2.7.11.23 ATP + C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II the recombinant GST-tagged CTD substrate is hyperphosphorylated by Kin28 Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phosphorylated C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II - ? 381458 2.7.11.23 ATP + casein phosphorylated at about 30% the rate of RNA-polymerase II subunit Homo sapiens ADP + phosphocasein - ? 323362 2.7.11.23 ATP + casein phosphorylated at about 30% the rate of RNA-polymerase II subunit Triticum aestivum ADP + phosphocasein - ? 323362 2.7.11.23 ATP + chicken myosin regulatory light-chain - Mus musculus ADP + chicken myosin regulatory light-chain phosphate - ? 357284 2.7.11.23 ATP + CTD-containing fusion protein - Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phosphorylated CTD-containing fusion protein - ? 452330 2.7.11.23 ATP + CTD-containing fusion proteins - Homo sapiens ADP + ? - ? 357278 2.7.11.23 ATP + CTD-containing fusion proteins - Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + ? - ? 357278 2.7.11.23 ATP + CTD-containing fusion proteins e.g. GAL4-CTD (formerly GC147) or HSP 90 Homo sapiens ADP + ? - ? 357278 2.7.11.23 ATP + DYRKtide - Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-DYRKtide - ? 439170 2.7.11.23 ATP + GST-tagged yCTD fusion protein hCDK13 purified from nuclear extracts displays CTD kinase activity in vitro with recombinant GST-tagged yeast CTD fusion proteins as substrate, hyperphosphorylation of the CTD by hCDK13 kinase Homo sapiens ? - ? 439180 2.7.11.23 ATP + hepta-six peptide - Mus musculus ADP + phosphorylated hepta-six peptide - ? 452329 2.7.11.23 ATP + histone H1 - Mus musculus ADP + phosphohistone H1 - ? 357281 2.7.11.23 ATP + histone H1 - Homo sapiens ADP + phosphohistone H1 - ? 357281 2.7.11.23 ATP + histone H3 Ctk1 is essential for H3K36 methylation, also regulates H3K4 methylation Saccharomyces cerevisiae ? - ? 370400 2.7.11.23 ATP + histone H3 Ctk1 is essential for H3K36 methylation, also regulates H3K4 methylation Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 ? - ? 370400 2.7.11.23 ATP + HIV Tat - Homo sapiens ADP + phosphorylated HIV-Tat - ? 438227 2.7.11.23 ATP + HIV Tat Tat is an efficient substrate for DNA-PK only in the presence of DNA, three putative target sites of DNA-PK phosphorylation Homo sapiens ADP + phosphorylated HIV-Tat - ? 438227 2.7.11.23 ATP + holo-RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain phosphorylation by the serine 5-specific TFIIH complex, its kinase module TFIIK or by the C-terminal domain serine 2-specific kinase CTDK1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae ? - ? 391346 2.7.11.23 ATP + L-Arg-hepta peptide - Mus musculus ADP + phosphorylated L-Arg-hepta peptide - ? 452328 2.7.11.23 ATP + numatrin and other nuclear proteins Mus musculus ADP + phosphonumatrin - ? 357283 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II - Saccharomyces cerevisiae ? - ? 391373 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II both cdk7 and cdk9 are responsible for phosphorylation at the C-terminal domain Homo sapiens ? - ? 391373 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain phosphorylation is required for co-transcriptional splicing Xenopus laevis ? - ? 391373 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II CDK9 phosphorylates the C-terminal domain on serine 5 Homo sapiens ? - ? 391373 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II phosphorylation on C-terminal domain Drosophila melanogaster ? - ? 391373 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II TFIIH and mediator phosphorylate at C-terminal domain at Ser 5, Ser5 phosphorylation by the yeast Cdk7 (Kin28) subunit of TFIIH is required for recruitment of capping enzyme to the promoter region, P-TEFb phosphorylates at Ser 2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae ? - ? 391373 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II - Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 ? - ? 391373 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain - Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phosphoylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain - ? 394776 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain the SRI domain of Set2 interacts with the phosphorylated CTD of elongating RNAPII leading to methylation of the chromatin during transcription Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phosphoylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain - ? 394776 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain Ctk1 kinase activity regulates H3K4 methylation, the Ctk2 and Ctk3 components of CTDK-1 are necessary for Ctk1 kinase activity, overview Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phosphoylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit - ? 394777 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain TFIIH, a 10-subunit complex with many resident enzymatic activities, is essential for transcription by RNA polymerase II involving the TFIIH-associated kinase, Cdk7, which phosphorylates the C-terminal domain, CTD, of Rpb1, the largest subunit of Pol II Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phosphoylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit - ? 394777 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain Cdk7 phosphorylates the C-terminal domain, CTD, that consists of multiple YSPTSPS heptapeptide repeats, at Ser5 Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phosphoylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit - ? 