3.5.99.7 physiological function 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase promotes plant growth by sequestering and cleaving the ethylene precursor ACC to 2-oxobutyrate and ammonium. Many plant growth promoting rhizobacteria producing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase as a source of nitrogen has an eminent role in plant nutrition -, 757505 3.5.99.7 physiological function 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACCD)-producing endophytic Streptomyces sp. GMKU 336 and its ACCD-deficient mutant are inoculated into Thai jasmine rice Khao Dok Mali 105 cultivar (Oryza sativa cv. KDML105) under salt stress (150 mM NaCl) conditions. The results clearly indicate that Streptomyces sp. GMKU 336 significantly increases plant growth, chlorophyll, proline, K+, Ca+, and water contents, but decreases ethylene, reactive oxygen species (ROS), Na+, and Na+/K+ ratio when compared to plants not inoculated and those inoculated with the ACCD-deficient mutant. Genes involved in the ethylene pathway, ACO1 and EREBP1, are significantly downregulated, while acdS encoding ACCD in Streptomyces sp. GMKU 336 is upregulated in vivo. Effects of ACCD-producing Streptomyces sp. GMKU 336 on the rice plants, detailed overview 758431 3.5.99.7 physiological function ACC deaminase breaks down ACC, the direct precursor of ethylene biosynthesis in all higher plants, into ammonia and 2-oxobutyrate and, as a result, reduces stress ethylene levels in plants caused by a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses. ACC deaminase from strain D3 can inhibit crown gall development induced by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58 and can partially protect plants from this disease. Under gnotobiotic conditions, wild-type strain D3 is able to promote plant root elongation -, 719206 3.5.99.7 physiological function ACC deaminase cleaves the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate into 2-oxobutanoate and ammonia. The decreased level of ethylene allows the plant to be more resistant to a wide environmental stress including plant pathogens -, 712311 3.5.99.7 physiological function ACC deaminase producing bacterial inoculants enhance shoot and root length of rice -, 713588 3.5.99.7 evolution ACC deaminase producing plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are isolated from the rhizosphere of Triticum aestivum var. Lok-1 and identified using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Isolates are evaluated for various direct and indirect plant growth promoting (PGP) traits. 38 ACC deaminase producing PGPR are isolated which belonged to 12 distinct genera and falling into four phyla gamma-proteobacteria, beta-proteobacteria, Flavobacteria and Firmicutes. Klebsiella sp. is the most abundant genera and followed by Enterobacter sp. -, 758082 3.5.99.7 physiological function ACCD is involved in the induction of plant growth promotion by Trichoderma asperellum -, 712035 3.5.99.7 metabolism all the PGPR isolates register phosphate and zinc solubilization accompanied by drop in pH of the medium -, 758082 3.5.99.7 evolution comparative analysis of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase in selected plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The sequence and phylogenetic analysis of ACCD producing PGPR species represents the common conserved domain belonging to the tryptophan synthase beta subunit-like PLP-dependent enzymes superfamily and closely related to each other. The predicted homology models of ACCD of PGPR have similar protein structure with similar folds often share similar function. This analysis represents the evolutionary conservation and same biochemical function of ACCD producing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria -, 757505 3.5.99.7 malfunction compared with the wild-type A1501, the acdS mutant A1815 is more sensitive to the environmental stresses of salt and heavy metal shock. The survival rate of A1815 is lowered by 1-2 orders of magnitude compared with the wild-type when exposed to 1.0 M NaCl treatment for 3 h and by 2-3 orders of magnitude when exposed to 13.2 mM NiCl2 for 3 h -, 757414 3.5.99.7 evolution distribution of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase genes among type species of the genus Methylobacterium, overview -, 746770 3.5.99.7 physiological function effect of bacterial ACC deaminase overproduction on Medicago lupulina plants growth and nodulation, overview. The biomass production is significantly increased in the plants inoculated with Sinorhizobium meliloti overexpressing the Pseudomonas putida enzyme (pRKACC) or co-inoculated with wild-type Sinorhizobium meliloti and Pseudomonas putida UW4 in comparison with the plants inoculated with wild-type Sinorhizobium meliloti. The dry weight of aerial parts of plants inoculated with Sinorhizobium meliloti overexpressing the Pseudomonas putida enzyme (pRKACC) are enhanced by 31.6 % in the presence of 200 mg/kg Cu2+, and by 54.4 % in the presence of 400 