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(-)-glycinol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-2761
(-)-maackiain biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-2464
(-)-medicarpin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-2463
(1'S,5'S)-averufin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5954
(1,3)-beta-D-xylan degradation
-
-
PWY-6789
(1,4)-beta-D-xylan degradation
-
-
PWY-6717
(3E)-4,8-dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5434
(3E)-4,8-dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-6007
(3R)-linalool biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7709
(3R)-N-[(2S)-1-hydroxy-6-[(3R)-3-isocyanobutanamido]hexan-2-yl]-3-isocyanobutanamide biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8320
(3S)-linalool biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7141
(4R)-carvone biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5928
(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosa-4,7,10,13,16-pentaenoate biosynthesis II (4-desaturase)
-
-
PWY-7728
(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosapentaenoate biosynthesis (6-desaturase)
-
-
PWY-7726
(5R)-carbapenem carboxylate biosynthesis
(5Z)-dodecenoate biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY0-862
(5Z)-dodecenoate biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-7858
(7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7590
(8E,10E)-dodeca-8,10-dienol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7654
(9Z)-tricosene biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7035
(aminomethyl)phosphonate degradation
-
-
PWY-7805
(E,E)-4,8,12-trimethyltrideca-1,3,7,11-tetraene biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6668
(R)- and (S)-3-hydroxybutanoate biosynthesis (engineered)
-
-
PWY-7216
(R)-cysteate degradation
-
-
PWY-6642
(S)-lactate fermentation to propanoate, acetate and hydrogen
-
-
PWY-8086
(S)-propane-1,2-diol degradation
-
-
PWY-7013
(S)-reticuline biosynthesis
-
-
(S)-reticuline biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-3581
(S)-reticuline biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-6133
(Z)-butanethial-S-oxide biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6900
(Z)-phenylmethanethial S-oxide biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6539
1,2-dichloroethane degradation
-
-
12DICHLORETHDEG-PWY
1,2-propanediol biosynthesis from lactate (engineered)
-
-
PWY-7541
1,3-beta-D-glucan biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6773
1,3-propanediol biosynthesis (engineered)
-
-
PWY-7385
1,4-dihydroxy-6-naphthoate biosynthesis
-
-
1,4-dihydroxy-6-naphthoate biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-7371
1,5-anhydrofructose degradation
-
-
PWY-6992
1-butanol autotrophic biosynthesis (engineered)
-
-
PWY-6886
1-methylpyrrolinium biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5315
10-cis-heptadecenoyl-CoA degradation (yeast)
-
-
PWY-7337
10-trans-heptadecenoyl-CoA degradation (MFE-dependent, yeast)
-
-
PWY-7339
10-trans-heptadecenoyl-CoA degradation (reductase-dependent, yeast)
-
-
PWY-7338
11-oxyandrogens biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8202
15-epi-lipoxin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY66-393
1D-myo-inositol hexakisphosphate biosynthesis I (from Ins(1,4,5)P3)
-
-
PWY-6361
1D-myo-inositol hexakisphosphate biosynthesis II (mammalian)
-
-
PWY-6362
1D-myo-inositol hexakisphosphate biosynthesis III (Spirodela polyrrhiza)
-
-
PWY-4661
1D-myo-inositol hexakisphosphate biosynthesis IV (Dictyostelium)
-
-
PWY-6372
1D-myo-inositol hexakisphosphate biosynthesis V (from Ins(1,3,4)P3)
-
-
PWY-6554
2'-deoxymugineic acid phytosiderophore biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5912
2,3-cis-flavanols biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6035
2,3-dihydroxybenzoate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5901
2,3-trans-flavanols biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6029
2,4-dinitrotoluene degradation
-
-
PWY-5642
2-amino-3-carboxymuconate semialdehyde degradation to glutaryl-CoA
-
-
PWY-5652
2-amino-3-hydroxycyclopent-2-enone biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7536
2-arachidonoylglycerol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8052
2-carboxy-1,4-naphthoquinol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5837
2-deoxy-D-glucose 6-phosphate degradation
-
-
PWY-8121
2-deoxy-D-ribose degradation II
-
-
PWY-8058
2-methyl-branched fatty acid beta-oxidation
-
-
PWY-8181
2-methylcitrate cycle I
-
-
PWY0-42
2-methylcitrate cycle II
-
-
PWY-5747
2-methylpropene degradation
-
-
PWY-7778
2-nitrotoluene degradation
-
-
PWY-5641
2-O-alpha-mannosyl-D-glycerate degradation
-
-
PWY0-1300
2-oxobutanoate degradation I
-
-
PWY-5130
2-oxobutanoate degradation II
-
-
2OXOBUTYRATECAT-PWY
2-oxoglutarate decarboxylation to succinyl-CoA
-
-
PWY-5084
2-oxoisovalerate decarboxylation to isobutanoyl-CoA
-
-
PWY-5046
24-epi-campesterol, fucosterol, and clionasterol biosynthesis (diatoms)
-
-
PWY-8238
3,5-dimethoxytoluene biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7076
3,8-divinyl-chlorophyllide a biosynthesis I (aerobic, light-dependent)
-
-
CHLOROPHYLL-SYN
3,8-divinyl-chlorophyllide a biosynthesis II (anaerobic)
-
-
PWY-5531
3,8-divinyl-chlorophyllide a biosynthesis III (aerobic, light independent)
-
-
PWY-7159
3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5886
3-dehydroquinate biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6164
3-dehydroquinate biosynthesis II (archaea)
-
-
PWY-6160
3-hydroxypropanoate cycle
-
-
PWY-5743
3-hydroxypropanoate/4-hydroxybutanate cycle
-
-
PWY-5789
3-methyl-branched fatty acid alpha-oxidation
-
-
PWY66-387
3-methylarginine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6511
3-methylbutanol biosynthesis (engineered)
-
-
PWY-6871
3-methylthiopropanoate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5389
3-phenylpropanoate degradation
-
-
P281-PWY
3-phenylpropionate degradation
-
-
3-phosphoinositide biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6352
3-phosphoinositide degradation
-
-
PWY-6368
4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6890
4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-7282
4-aminobenzoate biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6543
4-aminobenzoate biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-8276
4-aminobutanoate degradation I
-
-
PWY-6535
4-aminobutanoate degradation II
-
-
PWY-6537
4-aminobutanoate degradation III
-
-
PWY-6536
4-aminobutanoate degradation IV
-
-
PWY-6473
4-aminobutanoate degradation V
-
-
PWY-5022
4-coumarate degradation (aerobic)
-
-
PWY-8002
4-coumarate degradation (anaerobic)
-
-
PWY-7046
4-ethylphenol degradation (anaerobic)
-
-
PWY-6080
4-hydroxy-2(1H)-quinolone biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6661
4-hydroxy-2-nonenal detoxification
-
-
PWY-7112
4-hydroxy-3-prenylbenzoate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7303
4-hydroxybenzoate biosynthesis I (eukaryotes)
-
-
PWY-5754
4-hydroxybenzoate biosynthesis II (bacteria)
-
-
PWY-5755
4-hydroxybenzoate biosynthesis III (plants)
-
-
PWY-6435
4-hydroxyindole-3-carbonyl nitrile biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8024
4-hydroxymandelate degradation
4-oxopentanoate degradation
-
-
PWY-7948
5'-deoxyadenosine degradation I
-
-
PWY-8130
5'-deoxyadenosine degradation II
-
-
PWY-8131
5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole biosynthesis I (aerobic)
-
-
PWY-5523
5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6121
5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-6122
5-deoxystrigol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7101
5-oxo-L-proline metabolism
-
-
PWY-7942
6-gingerol analog biosynthesis (engineered)
-
-
PWY-6920
6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin diphosphate biosynthesis
-
-
6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin diphosphate biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6147
6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin diphosphate biosynthesis II (Methanocaldococcus)
-
-
PWY-6797
6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin diphosphate biosynthesis III (Chlamydia)
-
-
PWY-7539
6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin diphosphate biosynthesis IV (Plasmodium)
-
-
PWY-7852
6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin diphosphate biosynthesis V (Pyrococcus)
-
-
PWY-7853
7-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)-wyosine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7286
7-dehydroporiferasterol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7155
8-amino-7-oxononanoate biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6519
8-amino-7-oxononanoate biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-7147
8-amino-7-oxononanoate biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-6578
8-amino-7-oxononanoate biosynthesis IV
-
-
PWY-8203
8-oxo-(d)GTP detoxification I
-
-
PWY-6502
9-cis, 11-trans-octadecadienoyl-CoA degradation (isomerase-dependent, yeast)
-
-
PWY-7340
9-lipoxygenase and 9-allene oxide synthase pathway
-
-
PWY-5407
9-lipoxygenase and 9-hydroperoxide lyase pathway
-
-
PWY-5408
ABH and Lewis epitopes biosynthesis from type 1 precursor disaccharide
-
-
PWY-7832
ABH and Lewis epitopes biosynthesis from type 2 precursor disaccharide
-
-
PWY-7831
abietic acid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5411
abscisic acid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-695
abscisic acid degradation by glucosylation
-
-
PWY-5272
Ac/N-end rule pathway
-
-
PWY-7800
Acarbose and validamycin biosynthesis
-
-
acetaldehyde biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6333
acetaldehyde biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-6330
acetate and ATP formation from acetyl-CoA III
-
-
PWY-8328
acetate conversion to acetyl-CoA
-
-
PWY0-1313
acetoacetate degradation (to acetyl CoA)
-
-
ACETOACETATE-DEG-PWY
acetone degradation I (to methylglyoxal)
-
-
PWY-5451
acetone degradation III (to propane-1,2-diol)
-
-
PWY-7466
acetyl CoA biosynthesis
-
-
acetyl-CoA biosynthesis from citrate
-
-
PWY-5172
acetyl-CoA fermentation to butanoate
-
-
PWY-5676
acetylene degradation (anaerobic)
-
-
P161-PWY
acridone alkaloid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5958
acrylate degradation I
-
-
PWY-6373
acrylonitrile degradation I
-
-
PWY-7308
acrylonitrile degradation II
-
-
PWY-7309
acyl carrier protein activation
-
-
PWY-6012-1
acyl carrier protein metabolism
-
-
PWY-6012
acyl-CoA hydrolysis
-
-
PWY-5148
acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] thioesterase pathway
-
-
PWY-5142
adenine and adenosine salvage I
-
-
P121-PWY
adenine and adenosine salvage II
-
-
PWY-6605
adenine and adenosine salvage III
-
-
PWY-6609
adenine and adenosine salvage V
-
-
PWY-6611
adenine and adenosine salvage VI
-
-
PWY-6619
adenine salvage
-
-
PWY-6610
adenosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-7227
adenosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-7220
adenosine nucleotides degradation I
-
-
PWY-6596
adenosine nucleotides degradation II
-
-
SALVADEHYPOX-PWY
adenosine ribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7219
adipate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8347
adlupulone and adhumulone biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7857
aerobic respiration I (cytochrome c)
-
-
PWY-3781
aerobic respiration II (cytochrome c) (yeast)
-
-
PWY-7279
aerobic respiration III (alternative oxidase pathway)
-
-
PWY-4302
aerobic toluene degradation
-
-
Aflatoxin biosynthesis
-
-
aflatoxin biosynthesis
-
-
ajmaline and sarpagine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5301
alanine racemization
-
-
PWY-8072
Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
-
-
aldoxime degradation
-
-
P345-PWY
aliphatic glucosinolate biosynthesis, side chain elongation cycle
-
-
PWYQT-4450
alkane biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-7032
alkane biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-7033
alkane oxidation
-
-
PWY-2724
alkylnitronates degradation
-
-
PWY-723
all-trans-farnesol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6859
allantoin degradation
-
-
allantoin degradation to glyoxylate I
-
-
PWY-5694
allantoin degradation to glyoxylate II
-
-
PWY-5692
allantoin degradation to glyoxylate III
-
-
PWY-5705
allantoin degradation to ureidoglycolate I (urea producing)
-
-
PWY-5697
allantoin degradation to ureidoglycolate II (ammonia producing)
-
-
PWY-5698
alliin metabolism
-
-
PWY-5706
allopregnanolone biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7455
alpha-amyrin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5377
alpha-carotene biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5946
alpha-linolenate biosynthesis I (plants and red algae)
-
-
PWY-5997
alpha-linolenate biosynthesis II (cyanobacteria)
-
-
PWY-7598
alpha-linolenate metabolites biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8398
alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism
-
-
alpha-tomatine degradation
-
-
PWY18C3-5
Amaryllidacea alkaloids biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7826
Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism
-
-
Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis
-
-
Aminobenzoate degradation
-
-
aminopropanol phosphate biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-7378
aminopropylcadaverine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY0-1303
ammonia assimilation cycle I
-
-
PWY-6963
ammonia assimilation cycle II
-
-
PWY-6964
ammonia assimilation cycle III
-
-
AMMASSIM-PWY
ammonia oxidation II (anaerobic)
-
-
P303-PWY
amygdalin and prunasin degradation
-
-
PWY-6011
anaerobic aromatic compound degradation (Thauera aromatica)
-
-
BENZCOA-PWY
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol)
-
-
PWY-7383
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, mitochondrial)
-
-
PWY-7384
anandamide biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-8051
anandamide biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-8053
anandamide degradation
-
-
PWY6666-1
anandamide lipoxygenation
-
-
PWY-8056
androgen and estrogen metabolism
-
-
androgen biosynthesis
-
-
PWY66-378
androstenedione degradation I (aerobic)
-
-
PWY-6944
androstenedione degradation II (anaerobic)
-
-
PWY-8152
ansatrienin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8040
anteiso-branched-chain fatty acid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8173
anthocyanidin acylglucoside and acylsambubioside biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7679
anthocyanidin modification (Arabidopsis)
-
-
PWY-7450
anthocyanidin sambubioside biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7678
anthocyanin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5125
Anthocyanin biosynthesis
-
-
anthocyanin biosynthesis (delphinidin 3-O-glucoside)
-
-
PWY-5153
anthocyanin biosynthesis (pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside)
-
-
PWY-7267
apigenin glycosides biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6010
apratoxin A biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8361
arachidonate biosynthesis
-
-
arachidonate biosynthesis I (6-desaturase, lower eukaryotes)
-
-
PWY-5353
arachidonate biosynthesis III (6-desaturase, mammals)
-
-
PWY-7592
arachidonate biosynthesis IV (8-detaturase, lower eukaryotes)
-
-
PWY-7601
arachidonate biosynthesis V (8-detaturase, mammals)
-
-
PWY-7725
arachidonate metabolites biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8397
Arachidonic acid metabolism
-
-
arachidonic acid metabolism
-
-
Arg/N-end rule pathway (eukaryotic)
-
-
PWY-7799
Arginine and proline metabolism
-
-
Arginine biosynthesis
-
-
arginine dependent acid resistance
-
-
PWY0-1299
aromatic glucosinolate activation
-
-
PWY-6684
aromatic biogenic amine degradation (bacteria)
-
-
PWY-7431
aromatic polyketides biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6316
arsenate detoxification I
-
-
PWY-8264
arsenate detoxification III
-
-
PWY-8263
arsenate reduction (respiratory)
-
-
PWY-4601
arsenic detoxification (mammals)
-
-
PWY-4202
arsenic detoxification (plants)
-
-
PWY-8259
arsenic detoxification (yeast)
-
-
PWY-4621
arsenite to oxygen electron transfer
-
-
PWY-4521
arsenite to oxygen electron transfer (via azurin)
-
-
PWY-7429
arsonoacetate degradation
-
-
P482-PWY
artemisinin and arteannuin B biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5195
Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism
-
-
ascorbate glutathione cycle
-
-
PWY-2261
ascorbate recycling (cytosolic)
-
-
PWY-6370
aspartate and asparagine metabolism
-
-
aspirin triggered resolvin D biosynthesis
-
-
PWY66-395
aspirin triggered resolvin E biosynthesis
-
-
PWY66-394
assimilatory sulfate reduction I
-
-
SO4ASSIM-PWY
assimilatory sulfate reduction II
-
-
SULFMETII-PWY
assimilatory sulfate reduction III
-
-
PWY-6683
assimilatory sulfate reduction IV
-
-
PWY1ZNC-1
astaxanthin biosynthesis (bacteria, fungi, algae)
-
-
PWY-5288
ATP biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7980
atrazine degradation I (aerobic)
-
-
P141-PWY
atrazine degradation III
-
-
PWY-5731
atromentin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7518