394777 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain phosphorylation at Ser5, phosphorylation patterns, overview Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phosphoylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit - ? 394777 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain Ctk1 kinase activity regulates H3K4 methylation, the Ctk2 and Ctk3 components of CTDK-1 are necessary for Ctk1 kinase activity, overview Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 ADP + phosphoylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit - ? 394777 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain phosphorylation at Ser5, phosphorylation patterns, overview Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 ADP + phosphoylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit - ? 394777 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal repeat domain hyperphosphorylation, the Mediator complex associates with RNA polymerase II, RNAPII, at least partly via the RNAPII C-terminal repeat domain, CTD, whose phosphorylation is involved in triggering promoter clearance Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phosphoylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal repeat domain - ? 394778 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal repeat domain i.e. RNAPII CTD, hyperphosphorylation, the target specificity of TFIIK and CTDK1 differm, TFIIK phosphorylates Ser5, while CTDK1 phosphorylates Ser2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phosphoylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal repeat domain - ? 394778 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit i.e. RNAP II CTD, hypophosphorylated form of RNAP IIa is recruited to the preinitiation complex at the gene promoter by the general transcription factors. Initiation proceeds when the cdk7 complex phosphorylates the CTD at the serine 5 residues, resulting in a hyperphosphorylated RNAP II that recruits the RNA-capping enzymes, overview Homo sapiens ADP + phosphoylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit - ? 394779 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit Positive transcription elongation factor b is the major metazoan RNA polymerase II carboxyl-terminal domain Ser2 kinase, P-TEFb is critical for the maturation of RNA PolII into productive elongation in vivo, overview Drosophila melanogaster ADP + phosphoylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit - ? 394779 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit the enzyme regulates transcription elongation at many genes and integrates mRNA synthesis with histone modification, pre-mRNA processing, and mRNA export. Recruitment of P-TEFb to target genes requires deubiquitination of H2Bub, phosphorylation of H3S10, and the bromodomain protein, Brd4, overview. P-TEFb accompanies the mature mRNA to the cytoplasm to promote translation elongation. Enzyme regulation system, detailed overview Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phosphoylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit - ? 394779 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit the TFIIH mediator complex plays essential roles in transcription initiation and during the transition from initiation to elongation by transmitting signals from transcriptional activators to RNA polymerase II, phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II plays central roles in the integrated events of eucaryotic gene expression, it is not only essential for transcription, but also as a platform for RNA processing and chromatin regulation, detailed overview Homo sapiens ADP + phosphoylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit - ? 394779 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit i.e. Pol II CTD, TFIIH and mediator phosphorylate Ser5 of the CTD heptapeptide repeat sequence Homo sapiens ADP + phosphoylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit - ? 394779 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit i.e. RNAP II CTD, phosphorylation at Ser5 Homo sapiens ADP + phosphoylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit - ? 394779 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit phosphorylation at Ser2, Ser5, and Ser7, the extended C-terminal domain, CTD, of the Rbp1 subunit contains 52 heptad repeats with a consensus sequence YSPTSPS Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phosphoylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit - ? 394779 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit phosphorylation of Ser2 Drosophila melanogaster ADP + phosphoylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal subunit - ? 394779 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II carboxy terminal domain the phosphorylated RNAPII CTD, interacts with BRCA1 for induction of DEF1-dependent cleavage and accumulation of a RNAPII fragment containing the P-CTD, overview Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phosphorylated RNA polymerase II carboxy terminal domain - ? 394780 2.7.11.23 ATP + RNA polymerase II carboxy terminal domain i.e. RNAPII CTD Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phosphorylated RNA polymerase II carboxy terminal domain - ? 394780 2.7.11.23 ATP + Rps2 phosphorylates on Ser 238, phosphorylation of Rps2 is needed for translational accuracy Saccharomyces cerevisiae ? - ? 