4.2.3.119 C372S replacement with corresponding residue of (-)-camphene synthase, 97% of wild-type activity. Mutant produces an increased proportion of (-)-alpha-pinene and a correspondingly decreased proportion of (-)-beta-pinene, while the levels of total pinenes remains relatively constant 663770 4.2.3.119 C372S/C480S replacement with corresponding residue of (-)-camphene synthase, 72% of wild-type activity. Mutant produces an increased proportion of (-)-alpha-pinene and a correspondingly decreased proportion of (-)-beta-pinene 663770 4.2.3.119 C372S/F597W replacement with corresponding residue of (-)-camphene synthase, 100% of wild-type activity. Mutant produces an increased proportion of (-)-alpha-pinene and a correspondingly decreased proportion of (-)-beta-pinene 663770 4.2.3.119 C372S/F597W/S485C/F597W replacement with corresponding residue of (-)-camphene synthase, 99% of wild-type activity. Mutant produces about 80%(-)-alpha-pinene and 10% (-)-beta-pinene 663770 4.2.3.119 C372S/S485C replacement with corresponding residue of (-)-camphene synthase, 92% of wild-type activity. Mutant produces an increased proportion of (-)-alpha-pinene and a correspondingly decreased proportion of (-)-beta-pinene 663770 4.2.3.119 C480S replacement with corresponding residue of (-)-camphene synthase, 97% of wild-type activity. Mutant produces an increased proportion of (-)-alpha-pinene and a correspondingly decreased proportion of (-)-beta-pinene, while the levels of total pinenes remains relatively constant 663770 4.2.3.119 C480S/F597W replacement with corresponding residue of (-)-camphene synthase, 7% of wild-type activity. Mutant produces an increased proportion of (-)-alpha-pinene and a correspondingly decreased proportion of (-)-beta-pinene 663770 4.2.3.119 C480S/S485C replacement with corresponding residue of (-)-camphene synthase, 70% of wild-type activity. Mutant produces an increased proportion of (-)-alpha-pinene and a correspondingly decreased proportion of (-)-beta-pinene 663770 4.2.3.119 F597W replacement with corresponding residue of (-)-camphene synthase, 73% of wild-type activity. Mutant produces an increased proportion of (-)-alpha-pinene and a correspondingly decreased proportion of (-)-beta-pinene, while the levels of total pinenes remains relatively constant 663770 4.2.3.119 H346Y site-directed mutagenesis, mutation in the alpha-domain (catalytic domain), no phenotype, similar to wild-type 746601