autoinducer AI-2 biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6153
autoinducer AI-2 biosynthesis II (Vibrio)
-
-
PWY-6154
avenacin A-1 biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7473
avenanthramide biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8157
bacilysin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7626
backdoor pathway of androgen biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8200
bacterial bioluminescence
-
-
PWY-7723
bacteriochlorophyll a biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5526
bacteriochlorophyll c biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7759
bacteriochlorophyll d biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7758
bacteriochlorophyll e biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7760
baicalein degradation (hydrogen peroxide detoxification)
-
-
PWY-7214
baruol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6008
benzoate biosynthesis I (CoA-dependent, beta-oxidative)
-
-
PWY-6443
benzoate biosynthesis II (CoA-independent, non-beta-oxidative)
-
-
PWY-6444
benzoate biosynthesis III (CoA-dependent, non-beta-oxidative)
-
-
PWY-6446
benzoate degradation II (aerobic and anaerobic)
-
-
PWY-283
Benzoxazinoid biosynthesis
-
-
benzoxazinoid glucosides biosynthesis
-
-
benzoyl-CoA biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6458
benzoyl-CoA degradation I (aerobic)
-
-
PWY-1361
benzoylanthranilate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6323
berberine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-3901
beta-(1,4)-mannan degradation
-
-
PWY-7456
beta-1,4-D-mannosyl-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine degradation
-
-
PWY-7586
beta-alanine biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-3981
beta-alanine biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-3941
beta-alanine biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-5155
beta-alanine biosynthesis IV
-
-
PWY-5760
beta-alanine degradation II
-
-
PWY-1781
beta-Alanine metabolism
-
-
beta-carboline biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5877
beta-carotene biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5943
beta-caryophyllene biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6275
beta-D-glucuronide and D-glucuronate degradation
-
-
PWY-7247
Betalain biosynthesis
-
-
betanidin degradation
-
-
PWY-5461
betaxanthin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5426
betaxanthin biosynthesis (via dopamine)
-
-
PWY-5403
Bifidobacterium shunt
-
-
P124-PWY
bile acid 7alpha-dehydroxylation
-
-
PWY-7754
bile acid biosynthesis, neutral pathway
biochanin A conjugates interconversion
-
-
PWY-2861
Biosynthesis of 12-, 14- and 16-membered macrolides
-
-
Biosynthesis of ansamycins
-
-
Biosynthesis of enediyne antibiotics
-
-
biosynthesis of Lewis epitopes (H. pylori)
-
-
PWY-7833
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites
-
-
Biosynthesis of siderophore group nonribosomal peptides
-
-
Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids
-
-
Biosynthesis of vancomycin group antibiotics
-
-
Biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites - part 1
-
-
Biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites - part 2
-
-
Biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites - part 3
-
-
biotin biosynthesis from 8-amino-7-oxononanoate I
-
-
PWY0-1507
biotin biosynthesis from 8-amino-7-oxononanoate II
-
-
PWY-7380
biotin-carboxyl carrier protein assembly
-
-
PWY0-1264
biphenyl degradation
-
-
PWY5F9-12
bis(guanylyl molybdopterin) cofactor sulfurylation
-
-
PWY-8164
bis(tungstenpterin) cofactor biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8167
bisabolene biosynthesis (engineered)
-
-
PWY-7102
bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5472
Bisphenol degradation
-
-
bisucaberin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6381
botryococcenes and methylated squalene biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6105
brassicicene C biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7517
brassinolide biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-699
brassinolide biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-2582
Brassinosteroid biosynthesis
-
-
bryostatin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8047
bupropion degradation
-
-
PWY66-241
butachlor degradation
-
-
PWY-7771
butanoate fermentation
-
-
butanol and isobutanol biosynthesis (engineered)
-
-
PWY-7396
C20 prostanoid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY66-374
C25,25 CDP-archaeol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8365
C4 and CAM-carbon fixation
-
-
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type
-
-
PWY-7115
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NADP-ME type
-
-
PWY-241
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type
-
-
PWY-7117
C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism
-
-
cadaverine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY0-1601
caffeine biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5037
caffeine biosynthesis II (via paraxanthine)
-
-
PWY-5038
caffeine degradation III (bacteria, via demethylation)
-
-
PWY-6538
caffeoylglucarate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6673
calonectrin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7711
Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle
-
-
CALVIN-PWY
camalexin biosynthesis
-
-
CAMALEXIN-SYN
canavanine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5
canavanine degradation
-
-
PWY-31
candicidin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6722
cannabinoid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5140
Caprolactam degradation
-
-
capsaicin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5710
capsiconiate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6027
Carbapenem biosynthesis
-
-
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms
-
-
Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes
-
-
carbon tetrachloride degradation II
-
-
PWY-5372
cardenolide glucosides biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6036
cardiolipin and phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis (Xanthomonas)
-
-
PWY-7509
cardiolipin biosynthesis
-
-
cardiolipin biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5668
cardiolipin biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-5269
cardiolipin biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY0-1545
carnosate bioynthesis
-
-
PWY-7680
Carotenoid biosynthesis
-
-
carotenoid biosynthesis
-
-
carotenoid cleavage
-
-
PWY-6806
casbene biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6304
catechol degradation to 2-hydroxypentadienoate I
-
-
P183-PWY
catechol degradation to 2-hydroxypentadienoate II
-
-
PWY-5419
catecholamine biosynthesis
CDP-6-deoxy-D-gulose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8139
CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis
-
-
CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5667
CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY0-1319
CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-5981
cell-surface glycoconjugate-linked phosphocholine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7886
cellulose and hemicellulose degradation (cellulolosome)
-
-
PWY-6784
cellulose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-1001
cellulose degradation
-
-
cellulose degradation II (fungi)
-
-
PWY-6788
ceramide and sphingolipid recycling and degradation (yeast)
-
-
PWY-7119
ceramide biosynthesis
-
-
ceramide de novo biosynthesis
-
-
PWY3DJ-12
ceramide degradation (generic)
-
-
PWY-6483
ceramide degradation by alpha-oxidation
-
-
PWY66-388
chelerythrine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7507
chitin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6981
chitin deacetylation
-
-
PWY-7118
chitin degradation I (archaea)
-
-
PWY-6855
chitin degradation II (Vibrio)
-
-
PWY-6902
chitin degradation III (Serratia)
-
-
PWY-7822
chitin derivatives degradation
-
-
PWY-6906
chloramphenicol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8032
Chloroalkane and chloroalkene degradation
-
-
chlorobactene biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7939
Chlorocyclohexane and chlorobenzene degradation
-
-
chlorogenic acid biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6039
chlorogenic acid biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-6040
chlorogenic acid degradation
-
-
PWY-6781
chlorophyll a biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5086
chlorophyll a biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-5064
chlorophyll a biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-7764
chlorophyll a degradation I
-
-
PWY-5098
chlorophyll a degradation II
-
-
PWY-6927
chlorophyll a degradation III
-
-
PWY-7164
chlorophyll a2 biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8126
chlorophyll b2 biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8127
chlorophyll cycle
-
-
PWY-5068
chlorophyll metabolism
-
-
chlorosalicylate degradation
-
-
PWY-6107
chlorpyrifos degradation
-
-
PWY-8065
cholesterol biosynthesis
-
-
cholesterol biosynthesis (algae, late side-chain reductase)
-
-
PWY-8191
cholesterol biosynthesis (diatoms)
-
-
PWY-8239
cholesterol biosynthesis (plants, early side-chain reductase)
-
-
PWY18C3-1
cholesterol biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY66-341
cholesterol biosynthesis II (via 24,25-dihydrolanosterol)
-
-
PWY66-3
cholesterol biosynthesis III (via desmosterol)
-
-
PWY66-4
cholesterol degradation to androstenedione I (cholesterol oxidase)
-
-
PWY-6945
cholesterol degradation to androstenedione II (cholesterol dehydrogenase)
-
-
PWY-6946
choline biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-3385
choline biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-3561
choline degradation I
-
-
CHOLINE-BETAINE-ANA-PWY
choline degradation IV
-
-
PWY-7494
chorismate biosynthesis from 3-dehydroquinate
-
-
PWY-6163
chorismate metabolism
-
-
chrysin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5363
chrysoeriol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6232
cichoriin interconversion
-
-
PWY-7057
cinnamoyl-CoA biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6457
cis-geranyl-CoA degradation
-
-
PWY-6672
cis-vaccenate biosynthesis
cis-zeatin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-2781
Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
-
-
CMP phosphorylation
-
-
PWY-7205
CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-1269
CMP-8-amino-3,8-dideoxy-D-manno-octulosonate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7674
CMP-legionaminate biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6749
CO2 fixation in Crenarchaeota
-
-
CO2 fixation into oxaloacetate (anaplerotic)
-
-
PWYQT-4429
coenzyme A biosynthesis I (bacteria)
-
-
COA-PWY
coenzyme A biosynthesis II (eukaryotic)
-
-
PWY-7851
coenzyme A biosynthesis III (archaea)
-
-
PWY-8342
coenzyme A metabolism
-
-
coenzyme B biosynthesis
-
-
P241-PWY
coenzyme M biosynthesis
-
-
coenzyme M biosynthesis I
-
-
P261-PWY
coenzyme M biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-6643
colanic acid building blocks biosynthesis
-
-
COLANSYN-PWY
colupulone and cohumulone biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5133
complex N-linked glycan biosynthesis (plants)
-
-
PWY-7920
complex N-linked glycan biosynthesis (vertebrates)
-
-
PWY-7426
coniferin metabolism
-
-
PWY-116
coptisine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8030
coumarin biosynthesis (via 2-coumarate)
-
-
PWY-5176
coumarins biosynthesis (engineered)
-
-
PWY-7398
coumestrol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6332
creatine phosphate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6158
cremeomycin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8296
crepenynate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6013
crotonate fermentation (to acetate and cyclohexane carboxylate)
-
-
PWY-7401
crotonyl-CoA/ethylmalonyl-CoA/hydroxybutyryl-CoA cycle (engineered)
-
-
PWY-7854
curacin A biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8358
curcuminoid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6432
cuticular wax biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-282
cutin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-321
Cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis
-
-
cyanide degradation
-
-
P401-PWY
cyanide detoxification I
-
-
ASPSYNII-PWY
cyanide detoxification II
-
-
PWY-7142
cyanidin diglucoside biosynthesis (acyl-glucose dependent)
-
-
PWY-7256
Cyanoamino acid metabolism
-
-
cyanophycin metabolism
-
-
PWY-7052
cyclic electron flow
-
-
PWY-8270
cycloartenol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8028
Cysteine and methionine metabolism
-
-
cytidylyl molybdenum cofactor sulfurylation
-
-
PWY-8165
cytochrome c biogenesis (system I type)
-
-
PWY-8147
cytochrome c biogenesis (system II type)
-
-
PWY-8146
cytochrome c biogenesis (system III type)
-
-
PWY-8145
cytokinin-O-glucosides biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-2902
cytosolic NADPH production (yeast)
-
-
PWY-7268
D-Amino acid metabolism
-
-
D-arabinitol degradation I
-
-
DARABITOLUTIL-PWY
D-arabinose degradation II
-
-
DARABCATK12-PWY
D-cycloserine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7274
D-galactarate degradation I
-
-
GALACTARDEG-PWY
D-galactonate degradation
-
-
GALACTCAT-PWY
D-galactose degradation I (Leloir pathway)
-
-
PWY-6317
D-galactose degradation II
-
-
GALDEG-PWY
D-galactose detoxification
-
-
PWY-3821
D-galacturonate degradation II
-
-
PWY-6486
D-galacturonate degradation III
-
-
PWY-8391
D-galacturonate degradation IV
-
-
PWY-6491
D-glucarate degradation I
-
-
GLUCARDEG-PWY
D-glucuronate degradation II
-
-
PWY-6501
D-glucuronate degradation III
-
-
PWY-8390
D-lactate to cytochrome bo oxidase electron transfer
-
-
PWY0-1565
d-mannose degradation
-
-
D-mannose degradation I
-
-
MANNCAT-PWY
D-mannose degradation II
-
-
PWY3O-1743
D-myo-inositol (1,3,4)-trisphosphate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6364
D-myo-inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6351
D-myo-inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate degradation
-
-
PWY-6363
D-myo-inositol (1,4,5,6)-tetrakisphosphate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6366
D-myo-inositol (3,4,5,6)-tetrakisphosphate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6365
D-myo-inositol-5-phosphate metabolism
-
-
PWY-6367
D-phenylglycine degradation
-
-
PWY-8161
D-serine degradation
-
-
PWY0-1535
D-sorbitol biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5054
D-sorbitol degradation I
-
-
PWY-4101
D-sorbitol degradation II
-
-
SORBDEG-PWY
D-xylose degradation I
-
-
XYLCAT-PWY
D-xylose degradation IV
-
-
PWY-7294
D-xylose degradation to ethylene glycol (engineered)
-
-
PWY-7178
daidzein conjugates interconversion
-
-
PWY-2343
daphnetin modification
-
-
PWY-7055
daphnin interconversion
-
-
PWY-7056
degradation of aromatic, nitrogen containing compounds
-
-
degradation of hexoses
-
-
degradation of pentoses
-
-
degradation of sugar acids
-
-
degradation of sugar alcohols
-
-
dehydro-D-arabinono-1,4-lactone biosynthesis
-
-
PWY3O-6
dehydroabietic acid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5421
dehydroscoulerine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6337
delphinidin diglucoside biosynthesis (acyl-glucose dependent)
-
-
PWY-7260
desferrioxamine B biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6376
desferrioxamine E biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6375
detoxification of reactive carbonyls in chloroplasts
-
-
PWY-6786
dhurrin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-861
dhurrin degradation
-
-
PWY-5976
di-homo-gamma-linolenate metabolites biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8396
di-myo-inositol phosphate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6664
di-trans,poly-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5785
diacylglycerol and triacylglycerol biosynthesis
-
-
TRIGLSYN-PWY
diacylglycerol biosynthesis (PUFA enrichment in oilseed)
-
-
PWY-6804
DIBOA-glucoside biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6949
diethylphosphate degradation
-
-
PWY-5491
digitoxigenin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6032
DIMBOA-glucoside biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6950
dimethyl sulfide biosynthesis from methionine
-
-
PWY-7793
dimethyl sulfide degradation I
-
-
PWY-6047
dimethylsulfoniopropanoate biosynthesis I (Wollastonia)
-
-
PWY-6054
dimethylsulfoniopropanoate biosynthesis II (Spartina)
-
-
PWY-6055
dimethylsulfoniopropanoate biosynthesis III (algae and phytoplankton)
-
-
PWY-6053
dimethylsulfoniopropanoate degradation I (cleavage)
-
-
PWY-6046
dimorphecolate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5368
diphenyl ethers degradation
-
-
PWY-7747
dipicolinate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8088
diploterol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6098
dissimilatory sulfate reduction I (to hydrogen sufide))
-
-
DISSULFRED-PWY
diterpene phytoalexins precursors biosynthesis
Diterpenoid biosynthesis
-
-
divinyl ether biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5406
divinyl ether biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-5409