mg/kg Cu2+, as compared with the plants inoculated with wild-type Sinorhizobium meliloti. The dry weight of roots is also significantly increased by 34.6 and 39.4 % in the pRKACC-strain inoculated plants treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg Cu2+. Similarly, a significant increase is also observed in the biomass production of plants co-inoculated with wild-type Sinorhizobium meliloti and Pseudomonas putida UW4 -, 758081 3.5.99.7 additional information identification of a specific ACC deaminase domain region (ACCD-DR) that, when PCR amplified from the soil, produces a variant pool that can be swapped into functional plasmids carrying ACC deaminase-encoding genes. Functional clones of ACC deaminase are selected for in a competition assay based on their capacity to provide nitrogen to Escherichia coli in vitro. Structure-function analysis 755841 3.5.99.7 metabolism impact of gene acdS on the sensitivity and nitrogenase activity under environmental stresses -, 757414 3.5.99.7 physiological function inoculation of Mesorhizobium ciceri with the bacterial isolate exhibiting ACC-deaminase activity results in an increase in root weight, shoot weight, number of pods and grain yield -, 711933 3.5.99.7 physiological function inoculation of wheat seedlings with rhizobacteria containing ACC-deaminase increases the plant height significantly under salt-stressed conditions, significantly affects the 100-grain weight of wheat at high and low salinity levels, increases the grain yield, and significantly improves the K+/Na+ at all salinity levels compared to control 711030 3.5.99.7 evolution library screening and genotyping of rhizosphere soli isolates, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, overview 755841 3.5.99.7 physiological function one of the key mechanisms of the effect of bacteria on plant growth and development is their ability to reduce the level of ethylene due to the activity of 1-aminocyclopropanex021-carboxylate deaminase (ACCD). This enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1-aminocyclopropanex021-carboxylate (ACC), which is an immediate precursor in ethylene biosynthesis, to 2-oxobutyrate and ammonium ions. ACCDx02possessing bacteria contribute to the enhancement of plant resistance to such negative impacts as drought, soil salinity, heavy metal pollution, and the presence of phytopathogens. Amycolatopsis methanolica is a freex02living soil bacterium, apparently not directly associated with plant surface -, 757627 3.5.99.7 additional information phylogenetic analysis, structure modeling, and rigid ligand docking of ACC deaminase, coenzyme-substrate docking, overview 720283 3.5.99.7 evolution phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic, phenotypic and genomic characterisation indicates that the detected strains belong to a distinct genus and species of the order Oceanospirillales for which the names Pokkaliibacter gen.nov., and Pokkaliibacter plantistimulans sp. nov., are proposed with L1E11 / DSM 28732 / MCC 2992 as the type strain. The isolate is found in association with plants grown in brackish environments and possesses plant growth promotion traits such asACC deaminase, siderophore production and phosphate solubilisation. The type species of the genus is Pokkaliibacter plantistimulans -, 758498 3.5.99.7 physiological function plant growth-promoting effects of Pseudomonas stutzeri wild-type strain A1501 and of A1815 mutant strain on rice plants, overview. Importance of the acdS gene for the plant growth-promoting effect -, 757414 3.5.99.7 additional information predicted secondary structure and structure homology modelling using the structure of Cyberlindnera saturnus (PDB ID 1f2d) as template 757505 3.5.99.7 additional information predicted secondary structure and structure homology modelling using the structure of Cyberlindnera saturnus (PDB ID 1j0d) as template -, 757505 3.5.99.7 additional information predicted secondary structure and structure homology modelling using the structure of Pseudomonas sp. ACP (PDB ID 1tzm) as template 757505 3.5.99.7 additional information predicted secondary structure and structure homology modelling using the structure of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium (PDB ID 4d92) as template -, 757505 3.5.99.7 physiological function recombinant expression of the exogenous 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase gene from Pseudomonas putida in psychrotolerant bacteria, i.e. acdS-deficient Flavobacterium sp. strain OR306 and Pseudomonas frederiksbergensis strain OS211, modulates ethylene metabolism and cold-induced genes in tomato under chilling stress. Physiologically evolved stress ethylene and its transcription factors play a role in regulation of cold-induced genes, e.g. LeCBF1 and LeCBF3 -, 758070 3.5.99.7 malfunction RNAi silencing of the ACCD gene in Trichoderma asperellum shows decreased ability of the mutants to promote root elongation of Brassica napus seedlings -, 712035 3.5.99.7 physiological function