391374 2.7.11.23 ATP + Rps2 a protein of the small ribosomal subunit, Ctk1 interacts with the transcription and mRNA export, TREX, complex, which couples transcription to mRNA export, and Ctk1 enhances efficient and accurate translation of the mRNA, Ctk1 is a prerequisite for correct decoding in vivo overview Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phosphorylated Rps2 - ? 394781 2.7.11.23 ATP + Rps2 a protein of the small ribosomal subunit, phosphorylation at Ser238 Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phosphorylated Rps2 - ? 394781 2.7.11.23 ATP + synthetic peptide - Homo sapiens ADP + phosphorylated synthetic peptide - ? 452327 2.7.11.23 ATP + synthetic peptides - Homo sapiens ADP + ? - ? 357277 2.7.11.23 ATP + synthetic peptides - Triticum aestivum ADP + ? - ? 357277 2.7.11.23 ATP + synthetic peptides hepta-six or Arg-hepta Mus musculus ADP + ? - ? 357277 2.7.11.23 ATP + synthetic peptides e.g. Lys-(Tyr-Ser-Pro-Thr-Ser-Pro-Ser)4 Homo sapiens ADP + ? - ? 357277 2.7.11.23 ATP + synthetic peptides bovine serum albumin conjugated to heptapeptide Triticum aestivum ADP + ? - ? 357277 2.7.11.23 ATP + [carboxy terminal domain of RNA polymerase II] the enzyme GSK-3 phosphorylates the carboxy terminal domain of RNA polymerase II in vitro, but preferentially when the substrate is previously phosphorylated, consistently with the requirement of a priming phosphorylation reported for GSK-3 efficacy Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[carboxy terminal domain of RNA polymerase II] - ? 459486 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - Drosophila sp. (in: flies) ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - Mus musculus ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - Triticum aestivum ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - Aspergillus sp. ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] no substrate is phosvitin Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] phosphorylates not Tyr-residues Drosophila sp. (in: flies) ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] phosphorylates not Tyr-residues Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] phosphorylates not Tyr-residues Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] kinase CTDK1: 33 mol phosphate per mol IIA-subunit Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] no substrates are dTTP and AMP-PNP Mus musculus ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] phosphorylates to a lesser extent Thr-residues Drosophila sp. (in: flies) ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] phosphorylates to a lesser extent Thr-residues Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] phosphorylates to a lesser extent Thr-residues Triticum aestivum ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] no substrates are bovine serum albumin and calf thymus histone Triticum aestivum ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] no substrates are the RNA polymerases II of Drosophila melanogaster and yeast Mus musculus ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] kinase CTDK1 almost exclusively phosphorylates Ser-residues Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] no substrate is GTP Triticum aestivum ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] phosphorylates Ser- and Thr-residues equally Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] kinase CTDK2 phosphorylates to a lesser extent Thr-residues Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] kinase CTDK2: 40-50 mol phosphate per mol IIA-subunit, i.e. 1 phosphate per heptapeptide repeat Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] phosphorylates predominantly Ser-residues Drosophila sp. (in: flies) ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] phosphorylates predominantly Ser-residues Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] phosphorylates predominantly Ser-residues Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] phosphorylates predominantly Ser-residues Triticum aestivum ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] substrates are RNA-polymerase II subunits of wheat germ, soy bean, pea and human Triticum aestivum ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] distinct from other protein phosphokinases, transfers about 20 phosphates to the heptapeptide repeats Pro-Thr-Ser-Pro-Ser-Tyr-Ser in C-terminal domain of MW 220000 subunit of RNA-polymerase II Triticum aestivum ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] no substrates are CTP and UTP Mus musculus ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] no substrates are CTP and UTP Triticum aestivum ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] presumably obligate part of transcription process Mus musculus ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] presumably obligate part of transcription process Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] presumably obligate part of transcription process Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] presumably obligate part of transcription process Triticum aestivum ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] CTD kinase 1 plays an important role in transcription elongation in vivo, the deletion of one ore more CTK genes is lethal but in combination with the deletion of PPR2 or ELP Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] deletion of the kinase subunit Ctk1 results in