docosahexaenoate biosynthesis I (lower eukaryotes)
-
-
PWY-7053
docosahexaenoate biosynthesis III (6-desaturase, mammals)
-
-
PWY-7606
docosahexaenoate biosynthesis IV (4-desaturase, mammals)
-
-
PWY-7727
docosahexaenoate metabolites biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8400
dolabralexins biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7994
dolichol and dolichyl phosphate biosynthesis
dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide biosynthesis
-
-
dopamine degradation
-
-
PWY6666-2
drosopterin and aurodrosopterin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7442
Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450
-
-
Drug metabolism - other enzymes
-
-
dTDP-3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-glucose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7318
dTDP-3-acetamido-alpha-D-fucose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6953
dTDP-4-O-demethyl-beta-L-noviose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7301
dTDP-6-deoxy-alpha-D-allose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7413
dTDP-alpha-D-forosamine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6808
dTDP-alpha-D-mycaminose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7414
dTDP-alpha-D-olivose, dTDP-alpha-D-oliose and dTDP-alpha-D-mycarose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6973
dTDP-alpha-D-ravidosamine and dTDP-4-acetyl-alpha-D-ravidosamine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7688
dTDP-beta-D-fucofuranose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7312
dTDP-beta-L-4-epi-vancosamine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7440
dTDP-beta-L-digitoxose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7657
dTDP-beta-L-megosamine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7104
dTDP-beta-L-mycarose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6976
dTDP-beta-L-olivose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6974
dTDP-beta-L-rhamnose biosynthesis
-
-
DTDPRHAMSYN-PWY
dTDP-D-desosamine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6942
dTDP-L-daunosamine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7814
dTDP-N-acetylthomosamine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7315
dTDP-N-acetylviosamine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7316
dTDP-sibirosamine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8380
dTDPLrhamnose biosynthesis
-
-
dTMP de novo biosynthesis (mitochondrial)
-
-
PWY66-385
dZTP biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8289
echinatin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6325
ectoine biosynthesis
-
-
P101-PWY
ent-kaurene biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5032
enterobactin biosynthesis
Entner Doudoroff pathway
-
-
Entner-Doudoroff pathway I
-
-
PWY-8004
Entner-Doudoroff pathway II (non-phosphorylative)
-
-
NPGLUCAT-PWY
Entner-Doudoroff pathway III (semi-phosphorylative)
-
-
PWY-2221
Entner-Doudoroff shunt
-
-
ENTNER-DOUDOROFF-PWY
ephedrine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5883
epiberberine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8031
epoxysqualene biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5670
ergosterol biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6075
ergosterol biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-7154
ergothioneine biosynthesis I (bacteria)
-
-
PWY-7255
erythritol biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-8372
erythritol biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-8373
erythro-tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5663
erythromycin D biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7106
Escherichia coli serotype O:127 O antigen biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8231
Escherichia coli serotype O:86 O antigen biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7290
esculetin modification
-
-
PWY-7058
ethanol degradation I
-
-
ETOH-ACETYLCOA-ANA-PWY
ethanol degradation II
-
-
PWY66-21
ethanol degradation III
-
-
PWY66-161
ethanol degradation IV
-
-
PWY66-162
ethanolamine utilization
-
-
PWY0-1477
ethene biosynthesis I (plants)
-
-
ETHYL-PWY
ethene biosynthesis II (microbes)
-
-
PWY-6853
ethene biosynthesis III (microbes)
-
-
PWY-6854
ethene biosynthesis IV (engineered)
-
-
PWY-7126
ethene biosynthesis V (engineered)
-
-
PWY-7124
Ether lipid metabolism
-
-
ethiin metabolism
-
-
PWY-5708
Ethylbenzene degradation
-
-
ethylbenzene degradation (anaerobic)
-
-
PWY-481
ethylene glycol degradation
-
-
PWY0-1280
ethylmalonyl-CoA pathway
-
-
PWY-5741
eumelanin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6498
even iso-branched-chain fatty acid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8175
extended VTC2 cycle
-
-
PWY4FS-13
farnesene biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5725
farnesylcysteine salvage pathway
-
-
PWY-6577
fatty acid alpha-oxidation I (plants)
-
-
PWY-2501
fatty acid beta-oxidation I (generic)
-
-
FAO-PWY
fatty acid beta-oxidation II (plant peroxisome)
-
-
PWY-5136
fatty acid beta-oxidation III (unsaturated, odd number)
-
-
PWY-5137
fatty acid beta-oxidation IV (unsaturated, even number)
-
-
PWY-5138
fatty acid beta-oxidation V (unsaturated, odd number, di-isomerase-dependent)
-
-
PWY-6837
fatty acid beta-oxidation VI (mammalian peroxisome)
-
-
PWY66-391
fatty acid beta-oxidation VII (yeast peroxisome)
-
-
PWY-7288
Fatty acid biosynthesis
-
-
fatty acid biosynthesis initiation (mitochondria)
-
-
PWY66-429
fatty acid biosynthesis initiation (plant mitochondria)
-
-
PWY-6799
fatty acid biosynthesis initiation (type I)
-
-
PWY-5966-1
fatty acid biosynthesis initiation (type II)
-
-
PWY-4381
Fatty acid degradation
-
-
Fatty acid elongation
-
-
fatty acid elongation -- saturated
-
-
FASYN-ELONG-PWY
fatty acid salvage
-
-
PWY-7094
Fe(II) oxidation
-
-
PWY-6692
felinine and 3-methyl-3-sulfanylbutan-1-ol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8001
FeMo cofactor biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7710
fenchol biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-6445
ferrichrome A biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7571
ferulate and sinapate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5168
firefly bioluminescence
-
-
PWY-7913
flavin biosynthesis I (bacteria and plants)
-
-
RIBOSYN2-PWY
flavin biosynthesis II (archaea)
-
-
PWY-6167
flavin biosynthesis III (fungi)
-
-
PWY-6168
flavin salvage
-
-
PWY66-366
Flavone and flavonol biosynthesis
-
-
flavonoid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY1F-FLAVSYN
Flavonoid biosynthesis
-
-
flavonoid biosynthesis (in equisetum)
-
-
PWY-6787
flavonoid di-C-glucosylation
-
-
PWY-7897
flavonol acylglucoside biosynthesis I - kaempferol derivatives
-
-
PWY-7168
flavonol acylglucoside biosynthesis III - quercetin derivatives
-
-
PWY-7172
flavonol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-3101
flexixanthin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7947
fluoroacetate and fluorothreonine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6644
fluoroacetate degradation
-
-
PWY-6646
Fluorobenzoate degradation
-
-
folate transformations I
-
-
PWY-2201
folate transformations II (plants)
-
-
PWY-3841
folate transformations III (E. coli)
-
-
1CMET2-PWY
formaldehyde assimilation I (serine pathway)
-
-
PWY-1622
formaldehyde assimilation II (assimilatory RuMP Cycle)
-
-
PWY-1861
formaldehyde assimilation III (dihydroxyacetone cycle)
-
-
P185-PWY
formaldehyde oxidation
-
-
formaldehyde oxidation I
-
-
RUMP-PWY
formaldehyde oxidation II (glutathione-dependent)
-
-
PWY-1801
formaldehyde oxidation IV (thiol-independent)
-
-
FORMASS-PWY
formaldehyde oxidation VII (THF pathway)
-
-
PWY-7909
formate assimilation into 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate
-
-
PWY-1722
formate oxidation to CO2
-
-
PWY-1881
formate to dimethyl sulfoxide electron transfer
-
-
PWY0-1356
formate to nitrite electron transfer
-
-
PWY0-1585
formononetin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-2321
formononetin conjugates interconversion
-
-
PWY-2904
free phenylpropanoid acid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-2181
fructan biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-822
fructan degradation
-
-
PWY-862
fructose 2,6-bisphosphate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY66-423
Fructose and mannose metabolism
-
-
fusicoccin A biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6659
GABA shunt I
-
-
GLUDEG-I-PWY
GABA shunt II
-
-
PWY-8346
gala-series glycosphingolipids biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7840
galactolipid biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-401
galactolipid biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-7666
gallate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6707
gallate degradation III (anaerobic)
-
-
P3-PWY
gamma-glutamyl cycle
-
-
PWY-4041
gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane degradation
-
-
GAMMAHEXCHLORDEG-PWY
gamma-linolenate biosynthesis II (animals)
-
-
PWY-6000
ganglio-series glycosphingolipids biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7836
GDP-6-deoxy-D-talose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5738
GDP-alpha-D-glucose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5661
GDP-D-perosamine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5739
GDP-D-rhamnose biosynthesis
-
-
GDPRHAMSYN-PWY
GDP-L-colitose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5740
GDP-L-fucose biosynthesis I (from GDP-D-mannose)
-
-
PWY-66
GDP-L-fucose biosynthesis II (from L-fucose)
-
-
PWY-6
GDP-L-galactose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5115
GDP-mannose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5659
GDP-mycosamine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7573
GDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-perosamine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8225
GDP-N-formyl-alpha-D-perosamine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY2B4Q-2
genistein conjugates interconversion
-
-
PWY-2345
gentiodelphin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5307
geosmin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5950
geraniol and geranial biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5829
geraniol biosynthesis (cytosol)
-
-
PWY-8176
geranyl diphosphate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5122
geranylgeranyl diphosphate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5120
gibberellin biosynthesis III (early C-13 hydroxylation)
-
-
PWY-5035
gibberellin inactivation I (2beta-hydroxylation)
-
-
PWY-102
gibberellin inactivation II (methylation)
-
-
PWY-6477
ginsenoside metabolism
-
-
ginsenosides biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5672
gliotoxin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7533
globo-series glycosphingolipids biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7838
glucocorticoid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY66-381
gluconeogenesis I
-
-
GLUCONEO-PWY
gluconeogenesis II (Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum)
-
-
PWY-6142
gluconeogenesis III
-
-
PWY66-399
glucose and glucose-1-phosphate degradation
-
-
GLUCOSE1PMETAB-PWY
glucose degradation (oxidative)
-
-
DHGLUCONATE-PYR-CAT-PWY
glucosinolate activation
-
-
PWY-5267
Glucosinolate biosynthesis
-
-
glucosinolate biosynthesis from dihomomethionine
-
-
PWYQT-4471
glucosinolate biosynthesis from hexahomomethionine
-
-
PWYQT-4475
glucosinolate biosynthesis from homomethionine
-
-
PWY-1187
glucosinolate biosynthesis from pentahomomethionine
-
-
PWYQT-4474
glucosinolate biosynthesis from phenylalanine
-
-
PWY-2821
glucosinolate biosynthesis from tetrahomomethionine
-
-
PWYQT-4473
glucosinolate biosynthesis from trihomomethionine
-
-
PWYQT-4472
glucosinolate biosynthesis from tryptophan
-
-
PWY-601
glucosinolate biosynthesis from tyrosine
-
-
PWY-7901
glucosylglycerol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7902
glutamate and glutamine metabolism
-
-
glutamate removal from folates
-
-
PWY-2161B
glutaminyl-tRNAgln biosynthesis via transamidation
-
-
PWY-5921
glutaryl-CoA degradation
-
-
PWY-5177
glutathione biosynthesis
-
-
GLUTATHIONESYN-PWY
glutathione degradation (DUG pathway)
-
-
PWY-7559
Glutathione metabolism
-
-
glutathione metabolism
-
-
glutathione-mediated detoxification I
-
-
PWY-4061
glutathione-mediated detoxification II
-
-
PWY-6842
glutathione-peroxide redox reactions
-
-
PWY-4081
glycerol degradation I
-
-
PWY-4261
glycerol degradation II
-
-
PWY-6131
glycerol degradation to butanol
-
-
PWY-7003
glycerol degradation V
-
-
GLYCEROLMETAB-PWY
glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle
-
-
PWY-6118
glycerol-3-phosphate to cytochrome bo oxidase electron transfer
-
-
PWY0-1561
glycerol-3-phosphate to fumarate electron transfer
-
-
PWY0-1582
glycerol-3-phosphate to hydrogen peroxide electron transport
-
-
PWY0-1591
Glycerolipid metabolism
-
-
glycerophosphodiester degradation
-
-
PWY-6952
Glycerophospholipid metabolism
-
-
glycine betaine biosynthesis
-
-
glycine betaine biosynthesis I (Gram-negative bacteria)
-
-
BETSYN-PWY
glycine betaine biosynthesis II (Gram-positive bacteria)
-
-
PWY-3722
glycine betaine biosynthesis III (plants)
-
-
PWY1F-353
glycine betaine degradation I
-
-
PWY-3661
glycine betaine degradation II (mammalian)
-
-
PWY-3661-1
glycine betaine degradation III
-
-
PWY-8325
glycine biosynthesis I
-
-
GLYSYN-PWY
glycine biosynthesis II
-
-
GLYCINE-SYN2-PWY
glycine biosynthesis III
-
-
GLYSYN-ALA-PWY
glycine biosynthesis IV
-
-
GLYSYN-THR-PWY
glycine cleavage
-
-
GLYCLEAV-PWY
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
-
-
glycogen biosynthesis
-
-
glycogen biosynthesis I (from ADP-D-Glucose)
-
-
GLYCOGENSYNTH-PWY
glycogen biosynthesis II (from UDP-D-Glucose)
-
-
PWY-5067
glycogen biosynthesis III (from alpha-maltose 1-phosphate)
-
-
PWY-7900
glycogen degradation I
-
-
GLYCOCAT-PWY
glycogen degradation II
-
-
PWY-5941
glycolate and glyoxylate degradation
-
-
glycolate and glyoxylate degradation I
-
-
GLYCOLATEMET-PWY
glycolate and glyoxylate degradation II
-
-
GLYOXDEG-PWY
glycolate and glyoxylate degradation III
-
-
PWY-6649
glycolipid desaturation
-
-
PWY-782
Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
-
-
glycolysis I (from glucose 6-phosphate)
-
-
GLYCOLYSIS
glycolysis II (from fructose 6-phosphate)
-
-
PWY-5484
glycolysis III (from glucose)
-
-
ANAGLYCOLYSIS-PWY
glycolysis IV
-
-
PWY-1042
glycolysis V (Pyrococcus)
-
-
P341-PWY
Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - chondroitin sulfate / dermatan sulfate
-
-
Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - heparan sulfate / heparin
-
-
Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - keratan sulfate
-
-
Glycosaminoglycan degradation
-
-
glycosaminoglycan-protein linkage region biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6557
Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - ganglio series
-
-
Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - globo and isoglobo series
-
-
Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - lacto and neolacto series
-
-
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis
-
-
glycyrrhetinate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7066
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
-
-
glyoxylate assimilation
-
-
PWY-5744
glyoxylate cycle
-
-
GLYOXYLATE-BYPASS
glyphosate degradation I
-
-
PWY-7804
glyphosate degradation III
-
-
PWY-7807
gondoate biosynthesis (anaerobic)
-
-
PWY-7663
gossypol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5773
grixazone biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7153
guaiacol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY18C3-23
guanine and guanosine salvage I
-
-
PWY-6620
guanine and guanosine salvage II
-
-
PWY-6599
guanosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-7226
guanosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-7222
guanosine nucleotides degradation I
-
-
PWY-6607
guanosine nucleotides degradation II
-
-
PWY-6606
guanosine nucleotides degradation III
-
-
PWY-6608
guanosine ribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7221
H. pylori 26695 O-antigen biosynthesis
-
-
PWY2DNV-5
heme b biosynthesis I (aerobic)
-
-
HEME-BIOSYNTHESIS-II
heme b biosynthesis II (oxygen-independent)
-
-
HEMESYN2-PWY
heme b biosynthesis V (aerobic)
-
-
HEME-BIOSYNTHESIS-II-1
heme degradation I
-
-
PWY-5874
heme degradation II
-
-
PWY-7845
heptadecane biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6622
hesperitin glycoside biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5105
heterolactic fermentation
-
-
P122-PWY
histamine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6173
histamine degradation
-
-
PWY-6181
homocysteine and cysteine interconversion
-
-
PWY-801
homogalacturonan biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-1061
homoglutathione biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6840
homospermidine biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5907
homospermidine biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-8149
hopanoid biosynthesis (bacteria)
-
-
PWY-7072
hordatine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6448
hydrogen oxidation I (aerobic)
-
-
P283-PWY