Sinorhizobium sp. BL3 forms symbiotic interactions with mung bean (Vigna radiata cv. SUT1) and contains lrpL-acdS genes, which encode the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase enzyme that cleaves ACC, a precursor of plant ethylene synthesis. Detection of ACC deaminase expression by RT-PCR of acdS, and ACC deaminase activity from nodules of mung bean (Vigna radiata cv. SUT1) on the 3rd, 5th, and 7th week after the inoculation with BL3, BL3+, and BL3-. Requirement of ACC deaminase activity in Sinorhizobium sp. BL3 for nodulation competitiveness in mung bean. ACC deaminase activities direct the changing of biochemical molecules 757612 3.5.99.7 malfunction Sinorhizobium sp. BL3-enhancing ACC deaminase activity (BL3+) and defective mutant (BL3-) strains are constructed, modulation competitiveness is weaker in BL3- than in the wild-type, but is stronger in BL3+. The inoculation of BL3- into mung bean results in less plant growth, a lower nodule dry weight, and smaller nodule number than those in the wild-type, whereas the inoculation of BL3+ has no marked effects 757612 3.5.99.7 physiological function the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase-expressing endophyte Pseudomonas migulae strain 8R6 increases Catharanthus roseus plant resistance to flavescence Doree phytoplasma infection. Flavescence doree is an epidemic yellows disease of grapevine, caused by a phytoplasma (FDP). Pseudomonas migulae strain 8R6 cells are found in the shoot, while they are completely absent or under the detection limit in leaves and roots. The bacterial strain 8R6, as well as its mutant lacking the ACC deaminase activity, does not promote the growth of either the infected or uninfected plants -, 757954 3.5.99.7 malfunction the acdS and lrpL double mutant strain Agrobacterium tumefaciens D3-1 has lost the ability to promote plant root elongation -, 719206 3.5.99.7 physiological function the phytostimulatory effects of the detetcted strain are checked on inoculated pokkali rice variety (Oryzsa sativa VTL-6) -, 758498 3.5.99.7 physiological function the phytostimulatory effects of the detetcted strain are checked on inoculated pokkali rice variety (Oryzsa sativa VTL-6). Initial treatment of VTL-6seeds with strain L1E11 does not have any negative effect on the seed germination. Increased root length and fresh weight in L1E11-treated seeds is observed as compared to non-treated pokkali seeds after 14 days of incubation. Strain L1E11 is able to promote rice growth. L1E11-treated rice plants are able to resist 200 mM NaCl stress better as compared to the uninoculated control plants. L1E11 can mediate growth and protect its host plant from saline stress by modulating the stress ethylene levels as like other ACCd producing plant beneficial rhizobacteria functions -, 758498 3.5.99.7 physiological function the presence of active ACC deaminase in Agrobacterium tumefaciens reduces ethylene levels produced by plant tissues during the process of infection and cocultivation, and significantly increases the transformation efficiency of three commercial Brassica napus cultivars (Westar, Hyola 401 and 4414RR). ACC deaminase has no effect on the growth of Agrobacterium tumefaciens during the cocultivation process -, 712036 3.5.99.7 physiological function the presence of active Pseudomonas putida UW4 ACC deaminase in Agrobacterium tumefaciens reduces ethylene levels produced by plant tissues during the process of infection and cocultivation, and significantly increases the transformation efficiency of three commercial Brassica napus cultivars (Westar, Hyola 401 and 4414RR). ACC deaminase has no effect on the growth of Agrobacterium tumefaciens during the cocultivation process -, 712036 3.5.99.7 physiological function the rhizosphere bacterium containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase increases growth and photosynthesis of pea (Pisum sativum cv. Alderman) plants under salt stress by limiting Na+ accumulation. When pea is grown with 70 and 130 mM NaCl, the ACC-deaminase containing rhizobacterium Variovorax paradoxus strain 5C-2 increases total biomass by 25 and 54% respectively. Nutrient flow modelling shows that Variovorax paradoxus strain 5C-2 increases K uptake and root to shoot K flow, but decreases Na flow and increases Na deposition in roots. Thus, shoot K+:Na+ ratio increases following Variovorax paradoxus 5C-2 inoculation. At 70 and 130 mM NaCl, rhizobacterial inoculation decreases stomatal resistance by 14 and 31%and decreases xylem balancing pressure by 7 and 21%, respectively. Furthermore, rhizobacterial inoculation improves photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm) by 12 and 19% and increases maximal electron transport rate (ETR) by 18 and 22% at 70 and 130 mM NaCl, respectively -, 756842 3.5.99.7 additional information using ACC deaminase-producing bacteria in association with plants subjected to a wide range of different kinds of biotic and abiotic stresses can enhance plant tolerance to the stresses -, 755818