EC Number   |
Application |
Reference |
|---|
   2.4.1.B62 | analysis |
development of a rapid and simple method for toxin A removal from culture filtrates |
728101 |
| 2.4.1.B62 | analysis |
evaluation of the C.Diff Quik Chek Complete Assay hich tests for the presence of both glutamate dehydrogenase and toxins A and B. The assay allows 88% of specimens to be accurately screened as either positive or negative for the presence of toxigenic Clostridium difficile in less than 30 min and with minimal hands-on time. Use of a random-access PCR for the analysis of specimens with discrepant allows the easy, rapid, and highly sensitive and specific diagnosis of Clostridium difficile disease |
728042 |
| 2.4.1.B62 | medicine |
construction of highly optimized plasmids encoding the receptor-binding domains from TcdA and TcdB in which any putative N-linked glycosylation sites are altered to test the potential of DNA vaccination against Clostridium difficile-associated disease. In mice and nonhuman primates, vaccination induces significant levels of both anti-receptor-binding domain antibodies (blood and stool) and receptor-binding domain-specific antibody-secreting cells. Sera from immunized mice and nonhuman primates can detect receptor-binding domain protein from transfected cells, as well as neutralize purified toxins in an in vitro cytotoxicity assay. Mice that are immunized with plasmids or given nonhuman-primate sera are protected from a lethal challenge with purified TcdA and/or TcdB. Immunized mice are significantly protected when challenged with Clostridium difficile spores from homologous (VPI 10463) and heterologous, epidemic (UK1) strains |
736234 |
| 2.4.1.B62 | medicine |
evaluation of comercially available rapid membrane enzyme immunoassays that use either glutamate dehydrogenase antigen or toxin A and B detection or a combination of both. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values are 63.6%, 98.0%, 76.1%, and 96.4%, respectively, for the CD COMPLETE-toxin assay and 75.5%, 97.4%, 72.5%, and 97.8%, respectively, for the VIDAS CDAB assay. In comparison to the enriched Clostridium difficile cultures, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values for the CD COMPLETE-GDH assay are 91.0%, 92.4%, 70.5%, and 98.1%, respectively. The CD COMPLETE assay is a reliable method for the diagnosis of Costridium difficile infection and provides greater sensitivity than toxin enzyme immunoassay alone |
726684 |
| 2.4.1.B62 | medicine |
in a batch release potency test, 3 out of 52 strains show gene TcsH expression. The vast majority of the toxicity (more than 97%) of the crude toxin prepared from a isoforms TcsL+ TcsH+ isolate is due toTcsL |
-, 737296 |
| 2.4.1.B62 | medicine |
Peptoclostridium difficile toxins A and B are S-nitrosylated by the infected host and S-nitrosylation attenuates virulence by inhibiting toxin self-cleavage and cell entry. InsP(6)- and inositol diphosphate InsP(7)-induced conformational changes in the toxin enable host S-nitrosothiols to transnitrosylate the toxin catalytic cysteine, which forms part of a structurally conserved nitrosylation motif. Treatment with exogenous InsP(6) enhances the therapeutic actions of oral S-nitrosothiols in mouse models of Peptoclostridium difficile infection |
728358 |
| 2.4.1.B62 | medicine |
phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase MK-2 is activated by toxins TcdA and TcdB and regulates the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Activation of p38-MK2 in infected animals and humans suggests that this pathway is a key driver of intestinal inflammation in patients with Clostridium difficile infection |
727620 |
| 2.4.1.B62 | medicine |
the vast majority of the toxicity (more than 97%) of the crude toxin prepared from a isoforms TcsL+ TcsH+ isolate is due toTcsL |
-, 737296 |
| 2.4.1.B62 | medicine |
toxin A-positive, toxin B-positive strains representing 12 variant toxinotypes all express considerably lower levels of toxin A and are less cytotoxic in vitro than non-variant strain VPI 10463. Truncated forms of toxin occur in toxinotype VI and VII strains and these toxins are differentiated from each other and from toxin A of the non-variant strain. Toxin A-positive, toxin B-positive strains of toxinotypes IX, XIV and XV are able to exhibit an alternative Clostridium sordellii-like cytopathic effect on Vero cells, characterized by marked cell clumping. The abnormal cytotoxicity observed for these strains is due to an altered toxin B |
728101 |