hydrogen sulfide biosynthesis II (mammalian)
-
-
PWY66-426
hydrogen to dimethyl sulfoxide electron transfer
-
-
PWY0-1577
hydrogen to fumarate electron transfer
-
-
PWY0-1576
hydroxycinnamate sugar acid ester biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7461
hydroxycinnamic acid serotonin amides biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5473
hydroxycinnamic acid tyramine amides biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5474
hydroxylated fatty acid biosynthesis (plants)
-
-
PWY-6433
hydroxymethylpyrimidine salvage
-
-
PWY-6910
hypoglycin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5826
hypotaurine degradation
-
-
PWY-7387
hypusine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5905
i antigen and I antigen biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7837
icosapentaenoate biosynthesis I (lower eukaryotes)
-
-
PWY-6958
icosapentaenoate biosynthesis II (6-desaturase, mammals)
-
-
PWY-7049
icosapentaenoate biosynthesis III (8-desaturase, mammals)
-
-
PWY-7724
icosapentaenoate biosynthesis V (8-desaturase, lower eukaryotes)
-
-
PWY-7602
icosapentaenoate biosynthesis VI (fungi)
-
-
PWY-6940
icosapentaenoate metabolites biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8399
incomplete reductive TCA cycle
-
-
P42-PWY
Indole alkaloid biosynthesis
-
-
indole glucosinolate activation (herbivore attack)
-
-
PWYQT-4476
indole glucosinolate activation (intact plant cell)
-
-
PWYQT-4477
indole-3-acetate biosynthesis I
-
-
PWYDQC-4
indole-3-acetate biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-581
indole-3-acetate biosynthesis III (bacteria)
-
-
PWY-3161
indole-3-acetate biosynthesis IV (bacteria)
-
-
PWY-5025
indole-3-acetate biosynthesis V (bacteria and fungi)
-
-
PWY-5026
indole-3-acetate biosynthesis VI (bacteria)
-
-
TRPIAACAT-PWY
indole-3-acetate degradation II
-
-
PWY-8087
indolmycin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7770
inosine 5'-phosphate degradation
-
-
PWY-5695
inosine-5'-phosphate biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6123
inosine-5'-phosphate biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-6124
inosine-5'-phosphate biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-7234
inositol diphosphates biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6369
Inositol phosphate metabolism
-
-
Insect hormone biosynthesis
-
-
inulin degradation
-
-
PWY-8314
ipsdienol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7410
iron reduction and absorption
-
-
PWY-5934
Isoflavonoid biosynthesis
-
-
isoflavonoid biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-2002
isoflavonoid biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-2083
isoleucine metabolism
-
-
isopimaric acid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5422
isoprene biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6270
isoprene biosynthesis II (engineered)
-
-
PWY-7391
isoprenoid biosynthesis
-
-
isopropanol biosynthesis (engineered)
-
-
PWY-6876
Isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis
-
-
isorenieratene biosynthesis I (actinobacteria)
-
-
PWY-7938
jadomycin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6679
jasmonic acid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-735
jasmonoyl-amino acid conjugates biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6220
jasmonoyl-amino acid conjugates biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-6233
jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine inactivation
-
-
PWY-7859
juniperonate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7619
justicidin B biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6824
juvenile hormone III biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6575
kaempferol gentiobioside biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7143
kaempferol glycoside biosynthesis (Arabidopsis)
-
-
PWY-5320
kaempferol triglucoside biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5348
kauralexin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6887
Kdo transfer to lipid IVA (Brucella)
-
-
PWY2B4Q-6
Kdo transfer to lipid IVA (E. coli)
-
-
KDOSYN-PWY
Kdo transfer to lipid IVA (generic)
-
-
PWY-8284
Kdo transfer to lipid IVA (H. pylori)
-
-
PWY2DNV-1
Kdo transfer to lipid IVA (Haemophilus)
-
-
PWY-7675
Kdo transfer to lipid IVA (P. gingivalis)
-
-
PWY-8246
Kdo transfer to lipid IVA (P. putida)
-
-
PWY-8074
Kdo transfer to lipid IVA (Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 El Tor)
-
-
PWY-8284-1
ketogenesis
-
-
PWY66-367
L-alanine biosynthesis I
-
-
ALANINE-VALINESYN-PWY
L-alanine biosynthesis II
-
-
ALANINE-SYN2-PWY
L-alanine biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY0-1021
L-alanine degradation I
-
-
ALADEG-PWY
L-alanine degradation II (to D-lactate)
-
-
ALACAT2-PWY
L-alanine degradation III
-
-
ALANINE-DEG3-PWY
L-alanine degradation IV
-
-
PWY1-2
L-alanine degradation V (oxidative Stickland reaction)
-
-
PWY-8189
L-alanine degradation VI (reductive Stickland reaction)
-
-
PWY-8188
L-arabinose degradation IV
-
-
PWY-7295
L-arginine biosynthesis I (via L-ornithine)
-
-
ARGSYN-PWY
L-arginine biosynthesis II (acetyl cycle)
-
-
ARGSYNBSUB-PWY
L-arginine biosynthesis III (via N-acetyl-L-citrulline)
-
-
PWY-5154
L-arginine biosynthesis IV (archaea)
-
-
PWY-7400
L-arginine degradation I (arginase pathway)
-
-
ARGASEDEG-PWY
L-arginine degradation II (AST pathway)
-
-
AST-PWY
L-arginine degradation III (arginine decarboxylase/agmatinase pathway)
-
-
PWY0-823
L-arginine degradation IV (arginine decarboxylase/agmatine deiminase pathway)
-
-
ARGDEG-III-PWY
L-arginine degradation V (arginine deiminase pathway)
-
-
ARGDEGRAD-PWY
L-arginine degradation VI (arginase 2 pathway)
-
-
ARG-PRO-PWY
L-arginine degradation VII (arginase 3 pathway)
-
-
ARG-GLU-PWY
L-arginine degradation X (arginine monooxygenase pathway)
-
-
ARGDEG-V-PWY
L-arginine degradation XIII (reductive Stickland reaction)
-
-
PWY-8187
L-arginine degradation XIV (oxidative Stickland reaction)
-
-
PWY-6344
L-ascorbate biosynthesis I (plants, L-galactose pathway)
-
-
PWY-882
L-ascorbate biosynthesis II (plants, L-gulose pathway)
-
-
PWY4FS-11
L-ascorbate biosynthesis IV (animals, D-glucuronate pathway)
-
-
PWY3DJ-35471
L-ascorbate biosynthesis V (euglena, D-galacturonate pathway)
-
-
PWY-6415
L-ascorbate biosynthesis VI (plants, myo-inositol pathway)
-
-
PWY-8142
L-ascorbate biosynthesis VII (plants, D-galacturonate pathway)
-
-
PWY-8143
L-ascorbate biosynthesis VIII (engineered pathway)
-
-
PWY-7165
L-ascorbate degradation II (bacterial, aerobic)
-
-
PWY-6961
L-ascorbate degradation III
-
-
PWY-6960
L-asparagine biosynthesis I
-
-
ASPARAGINE-BIOSYNTHESIS
L-asparagine biosynthesis II
-
-
ASPARAGINESYN-PWY
L-asparagine biosynthesis III (tRNA-dependent)
-
-
PWY490-4
L-asparagine degradation I
-
-
ASPARAGINE-DEG1-PWY
L-asparagine degradation II
-
-
PWY-4002
L-asparagine degradation III (mammalian)
-
-
ASPARAGINE-DEG1-PWY-1
L-aspartate biosynthesis
-
-
ASPARTATESYN-PWY
L-aspartate degradation I
-
-
ASPARTATE-DEG1-PWY
L-aspartate degradation II (aerobic)
-
-
PWY-8291
L-aspartate degradation III (anaerobic)
-
-
PWY-8294
L-carnitine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6100
L-carnitine degradation II
-
-
PWY-3641
L-citrulline biosynthesis
-
-
CITRULBIO-PWY
L-citrulline degradation
-
-
CITRULLINE-DEG-PWY
L-cysteine biosynthesis I
-
-
CYSTSYN-PWY
L-cysteine biosynthesis III (from L-homocysteine)
-
-
HOMOCYSDEGR-PWY
L-cysteine biosynthesis IX (Trichomonas vaginalis)
-
-
PWY-8010
L-cysteine biosynthesis VI (reverse transsulfuration)
-
-
PWY-I9
L-cysteine biosynthesis VII (from S-sulfo-L-cysteine)
-
-
PWY-7870
L-cysteine degradation I
-
-
CYSTEINE-DEG-PWY
L-cysteine degradation II
-
-
LCYSDEG-PWY
L-cysteine degradation III
-
-
PWY-5329
L-dopa and L-dopachrome biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6481
L-dopa degradation I (mammalian)
-
-
PWY-6334
L-dopa degradation II (bacterial)
-
-
PWY-8110
L-glutamate biosynthesis I
-
-
GLUTSYN-PWY
L-glutamate biosynthesis II
-
-
GLUTAMATE-SYN2-PWY
L-glutamate biosynthesis IV
-
-
GLUGLNSYN-PWY
L-glutamate biosynthesis V
-
-
PWY-4341
L-glutamate degradation I
-
-
GLUTAMATE-DEG1-PWY
L-glutamate degradation II
-
-
GLUTDEG-PWY
L-glutamate degradation IX (via 4-aminobutanoate)
-
-
PWY0-1305
L-glutamate degradation V (via hydroxyglutarate)
-
-
P162-PWY
L-glutamate degradation VI (to pyruvate)
-
-
PWY-5087
L-glutamate degradation X
-
-
PWY-5766
L-glutamate degradation XI (reductive Stickland reaction)
-
-
PWY-8190
L-glutamine biosynthesis I
-
-
GLNSYN-PWY
L-glutamine degradation I
-
-
GLUTAMINDEG-PWY
L-glutamine degradation II
-
-
GLUTAMINEFUM-PWY
L-histidine biosynthesis
-
-
HISTSYN-PWY
L-histidine degradation I
-
-
HISDEG-PWY
L-histidine degradation II
-
-
PWY-5028
L-histidine degradation III
-
-
PWY-5030
L-histidine degradation V
-
-
PWY-5031
L-histidine degradation VI
-
-
HISHP-PWY
L-homocysteine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5344
L-homomethionine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-1186
L-homoserine biosynthesis
-
-
HOMOSERSYN-PWY
L-isoleucine biosynthesis I (from threonine)
-
-
ILEUSYN-PWY
L-isoleucine biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-5101
L-isoleucine biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-5103
L-isoleucine biosynthesis IV
-
-
PWY-5104
L-isoleucine biosynthesis V
-
-
PWY-5108
L-isoleucine degradation I
-
-
ILEUDEG-PWY
L-isoleucine degradation II
-
-
PWY-5078
L-isoleucine degradation III (oxidative Stickland reaction)
-
-
PWY-8184
L-lactaldehyde degradation
-
-
L-leucine biosynthesis
-
-
LEUSYN-PWY
L-leucine degradation I
-
-
LEU-DEG2-PWY
L-leucine degradation III
-
-
PWY-5076
L-leucine degradation IV (reductive Stickland reaction)
-
-
PWY-7767
L-leucine degradation V (oxidative Stickland reaction)
-
-
PWY-8185
L-lysine biosynthesis I
-
-
DAPLYSINESYN-PWY
L-lysine biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-2941
L-lysine biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-2942
L-lysine biosynthesis IV
-
-
LYSINE-AMINOAD-PWY
L-lysine biosynthesis V
-
-
PWY-3081
L-lysine biosynthesis VI
-
-
PWY-5097
L-lysine degradation I
-
-
PWY0-461
L-lysine degradation II (L-pipecolate pathway)
-
-
PWY66-425
L-lysine degradation V
-
-
PWY-5283
L-lysine degradation X
-
-
PWY-6328
L-lysine degradation XI
-
-
LYSINE-DEG1-PWY
L-lysine fermentation to acetate and butanoate
-
-
P163-PWY
L-malate degradation II
-
-
PWY-7686
L-methionine biosynthesis I
-
-
HOMOSER-METSYN-PWY
L-methionine biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-702
L-methionine biosynthesis III
-
-
HSERMETANA-PWY
L-methionine biosynthesis IV
-
-
PWY-7977
L-methionine degradation I (to L-homocysteine)
-
-
METHIONINE-DEG1-PWY
L-methionine degradation II
-
-
PWY-701
L-methionine degradation III
-
-
PWY-5082
L-methionine salvage cycle II (plants)
-
-
PWY-7270
L-methionine salvage from L-homocysteine
-
-
ADENOSYLHOMOCYSCAT-PWY
L-Ndelta-acetylornithine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6922
L-nicotianamine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5957
L-ornithine biosynthesis I
-
-
GLUTORN-PWY
L-ornithine biosynthesis II
-
-
ARGININE-SYN4-PWY
L-ornithine degradation I (L-proline biosynthesis)
-
-
ORN-AMINOPENTANOATE-CAT-PWY
L-phenylalanine biosynthesis I
-
-
PHESYN
L-phenylalanine biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-3462
L-phenylalanine biosynthesis III (cytosolic, plants)
-
-
PWY-7432
L-phenylalanine degradation I (aerobic)
-
-
PHENYLALANINE-DEG1-PWY
L-phenylalanine degradation II (anaerobic)
-
-
ANAPHENOXI-PWY
L-phenylalanine degradation III
-
-
PWY-5079
L-phenylalanine degradation IV (mammalian, via side chain)
-
-
PWY-6318
L-phenylalanine degradation V
-
-
PWY-7158
L-phenylalanine degradation VI (reductive Stickland reaction)
-
-
PWY-8014
L-proline biosynthesis I (from L-glutamate)
-
-
PROSYN-PWY
L-proline biosynthesis II (from arginine)
-
-
PWY-4981
L-proline biosynthesis III (from L-ornithine)
-
-
PWY-3341
L-proline degradation I
-
-
PROUT-PWY
L-selenocysteine biosynthesis I (bacteria)
-
-
PWY0-901
L-selenocysteine biosynthesis II (archaea and eukaryotes)
-
-
PWY-6281
L-serine biosynthesis I
-
-
SERSYN-PWY
L-serine biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-8011
L-serine degradation
-
-
SERDEG-PWY
L-sorbose degradation
-
-
P302-PWY
L-threonine biosynthesis
-
-
HOMOSER-THRESYN-PWY
L-threonine degradation I
-
-
PWY-5437
L-threonine degradation II
-
-
THREONINE-DEG2-PWY
L-threonine degradation III (to methylglyoxal)
-
-
THRDLCTCAT-PWY
L-threonine degradation IV
-
-
PWY-5436
L-threonine degradation V
-
-
PWY66-428
L-tryptophan biosynthesis
-
-
TRPSYN-PWY
L-tryptophan degradation II (via pyruvate)
-
-
TRYPDEG-PWY
L-tryptophan degradation IV (via indole-3-lactate)
-
-
TRPKYNCAT-PWY
L-tryptophan degradation V (side chain pathway)
-
-
PWY-3162
L-tryptophan degradation VI (via tryptamine)
-
-
PWY-3181
L-tryptophan degradation VIII (to tryptophol)
-
-
PWY-5081
L-tryptophan degradation X (mammalian, via tryptamine)
-
-
PWY-6307
L-tryptophan degradation XIII (reductive Stickland reaction)
-
-
PWY-8017
L-tyrosine biosynthesis I
-
-
TYRSYN
L-tyrosine biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-3461
L-tyrosine biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-6120
L-tyrosine biosynthesis IV
-
-
PWY-6134
L-tyrosine degradation I
-
-
TYRFUMCAT-PWY
L-tyrosine degradation II
-
-
PWY-5151
L-tyrosine degradation III
-
-
PWY3O-4108
L-tyrosine degradation IV (to 4-methylphenol)
-
-
PWY-7514
L-tyrosine degradation V (reductive Stickland reaction)
-
-
PWY-8016
L-valine biosynthesis
-
-
VALSYN-PWY
L-valine degradation I
-
-
VALDEG-PWY
L-valine degradation II
-
-
PWY-5057
L-valine degradation III (oxidative Stickland reaction)
-
-
PWY-8183
lacinilene C biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5828
lactate fermentation to acetate, CO2 and hydrogen (Desulfovibrionales)
-
-
PWY-8377
lacto-series glycosphingolipids biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7839
lactucaxanthin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5175
lanosterol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6132
leucodelphinidin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5152
leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY1F-823
leukotriene biosynthesis
-
-
PWY66-375
levopimaric acid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5412
Limonene and pinene degradation
-
-
limonene degradation IV (anaerobic)
-
-
PWY-8029
linalool biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-7182
linamarin degradation
-
-
PWY-3121
linezolid resistance
-
-
PWY-6828
linoleate biosynthesis I (plants)
-
-
PWY-5995
linoleate biosynthesis II (animals)
-
-
PWY-6001
linoleate metabolites biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8395
Linoleic acid metabolism
-
-
linustatin bioactivation
-
-
PWY-7091
lipid A-core biosynthesis (E. coli K-12)
-
-
LIPA-CORESYN-PWY
lipid IVA biosynthesis (2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxy-D-glucopyranose-containing)
-
-
PWY2B4Q-4
lipid IVA biosynthesis (E. coli)
-
-
NAGLIPASYN-PWY
lipid IVA biosynthesis (generic)
-
-
PWY-8283
lipid IVA biosynthesis (H. pylori)
-
-
PWYI-14
lipid IVA biosynthesis (P. gingivalis)
-
-
PWY-8245
lipid IVA biosynthesis (P. putida)
-
-
PWY-8073
lipid IVA biosynthesis (Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 El Tor)
-
-
PWY2G6Z-2
lipoate biosynthesis and incorporation I
-
-
PWY0-501
lipoate biosynthesis and incorporation II
-
-
PWY0-1275
lipoate biosynthesis and incorporation III (Bacillus)
-
-
PWY-6987
lipoate biosynthesis and incorporation IV (yeast)
-
-
PWY-7382
lipoate biosynthesis and incorporation V (mammals)
-
-
PWY0-501-1
Lipoic acid metabolism
-
-
Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis
-
-
lipoxin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY66-392
long chain fatty acid ester synthesis (engineered)
-
-
PWY-6873
long-chain fatty acid activation
-
-
PWY-5143
lotaustralin degradation
-
-
PWY-6002
lupanine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5468
lupeol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-112
lupulone and humulone biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5132
lutein biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5947
luteolin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5060
luteolin glycosides biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6239
luteolin triglucuronide degradation
-
-
PWY-7445
lychnose and isolychnose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6524
maackiain conjugates interconversion
-
-
PWY-2701
macrolide antibiotic biosynthesis
-
-
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
MALATE-ASPARTATE-SHUTTLE-PWY
mandelate degradation I
-
-
PWY-1501
manganese oxidation I
-
-
PWY-6591
mangrove triterpenoid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6109
mannitol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-3881
mannitol cycle
-
-
PWY-6531
mannitol degradation I
-
-
MANNIDEG-PWY
mannitol degradation II
-
-
PWY-3861
maresin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8356
marneral biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6005
matairesinol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5466
medicarpin conjugates interconversion
-
-
PWY-2561
melatonin degradation I
-
-
PWY-6398
melatonin degradation II
-
-
PWY-6399