phosphorylation of serine in position 5 of the CTD repeat during logarithmic growth and eliminates the transient increase in CTD serine 2 phosphorylation during the diauxic shift Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] the CTD is essential for viability, although mutants with deletions that remove approximately half of the repeats are still viable Drosophila sp. (in: flies) ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] the CTD is essential for viability, although mutants with deletions that remove approximately half of the repeats are still viable Mus musculus ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] the CTD is essential for viability, although mutants with deletions that remove approximately half of the repeats are still viable Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] CTD kinase I affects pre-mRNA 3' cleavage/polyadenylation through the processing component Pti1p Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - Drosophila sp. (in: flies) Kc ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] phosphorylates not Tyr-residues Drosophila sp. (in: flies) Kc ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] phosphorylates to a lesser extent Thr-residues Drosophila sp. (in: flies) Kc ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] phosphorylates predominantly Ser-residues Drosophila sp. (in: flies) Kc ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - ? 357276 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] Cdk12 acts on the Ser2 residue in Pol II CTD heptad repeats Drosophila melanogaster ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] only Rpb1, the largest subunit of RNAPII evolved a unique, highly repetitive carboxy-terminal domain, termed CTD. Dynamic phosphorylation patterns of serine residues in the CTD during gene transcription. Also phosphorylation of threonine 4 and tyrosine 1 in the CTD. CTD is composed of multiple tandem heptapeptides with the evolutionary conserved consensus motif Tyr1-Ser2-Pro3-Thr4-Ser5-Pro6-Ser7 Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] only Rpb1, the largest subunit of RNAPII evolved a unique, highly repetitive carboxy-terminal domain, termed CTD. Dynamic phosphorylation patterns of serine residues in the CTD during gene transcription. Phosphorylation of Ser2, Ser5, Thr4, and Tyr1 in the CTD. CTD is composed of multiple tandem heptapeptides with the evolutionary conserved consensus motif Tyr1-Ser-Pro3-Thr4-Ser5-Pro6-Ser7 Drosophila melanogaster ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] only Rpb1, the largest subunit of RNAPII evolved a unique, highly repetitive carboxy-terminal domain, termed CTD. Dynamic phosphorylation patterns of serine residues in the CTD during gene transcription. Phosphorylation of Ser2, Ser5, Thr4, and Tyr1 in the CTD. CTD is composed of multiple tandem heptapeptides with the evolutionary conserved consensus motif Tyr1-Ser2-Pro3-Thr4-Ser5-Pro6-Ser7 Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] only Rpb1, the largest subunit of RNAPII evolved a unique, highly repetitive carboxy-terminal domain, termed CTD. Dynamic phosphorylation patterns of serine residues in the CTD during gene transcription. Phosphorylation of Ser2, Ser5, Thr4, and Tyr1 in the CTD. CTD is composed of multiple tandem heptapeptides with the evolutionary conserved consensus motif Tyr1-Ser2-Pro3-Thr4-Ser5-Pro6-Ser7 Schizosaccharomyces pombe ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] only Rpb1, the largest subunit of RNAPII evolved a unique, highly repetitive carboxy-terminal domain, termed CTD. Dynamic phosphorylation patterns of serine residues in the CTD during gene transcription. Phosphorylation of Ser2, Ser5, Thr4, and Tyr1 in the CTD. CTD is composed of multiple tandem heptapeptides with the evolutionary conserved consensus motif Tyr1-Ser2-Pro3-Thr4-Ser5-Pro6-Ser7 Drosophila melanogaster ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] only Rpb1, the largest subunit of RNAPII evolved a unique, highly repetitive carboxy-terminal domain, termed CTD. Dynamic phosphorylation patterns of serine residues in the CTD during gene transcription. Phosphorylation of Ser2, Ser5, Thr4, and Tyr1 in the CTD. CTD is composed of multiple tandem heptapeptides with the evolutionary conserved consensus motif Tyr1–Ser2–Pro3–Thr4–Ser5–Pro6–Ser7 Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] Cdk9 phosphorylates Ser2. Phosphorylation of CTD-Tyr1 Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] kinases Bur1 and Ctk1 phosphorylate Ser2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] kinases Cdk9 and Lsk1 phosphorylate Ser2. Thr4 is also phosphorylated by a kinase Schizosaccharomyces pombe ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] Plk3 phosphorylates Thr4 in human cells. Phosphorylation of CTD-Tyr1 Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] subunit Srb10 of the Mediator phosphorylates CTD Ser5 Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] the cyclin-dependent kinase subunit Cdk7 of TFIIH phosphorylates Ser5 and Ser7 Drosophila melanogaster ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] the cyclin-dependent kinase subunit Cdk7 of TFIIH phosphorylates Ser5 and Ser7. Subunit Cdk8 of the Mediator also phosphorylates CTD Ser5. Phosphorylation of CTD-Tyr1 Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] the cyclin-dependent kinase subunit Cdk8 of the Mediator phosphorylates CTD