2.7.13.3 chemical reconstitution of the recombinantly expressed PYP domain of Ppr with 4-coumaric acid 2.7.13.3 protein refolding is achieved by dialysis in storage buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.6, 0.5 mM dithiothreitol, 50% (v/v) glycerol) containing 0.01% (v/v) Triton X-100 2.7.13.3 purified recombinant truncated enzyme proteins are reconstituted into liposomes by a detergent-mediated method, effect of different detergents on protein reconstitution efficiency, overview. The highest incorporation is found with N,N-dimethyldode-cylamine N-oxide resulting in a yield of 85%, liposomes are consisting of dioleoyl-phosphatidyl-choline : 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : egg L-alpha-phosphatidic acid : cholesterol at molar ratios of 4:4:1:1, pH 7.4. Determination of the morphology and size of liposome, overview 2.7.13.3 the refolded recombinant protein is obtained by gradual removal of 6 M urea by sequential dialysis