melibiose degradation
-
-
PWY0-1301
menthol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-3061
metabolism of amino sugars and derivatives
-
-
metabolism of disaccharids
-
-
Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450
-
-
Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum biosynthetic metabolism
-
-
PWY-6146
methanofuran biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5254
methanogenesis from methanol
-
-
CO2FORM-PWY
methanol oxidation to carbon dioxide
-
-
PWY-7616
methanol oxidation to formaldehyde II
-
-
PWY-6510
methanol oxidation to formaldehyde IV
-
-
PWY-5506
methiin metabolism
-
-
PWY-7614
methionine metabolism
-
-
methyl indole-3-acetate interconversion
-
-
PWY-6303
methyl ketone biosynthesis (engineered)
-
-
PWY-7007
methyl parathion degradation
-
-
PWY-5489
methyl phomopsenoate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7721
methyl tert-butyl ether degradation
-
-
PWY-7779
methyl-coenzyme M reduction to methane
-
-
METHFORM-PWY
methylerythritol phosphate pathway I
-
-
NONMEVIPP-PWY
methylerythritol phosphate pathway II
-
-
PWY-7560
methylgallate degradation
-
-
METHYLGALLATE-DEGRADATION-PWY
methylglyoxal degradation
-
-
methylglyoxal degradation I
-
-
PWY-5386
methylglyoxal degradation V
-
-
PWY-5458
methylglyoxal degradation VI
-
-
MGLDLCTANA-PWY
methylglyoxal degradation VIII
-
-
PWY-5386-1
methylhalides biosynthesis (plants)
-
-
PWY-6730
methylquercetin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6064
methylsalicylate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY18C3-22
methylsalicylate degradation
-
-
PWY-6184, PWY18C3-24
methylwyosine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7285
methymycin, neomethymycin and novamethymycin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7422
mevalonate degradation
-
-
PWY-5074
mevalonate metabolism
-
-
mevalonate pathway I (eukaryotes and bacteria)
-
-
PWY-922
mevalonate pathway II (haloarchaea)
-
-
PWY-6174
mevalonate pathway III (Thermoplasma)
-
-
PWY-7524
mevalonate pathway IV (archaea)
-
-
PWY-8125
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments
-
-
mineralocorticoid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY66-382
mitochondrial NADPH production (yeast)
-
-
PWY-7269
mixed acid fermentation
-
-
FERMENTATION-PWY
molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis
molybdenum cofactor sulfulylation (eukaryotes)
-
-
PWY-5963
molybdopterin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6823
mono-trans, poly-cis decaprenyl phosphate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6383
monoacylglycerol metabolism (yeast)
-
-
PWY-7420
Monobactam biosynthesis
-
-
monoterpene biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-3041
Monoterpenoid biosynthesis
-
-
mRNA capping I
-
-
PWY-7375
mRNA capping II
-
-
PWY-7379
mucin core 1 and core 2 O-glycosylation
-
-
PWY-7433
mucin core 3 and core 4 O-glycosylation
-
-
PWY-7435
Mucin type O-glycan biosynthesis
-
-
mupirocin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8012
mycobacterial sulfolipid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7746
mycobactin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY185E-1
mycolate biosynthesis
-
-
PWYG-321
mycolyl-arabinogalactan-peptidoglycan complex biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6397
mycothiol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY1G-0
myo-inositol biosynthesis
myricetin gentiobioside biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7140
myxol-2' fucoside biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6279
N-3-oxalyl-L-2,3-diaminopropanoate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8071
N-acetylglucosamine degradation I
-
-
GLUAMCAT-PWY
N-acetylglucosamine degradation II
-
-
PWY-6517
N-acetylneuraminate and N-acetylmannosamine degradation I
-
-
PWY0-1324
N-acetylneuraminate and N-acetylmannosamine degradation II
-
-
PWY-7581
N-Glycan biosynthesis
-
-
N-methylpyrrolidone degradation
-
-
PWY-7978
NAD biosynthesis from 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate semialdehyde
-
-
PWY-5653
NAD biosynthesis from nicotinamide
-
-
NAD-BIOSYNTHESIS-III
NAD de novo biosynthesis I
-
-
PYRIDNUCSYN-PWY
NAD de novo biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-8352
NAD de novo biosynthesis IV (anaerobic)
-
-
PWY-8277
NAD phosphorylation and dephosphorylation
-
-
NADPHOS-DEPHOS-PWY
NAD phosphorylation and transhydrogenation
-
-
NADPHOS-DEPHOS-PWY-1
NAD salvage (plants)
-
-
PWY-5381
NAD salvage pathway I (PNC VI cycle)
-
-
PYRIDNUCSAL-PWY
NAD salvage pathway II (PNC IV cycle)
-
-
PWY-7761
NAD salvage pathway III (to nicotinamide riboside)
-
-
NAD-BIOSYNTHESIS-II
NAD salvage pathway IV (from nicotinamide riboside)
-
-
PWY3O-4106
NAD salvage pathway V (PNC V cycle)
-
-
PWY3O-4107
NAD(P)/NADPH interconversion
-
-
PWY-5083
NADH repair (eukaryotes)
-
-
PWY-6938
NADH repair (prokaryotes)
-
-
PWY-6938-1
NADH to cytochrome bd oxidase electron transfer I
-
-
PWY0-1334
NADH to cytochrome bo oxidase electron transfer I
-
-
PWY0-1335
NADH to cytochrome bo oxidase electron transfer II
-
-
PWY0-1567
NADH to dimethyl sulfoxide electron transfer
-
-
PWY0-1348
NADH to fumarate electron transfer
-
-
PWY0-1336
NADP biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8148
NADPH repair (eukaryotes)
-
-
PWY-8137
NADPH repair (prokaryotes)
-
-
PWY-8136
NADPH to cytochrome c oxidase via plastocyanin
-
-
PWY-8271
Naphthalene degradation
-
-
naphthalene degradation (aerobic)
-
-
PWY-5427
naringenin biosynthesis (engineered)
-
-
PWY-7397
naringenin glycoside biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5094
neoabietic acid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5413
neolacto-series glycosphingolipids biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7841
neolinustatin bioactivation
-
-
PWY-7092
Neomycin, kanamycin and gentamicin biosynthesis
-
-
nepetalactone biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8069
neurosporaxanthin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6681
Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism
-
-
nicotine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5316
nicotine degradation I (pyridine pathway)
-
-
P181-PWY
nicotine degradation IV
-
-
PWY66-201
nicotine degradation V
-
-
PWY66-221
nitrate reduction I (denitrification)
-
-
DENITRIFICATION-PWY
nitrate reduction II (assimilatory)
-
-
PWY-381
nitrate reduction III (dissimilatory)
-
-
PWY0-1321
nitrate reduction IX (dissimilatory)
-
-
PWY0-1581
nitrate reduction VI (assimilatory)
-
-
PWY490-3
nitrate reduction VII (denitrification)
-
-
PWY-6748
nitrate reduction VIII (dissimilatory)
-
-
PWY0-1352
nitrate reduction VIIIb (dissimilatory)
-
-
PWY0-1573
nitrate reduction X (dissimilatory, periplasmic)
-
-
PWY0-1584
nitric oxide biosynthesis II (mammals)
-
-
PWY-4983
nitrifier denitrification
-
-
PWY-7084
nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation
-
-
PWY-6523
nitrogen fixation I (ferredoxin)
-
-
N2FIX-PWY
nitrogen remobilization from senescing leaves
-
-
PWY-6549
Nitrotoluene degradation
-
-
nocardicin A biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7797
nonaprenyl diphosphate biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5805
nonaprenyl diphosphate biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-6520
noradrenaline and adrenaline degradation
-
-
PWY-6342
norspermidine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6562
noscapine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7138
Novobiocin biosynthesis
-
-
nucleoside and nucleotide degradation (archaea)
-
-
PWY-5532
O-antigen biosynthesis
-
-
O-antigen building blocks biosynthesis (E. coli)
-
-
OANTIGEN-PWY
O-Antigen nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
-
-
o-diquinones biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6752
octanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] biosynthesis (mitochondria, yeast)
-
-
PWY-7388
octaprenyl diphosphate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5783
octopamine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7297
odd iso-branched-chain fatty acid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8174
okenone biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7591
oleandomycin activation/inactivation
-
-
PWY-6972
oleanolate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7069
oleate beta-oxidation
-
-
PWY0-1337
oleate beta-oxidation (isomerase-dependent, yeast)
-
-
PWY-7291
oleate beta-oxidation (reductase-dependent, yeast)
-
-
PWY-7307
oleate beta-oxidation (thioesterase-dependent, yeast)
-
-
PWY-7292
oleate biosynthesis I (plants)
-
-
PWY-5147
oleate biosynthesis II (animals and fungi)
-
-
PWY-5996
oleate biosynthesis III (cyanobacteria)
-
-
PWY-7587
oleate biosynthesis IV (anaerobic)
-
-
PWY-7664
oleoresin monoterpene volatiles biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5423
oleoresin sesquiterpene volatiles biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5425
One carbon pool by folate
-
-
ophiobolin F biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7720
ophthalmate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8043
Other glycan degradation
-
-
Other types of O-glycan biosynthesis
-
-
oxalate degradation III
-
-
PWY-6696
oxalate degradation IV
-
-
PWY-6697
oxalate degradation V
-
-
PWY-6698
oxalate degradation VI
-
-
PWY-7985
oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate
-
-
Oxidative phosphorylation
-
-
oxidative phosphorylation
-
-
p-HBAD biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7745
palmatine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5470
palmitate biosynthesis
-
-
palmitate biosynthesis I (type I fatty acid synthase)
-
-
PWY-5994
palmitate biosynthesis II (type II fatty acid synthase)
-
-
PWY-5971
palmitate biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-8279
palmitoleate biosynthesis I (from (5Z)-dodec-5-enoate)
-
-
PWY-6282
palmitoleate biosynthesis II (plants and bacteria)
-
-
PWY-5366
palmitoleate biosynthesis III (cyanobacteria)
-
-
PWY-7589
palmitoleate biosynthesis IV (fungi and animals)
-
-
PWY3O-1801
palmitoyl ethanolamide biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8055
palustric acid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5414
Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis
-
-
pantothenate biosynthesis
-
-
paraoxon degradation
-
-
PWY-5490
parathion degradation
-
-
PARATHION-DEGRADATION-PWY
parkeol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8027
partial TCA cycle (obligate autotrophs)
-
-
PWY-5913
paspaline biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7492
patchoulol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6258
pectin degradation I
-
-
PWY-7246
pectin degradation II
-
-
PWY-7248
pederin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8049
pelargonidin diglucoside biosynthesis (acyl-glucose dependent)
-
-
PWY-7259
Penicillin and cephalosporin biosynthesis
-
-
penicillin G and penicillin V biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7716
penicillin K biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5630
pentachlorophenol degradation
-
-
PCPDEG-PWY
pentacyclic triterpene biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7251
Pentose and glucuronate interconversions
-
-
Pentose phosphate pathway
-
-
pentose phosphate pathway
-
-
pentose phosphate pathway (non-oxidative branch) I
-
-
NONOXIPENT-PWY
pentose phosphate pathway (non-oxidative branch) II
-
-
PWY-8178
pentose phosphate pathway (oxidative branch) I
-
-
OXIDATIVEPENT-PWY
pentose phosphate pathway (partial)
-
-
P21-PWY
peptido-conjugates in tissue regeneration biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8355
Peptidoglycan biosynthesis
-
-
peptidoglycan biosynthesis
-
-
peptidoglycan biosynthesis I (meso-diaminopimelate containing)
-
-
PEPTIDOGLYCANSYN-PWY
peptidoglycan biosynthesis II (staphylococci)
-
-
PWY-5265
peptidoglycan biosynthesis III (mycobacteria)
-
-
PWY-6385
peptidoglycan biosynthesis IV (Enterococcus faecium)
-
-
PWY-6471
peptidoglycan biosynthesis V (beta-lactam resistance)
-
-
PWY-6470
peptidoglycan maturation (meso-diaminopimelate containing)
-
-
PWY0-1586
peptidoglycan recycling I
-
-
PWY0-1261
peptidoglycan recycling II
-
-
PWY-7883
perillyl aldehyde biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6436
periplasmic disulfide bond formation
-
-
PWY0-1599
petrobactin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6289
petroselinate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5367
phaselate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6320
Phenazine biosynthesis
-
-
phenolic malonylglucosides biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6930
phenolphthiocerol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7742
phenylacetate degradation (aerobic)
-
-
phenylacetate degradation I (aerobic)
-
-
PWY0-321
phenylacetate degradation II (anaerobic)
-
-
PWY-1341
Phenylalanine metabolism
-
-
phenylalanine metabolism
-
-
Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis
-
-
phenylethanol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5751
phenylethylamine degradation I
-
-
2PHENDEG-PWY
phenylmercury acetate degradation
phenylphenalenone biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6438
phenylpropanoid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-361
Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis
-
-
phenylpropanoid biosynthesis
-
-
phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, initial reactions
-
-
PWY1F-467
phenylpropanoids methylation (ice plant)
-
-
PWY-7498
pheomelanin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7917
phloridzin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6515
phosalacine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7769
phosphate acquisition
-
-
PWY-6348
phosphatidate biosynthesis (yeast)
-
-
PWY-7411
phosphatidate metabolism, as a signaling molecule
-
-
PWY-7039
phosphatidylcholine acyl editing
-
-
PWY-6803
phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY3O-450
phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY4FS-2
phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY4FS-3
phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis IV
-
-
PWY4FS-4
phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis V
-
-
PWY-6825
phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis VI
-
-
PWY-6826
phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis VII
-
-
PWY-7470
phosphatidylcholine resynthesis via glycerophosphocholine
-
-
PWY-7367
phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY4FS-6
phosphatidylethanolamine bioynthesis
-
-
phosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY4FS-7
phosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY4FS-8
phosphatidylinositol biosynthesis I (bacteria)
-
-
PWY-6580
phosphatidylinositol biosynthesis II (eukaryotes)
-
-
PWY-7625
phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5669
phosphinothricin tripeptide biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6322
phospholipases
-
-
LIPASYN-PWY
phospholipid desaturation
-
-
PWY-762
phospholipid remodeling (phosphatidate, yeast)
-
-
PWY-7417
phospholipid remodeling (phosphatidylcholine, yeast)
-
-
PWY-7416
phospholipid remodeling (phosphatidylethanolamine, yeast)
-
-
PWY-7409
Phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism
-
-
phosphopantothenate biosynthesis I
-
-
PANTO-PWY
phosphopantothenate biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-3961
phosphopantothenate biosynthesis III (archaea)
-
-
PWY-6654
photorespiration I
-
-
PWY-181
photorespiration II
-
-
PWY-8362
photorespiration III
-
-
PWY-8363
photosynthesis light reactions
-
-
PWY-101
photosynthetic 3-hydroxybutanoate biosynthesis (engineered)
-
-
PWY-7218
phycocyanobilin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5917
phycoerythrobilin biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5915
phycoerythrobilin biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-7580
phycourobilin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7579
phycoviolobilin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7578
phylloquinol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5027
phytate degradation I
-
-
PWY-4702
phytochelatins biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6745
phytochromobilin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7170
phytol degradation
-
-
PWY66-389
phytol salvage pathway
-
-
PWY-5107
phytosterol biosynthesis (plants)
-
-
PWY-2541
pinitol biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6738
pinobanksin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5059
plasmalogen biosynthesis I (aerobic)
-
-
PWY-7782
plasmalogen degradation
-
-
PWY-7783
plastoquinol-9 biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-1581
plastoquinol-9 biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-6978
platensimycin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8179
plaunotol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6691
poly-hydroxy fatty acids biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6710
polybrominated dihydroxylated diphenyl ethers biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7934
polybrominated phenols biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7929
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation
-
-