Ser5 Drosophila melanogaster ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] the cyclin-dependent kinase subunit Cdk8 of the Mediator phosphorylates CTD Ser5. Phosphorylation of CTD-Tyr1 Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] the cyclin-dependent kinase subunit Kin28 of TFIIH phosphorylates Ser5 and Ser7 Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] the cyclin-dependent kinase subunit Mcs6 of TFIIH phosphorylates Ser5 and Ser7 of the CTD early in the transcription cycle in a Mediator-dependent manner, which leads to the dissociation of Mediator. Thr4 is also phosphorylated by a kinase Schizosaccharomyces pombe ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] only Rpb1, the largest subunit of RNAPII evolved a unique, highly repetitive carboxy-terminal domain, termed CTD. Dynamic phosphorylation patterns of serine residues in the CTD during gene transcription. Phosphorylation of Ser2, Ser5, Thr4, and Tyr1 in the CTD. CTD is composed of multiple tandem heptapeptides with the evolutionary conserved consensus motif Tyr1-Ser2-Pro3-Thr4-Ser5-Pro6-Ser7 Schizosaccharomyces pombe ATCC 24843 ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] kinases Cdk9 and Lsk1 phosphorylate Ser2. Thr4 is also phosphorylated by a kinase Schizosaccharomyces pombe ATCC 24843 ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] the cyclin-dependent kinase subunit Mcs6 of TFIIH phosphorylates Ser5 and Ser7 of the CTD early in the transcription cycle in a Mediator-dependent manner, which leads to the dissociation of Mediator. Thr4 is also phosphorylated by a kinase Schizosaccharomyces pombe ATCC 24843 ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase II] - ? 438258 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - Schizosaccharomyces pombe ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] CTD phosphorylation and transcription cycle overview Drosophila melanogaster ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] CTD phosphorylation facilitates pre-mRNA processing, CTD phosphorylation and transcription cycle overview Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] CTD phosphorylation facilitates pre-mRNA processing, CTD phosphorylation and transcription cycle overview Schizosaccharomyces pombe ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] hyperphosphorylation of the C-terminal domain CTD of the RNA polymerase II large subunit by Ctk1 is essentially required for methylation of histone H3 Lys36 in transcription elongation in volving association of Set2 to the hyperphosphorylated RNA polymerase II, overview Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] hyperphosphorylation of the C-terminal domain CTD of the RNA polymerase II large subunit is required for transcription and 3' processing of snRNA, e.g. U1 and U2, recognition of the 3' box by the phosphorylated CTD, CTD kinase activity is not required for beta-actin expression, overview Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] hyperphosphorylation of the C-terminal repeat domain CTD of the RNA polymerase II large subunit is required for elongation of mRNA, the enzyme is involved in functional organization of transcription and nuclear metabolism Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] phosphorylation of Ser2 within the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain couples transcription and 3' end processing by recruiting factors for polyadenylation and 3' end processing, phosphorylation of Ser5 during initiation recruits the capping enzyme Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] the CTD kinases Ctk1, Bur1, Kin28, and Srb10 are involved in preinitiation of transcription and elongation Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] the CTD of the RNA polymerase II is the target for numerous enzymes, including cell cycle-dependent kinases and phosphatases, thus phosphorylation of the CTD becomes a key event during mRNA metabolism and physiological regulation of transcription, and is affected by cell stress or embryonic development, CTD phosphorylation and transcription cycle overview Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] the enzyme is involved, together with several factors, in regulation of RNA elongation, transition at the 3' end, and polyadenylation, the enzyme is responsible for crosslinking of polyadenylation factors, overview Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] the enzyme phosphorylates the C-terminal CTD domain of the RNA polymerase II large subunit, which has specific phosphorylation patterns for regulation of mRNA and snRNA processing Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] the enzyme preferentially phosphorylates RNA poylmerase II bound in a native ternary complex in opposite to the Fcp1 phosphatase preferably dephosphorylating free RNA poylmerase II, after complex disruption, at Ser5, not Ser2, of the CTD, the TFIIH TD kinase is involved in RNA poylmerase II activity regulation, mechanism, overview Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] CDKC1 phosphorylates the C-terminal YSPTSPS hexapeptide repeat domain CTD of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II at Ser5, no activity with RNA polymerase II mutant S5A Medicago sativa ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] CTD kinase 1 hyperphosphorylates the C-terminal repeat domain CTD of the RNA polymerase II large subunit, phosphorylation of CTD leads to interaction/binding