EC Number   |
General Information |
Reference |
|---|
    1.3.5.5 | malfunction |
both the albino and dwarf phenotypes of the pds3 mutant result from functional disruption of the PDS3 gene. Chloroplast development is arrested at the proplastid stage in the pds3 mutant. Further analysis shows that a high level of phytoene is accumulated in the pds3 mutant. Disrupting PDS3 gene results in gene expression changes involved in at least 20 metabolic pathways, including the inhibition of many genes in carotenoid, chlorophyll, and GA biosynthesis pathways. The accumulated phytoene in the pds3 mutant might play an important role in certain negative feedbacks to affect gene expression of diverse cellular pathways |
711700 |
| 1.3.5.5 | malfunction |
high light stress, red light stress, or use of a phytoene desaturase inhibitor or a mitotic disrupter herbicide lead to the accumulation of 15-cis phytoene but not all-trans phytoene. Bleaching herbicides such as norflurazon are known to boost phytoene accumulation in the cells of Dunaliella salina and other higher plants, by inhibiting PDS, which prevents the conversion of phytoene to phytofluene |
-, 763485 |
| 1.3.5.5 | metabolism |
determination of the phytoene isomers in Dunaliella salina by NMR spectrocopy and analysis of the carotenoid synthesis pathway of Dunaliella salina, overview |
-, 763485 |
| 1.3.5.5 | metabolism |
maize phytoene desaturase and zeta-carotene desaturase catalyse a poly-Z desaturation pathway to the predominate geometric isomer 7,9,7',9'-tetra-Z-lycopene (poly-Z-lycopene or prolycopene), and not the all-trans substrate required by the downstream lycopene cyclase enzymes |
659604 |
| 1.3.5.5 | more |
using the crystal structure of Oryza sativa PDS in complex with norflurazon, the relevance of homotetrameric assembly of the enzyme observed in crystallo is determined by dynamic mathematical modeling of reaction time courses, substrate channeling occurs of the intermediate phytofluene between individual subunits at membrane surfaces |
763616 |
| 1.3.5.5 | physiological function |
carotenoids comprise a diverse range of naturally occurring stereoisomers, which differ in their physico-chemical properties. Their biosynthesis begins with phytoene, which is a rarity among carotenoids because it is colourless. Geranylgeranyl diphosphate is catalysed by phytoene synthase and phytoene desaturase to phytoene and phytofluene, respectively. The subsequent steps involve desaturation, isomerisation and cyclisation reactions to form alpha- and beta-carotene stereoisomers, via all-trans lycopene. The marine microalga Dunaliella salina is the richest source of beta-carotene, but it can accumulate phytoene and phytofluene as well. Dunaliella salina, similar to tomato, produces predominantly 15-cis phytoene isomer (over 98%) and a trace amount of all-trans phytoene (below 2%). 9-cis phytoene is not detected in any of the extracts of Dunaliella salina biomass. 15-cis phytoene is the most abundant isomer in Dunaliella salina and that it is subject to a series of isomerisation and desaturation reactions to form all-trans and 9-cis beta-carotene |
-, 763485 |
| 1.3.5.5 | physiological function |
phytoene desaturase (PDS) is an essential plant carotenoid biosynthetic enzyme. PDS catalyzes the introduction of two double bonds into 15-cis-phytoene, yielding 9,15,9'-tri-cis-zeta-carotene via the intermediate 9,15-di-cis-phytofluene |
763616 |
| 1.3.5.5 | physiological function |
phytoene desaturase is an early enzyme of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway |
713292, 713304 |
| 1.3.5.5 | physiological function |
phytoene desaturase is an enzyme of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway |
713291 |
| 1.3.5.5 | physiological function |
the enzyme is involved in carotenoid biosynthesis |
713208 |