polyhydroxybutanoate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY1-3
polyhydroxydecanoate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6657
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
-
-
polymethylated myricetin biosynthesis (tomato)
-
-
PWY-7160
polymethylated quercetin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7161
polymethylated quercetin glucoside biosynthesis I - quercetin series (Chrysosplenium)
-
-
PWY-7150
polyphosphate metabolism
-
-
PWY-8138
Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism
-
-
ppGpp metabolism
-
-
PPGPPMET-PWY
preQ0 biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6703
Primary bile acid biosynthesis
-
-
proanthocyanidins biosynthesis from flavanols
-
-
PWY-641
procollagen hydroxylation and glycosylation
-
-
PWY-7894
proline to cytochrome bo oxidase electron transfer
-
-
PWY0-1544
propanethial S-oxide biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5707
propanoate fermentation to 2-methylbutanoate
-
-
PWY-5109
Propanoate metabolism
-
-
propanoyl-CoA degradation II
-
-
PWY-7574
propionate fermentation
-
-
protectin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8357
protective electron sinks in the thylakoid membrane (PSII to PTOX)
-
-
PWY1YI0-7
protein citrullination
-
-
PWY-4921
protein N-glycosylation (Haloferax volcanii)
-
-
PWY-7661
protein N-glycosylation (Methanococcus voltae)
-
-
PWY-7658
protein N-glycosylation initial phase (eukaryotic)
-
-
MANNOSYL-CHITO-DOLICHOL-BIOSYNTHESIS
protein N-glycosylation processing phase (endoplasmic reticulum, yeast)
-
-
PWY-7918
protein N-glycosylation processing phase (plants and animals)
-
-
PWY-7919
protein NEDDylation
-
-
PWY-7899
protein O-mannosylation I (yeast)
-
-
PWY-7921
protein O-mannosylation II (mammals, core M1 and core M2)
-
-
PWY-7922
protein O-mannosylation III (mammals, core M3)
-
-
PWY-7979
protein O-[N-acetyl]-glucosylation
-
-
PWY-7437
protein S-nitrosylation and denitrosylation
-
-
PWY-7798
protein SAMPylation and SAMP-mediated thiolation
-
-
PWY-7887
protein ubiquitination
-
-
PWY-7511
protocatechuate degradation I (meta-cleavage pathway)
-
-
P184-PWY
PRPP biosynthesis
-
-
PWY0-662
pseudouridine degradation
-
-
PWY-6019
psilocybin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7936
purine deoxyribonucleosides degradation I
-
-
PWY-7179
purine deoxyribonucleosides degradation II
-
-
PWY-7179-1
purine deoxyribonucleosides salvage
-
-
PWY-7224
purine nucleobases degradation I (anaerobic)
-
-
P164-PWY
purine nucleobases degradation II (anaerobic)
-
-
PWY-5497
purine ribonucleosides degradation
-
-
PWY0-1296
putrescine biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-40
putrescine biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-43
putrescine biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-46
putrescine degradation I
-
-
PUTDEG-PWY
putrescine degradation III
-
-
PWY-0
putrescine degradation IV
-
-
PWY-2
putrescine degradation V
-
-
PWY-3
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate biosynthesis I
-
-
PYRIDOXSYN-PWY
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-6466
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate salvage I
-
-
PLPSAL-PWY
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate salvage II (plants)
-
-
PWY-7204
pyrimidine deoxyribonucleosides degradation
-
-
PWY-7181
pyrimidine deoxyribonucleosides salvage
-
-
PWY-7199
pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide phosphorylation
-
-
PWY-7197
pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides biosynthesis from CTP
-
-
PWY-7210
pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-7184
pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-7187
pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-6545
pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis IV
-
-
PWY-7198
pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides dephosphorylation
-
-
PWY-7206
Pyrimidine metabolism
-
-
pyrimidine metabolism
-
-
pyrimidine nucleobases salvage I
-
-
PWY-7183
pyrimidine nucleobases salvage II
-
-
PWY-7194
pyrimidine ribonucleosides degradation
-
-
PWY0-1295
pyrimidine ribonucleosides salvage I
-
-
PWY-7193
pyrimidine ribonucleosides salvage II
-
-
PWY-6556
pyrimidine ribonucleosides salvage III
-
-
PWY-7195
pyruvate decarboxylation to acetyl CoA I
-
-
PYRUVDEHYD-PWY
pyruvate decarboxylation to acetyl CoA II
-
-
PWY-6970
pyruvate fermentation to (R)-acetoin I
-
-
PWY-5938
pyruvate fermentation to (R)-acetoin II
-
-
PWY-5939
pyruvate fermentation to (R)-lactate
-
-
PWY-8274
pyruvate fermentation to (S)-acetoin
-
-
PWY-6389
pyruvate fermentation to (S)-lactate
-
-
PWY-5481
pyruvate fermentation to acetate II
-
-
PWY-5482
pyruvate fermentation to acetate IV
-
-
PWY-5485
pyruvate fermentation to acetate V
-
-
PWY-5537
pyruvate fermentation to acetate VIII
-
-
PWY-5768
pyruvate fermentation to acetoin III
-
-
PWY3O-440
pyruvate fermentation to acetone
-
-
PWY-6588
pyruvate fermentation to butanoate
-
-
CENTFERM-PWY
pyruvate fermentation to butanol I
-
-
PWY-6583
pyruvate fermentation to butanol II (engineered)
-
-
PWY-6883
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I
-
-
PWY-5480
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II
-
-
PWY-5486
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III
-
-
PWY-6587
pyruvate fermentation to hexanol (engineered)
-
-
PWY-6863
pyruvate fermentation to isobutanol (engineered)
-
-
PWY-7111
pyruvate fermentation to opines
-
-
PWY-7351
pyruvate fermentation to propanoate I
-
-
P108-PWY
pyruvate fermentation to propanoate II (acrylate pathway)
-
-
PWY-5494
pyruvate to cytochrome bo oxidase electron transfer
-
-
PWY-7544
quercetin gentiotetraside biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7137
quercetin glucoside biosynthesis (Allium)
-
-
PWY-7129
quercetin glycoside biosynthesis (Arabidopsis)
-
-
PWY-5321
quercetin sulfate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6199
quercetin triglucoside biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7173
quinate degradation I
-
-
QUINATEDEG-PWY
quinate degradation II
-
-
PWY-6416
raspberry ketone biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5393
reactive oxygen species degradation
-
-
DETOX1-PWY-1
reductive acetyl coenzyme A pathway
-
-
reductive acetyl coenzyme A pathway I (homoacetogenic bacteria)
-
-
CODH-PWY
reductive glycine pathway of autotrophic CO2 fixation
-
-
PWY-8303
reductive monocarboxylic acid cycle
-
-
PWY-5493
reductive TCA cycle I
-
-
P23-PWY
reductive TCA cycle II
-
-
PWY-5392
resolvin D biosynthesis
-
-
PWY66-397
resveratrol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-84
retinol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6857
rhamnogalacturonan type I degradation II (bacteria)
-
-
PWY-6771
Riboflavin metabolism
-
-
ribose phosphorylation
-
-
RIBOKIN-PWY
ricinoleate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7618
rose anthocyanin biosynthesis II (via cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside)
-
-
PWY-7262
roseoflavin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7863
rosmarinic acid biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5048
rosmarinic acid biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-5049
rubber biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5815
Rubisco shunt
-
-
PWY-5723
rutin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5390
rutin degradation
-
-
PWY-6848
S-(6-hydroxy-4-methylhexan-4-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8301
S-(6-hydroxy-4-methylhexan-4-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine degradation
-
-
PWY-8302
S-adenosyl-L-methionine biosynthesis
-
-
SAM-PWY
S-adenosyl-L-methionine salvage I
-
-
PWY-6151
S-adenosyl-L-methionine salvage II
-
-
PWY-5041
S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine degradation I
-
-
PWY-6754
S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine degradation II
-
-
PWY-6756
S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine degradation IV
-
-
PWY0-1391
S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate degradation I
-
-
PWY-4361
S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate degradation II
-
-
PWY-7174
S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate degradation III
-
-
PWY-8132
S-methyl-L-methionine cycle
-
-
PWY-5441
saframycin A biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7671
salicortin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6763
salicylate biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6406
salicylate biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-8321
salicylate degradation I
-
-
PWY-6183
salidroside biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6802
salinosporamide A biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6627
Salmonella enterica serotype O:13 O antigen biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8230
salvianin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5268
sanguinarine and macarpine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5287
santalene biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-6836
saponin biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-5756
sciadonate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6598
scopoletin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6792
secologanin and strictosidine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5290
Secondary bile acid biosynthesis
-
-
sedoheptulose bisphosphate bypass
-
-
PWY0-1517
selenate reduction
-
-
PWY-6932
seleno-amino acid biosynthesis (plants)
-
-
PWY-6936
seleno-amino acid detoxification and volatilization I
-
-
PWY-6931
seleno-amino acid detoxification and volatilization II
-
-
PWY-6935
seleno-amino acid detoxification and volatilization III
-
-
PWY-6933
Selenocompound metabolism
-
-
selenocysteine biosynthesis
-
-
serine racemization
-
-
PWY-8140
serotonin and melatonin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6030
serotonin degradation
-
-
PWY-6313
sesamin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5469
sesquiterpene lactone biosynthesis
-
-
Sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis
-
-
shikimate degradation I
-
-
SHIKIMATEDEG-PWY
shikimate degradation II
-
-
PWY-6419
shisonin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5284
sinapate ester biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-3301
siroheme biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5194
sitosterol degradation to androstenedione
-
-
PWY-6948
solasodine glycosylation
-
-
PWY18C3-4
sophoraflavanone G biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6914
sophorolipid biosynthesis
-
-
SOPHOROSYLOXYDOCOSANOATE-SYN-PWY
sophorosyloxydocosanoate deacetylation
-
-
SOPHOROSYLOXYDOCOSANOATE-DEG-PWY
sorbitol biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-5530
sorgoleone biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5987
soybean saponin I biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5203
spermidine biosynthesis I
-
-
BSUBPOLYAMSYN-PWY
spermidine biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-6559
spermidine biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-6834
spermine and spermidine degradation I
-
-
PWY-6117
spermine and spermidine degradation II
-
-
PWY-6440
spermine and spermidine degradation III
-
-
PWY-6441
spermine biosynthesis
-
-
ARGSPECAT-PWY
sphingolipid biosynthesis (mammals)
-
-
PWY-7277
sphingolipid biosynthesis (plants)
-
-
PWY-5129
sphingolipid biosynthesis (yeast)
-
-
SPHINGOLIPID-SYN-PWY
Sphingolipid metabolism
-
-
sphingomyelin metabolism
-
-
PWY3DJ-11281
sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate metabolism
-
-
PWY3DJ-11470
sphingosine metabolism
-
-
Spodoptera littoralis pheromone biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7656
spongiadioxin C biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7935
sporopollenin precursors biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6733
stachyose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5337
stachyose degradation
-
-
PWY-6527
staphyloferrin A biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7990
staphylopine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8007
Starch and sucrose metabolism
-
-
starch biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-622
starch degradation I
-
-
PWY-842
starch degradation II
-
-
PWY-6724
starch degradation III
-
-
PWY-6731
starch degradation IV
-
-
PWY-6735
starch degradation V
-
-
PWY-6737
stearate biosynthesis I (animals)
-
-
PWY-5972
stearate biosynthesis II (bacteria and plants)
-
-
PWY-5989
stearate biosynthesis III (fungi)
-
-
PWY3O-355
stearate biosynthesis IV
-
-
PWY-8280
stearidonate biosynthesis (cyanobacteria)
-
-
PWY-7595
stellariose and mediose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6525
stellatic acid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7736
Steroid hormone biosynthesis
-
-
sterol biosynthesis (methylotrophs)
-
-
PWY-8026
sterol:steryl ester interconversion (yeast)
-
-
PWY-7424
stigma estolide biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6453
Stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis
-
-
streptomycin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5940
Streptomycin biosynthesis
-
-
streptorubin B biosynthesis
-
-
PWY1A0-6120
strychnine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8216
suberin monomers biosynthesis
succinate fermentation to butanoate
-
-
PWY-5677
succinate to chytochrome c oxidase via cytochrome c6
-
-
PWY1YI0-2
succinate to cytochrome bd oxidase electron transfer
-
-
PWY0-1353
succinate to cytochrome bo oxidase electron transfer
-
-
PWY0-1329
succinate to cytochrome c oxidase via plastocyanin
-
-
PWY1YI0-3
succinate to plastoquinol oxidase
-
-
PWY1YI0-8
sucrose biosynthesis I (from photosynthesis)
-
-
SUCSYN-PWY
sucrose biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-7238
sucrose biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-7347
sucrose degradation I (sucrose phosphotransferase)
-
-
SUCUTIL-PWY
sucrose degradation II (sucrose synthase)
-
-
PWY-3801
sucrose degradation III (sucrose invertase)
-
-
PWY-621
sucrose degradation IV (sucrose phosphorylase)
-
-
PWY-5384
sucrose degradation V (sucrose alpha-glucosidase)
-
-
PWY66-373
sucrose degradation VII (sucrose 3-dehydrogenase)
-
-
SUCROSEUTIL2-PWY
sulfate activation for sulfonation
-
-
PWY-5340
sulfated glycosaminoglycan metabolism
-
-
sulfide oxidation IV (mitochondria)
-
-
PWY-7927
sulfite oxidation I
-
-
PWY-5276
sulfite oxidation II
-
-
PWY-5279
sulfite oxidation III
-
-
PWY-5278
sulfite oxidation IV (sulfite oxidase)
-
-
PWY-5326
sulfolactate degradation III
-
-
PWY-6638
sulfolipid biosynthesis
-
-
sulfopterin metabolism
-
-
sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol biosynthesis
-
-
PWYQT-4427
sulfur volatiles biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6736
superoxide radicals degradation
-
-
DETOX1-PWY
superpathway of 5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6277
superpathway of anthocyanin biosynthesis (from cyanidin and cyanidin 3-O-glucoside)
-
-
PWY-5313
superpathway of C28 brassinosteroid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6544
superpathway of coenzyme A biosynthesis III (mammals)
-
-
COA-PWY-1
superpathway of dimethylsulfoniopropanoate degradation
-
-
PWY-6049
superpathway of fatty acid biosynthesis initiation
-
-
FASYN-INITIAL-PWY
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
-
-
PWY4LZ-257
superpathway of glucose and xylose degradation
-
-
PWY-6901
superpathway of glycolysis and the Entner-Doudoroff pathway
-
-
GLYCOLYSIS-E-D
superpathway of glycolysis, pyruvate dehydrogenase, TCA, and glyoxylate bypass
-
-
GLYCOLYSIS-TCA-GLYOX-BYPASS
superpathway of glyoxylate cycle and fatty acid degradation
-
-
PWY-561
superpathway of hyoscyamine (atropine) and scopolamine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7341
superpathway of L-aspartate and L-asparagine biosynthesis
-
-
ASPASN-PWY
superpathway of methylsalicylate metabolism
-
-
PWY18C3-25
superpathway of nicotine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7342
superpathway of ornithine degradation
-
-
ORNDEG-PWY
superpathway of phospholipid biosynthesis II (plants)
-
-
PHOSLIPSYN2-PWY
superpathway of photosynthetic hydrogen production
-
-
PWY-7731
superpathway of polyamine biosynthesis II
-
-
POLYAMINSYN3-PWY
superpathway of pterocarpan biosynthesis (via daidzein)
-
-
PWY-2055
superpathway of pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis (E. coli)
-
-
PWY0-166
superpathway of scopolin and esculin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7186
superpathway of UDP-glucose-derived O-antigen building blocks biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7328
syringate degradation
-
-
PWY-6339
syringetin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5391
Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
-
-
taurine biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5331
taurine biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-7850
taurine biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-8359
taurine degradation IV
-
-
PWY0-981
taxadiene biosynthesis (engineered)
-
-
PWY-7392
TCA cycle I (prokaryotic)
-
-
TCA
TCA cycle II (plants and fungi)
-
-
PWY-5690
TCA cycle III (animals)
-
-
PWY66-398
TCA cycle IV (2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase)
-
-
P105-PWY