of several proteins with nuclear functions in vitro, i.e. phosphoCTD-associating proteins, purification and analysis of PCAPs, e.g. Ess1, Hrr25, Prp40, Ssd1, SSd1, and Set2, overview Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] Ctk1 kinase phosphorylates Ser2 and Ser5 of the C-terminal CTD domain of the RNA polymerase II large subunit Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] Ctk1 kinase phosphorylates the C-terminal CTD domain of the RNA polymerase II large subunit, primarily at Ser2 and Ser5 Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] hyperphosphorylation of the C-terminal domain CTD of the RNA polymerase II large subunit Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] hyperphosphorylation of the C-terminal domain CTD of the RNA polymerase II large subunit Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] hyperphosphorylation of the C-terminal domain CTD of the RNA polymerase II large subunit, e.g. at Ser2 and Ser5, by cyclin-dependent kinase 7 and 9, i.e. Cdk7 and Cdk9 Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain CTD of the RNA polymerase II large subunit at Ser2 and Ser5 Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] recombinant GST-tagged protein substrate or synthetic GST-tagged peptide substrate derived from RNA polymerase II, CTD kinase 1 hyperphosphorylates the C-terminal repeat domain CTD of the RNA polymerase II large subunit at Ser2 and/or Ser5, determination of phosphorylation sites, already phosphorylated substrates are more efficient substrates for CTD kinase I Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] the enzyme phosphorylates the C-terminal CTD domain of the RNA polymerase II large subunit Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] the enzyme phosphorylates the C-terminal CTD domain of the RNA polymerase II large subunit Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] the enzyme phosphorylates the C-terminal CTD domain of the RNA polymerase II large subunit, the CTD phosphorylation pattern is precisely modified as RNA polymerase II progresses along the genes and is involved in sequential recruitment of RNA processing factors, multiple phosphorylation sites and epitopes, e.g. at Ser2 and Ser5, overview Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] the enzyme phosphorylates the C-terminal CTD domain of the RNA polymerase II large subunit, the CTD phosphorylation pattern is precisely modified as RNA polymerase II progresses along the genes and is involved in sequential recruitment of RNA processing factors, multiple phosphorylation sites and epitopes, e.g. at Ser5, overview Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] the enzyme phosphorylates the C-terminal CTD domain of the RNA polymerase II large subunit, the CTD phosphorylation pattern is precisely modified as RNA polymerase II progresses along the genes and is involved in sequential recruitment of RNA processing factors, multiple phosphorylation sites and epitopes, overview Drosophila melanogaster ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] the enzyme phosphorylates the C-terminal CTD domain of the RNA polymerase II large subunit, the CTD phosphorylation pattern is precisely modified as RNA polymerase II progresses along the genes and is involved in sequential recruitment of RNA processing factors, multiple phosphorylation sites and epitopes, overview Schizosaccharomyces pombe ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] Ctk1 is the major serine 2 kinase in vivo Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] CTK1 phosphorylates the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II at Ser2 and Ser5 Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] DYRK1A phosphorylates the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II at Ser2 and Ser5. The mammalian RNAPII C-terminal domain consists of 52 hepta-residue repeats (YSPTSPS), and its phosphorylation governs the paused or elongating phases of the transcription cycle Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] enzyme DNA-PK phosphorylates all three serine residues, Ser2, Ser5, and Ser7, of C-terminal domain, CTD Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] enzyme phosphorylates residues in the C-terminal domain, CTD, of the largest RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) subunit, RPB1 Trypanosoma brucei ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] KIN28 phosphorylates the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II at Ser2 and Ser5 Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] phosphorylation at Ser2 by BRD4 kinase. BRD4 phosphorylates the Pol II CTD in in vitro transcription reactions Mus musculus ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] Ser2 phosphorylation by dCDK12 in the C-terminal repeat domain, CTD Drosophila melanogaster ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] SRB10 phosphorylates the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II at Ser2 and Ser5 Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] BRD4 phosphorylates CTD proteins containing the consensus sequence and Ala substitutions at Ser5 and Ser7, but it does not phosphorylate Ser2 substitutions either alone or combined with Ser5. BRD4 phosphorylates all consensus CTD heptad repeats. Assay substrate is recombinant full-length human GST-tagged CTD Mus musculus ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] DYRK1A phosphorylates