EC Number   |
General Information |
Reference |
|---|
    5.1.1.3 | evolution |
a large number of Chlamydia species (as well as members of the Planctomycetes-Verrucomicrobiae-Chlamydiae superphylum) possess DapF but lack homologues of MurI. It is likely that DapF is a primordial isomerase that functions as both racemase and epimerase in these organisms, suggesting that specialized D-glutamate racemase enzymes never evolved in these microbes. DapFCT possesses an additional cysteine (C86) that is not highly conserved in other bacterial species |
748537 |
| 5.1.1.3 | evolution |
several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria. Primordial-like enzymes may be an essential part of the adaptive strategy associated with streamlining |
-, 759787 |
| 5.1.1.3 | malfunction |
inactivation of glutamate racemase eliminates the virulence in Streptococcus mutans, a stable mutant of Streptococcus mutans deficient in glutamate racemase, strain FW1718, is constructed to investigate the impact of murI inactivation on cariogenic virulence in wild-type strain UA159. The murI mutant exhibits an enlarged cell size, longer cell chains, diminished cell-cell aggregation, and altered cell surface ultrastructure compared with the wild-type. Gene murI deficiency weakens acidogenicity, aciduricity, and biofilm formation ability of Streptococcus mutans. The deletion of murI reduces the expression of the acidogenesis-related gene ldh by 44fold. The expression levels of the gene coding for surface protein antigen P (spaP) and the acid-tolerance related gene (atpD) are downregulated by 99%. Expression of comE, comD, gtfB and gtfC genes, related to biofilm formation, are downregulated 8, 43, 85, and 298fold in the murI mutant compared with the wild-type, respectively |
-, 748604 |
| 5.1.1.3 | malfunction |
the racE1 deletion does not affect growth rates, whereas racE2 deletion delays the vegetative growth of Bacillus anthracis following spore germination, producing aberrant cell shapes that can only partially be suppressed with exogenous D-glutamate. Deletion of racE1 or racE2 does not affect the synthesis or stereochemical composition of Bacillus anthracis poly-gamma-D-glutamic acid (PDGA) capsule, and mutants with a deletion of both genes, racE1 and racE2, are not viable |
-, 748097 |
| 5.1.1.3 | metabolism |
D-glutamate is generated via the racemization of L-glutamate by glutamate racemase (MurI). Chlamydia lacks homologues of MurI. The bifunctional diaminopimelate epimerase (DapF) also synthesizes D-glutamate, EC 5.1.1.3, and catalyzes the final step in the synthesis of meso-diaminopimelate, an amino acid unique to peptidoglycan, EC 5.1.1.7 |
748537 |
| 5.1.1.3 | metabolism |
glutamate racemase racemizes D-glutamate from L-glutamate, a key step in peptidoglycan synthesis |
-, 747696 |
| 5.1.1.3 | metabolism |
several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria |
-, 759787 |
| 5.1.1.3 | more |
mechanism of Helicobacter pylori glutamate racemase to generate the thermodynamically unfavorable reverse protonation state of the catalytic residue cysteine required for the proton abstraction from the alpha-carbon of glutamate, molecular dynamics simulations with a molecular mechanics force field along with QM/MM calculations starting from the crystal structure and from different MD snapshot, structural fluctuations of the enzyme-substrate complex, structural analysis of the four transition state structures,overview |
728190 |
| 5.1.1.3 | more |
molecular dynamics simulations on the enzyme have suggested particular regions that undergo relatively large changes, both in terms of substrate unbinding, as well as equilibrated enzyme-ligand complexes that show movement relative to one another (i.e., enzyme complexes with different types of active site small molecules equilibrated to distinct conformers) |
-, 746586 |
| 5.1.1.3 | more |
MurI from Lactobacillus plantarum NC8 seems to exhibit pseudosymmetry for the racemisation of Glu in both directions |
-, 728742 |