TCA cycle V (2-oxoglutarate synthase)
-
-
PWY-6969
TCA cycle VI (Helicobacter)
-
-
REDCITCYC
TCA cycle VII (acetate-producers)
-
-
PWY-7254
TCA cycle VIII (Chlamydia)
-
-
TCA-1
tea aroma glycosidic precursor bioactivation
-
-
PWY-7114
teichuronic acid biosynthesis (B. subtilis 168)
-
-
PWY-7820
terminal O-glycans residues modification (via type 2 precursor disaccharide)
-
-
PWY-7434
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
-
-
testosterone and androsterone degradation to androstendione (aerobic)
-
-
PWY-6943
tetradecanoate biosynthesis (mitochondria)
-
-
PWY66-430
tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6614
tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY2DNV-11
tetrahydrofolate metabolism
-
-
tetrahydrofolate salvage from 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate
-
-
PWY-6613
tetrahydromethanopterin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6148
tetrahydromonapterin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY0-1433
tetrahydropteridine recycling
-
-
PWY-8099
tetrahydroxyxanthone biosynthesis (from benzoate)
-
-
PWY-5001
tetrapyrrole biosynthesis I (from glutamate)
-
-
PWY-5188
tetrapyrrole biosynthesis II (from glycine)
-
-
PWY-5189
thalianol and derivatives biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5992
theobromine biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5039
theophylline degradation
-
-
PWY-6999
thiamine diphosphate biosynthesis I (E. coli)
-
-
PWY-6894
thiamine diphosphate biosynthesis II (Bacillus)
-
-
PWY-6893
thiamine diphosphate biosynthesis III (Staphylococcus)
-
-
PWY-6907
thiamine diphosphate biosynthesis IV (eukaryotes)
-
-
PWY-6908
thiamine diphosphate salvage II
-
-
PWY-6897
thiamine diphosphate salvage III
-
-
PWY-6898
thiamine diphosphate salvage IV (yeast)
-
-
PWY-7356
thiamine phosphate formation from pyrithiamine and oxythiamine (yeast)
-
-
PWY-7357
thiamine triphosphate metabolism
-
-
PWY-7369
thiazole component of thiamine diphosphate biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-6892
thiazole component of thiamine diphosphate biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-6891
thiazole component of thiamine diphosphate biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-6909
thioredoxin pathway
-
-
THIOREDOX-PWY
thiosulfate disproportionation IV (rhodanese)
-
-
PWY-5350
threo-tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6983
thymine degradation
-
-
PWY-6430
thyroid hormone metabolism II (via conjugation and/or degradation)
-
-
PWY-6261
toluene degradation II (aerobic) (via 4-methylcatechol)
-
-
TOLUENE-DEG-3-OH-PWY
toluene degradation to 2-hydroxypentadienoate (via toluene-cis-diol)
-
-
TOLUENE-DEG-DIOL-PWY
toluene degradation to 2-hydroxypentadienoate I (via o-cresol)
-
-
TOLUENE-DEG-2-OH-PWY
toxoflavin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7991
trans, trans-farnesyl diphosphate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5123
trans-caffeate degradation (aerobic)
-
-
PWY-8003
trans-lycopene biosynthesis II (oxygenic phototrophs and green sulfur bacteria)
-
-
PWY-6475
trans-zeatin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-2681
traumatin and (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl acetate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5410
trehalose biosynthesis I
-
-
TRESYN-PWY
trehalose biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-881
trehalose biosynthesis III
-
-
TREHALOSESYN-PWY
trehalose biosynthesis IV
-
-
PWY-2622
trehalose biosynthesis V
-
-
PWY-2661
trehalose degradation I (low osmolarity)
-
-
TREDEGLOW-PWY
trehalose degradation II (cytosolic)
-
-
PWY0-1182
trehalose degradation IV
-
-
PWY-2722
trehalose degradation V
-
-
PWY-2723
trehalose degradation VI (periplasmic)
-
-
PWY0-1466
triacylglycerol degradation
-
-
LIPAS-PWY
trichome monoterpenes biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6447
tricin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7995
trigonelline biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5110
tRNA charging
-
-
TRNA-CHARGING-PWY
tRNA methylation (yeast)
-
-
PWY-6829
tRNA processing
-
-
PWY0-1479
tRNA splicing I
-
-
PWY-6689
tRNA splicing II
-
-
PWY-7803
tRNA-uridine 2-thiolation and selenation (bacteria)
-
-
PWY-7892
tropane alkaloids biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5317
Tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis
-
-
Tryptophan metabolism
-
-
tryptophan metabolism
-
-
tunicamycin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7821
tylosin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7415
type I lipoteichoic acid biosynthesis (S. aureus)
-
-
PWY-7817
type IV lipoteichoic acid biosynthesis (S. pneumoniae)
-
-
PWY-7818
ubiquinol-10 biosynthesis (early decarboxylation)
-
-
PWY-5857
ubiquinol-10 biosynthesis (late decarboxylation)
-
-
PWY-5872
ubiquinol-6 biosynthesis (late decarboxylation)
-
-
PWY3O-19
ubiquinol-6 biosynthesis from 4-aminobenzoate (yeast)
-
-
PWY-7230
ubiquinol-7 biosynthesis (early decarboxylation)
-
-
PWY-5855
ubiquinol-7 biosynthesis (late decarboxylation)
-
-
PWY-5873
ubiquinol-8 biosynthesis (early decarboxylation)
-
-
PWY-6708
ubiquinol-8 biosynthesis (late decarboxylation)
-
-
PWY-5870
ubiquinol-9 biosynthesis (early decarboxylation)
-
-
PWY-5856
ubiquinol-9 biosynthesis (late decarboxylation)
-
-
PWY-5871
Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis
-
-
ubiquinone biosynthesis
-
-
UDP-alpha-D-galactofuranose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7622
UDP-alpha-D-galactose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7344
UDP-alpha-D-galacturonate biosynthesis I (from UDP-D-glucuronate)
-
-
PWY-4861
UDP-alpha-D-galacturonate biosynthesis II (from D-galacturonate)
-
-
PWY-4
UDP-alpha-D-glucose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7343
UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate biosynthesis (from myo-inositol)
-
-
PWY-4841
UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate biosynthesis (from UDP-glucose)
-
-
PWY-7346
UDP-alpha-D-xylose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-4821
UDP-beta-L-arabinose biosynthesis I (from UDP-alpha-D-xylose)
-
-
PWY-63
UDP-beta-L-arabinose biosynthesis II (from beta-L-arabinose)
-
-
PWY-82
UDP-beta-L-rhamnose biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-3261
UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis
-
-
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-5514
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-8013
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis I
-
-
UDPNAGSYN-PWY
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis II
-
-
UDPNACETYLGALSYN-PWY
UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide biosynthesis I (meso-diaminopimelate containing)
-
-
PWY-6387
UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide biosynthesis II (lysine-containing)
-
-
PWY-6386
UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide biosynthesis III (meso-diaminopimelate containing)
-
-
PWY-7953
ultra-long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8041
umbelliferone biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6982
UMP biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5686
UMP biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-7790
UMP biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-7791
uracil degradation I (reductive)
-
-
PWY-3982
urate conversion to allantoin I
-
-
PWY-5691
urate conversion to allantoin II
-
-
PWY-7394
urate conversion to allantoin III
-
-
PWY-7849
urea degradation II
-
-
PWY-5704
UTP and CTP de novo biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7176
UTP and CTP dephosphorylation I
-
-
PWY-7185
UTP and CTP dephosphorylation II
-
-
PWY-7177
valencene and 7-epi-alpha-selinene biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6291
Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
-
-
Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation
-
-
valproate beta-oxidation
-
-
PWY-8182
vancomycin resistance I
-
-
PWY-6454
vancomycin resistance II
-
-
PWY-6455
vanillin biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5665
Various types of N-glycan biosynthesis
-
-
vernolate biosynthesis III
-
-
PWY-6917
very long chain fatty acid biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5080
very long chain fatty acid biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-7036
vicianin bioactivation
-
-
PWY-7093
vindoline, vindorosine and vinblastine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5292
viridicatumtoxin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7659
vitamin B1 metabolism
-
-
Vitamin B6 metabolism
-
-
vitamin B6 metabolism
-
-
vitamin E biosynthesis (tocopherols)
-
-
PWY-1422
vitamin E biosynthesis (tocotrienols)
-
-
PWY-7436
volatile benzenoid biosynthesis I (ester formation)
-
-
PWY-4203
wax esters biosynthesis I
-
-
PWY-5884
wax esters biosynthesis II
-
-
PWY-5885
wighteone and luteone biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-4502
xanthine and xanthosine salvage
-
-
SALVPURINE2-PWY
xanthohumol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5135
xanthommatin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8249
xylan biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5800
xylitol degradation I
-
-
LARABITOLUTIL-PWY
xylogalacturonan biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5980
xyloglucan biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5936
xyloglucan degradation II (exoglucanase)
-
-
PWY-6807
zealexin biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6888
zerumbone biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6265
zymosterol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6074
[2Fe-2S] iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-7250
(5R)-carbapenem carboxylate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5737
(5R)-carbapenem carboxylate biosynthesis
-
-
4-hydroxymandelate degradation
-
-
4-HYDROXYMANDELATE-DEGRADATION-PWY
4-hydroxymandelate degradation
-
-
adipate degradation
-
-
PWY-8354
bile acid biosynthesis, neutral pathway
-
-
PWY-6061
bile acid biosynthesis, neutral pathway
-
-
catecholamine biosynthesis
-
-
PWY66-301
catecholamine biosynthesis
-
-
cis-vaccenate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5973
cis-vaccenate biosynthesis
-
-
cyanate degradation
-
-
CYANCAT-PWY
diterpene phytoalexins precursors biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-2981
diterpene phytoalexins precursors biosynthesis
-
-
dolichol and dolichyl phosphate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6129
dolichol and dolichyl phosphate biosynthesis
-
-
enterobactin biosynthesis
-
-
ENTBACSYN-PWY
enterobactin biosynthesis
-
-
folate polyglutamylation
-
-
PWY-2161
folate polyglutamylation
-
-
methylaspartate cycle
-
-
PWY-6728
methylaspartate cycle
-
-
molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-8171
molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis
-
-
myo-inositol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-2301
myo-inositol biosynthesis
-
-
octane oxidation
-
-
P221-PWY
oxalate biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-6699
phenylmercury acetate degradation
-
-
P641-PWY
phenylmercury acetate degradation
-
-
suberin monomers biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-1121
suberin monomers biosynthesis
-
-
taxol biosynthesis
-
-
PWY-5660
urea cycle
-
-
PWY-4984
vitamin K-epoxide cycle
-
-
PWY-7999
vitamin K-epoxide cycle
-
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
analysis of CK glucosides formation during main developmental transition phases
additional information
-
brenda
-
604, 1111, 1142, 1269, 1317, 1396, 1434, 1435, 1571, 1898, 2338, 3565, 3629, 3677, 3706, 3737, 4783, 5542, 5545, 5572, 33302, 33923, 34587, 34595, 37595, 37626, 37627, 81002, 81012, 95215, 134179, 134182, 134681, 134849, 135416, 136121, 137555, 137557, 137561, 209668, 209744, 209751, 209753, 210511, 246731, 246931, 285274, 285277, 285278, 285344, 286158, 286649, 286676, 287549, 287880, 288239, 288640, 288641, 288643, 288845, 288846, 289162, 289167, 348390, 349089, 349276, 349710, 349712, 349715, 389511, 390372, 390776, 390801, 390937, 390942, 391213, 391216, 391219, 391958, 392137, 392145, 392367, 392368, 392912, 392921, 393081, 393242, 393244, 393361, 393364, 393515, 393798, 393851, 393853, 393857, 393859, 393860, 393948, 395902, 395909, 396550, 439128, 439250, 440292, 440385, 441622, 441624, 485108, 485590, 485682, 485736, 486227, 486233, 486382, 486387, 486388, 486394, 486395, 486503, 486508, 486516, 486766, 486768, 486775, 487453, 487715, 487884, 487972, 488081, 488113, 489001, 489010, 489013, 489014, 489023, 489079, 489080, 489102, 489612, 489858, 636459, 636484, 636837, 636838, 637134, 637135, 637364, 637385, 637414, 637451, 637456, 638146, 638659, 639712, 639726, 639740, 639798, 641452, 641501, 641509, 641634, 641845, 642159, 642340, 642341, 643166, 643324, 643409, 643714, 643824, 644254, 644258, 644270, 644297, 644873, 644892, 645158, 645235, 645320, 645322, 645520, 645560, 645591, 645592, 645610, 645618, 646158, 646343, 646414, 646885, 647204, 649082, 649086, 649143, 649219, 649264, 649311, 649333, 649455, 649463, 649466, 649483, 649493, 649810, 649943, 650119, 650123, 650400, 651054, 651164, 651431, 652261, 652362, 652383, 652482, 652653, 652891, 652962, 652965, 653189, 653402, 653405, 653439, 653487, 653491, 653541, 653544, 653550, 654329, 654366, 654818, 655191, 655440, 655552, 655590, 655751, 656044, 656103, 656202, 656213, 656414, 656555, 656618, 656706, 656879, 656946, 656967, 656971, 656982, 657010, 657018, 657036, 657054, 657097, 657100, 657192, 657255, 657661, 657831, 657838, 657841, 657853, 657892, 657905, 658213, 658226, 658278, 658702, 659134, 659153, 659154, 659230, 659272, 659400, 659449, 659606, 659798, 659844, 659850, 660091, 660115, 660127, 660128, 660133, 660134, 660139, 660153, 660168, 660182, 660192, 660201, 660235, 660236, 660240, 660246, 660248, 660254, 660258, 660259, 660261, 660296, 660307, 660393, 660402, 660580, 660742, 660790, 660847, 660891, 661020, 661345, 661402, 661459, 661462, 661509, 661939, 661944, 662217, 662384, 662387, 662427, 662432, 662449, 662451, 662456, 662533, 662750, 662972, 663026, 663027, 663053, 663054, 663056, 663057, 663059, 663068, 663071, 663082, 663084, 663086, 663090, 663101, 663109, 663143, 663144, 663148, 663152, 663154, 663161, 663179, 663181, 663192, 663202, 663234, 663388, 663551, 664178, 664261, 664266, 664350, 664380, 664458, 664564, 664751, 664954, 665076, 665581, 665687, 665692, 665709, 665755, 666081, 666575, 666597, 666598, 666616, 666617, 666619, 666630, 666640, 666641, 666892, 666906, 666944, 666989, 667207, 667208, 667700, 667815, 668216, 668340, 668355, 668357, 668559, 668597, 668777, 668829, 669047, 669302, 669355, 669412, 669510, 669515, 669578, 669666, 669853, 669890, 669903, 670012, 670369, 670497, 670529, 670535, 670536, 670539, 670540, 670542, 670546, 670547, 670551, 670555, 670563, 670580, 670582, 670594, 670595, 670617, 670622, 670625, 670629, 670635, 670676, 670715, 670976, 671351, 671624, 671726, 671831, 671866, 672170, 672256, 672294, 672479, 672482, 672813, 672963, 673237, 673587, 673664, 673683, 673858, 673908, 674132, 674518, 674580, 674714, 674773, 674781, 674784, 674801, 674825, 674841, 674874, 674967, 675133, 675344, 675345, 675646, 675651, 675665, 675685, 675754, 675792, 675866, 676334, 676354, 676386, 676401, 676404, 676412, 676414, 676421, 676422, 676425, 676427, 676429, 676431, 676434, 676435, 676436, 676441, 676443, 676444, 676490, 676494, 676496, 676498, 676502, 676505, 676507, 676509, 676512, 676514, 676525, 676526, 676528, 676529, 676530, 676531, 676534, 676541, 676550, 676551, 676560, 676581, 676587, 676602, 676610, 676612, 676616, 676619, 676625, 676627, 676641, 676643, 676664, 676666, 676686, 676695, 676697, 676718, 676723, 676724, 676765, 676771, 676830, 676858, 676894, 676898, 677054, 677074, 678447, 678954, 679128, 679198, 679764, 679780, 679826, 679865, 680873, 681118, 681476, 681477, 681591, 681616, 682278, 682315, 682320, 682321, 682329, 682347, 682348, 682349, 682351, 682373, 682376, 682380, 682389, 682410, 682421, 682429, 682462, 682464, 682471, 682487, 682518, 682729, 682783, 682951, 683401, 683580, 683590, 683803, 683980, 684128, 684935, 685125, 685173, 685371, 685395, 685469, 685522, 685537, 685583, 685805, 685820, 685833, 685835, 685901, 686025, 686039, 686243, 686246, 686659, 686671, 686713, 686752, 687493, 687525, 687530, 687563, 687760, 688070, 688076, 688084, 688243, 688395, 688430, 688432, 688456, 688654, 688690, 689461, 689463, 689472, 689475, 689491, 689529, 689535, 689539, 689546, 689547, 689558, 689575, 689587, 689589, 689594, 689599, 689608, 689615, 689619, 689621, 689625, 689626, 689627, 689630, 689634, 689643, 689648, 689653, 689668, 689688, 689737, 689762, 689768, 689772, 689781, 689784, 689805, 690026, 690063, 690155, 690156, 691172, 691206, 691390, 691475, 691492, 692049, 692050, 692344, 692365, 692743, 693211, 694060, 694476, 694573, 694585, 694615, 694624, 694625, 694632, 694634, 694635, 694671, 694680, 694687, 694688, 694699, 694706, 694715, 694724, 694727, 694729, 694736, 694755, 694759, 694782, 694816, 694819, 694886, 694920, 694994, 695357, 695589, 696125, 696602, 696738, 696754, 696761, 697014, 697187, 697214, 697543, 697701, 697870, 697908, 697909, 697953, 697954, 698712, 698848, 