.7 | Lanosterol synthase |
lens |
in lens epithelial layer and shallow cortex layer |
749433 |
6.3.2.2 | glutamate-cysteine ligase |
lens |
- |
1131, 1137, 649263 |
7.1.1.9 | cytochrome-c oxidase |
lens |
- |
692222 |
7.2.2.13 | Na+/K+-exchanging ATPase |
lens |
- |
246966, 711941 |