1.2.1.13 A(plusCTE) chimeric mutant for testing the regulatory function of CTE 676575 1.2.1.13 B(E326Q) site specific mutant of the GAPDH B-subunit 676575 1.2.1.13 B(minCTE) deletion mutant for testing the regulatory function of CTE 676575 1.2.1.13 B(R77A) site specific mutant of the GAPDH B-subunit 676575 1.2.1.13 B(S188A) site specific mutant of the GAPDH B-subunit 676575 1.2.1.13 C151S mutant, substituting Ser for Cys at position 151 of GAPDH results in no binding to the cells, no decreased cell-spreading efficiency and no cell morphological changes 672334 1.2.1.13 C18S mutant of GapB subunit still shows stron redox regulation 656096 1.2.1.13 C274S mutant of GapB subunit still shows stron redox regulation 656096 1.2.1.13 C285S mutant of GapB subunit still shows stron redox regulation 656096 1.2.1.13 C349S mutant of GapB subunit is less redox-sensitive than GapB. Active tetramer, unable to aggregate to higher oligomers in presence of NAD+ 656096 1.2.1.13 C349S/C358S mutant of GapB subunit is less redox-sensitive than GapB. Active tetramer, unable to aggregate to higher oligomers in presence of NAD+ 656096 1.2.1.13 c358S mutant of GapB subunit is less redox-sensitive than GapB. Active tetramer, unable to aggregate to higher oligomers in presence of NAD+ 656096 1.2.1.13 D351N the mutation only marginally affects the redox sensitivity 689747 1.2.1.13 E356Q the mutation only marginally affects the redox sensitivity 689747 1.2.1.13 E356Q/E357Q complete redox insensitivity is achieved in the double mutant 689747 1.2.1.13 E357Q the mutation only marginally affects the redox sensitivity 689747 1.2.1.13 K128A Km-value for NADPH is nearly identical to wild-type value, turnover-number for NADPH is decreased about 2fold. Km-value for NADH is increased 2.1fold compared to wild-type enzyme, turnover-number for NADH is decreased 2.6fold 655492 1.2.1.13 K128E Km-value for NADPH is about 80% of the wild-type value, turnover-number for NADPH is decreased 2.7fold. Km-value for NADH is increased 2.3fold compared to wild-type enzyme, turnover-number for NADH is decreased 1.9fold 655492 1.2.1.13 K225A K225 is critical for binding of GAPDH to Siah1, an ubiquitin-E3-ligase, eliciting the translocation of GAPDH to the nucleus 676851 1.2.1.13 additional information construction of hybrid enzymes between the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases from the mesophilic Methanobacterium bryantii and the thermophilic Methanothermus fervidus 287989 1.2.1.13 additional information to increase NADPH bioavailability, the native NAD+-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gapA gene, EC 1.2.1.12, in Escherichia coli is replaced with the NADP+-dependent gapB gene, EC 1.2.1.13, from Bacillus subtilis. To overcome the limitation of NADP+ availability, Escherichia coli NAD kinase, gene nadK is also coexpressed with gapB in Escherichia coli. replacing NAD+-dependent GapA activity with NADP+-dependent GapB activity increases the synthesis of NADPH-dependent compounds -, 743027 1.2.1.13 R190A the catalytic constant, kcat, of the mutant in the presence of NADH decreases 10fold while the Km for NADH decreases 12fold. The mutant shows no activity with NADPH 724306 1.2.1.13 R197A Km-value for NADPH is identical to wild-type value, turnover-number for NADPH is about 90% of the wild-type value. Km-value for NADH is about 80% of the wild-type value, turnover-number for NADH is nearly identical to wild-type value 655492 1.2.1.13 R197E Km-value for NADPH is increased 1.3fold compared to wild-type enzyme, turnover-number for NADPH is decreased 2fold. Km-value for NADH is about 90% of the wild-type value, turnover-number for NADH is increased 1.3fold 655492 1.2.1.13 R82A the mutation leads to a 10fold increase in the Km for NADPH but does not affect the kinetics of NADH 724306 1.2.1.13 R82D the mutation leads to a 10fold increase in the Km for NADPH but does not affect the kinetics of NADH 724306 1.2.1.13 S188A affinity for NADPH is significantly decreased, decrease in the ratio of turnover number to Km-value in the NADPH-dependent reaction, significant expansion of the A4-tetramer 656539 1.2.1.13 S195A the mutation has no effect on the affinity of the enzyme for NADPH and its affinity for NADH and for BPGA in the presence of NADH is reduced 724306 1.2.1.13 T33A affinity for NADPH is significantly decreased, turnover-number for NADPH is lowered 656539 1.2.1.13 T33A/S188A affinity for NADPH is significantly decreased, turnover-number for NADPH is lowered 656539 1.2.1.13 Y123W increase of temperature of irreversible inactivation by 1.3°C 287989 1.2.1.13 Y323S decrease of temperature of irreversible inactivation by 4.5°C 287989