1.6.3.5	drug target	high dopamine levels in patients with schizophrenia might be due to low renalase levels. Renalase enzyme levels may play a substantial role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Renalase levels are significantly lower in schizophrenia patients than in the control group, whereas dopamine levels are significantly higher. The epinephrine levels of both groups are similar, while the norepinephrine levels in patients with schizophrenia are significantly lower than those in the control group	765214	
1.6.3.5	malfunction	dysregulated extracellular renalase signalling promotes tumour growth	742961	
1.6.3.5	physiological function	administration of renalase lowers blood pressure and heart rate and also protects cells and organs against ischaemic and toxic injury. Independent of its enzymatic properties, renalase functions as a cytokine that provides protection to cells, tissues and organs by interacting with its receptor to activate protein kinase B, JAK/STAT, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Extracellular renalase protects against renal injury, cardiac injury, and acute pancreatitis	742961	
1.6.3.5	physiological function	during transverse aortic constriction-induced heart failure, renalase is directly associated with P38 and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 signaling. Renalase inhibition attenuates the noradrenaline-induced hypertrophic response in vitro or the pressure overload-induced hypertrophic response in vivo. Recombinant renalase protein significantly alleviates pressure overload-induced cardiac failure and is associated with P38 and ERK1/2 signaling	764821	
1.6.3.5	physiological function	genetic deletion of renalase results in more severe disease in murine models of acute pancreatitis, and administering recombinant RNLS to cerulein-exposed wild-type mice after pancreatitis onset is protective. Plasma membrane calcium ATPase 4b is expressed in both murine and human acinar cells and a PMCA4b-selective inhibitor worsens pancreatitis-induced injury and blocks the protective effects of rcombinant RNLS	765042	
1.6.3.5	physiological function	in HK-2 cells, renalase inhibits TGF-1-mediated upregulation of alpha-smooth muscle actin and downregulation of E-cadherin. Increased levels of phospho-extracellular regulated protein kinases (p-ERK1/2) in TGF-1-stimulated cells are reversed by renalase cotreatment. When ERK1 is overexpressed, the inhibition of TGF-1-induced EMT and fibrosis mediated by renalase is attenuated	764894	
1.6.3.5	physiological function	in isolated pancreatic lobules, pretreatment with recombinant human renalase blocks zymogen activation caused by cerulein, carbachol, and a bile acid. Renalase also blocks cerulein-induced cell injury and histological changes. Genetic deletion of renalase results in more severe disease in murine models of acute pancreatitis, and administering recombinant human RNLS to cerulein-exposed wild-type mice after pancreatitis onset is protective	765042	
1.6.3.5	physiological function	in rats with complete unilateral ureteral obstruction, the expression of renalase is markedly downregulated and adenoviral-mediated expression of renalase significantly attenuates renal interstitial fibrosis	764894	
1.6.3.5	physiological function	little to no renalase is detected by histochemistry in the normal pancreatic head in the absence of abdominal trauma. In chronic pancreatitis, renalase immunoreactivity localizes to peri-acinar spindle-shaped cells in some samples and is also widely present in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma precursor lesions and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissue. Among 240 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, elevated plasma renalase levels are associated with worse tumor characteristics, including greater angiolymphatic invasion and greater node positive disease. Overall survival is worse in patients with high plasma renalase levels. Renalase levels also predict whether patients with locally advanced/borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma undergo resection	765662	
1.6.3.5	physiological function	renalase degrades catecholamines contributing to blood pressure control	742454