4.6.1.18 alkanediyl-alpha,omega-bis(hydroxyethyl methyl hexadecyl ammonium bromide) the cationic gemini surfactants slightly activate and stabilize RNase A below their critical micelle concentrations at pH 5.0. The cationic gemini surfactant with the shorter spacer interacts more efficiently with RNase A than those with longer spacers, two-transition model, UV, circular dichorism and fluorescence spectroscopies, overview 729838 4.6.1.18 butanediyl-1,4-bis(hydroxyethyl methyl hexadecyl ammonium bromide) - 729838 4.6.1.18 Chloroquine at 0.13 mM 134522 4.6.1.18 hexanediyl-1,6-bis(hydroxyethyl methyl hexadecyl ammonium bromide) - 729838 4.6.1.18 KCl - 134536 4.6.1.18 NaCl - 134536, 134538, 134556 4.6.1.18 NaCl at 0.1-0.25 M 134538 4.6.1.18 pentanediyl-1,5-bis(hydroxyethyl methyl hexadecyl ammonium bromide) - 729838 4.6.1.18 Sodium citrate - 134536 4.6.1.18 sulfate decreases the distance between the catalytic His residues and increases the globular compactness 682695