the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II at Ser2 and Ser5 Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] enzyme DNA-PK phosphorylates all three serine residues, Ser2, Ser5, and Ser7, of C-terminal domain, CTD. Serine residues at positions 2 and 7 are preferred to serine 5 Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] in vitro, Ctk1 complex can phosphorylate the CTD at all three serines, although with different efficiencies. Ctk1 phosphorylates Ser2 in vitro Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] phosphorylation of Ser2, Ser5, and Ser7 in CTD Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] phosphorylation of Ser5 and Ser7 in CTD, Bur1 phosphorylates Ser2 in vitro Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] Ser phosphorylation in the C-terminal repeat domain, CTD Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] hyperphosphorylation of the C-terminal domain CTD of the RNA polymerase II large subunit by Ctk1 is essentially required for methylation of histone H3 Lys36 in transcription elongation in volving association of Set2 to the hyperphosphorylated RNA polymerase II, overview Saccharomyces cerevisiae AS4 ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase] hyperphosphorylation of the C-terminal domain CTD of the RNA polymerase II large subunit Saccharomyces cerevisiae AS4 ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] - ? 378610 2.7.11.23 ATP + [RNA polymerase II carboxyl terminal domain] phosphorylation at Ser-2 Neurospora crassa ADP + phospho-[RNA polymerase II carboxyl terminal domain] - ? 458581 2.7.11.23 ATP + [RNA polymerase II carboxyl terminal domain] phosphorylation at Ser-2 Neurospora crassa 87-3 ADP + phospho-[RNA polymerase II carboxyl terminal domain] - ? 458581 2.7.11.23 ATP + [RNA polymerase II] - Mus musculus ADP + phospho-[RNA polymerase II] - ? 458582 2.7.11.23 ATP + [RNA polymerase II] cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) is a subunit of the positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) complex that regulates gene transcription elongation by phosphorylating the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II Mus musculus ADP + phospho-[RNA polymerase II] - ? 458582 2.7.11.23 ATP + [RNA polymerase II] the CDK9 subunit of positive transcription elongation factor b phosphorylates RNA polymerase II at its Ser-2 carboxy-terminal domain repeat Homo sapiens ADP + phospho-[RNA polymerase II] - ? 458582 2.7.11.23 dATP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - Homo sapiens dADP + ? - ? 357279 2.7.11.23 GTP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] - Mus musculus GDP + ? - ? 357280 2.7.11.23 GTP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] poor substrate Homo sapiens GDP + ? - ? 357280 2.7.11.23 GTP + [DNA-directed eukaryotic RNA polymerase II subunit IIa] kinase CTDK1, not kinase CTDK2 Homo sapiens GDP + ? - ? 357280 2.7.11.23 additional information human enzyme consists of 2 components: component A bears the active site and is capable of DNA-independent autophosphorylation, component B stimulates component A and is phosphorylated only in the presence of DNA Homo sapiens ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information CTD kinase function is opposed by Ess1, an essential prolyl isomerase binding to the C-terminal domain of the RNA polymerase, Ess1 interacts with CTD kinases, especially with Ctk1 and Srb10, the kinase and Ess1 compete for Ser5 of RNA polymerase II Saccharomyces cerevisiae ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information phosphorylation of CTD is required to disrupt the interactions between unphosphorylated CTD and the mediator complex to form a holoenzyme of RNA polymerase II or with transcription factors to form a preinitiation complex of transcription, disruption of the interactions at elongation of transcription are required to assist the recruitment of pre-mRNA modification enzymes Homo sapiens ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information the CDKC-1/CYCLINT-1 kinase complex is a positive regulator of transcription in Medicago sativa, the level and activity of the enzyme is not cell cycle dependent Medicago sativa ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information the cyclin-dependent kinase 7 and 9 are involved in processing of cytomegalovirus RNA in infected cells, enzyme inhibition results in changes in differential splicing and polyadenylation of viral immediate early and UL37 transcripts, overview, viral infection alters localization of RNA polymerase II Homo sapiens ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information the RNA polymerase II recruits factors including the enzyme that hyperphosphorylate its C-terminal domain, i.e. CTD, and the CTD in turn recruits proteins needed for mRNA splicing and polyadenylation, snRNA promoters probably recruit a CTD kinase, whose snRNA-specific phosphorylation patterns recruits factors required for promoter-coupled 3'-end formation, overview Homo sapiens ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information Ctdk-1 interacts with RNA polymerase I forming a complex Schizosaccharomyces pombe ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information cyclin-dependent kinase 7 and 9, i.e. Cdk7 and Cdk9, perform also the cyclin-dependent phosphorylation of other proteins, EC 2.7.11.22 Homo sapiens ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information