EC Number   |
General Information |
Reference |
|---|
   2.1.1.204 | evolution |
DNMT2 exhibits different expression patterns in different mammalian species. General structure of mammalian DNMTs: the enzymes are composed of three main parts: N-terminal regulatory domain, central linker region, and C-terminal catalytic domain. The N-terminal regulatory domain includes the following subdomains: charge rich-region, proliferating cell nuclear antigen-binding, nuclear localization signal, cytosine-rich zinc finger DNA-binding, polybromo homology, and tetrapeptide chromatin binding. The C-terminal catalytic domain includes six conserved motifs: the motif I contains an AdoMet binding site, the motif IV binds to substrate cytosine at its active site, the motif VI involves glutamyl residues serving as a donor, the motif IX maintains stability of the substrate-binding site, and the motif X functions in formation of the AdoMet binding site. DNMT2 is structurally and functionally different from other DNMTs because it does not possess the N-terminal regulatory domain |
735727 |
| 2.1.1.204 | evolution |
DNMT2 methylates RNA by employing a DNA methyltransferase-like catalytic mechanism, which is clearly different from the mechanism of other RNA MTases. DNMT2 has changed its substrate specificity from DNA to RNA in the course of its evolution |
718931 |
| 2.1.1.204 | evolution |
identification of single-nucleotide resolution of cytosine 5-methylation sites in non-coding ribosomal RNAs and transfer RNAs of all three subcellular transcriptomes across six diverse species, overview. Both the nucleotide position and percent methylation of tRNAs and rRNAs cytosine 5-methylation sites are conserved across all species analysed, overview |
735864 |
| 2.1.1.204 | evolution |
phylogenetic analysis revealed that Plasmodium falciparum TRDMT1 clusters into tRNA specific methyltransferase family. The enzyme structure harbors all the essential motifs for C5 DNA methylation activity as well as tRNA methylation |
756078 |
| 2.1.1.204 | evolution |
the DNMTs encompass three different structural regions: N-terminal regulatory domain, C-terminal catalytic domain and a central linker region. The N-terminal regulatory domain is particularly implicated in determining subcellular localization of the DNMT and in allocating unmethylated DNA strands from hemi-methylated ones. The C-terminal catalytic domain consists of 10 different characteristic motifs, and six of them (I, IV, VI, VIII, IX and X) are evolutionally conserved among mammals. General structure of mammalian DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), overview. DNMT2 shows structural and functional differences when compared with the other DNMTs, it does not include N-terminal domain, and therefore cannot contribute to de-novo or maintenance methylation process |
758319 |
| 2.1.1.204 | evolution |
the enzyme belongs to the DNMT2 family of cytosine 5-methylation-RNA methyltransferases utilizing only one cysteine in their catalytic pocket |
736856 |
| 2.1.1.204 | evolution |
the enzyme is a highly conserved cytosine-C5 methyltransferase that introduces the C38 methylation of tRNA-Asp in many species, including lower eukaryotes, plants, insects and humans |
735726 |
| 2.1.1.204 | malfunction |
a 30% reduced charging level of tRNA-Asp is observed in Dnmt2 knockout (KO) murine embryonic fibroblast cells. Synthesis of endogenous proteins with poly-Asp sequences is reduced in Dnmt2 KO cells. Protein degradation does not cause reduction of protein level in Dnmt2 KO cells |
756387 |
| 2.1.1.204 | malfunction |
combined phenotypes for the absence of Dnmt2 and queuosine (Q). Consequences of absence of Dnmt2 in flies: transposon silencing, stress resistance and immune control of pathogens. Drosophila Dnmt2 mutants lack obvious growth or developmental phenotypes. Dnmt2 mutant flies furthermore show increased viral load and have an activated innate immune response. Conversely, Dnmt2 overexpression reduces infection of Drosophila with Wolbachia and reduces rates of cytoplasmic incompatibility caused by Wolbachia. Drosophila lacking Dnmt2 is viable and fertile |
756159 |
| 2.1.1.204 | malfunction |
combined phenotypes for the absence of Dnmt2 and queuosine (Q). Schizosaccharomyces pombe lacking Dnmt2 is viable and fertile |
-, 756159 |
