3.4.21.B12	analysis	enzyme-specific sandwich-type immunoassay using a monoclonal antibody, detection limit is 0.02 microgram per liter, and less than 0.1% cross-reactivity with other human kallikreins	668285	
3.4.21.B12	diagnostics	four-kallikrein panel is a prostate screening test. An important proportion number of men presenting for biopsy falls outside the diagnostic grey zone, having a positive digital rectal exam or prostate-specific antigen 10-25 ng/ml. The four kallikrein panel has good discrimination in these men, and use of the panel reduces biopsy rates in this group of men by over 20%. The use of the panel in men with positive digital rectal exam or prostate-specific antigen 10-25 is justified	754526	
3.4.21.B12	diagnostics	the enzyme is a biomarker in triple-negative breast cancer	752888	
3.4.21.B12	medicine	enzyme might be useful as diagnostic marker in ovarian cancer	647332	
3.4.21.B12	medicine	expression of the various tissue kallikreins like KLK4 in the endometrium and conceptus during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy in the pig can serve in the activation of growth factors and tissue remodeling during the establishment of pregnancy	682813	
3.4.21.B12	medicine	K4 is not only expressed in prostate cancer cells, but also osteoblasts, in bone metastases. Thus, K4 may have proteolytic roles as a potential mediator of cellular interactions between prostate cancer and bone cells. Complex interactions may occur between prostate cancer and bone cells in the metastatic environment. Co-culture models are a crucial tool in evaluating cellular interactions	689848	
3.4.21.B12	medicine	kallikrein 4 quantification serves as an independent biomarker for the discrimination between the malignant and the benign nature of prostate tumors	718348	
3.4.21.B12	medicine	KLK-4 proteinase is essential for the final crystallite growth of enamel but is not critical for crystallite orientation, prism formation or enamel thickness	686543	
3.4.21.B12	medicine	KLK4 can serve as a potential therapeutic target in patients with oral cancer. Inhibition of KLK4 expression results in diminished invasive potential in OSCC cell lines	752500	
3.4.21.B12	medicine	KLK4 initiates Ca2+ mobilization via PAR-1 and PAR-2 but not via PAR-4. KLK4 has greater efficacy for initiating Ca2+ signalling via PAR-2 than PAR-1. Signals induced by KLK4 via PARs may be important in prostate cancer	687699	
3.4.21.B12	medicine	KLK4 is a proliferative factor with effects on cell cycle-related gene expression. It may have an important role in prostate cancer development and progression	685946	
3.4.21.B12	medicine	naturally occuring gene mutation G214A results in a truncated enzyme that lacks residue S207 of the catalytic triad. Mutation affects tooth enamel formation causing the enamel crystallites to grow incompletely in thickness or width but to normal length, i.e. autosomal recessive hypomaturation amelogenesis imperfecta	669814	
3.4.21.B12	medicine	no significant differences in enzyme protein content between healthy prostate tissue and malignant or benign prostate	668285	
3.4.21.B12	medicine	patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma, carcinoma cells expressed enzyme in 80% of effusions and 82% of solid tumors, levels are highest in effusions. Enzyme expression does not predict survival	667120	
3.4.21.B12	medicine	tumor-associated overexpression of tissue kallikreins contributes to ovarian cancer progression. OV-MZ-6 ovarian cancer cells simultaneously expressing K4-7 display similar proliferative capacity as the vector-transfected control cells, but show significantly increased invasive behavior. Simultaneous expression of K4-7 in OV-MZ-6 cells and inoculated into the peritoneum of nude mice, results in a remarkable 92% mean increase in tumor burden compared to control cell line	664273