cyclin-dependent kinase Cdk1, Cdk7, and Cdk9, EC 2.7.11.22, and by MAPK, EC 2.7.11.24, phosphorylating specific serine residues Homo sapiens ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information the enzyme also performs the reaction of EC 2.7.11.22 Medicago sativa ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information the reaction is also in vitro performed by cyclin-dependent kinase Ctk1, and Bur1, EC 2.7.11.22, phosphorylating specific serine residues Saccharomyces cerevisiae ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information cdk7 of the host transcription machinery is recruited to human cytomegalovirus immediate-early transcription sites, inhibition of the cyclin-dependent kinases at the beginning of human cytomegalovirus infection specifically alters the levels and localization of the RNA polymerase II carboxyl-terminal domain kinase cdk7 at the viral transcriptosome, overview Homo sapiens ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information cdk9 of the host transcription machinery is recruited to human cytomegalovirus immediate-early transcription sites, inhibition of the cyclin-dependent kinases at the beginning of human cytomegalovirus infection specifically alters the levels and localization of the RNA polymerase II carboxyl-terminal domain kinase cdk7 at the viral transcriptosome, overview Homo sapiens ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information CTK1 kinase is required for BRCA1-induced lethality in yeast, overview Saccharomyces cerevisiae ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information P-TEFb co-operates with c-Myc during transactivation and cell transformation, and also requires SKIP, c-Ski-interacting protein, an mRNA elongationand splicing factor. Some functions of the P-TEFb/Ser2P CTD are executed by the Spt6 transcription elongation factor, which binds directly to the phosphorylated CTD and recruits the Iws1 protein, overview. Because P-TEFb counteracts NELF- and DSIF-induced pausing in cell-free transcription reactions, at least part of its activity does not depend upon chromatin Saccharomyces cerevisiae ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information Set2-catalyzed H3K36me2 does not require either Ctk1-dependent phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II or the presence of the phospho-C-terminal domain, CTD, interaction (SRI) domain of Set2 for methylation of histone H3 at lysine 36 promoting deacetylation of transcribed chromatin and repressing cryptic promoters within genes. By contrast, H3K36me3 requires Spt6, proline 38 on histone H3, the CTD of RNAPII, Ctk1, and the C-terminal SRI domain of Set2, overview Saccharomyces cerevisiae ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information enzyme-Mediator complex dissociation assay, overview Saccharomyces cerevisiae ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information dynamic changes in the CTD phosphorylation pattern due to a complex interplay of various kinases and phosphatases subsequently orchestrate the binding of CTD interacting proteins, cf. CTD code Drosophila melanogaster ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information dynamic changes in the CTD phosphorylation pattern due to a complex interplay of various kinases and phosphatases subsequently orchestrate the binding of CTD interacting proteins, cf. CTD code Schizosaccharomyces pombe ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information DYRK1A targets contain a TCTCGCGAGA motif, which drives DYRK1A-dependent activation. DYRK1A interacts with RNAPII independently of its kinase activity Homo sapiens ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information the CTD differs in length dependent on the complexity of the organism. While Saccharomyces cerevisiae has 26 repeats, which nearly all obey the consensus sequence, mammalian CTD comprises 52. Dynamic changes in the CTD phosphorylation pattern due to a complex interplay of various kinases and phosphatases subsequently orchestrate the binding of CTD interacting proteins, cf. CTD code Saccharomyces cerevisiae ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information BRD4 autophosphorylation in an in vitro kinase reaction. Phoshorylation site determination with RNA Pol II CTD using a series of GST-CTD fusions with 25- or 16-heptad repeats bearing alanine substitutions in every heptad at Ser2, Ser5, Ser7, or Thr4 as substrates Mus musculus ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information Ctk3 shows no binding to CTD peptides Schizosaccharomyces pombe ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information Drosophila CDK12 manifests CTD kinase activity in vitro Drosophila melanogaster ? - ? 89 2.7.11.23 additional information during transcription after repair, UV irradiation induces a specific Ser-2 phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II and this phosphorylation is Cockayne syndrome group B protein-dependent. The CDK9 subunit of positive transcription elongation factor b is not responsible for this phosphorylation but instead might play a nonenzymatic role in transcription restart after DNA repair Homo sapiens ? - - 89 2.7.11.23 additional information dynamic changes in the CTD phosphorylation pattern due to a complex interplay of various kinases and phosphatases subsequently orchestrate the binding of CTD interacting proteins, cf. CTD code Schizosaccharomyces pombe ATCC 24843 ? - ? 89