1.1.1.82 acetone increases the activity of the oxidized truncated enzyme form, optimal concentration 15% 287392 1.1.1.82 carboxypeptidase Y incubation of the native oxidized enzyme at pH 6.0, 25°C, results in slow activation. A small carboxy-terminal peptide of the native enzyme is accessible to proteolytic degradation followed by activation of the inactive oxidized enzyme. This peptide is involved in the regulation of activity, tetramer formation and thioredoxin binding 287392 1.1.1.82 dithiothreitol activates 286653, 287384, 287392, 287393, 287410 1.1.1.82 dithiothreitol activation of the inactive oxidized enzyme 287419 1.1.1.82 DTT activates enzyme in free extracts 657015 1.1.1.82 guanidine can activate oxidized enzyme 287405 1.1.1.82 light NADP-MDH is a strictly redox-regulated, light-activated enzyme that is inactive in the dark 741200 1.1.1.82 methanol increases the activity of the oxidized truncated enzyme form, optimal concentration 8% 287392 1.1.1.82 additional information 3,4-dichlorophenyl-1,1-dimethylurea inhibits light activation 287402 1.1.1.82 additional information 3,4-dichlorophenyl-1,1-dimethylurea, up to 0.033 mM, strongly inhibits light activation 287398 1.1.1.82 additional information activation by light 287384, 287391, 287395, 287398, 287399, 287412, 287414, 287419, 287425 1.1.1.82 additional information activation by light results from the thioredoxin-mediated reduction of two disulfides, located, respectively, in N- and C-terminal sequence extensions typical of all NADP-dependent light-regulated enzyme forms. The activation is a result of the unobstruction of the active site by acquisition of an additional mobility of the C-terminal 15-residue stretch 287395 1.1.1.82 additional information in the absence of photosynthetic electron flow, the chloroplast enzyme exists in its disulfide-containing form which is inactive under physiological conditions. Upon interaction with reduced thioredoxin generated in the light, the active dithiol-containing enzyme is formed 287389 1.1.1.82 additional information in vivo activity of the enzyme is controlled by a balance between the light-actuated ferredoxin/thioredoxin system for activation and the dark-dependent, as yet unidentified oxidant required for deactivation 287404 1.1.1.82 additional information light effect mediator is a surface-exposed, tighly bound protein existing in the thylakoid membranes 287412 1.1.1.82 additional information light-mediated reversible activation 287419 1.1.1.82 additional information mechanism of light/dark regulation 287399 1.1.1.82 additional information noncyclic electron flow is required for activation of the enzyme 287398 1.1.1.82 additional information phlorizin, 0.33-1.7 mM slightly inhibits light activation 287398 1.1.1.82 additional information structural basis of light-dependent regulation 287423 1.1.1.82 additional information the enzyme is activated by light via a ferredoxin-thioredoxin reduction system which reduces disulfide bridges in the enzyme, structural basis for light activation 287414 1.1.1.82 additional information the enzyme is active in the light 657015 1.1.1.82 additional information thioredoxin-dependent reduction steps are involved in NADP-dependent malate dehydrogenase light activation 287421 1.1.1.82 reduced thioredoxin - 739249 1.1.1.82 thioredoxin activated by thiol/disulfide interchange with reduced thioredoxin 287422 1.1.1.82 thioredoxin activated by thioredoxin m that is reduced either photochemically with ferredoxin and ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase or chemically with dithiothreitol 287411 1.1.1.82 thioredoxin activates 287425, 287427 1.1.1.82 thioredoxin activation of the purified enzyme is strictly dependent on thioredoxin 670586 1.1.1.82 thioredoxin enzyme is activated by reduction of its N-terminal and C-terminal disulfides by reduced thioredoxin. The activation is inhibited by NADP+ 287424 1.1.1.82 thioredoxin immunolocalisation experiments suggest that both thioredoxins (f and m) are involved in activation of NADP-linked malate dehydrogenase in the pea leaf chloroplast 689663 1.1.1.82 thioredoxin reduced thioredoxins, TRXs, activate the NADP-dependent malate dehydrogenase 739249 1.1.1.82 thioredoxin strong activation 287397 1.1.1.82 thioredoxin the N-terminal disulfide formed between C24 and C29 has a more positive oxidation-reduction midpoint potential than the two other disulfides and is thus likely to be the preregulatory disulfide postulated to function in activating the enzyme 287425 1.1.1.82 thioredoxin thioredoxin-dependent reduction steps are involved in NADP-dependent malate dehydrogenase light activation 287421 1.1.1.82 thioredoxin thioredoxin/enzyme complex is an integral component of the thioredoxin mechanism responsible for the fine-tuning of the enzyme activity, the N-terminal 37 amino residues are involved in providing a specific thioredoxin binding-site 287427