698907, 698915, 698956, 699269, 699552, 700250, 700309, 700310, 700486, 700487, 700595, 700672, 700682, 700717, 700720, 700728, 700738, 700740, 700741, 700746, 700747, 700757, 700760, 700761, 700762, 700801, 700808, 700811, 700816, 700819, 700820, 700827, 700828, 700829, 700839, 700846, 700858, 700861, 700887, 700951, 701006, 701018, 701524, 701656, 702066, 702099, 702147, 702393, 702436, 702437, 702463, 702531, 702592, 702682, 702800, 702823, 702914, 703352, 703398, 703659, 703702, 703731, 703814, 703847, 703909, 704116, 704520, 704614, 704698, 704762, 704862, 704863, 704877, 704884, 704894, 704985, 705363, 705592, 705728, 705730, 705817, 705818, 705821, 706103, 706111, 706118, 706127, 706160, 706175, 706178, 706179, 706210, 706212, 706214, 706221, 706226, 706238, 706259, 706273, 706291, 706300, 706303, 706307, 706309, 706311, 706321, 706330, 706331, 706337, 706355, 706360, 706395, 706409, 706422, 706446, 706489, 706530, 707422, 707630, 707895, 708727, 709011, 709047, 709101, 709157, 709510, 710015, 710234, 710264, 710272, 710283, 710284, 710287, 710310, 710312, 710316, 710317, 710319, 710320, 710321, 710411, 710418, 710644, 710700, 710754, 710876, 711256, 711261, 711418, 711425, 711477, 711583, 711614, 711702, 711822, 712359, 712417, 712424, 712607, 712769, 712864, 713222, 713231, 713233, 713271, 713272, 713273, 713285, 713298, 713307, 713315, 713334, 713335, 713568, 713746, 713761, 713956, 714099, 714117, 714175, 714291, 714297, 714299, 714334, 714630, 714802, 715002, 715012, 715013, 715038, 715111, 715243, 715617, 715698, 715760, 716102, 716115, 716216, 716283, 716287, 716314, 716321, 716329, 716359, 716360, 716399, 716418, 716422, 716462, 716482, 716486, 716492, 716494, 716514, 716516, 716520, 716536, 716547, 716577, 716582, 716605, 716609, 716612, 716615, 716624, 716625, 716632, 716636, 716667, 716717, 716732, 716733, 716737, 716773, 716793, 716977, 717092, 717702, 718153, 718172, 718193, 718212, 718215, 718772, 718807, 718978, 718993, 719139, 719203, 719204, 719400, 719457, 719540, 719823, 719878, 719882, 719885, 719895, 719896, 720025, 720064, 720128, 720165, 720304, 720508, 720512, 720517, 720558, 720562, 720623, 720630, 720637, 720644, 720653, 720657, 720669, 720681, 720682, 720686, 720690, 720691, 720693, 720696, 720697, 720698, 720704, 720705, 720706, 720714, 720722, 720733, 720738, 720740, 720747, 720749, 720751, 720775, 720776, 720797, 720804, 720856, 720860, 720922, 721057, 721088, 721094, 721262, 721531, 721953, 722148, 722243, 722264, 722283, 722315, 722457, 722669, 722680, 722737, 722770, 722817, 722873, 723258, 723343, 723381, 723382, 723392, 723394, 723421, 723423, 723424, 723426, 723427, 723432, 723444, 723448, 723469, 723475, 723477, 723495, 723503, 723680, 723782, 723919, 724083, 724111, 724222, 724236, 724317, 724426, 724441, 724453, 724977, 725001, 725015, 725162, 725183, 725252, 725432, 725462, 725468, 725625, 725654, 725790, 725793, 726085, 726114, 726131, 726133, 726137, 726139, 726144, 726162, 726165, 726169, 726176, 726185, 726188, 726197, 726198, 726205, 726218, 726223, 726237, 726238, 726243, 726283, 726294, 726315, 726323, 726461, 726644, 726877, 727119, 727255, 727579, 728055, 728059, 728201, 728205, 728307, 728381, 728436, 728442, 728448, 728455, 728456, 728476, 728485, 728486, 728494, 728496, 728498, 728508, 728515, 728526, 728689, 728803, 728806, 729160, 729167, 729505, 729710, 730127, 730272, 730533, 730551, 730585, 730591, 730603, 730605, 730631, 730643, 730644, 730648, 730651, 730655, 730664, 730667, 730708, 730782, 730822, 731009, 731868, 732019, 732470, 732625, 732628, 732639, 732651, 732653, 732661, 732908, 733407, 733561, 734011, 734120, 734384, 734540, 734739, 734853, 734854, 734864, 734876, 734880, 734891, 734900, 734909, 734913, 734917, 734924, 734940, 734957, 734963, 734983, 734984, 734985, 735051, 735145, 735234, 735316, 735637, 735641, 735864, 736103, 736257, 736600, 736693, 736862, 736892, 736987, 736988, 736990, 736993, 736997, 736998, 737005, 737013, 737026, 737027, 737051, 737059, 737088, 737128, 737144, 737299, 737637, 737817, 737842, 737950, 738048, 738241, 738602, 738763, 739269, 739276, 739313, 739315, 739321, 739342, 739367, 739372, 739413, 739588, 740022, 740071, 740350, 740675, 740714, 740730, 740820, 740956, 740976, 741028, 741137, 741141, 741149, 741157, 741160, 741164, 741171, 741184, 741199, 741206, 741213, 741241, 741276, 741284, 741337, 741778, 741861, 741872, 741875, 741954, 741986, 742116, 742122, 742124, 742204, 742487, 742502, 742534, 742595, 742600, 742602, 742618, 742635, 742840, 742996, 743317, 743318, 743425, 743448, 743470, 743474, 743476, 743494, 743542, 743544, 743546, 743561, 743831, 744281, 744763, 744783, 744786, 744893, 745000, 745030, 745118, 745620, 745743, 745833, 745852, 745908, 746011, 746021, 746022, 746029, 746045, 746074, 746082, 746083, 746100, 746106, 746108, 746115, 746117, 746140, 746165, 746265, 746354, 747076, 747122, 747158, 747226, 747400, 747427, 747429, 747507, 747709, 747864, 747878, 747880, 747881, 748010, 748320, 748323, 748659, 748704, 748706, 748838, 748869, 748910, 748917, 748931, 748957, 748965, 748971, 748976, 748977, 748988, 749014, 749025, 749090, 749285, 749376, 749556, 749945, 749968, 750200, 751222, 751225, 751226, 751269, 751518, 751809, 751856, 751860, 751871, 751878, 751880, 751882, 751893, 751900, 751907, 752272, 753710, 754914, 754917, 755017, 755039, 755665, 755950, 756031, 756167, 756186, 756234, 756251, 756578, 756665, 756816, 756824, 757036, 757161, 757508, 757544, 757597, 757702, 757704, 757720, 757936, 757961, 758002, 758010, 758042, 758043, 758050, 758055, 758080, 758106, 758161, 758628, 758647, 759059, 759280, 759800, 759921, 759993, 760055, 760346, 761183, 761205, 761420, 761738, 762123, 762124, 762128, 762158, 762176, 762465, 762544, 763097, 763565, 763567, 763704, 764788, 764910, 764950, 765153, 765154, 765161, 765589, 765595, 765612, 765628, 765649, 765799
-
-
brenda
-
EMBL
brenda
-
487972, 638722, 643409, 644302, 644305, 645520, 646467, 653260, 689579, 689583, 698932, 743500, 759731
AF001394, O23240, O64530, O65652, O80952, P34802, Q39129, Q787X4, Q8H1K9, Q94AX4, Q9C907, Q9LKP0, Q9M2W3
GenBank
brenda
-
390372, 393031, 394592, 395498, 440293, 441387, 441836, 441837, 441838, 441839, 441840, 441841, 485057, 485060, 485139, 485590, 486438, 486776, 487972, 488117, 488118, 490565, 490566, 491069, 491070, 491071, 491150, 491151, 491152, 491378, 491379, 491414, 491415, 491428, 491429, 491503, 491504, 491505, 491506, 491539, 491540, 491618, 491657, 491685, 491687, 491699, 491700, 491706, 491708, 491796, 491797, 492022, 492024, 492026, 492036, 492037, 532673, 532695, 532696, 637968, 638978, 640338, 640961, 641222, 642155, 642983, 645238, 645520, 645565, 645611, 646195, 646340, 648680, 649263, 649430, 649485, 650292, 651332, 651763, 651807, 651821, 651827, 651855, 651992, 652120, 652273, 652326, 653260, 653443, 653455, 653458, 653464, 653511, 654096, 654419, 654498, 655559, 656170, 656351, 656414, 656629, 656908, 656975, 656995, 656996, 657038, 657074, 657535, 658016, 658312, 658746, 659134, 659383, 660124, 660147, 660148, 660169, 660241, 660359, 660407, 660516, 660760, 660805, 661044, 661237, 661481, 662247, 662537, 662941, 663072, 663081, 663123, 663125, 663134, 663148, 663935, 664195, 664266, 664757, 665663, 665687, 666562, 666579, 666581, 666601, 666625, 666637, 667631, 668743, 669854, 670191, 670364, 670503, 670530, 670532, 670537, 670592, 670622, 671276, 671354, 672670, 673638, 673641, 673675, 673683, 673698, 674455, 674666, 674751, 674784, 674874, 675452, 675501, 675754, 676428, 676432, 676445, 676497, 676511, 676525, 676545, 676555, 676560, 676570, 676579, 676604, 676618, 676621, 676632, 676637, 676723, 676741, 676856, 678200, 679163, 679357, 679764, 680833, 681244, 682293, 682325, 682328, 682402, 682411, 682423, 682425, 682465, 682735, 683580, 683950, 683951, 683971, 683983, 685008, 686731, 686769, 687741, 688093, 689153, 689532, 689578, 689579, 689597, 689601, 689627, 689644, 689756, 691382, 691390, 692537, 694023, 694651, 694657, 694719, 696084, 698916, 700106, 700645, 700702, 700721, 700731, 700743, 700758, 700797, 700798, 700818, 700834, 701075, 701695, 702920, 703710, 704130, 704357, 704394, 704896, 705129, 705148, 705464, 705465, 705472, 706128, 706148, 706206, 706235, 706259, 706383, 706854, 708074, 708124, 708254, 708617, 709000, 710018, 710271, 710276, 710279, 710310, 710718, 711149, 712260, 712452, 712871, 713174, 713423, 714680, 714949, 715545, 715698, 716491, 716525, 716589, 716651, 716667, 716741, 716798, 718580, 718788, 719874, 719971, 720797, 720800, 720925, 722775, 722838, 722899, 723226, 723373, 723388, 723391, 723396, 723401, 723402, 723404, 723405, 723456, 723469, 723488, 723648, 723657, 724234, 724994, 726062, 726153, 726159, 726191, 726214, 726220, 726741, 727119, 727309, 727311, 727507, 727852, 727856, 727859, 727952, 728058, 728482, 728486, 728504, 728505, 728507, 728698, 730455, 730607, 730614, 730645, 730667, 730931, 731705, 732020, 732130, 732628, 732647, 732648, 732649, 733021, 734178, 734387, 734548, 734551, 734857, 734898, 734901, 734910, 734949, 735003, 735042, 735158, 735242, 736946, 736978, 736985, 737023, 737180, 737745, 738685, 739281, 739308, 739316, 739329, 739361, 739376, 739504, 739530, 739782, 739956, 740240, 740771, 740904, 741119, 741155, 741165, 741202, 741741, 741762, 742588, 742594, 742600, 742725, 742731, 743048, 743211, 743315, 743407, 743485, 743561, 743699, 743700, 743761, 743842, 744277, 744450, 744455, 744605, 744904, 745466, 745809, 745898, 746009, 746030, 746031, 746109, 746115, 746137, 746151, 746311, 746986, 747030, 747367, 747485, 747494, 747754, 747882, 748051, 748231, 748273, 748274, 748332, 748335, 748476, 748702, 748705, 748735, 748762, 748897, 748911, 748925, 748944, 748946, 748968, 748972, 748982, 748993, 748994, 749035, 749069, 749117, 749680, 750534, 751043, 751276, 751331, 751745, 751844, 751874, 751916, 752259, 752724, 752728, 754918, 755030, 755059, 755668, 755879, 755996, 756066, 756621, 756827, 756834, 757032, 757185, 757331, 757334, 757336, 757544, 757578, 757819, 757824, 757913, 757958, 757959, 757960, 757971, 757975, 757978, 758046, 758048, 758053, 758079, 758382, 758552, 758834, 758972, 759178, 759186, 759257, 759264, 759270, 759273, 759283, 759565, 759568, 759722, 759732, 759930, 759965, 759976, 759977, 759995, 760280, 760745, 760953, 761177, 761453, 761501, 761620, 761625, 761655, 761826, 762126, 762145, 762158, 762179, 762180, 762285, 762449, 762710, 763100, 763104, 763921, 763939, 764005, 764076, 764655, 764723, 764724, 764779, 764782, 764785, 764791, 764916, 764949, 764950, 764963, 765504, 765506, 765552, 765565, 765572, 765574, 765581, 765590, 765601, 765602, 765658, 765723, 765756, 765865, 765870
A1A6H3, A7WM73, A8MR93, A8MRX0, B9DFX7, F4HTM3, F4IV16, F4JKB6, F4JUY5, F4K0E8, F4K5T2, F4K687, F4KAK5, O04196, O04904, O22048, O22049, O22141, O22216, O22241, O22527, O22682, O22832, O22944, O23145, O23255, O23447, O23553, O23913, O24496, O48661, O48721, O48741, O48870, O48963, O49354, O49394, O49499, O49543, O49707, O50008, O64989, O65201, O65202, O80358, O80458, O80483, O80562, O80568, O80575, O80722, O80860, O82244, O82312, O82392, O82462, O82616, P0C8Y0, P0CZ23, P11035, P13114, P19456, P21218, P24100, P25697, P25856, P25857, P25859, P31414, P32746, P32961, P35510, P37271, P38605, P39207, P42158, P42339, P42697, P42818, P43288, P43289, P43291, P43292, P43294, P45724, P45725, P46010, P46309, P46310, P46312, P46313, P46573, P47735, P48523, P48622, P49333, P51566, P51567, P51568, P54873, P56772, P57681, P92947, P92979, P93032, P93836, P93882, Q05609, Q06327, Q06402, Q06548, Q06850, Q0WP12, Q1ENB6, Q24JL3, Q2PGG3, Q37001, Q38853, Q38932, Q38970, Q38997, Q39008, Q39010, Q39011, Q39012, Q39019, Q39021, Q39022, Q39023, Q39024, Q39025, Q39026, Q39027, Q39030, Q39078, Q39102, Q39119, Q39172, Q39183, Q39218, Q39219, Q39243, Q39249, Q42524, Q42525, Q42536, Q42538, Q42546, Q42588, Q42592, Q42593, Q42600, Q43295, Q52K88, Q56WD9, Q56WN1, Q56YA5, Q56YN3, Q5GM68, Q5IBC5, Q5MFV6, Q5MFV8, Q5TKS8, Q5XF78, Q66GI4, Q67ZJ4, Q680B9, Q680I5, Q6AWU6, Q75W54, Q76FS5, Q7G9P4, Q7XJ91, Q7XJ92, Q84JE8, Q84LM4, Q84MA2, Q84VW9, Q84WM7, Q8GUQ8, Q8GVE8, Q8GW43, Q8GWA2, Q8GWB7, Q8GXA1, Q8GXR9, Q8GY89, Q8GYW7, Q8H151, Q8H191, Q8H1S0, Q8L3X9, Q8L539, Q8L633, Q8L707, Q8L735, Q8L785, Q8L7Q7, Q8L7S6, Q8L850, Q8LB01, Q8LB02, Q8LBZ7, Q8LFC0, Q8LG50, Q8LGU7, Q8RUW5, Q8RX88, Q8RXD9, Q8RY79, Q8S3C2, Q8S895, Q8S8N6, Q8S904, Q8S948, Q8VWJ1, Q8VWZ8, Q8VYN6, Q8VYS2, Q8VZE9, Q8VZU3, Q8W1S1, Q8W2B8, Q8W3L1, Q8W496, Q8W585, Q93YN0, Q93YV0, Q93YW7, Q93ZB2, Q93ZN9, Q93ZY3, Q941L0, Q944I4, Q945K7, Q948J9, Q948R1, Q949X0, Q94AA4, Q94BU8, Q94FB9, Q94JQ6, Q94JV5, Q95Z42, Q96286, Q96287, Q96329, Q9AV97, Q9C524, Q9C550, Q9C5J7, Q9C5M3, Q9C5X8, Q9C5Y0, Q9C6I4, Q9C6Z1, Q9C744, Q9C920, Q9CA40, Q9CAG3, Q9CAK8, Q9CAR5, Q9FF79, Q9FFR3, Q9FG67, Q9FGC7, Q9FGY1, Q9FH02, Q9FI99, Q9FIA0, Q9FIK0, Q9FJV8, Q9FK25, Q9FKG3, Q9FKT9, Q9FKW8, Q9FLG1, Q9FLH8, Q9FLN8, Q9FLT2, Q9FMP3, Q9FN05, Q9FNA2, Q9FNA9, Q9FNJ8, Q9FNX8, Q9FR44, Q9FUJ3, Q9FUR2, Q9FUZ2, Q9FV53, Q9FYC2, Q9FYC7, Q9LDD8, Q9LDH0, Q9LE59, Q9LE86, Q9LF04, Q9LF05, Q9LFR0, Q9LFT6, Q9LIR6, Q9LIS3, Q9LMT2, Q9LN20, Q9LNE3, Q9LNE4, Q9LNR3, Q9LPM9, Q9LPR4, Q9LR30, Q9LR75, Q9LSP1, Q9LSV0, Q9LSZ9, Q9LTR9, Q9LUW0, Q9LV03, Q9LV91, Q9LVM5, Q9LY18, Q9LY19, Q9LY23, Q9LYT1, Q9LYU8, Q9LZ76, Q9M076, Q9M0B6, Q9M0D7, Q9M0F9, Q9M0G0, Q9M0S5, Q9M0V0, Q9M1B9, Q9M1E8, Q9M1W4, Q9M643, Q9M7I7, Q9M879, Q9M880, Q9M881, Q9M9F5, Q9MA87, Q9MAH0, Q9MB58, Q9MBA1, Q9S702, Q9S725, Q9S757, Q9S7E4, Q9S7H8, Q9S7Y7, Q9S850, Q9SA96, Q9SBJ1, Q9SCL7, Q9SD76, Q9SD85, Q9SDL7, Q9SE50, Q9SE83, Q9SEX2, Q9SF85, Q9SGD6, Q9SH69, Q9SI64, Q9SIC4, Q9SID0, Q9SID2, Q9SIE1, Q9SJL8, Q9SLD2, Q9SMY6, Q9SQG2, Q9SQT8, Q9SR59, Q9SS45, Q9SSE7, Q9STI6, Q9SUC0, Q9SWS1, Q9SYK0, Q9SYK4, Q9SYQ8, Q9SZ30, Q9SZ46, Q9SZC9, Q9XFS9, Q9ZPQ3, Q9ZQC6, Q9ZRA2, Q9ZUB3, Q9ZUH4, Q9ZUY3, Q9ZV56, Q9ZVI9, Q9ZVJ5, Q9ZVQ3, Q9ZW22, W6HYK5
SwissProt
brenda
-
TREMBL
brenda
-
33773, 81053, 349273, 390203, 390775, 390939, 393362, 437673, 437767, 439250, 439265, 488611, 488612, 489901, 489963, 637455, 641472, 643409, 645153, 645945, 650126, 652126, 652362, 652650, 652812, 652908, 653488, 653519, 653530, 653664, 653789, 654337, 656786, 659339, 660344, 662197, 662278, 663091, 663132, 663162, 663188, 665680, 665733, 666605, 666632, 669367, 669453, 670556, 672812, 673537, 674814, 675432, 676389, 676436, 676623, 676830, 678892, 680715, 681477, 682342, 682378, 682401, 682408, 682426, 682433, 682473, 684176, 686755, 688427, 689078, 689433, 689573, 689620, 689634, 689937, 690093, 691085, 691390, 691475, 691517, 691701, 692994, 693166, 693420, 693498, 693680, 694208, 694624, 694625, 694636, 694639, 694649, 694657, 694668, 694669, 694670, 694671, 694675, 694682, 694710, 694752, 694774, 694884, 694898, 694918, 695301, 696166, 696261, 697895, 697911, 697951, 697958, 698936, 699265, 699585, 699807, 700222, 700387, 700487, 700629, 700664, 700695, 700720, 700732, 700736, 700739, 700740, 700741, 700755, 700778, 700781, 700805, 700813, 700815, 700817, 700818, 700833, 700864, 700887, 701015, 701227, 701432, 702000, 702045, 702141, 702416, 702478, 703352, 703847, 703859, 704136, 704482, 704513, 704516, 704685, 704864, 704978, 705157, 705363, 705472, 705843, 705948, 706183, 706213, 706216, 706224, 706234, 706242, 706276, 706305, 706314, 706315, 706327, 706356, 706373, 706385, 706537, 709315, 709718, 710138, 710261, 710266, 710267, 710272, 710278, 710301, 711596, 711597, 712484, 712769, 713269, 713274, 713277, 713311, 713317, 713423, 713943, 714360, 715429, 715445, 715448, 715482, 715522, 716322, 716440, 716596, 716623, 716654, 716667, 716700, 716731, 716757, 716914, 718231, 718247, 718460, 718523, 718794, 718879, 718930, 718979, 719254, 719481, 719497, 719541, 719552, 719823, 719840, 719882, 720064, 720091, 720124, 720136, 720512, 720648, 720656, 720670, 720671, 720672, 720679, 720685, 720687, 720701, 720702, 720713, 720728, 720731, 720769, 720856, 720925, 721023, 721048, 721057, 721058, 721089, 721558, 722268, 722352, 722649, 723232, 723278, 723367, 723386, 723409, 723413, 723416, 723428, 723471, 723507, 723629, 723648, 723881, 724236, 724440, 724973, 724994, 725438, 725625, 726102, 726118, 726120, 726128, 726151, 726191, 726219, 726233, 726241, 727395, 727867, 728472, 728474, 728482, 728506, 728528, 728535, 728642, 728833, 728870, 728886, 729046, 729125, 729301, 729429, 729615, 730444, 730480, 730591, 730599, 730609, 730613, 730615, 730635, 730653, 731012, 731062, 732245, 732580, 732617, 732632, 732822, 733258, 733311, 733407, 733567, 733586, 733869, 733903, 734124, 734179, 734217, 734481, 734550, 734560, 734736, 734738, 734777, 734778, 734789, 734799, 734805, 734887, 734895, 734898, 734899, 734905, 734906, 734918, 734920, 734922, 734954, 734955, 734956, 734959, 734962, 734966, 734967, 734974, 734975, 734989, 734994, 735611, 735866, 736408, 736476, 736565, 736668, 736845, 736893, 736975, 736977, 736994, 737026, 737030, 737036, 737037, 737059, 737088, 737259, 737375, 737736, 737745, 737948, 738013, 738333, 738589, 738614, 738817, 739141, 739181, 739189, 739249, 739262, 739274, 739305, 739318, 739319, 739322, 739324, 739346, 739353, 739372, 739373, 739375, 739389, 739397, 739457, 739530, 739761, 740105, 740198, 740238, 740429, 740451, 740514, 740667, 740669, 740682, 740714, 740818, 740819, 740907, 741009, 741067, 741068, 741069, 741106, 741121, 741139, 741148, 741151, 741152, 741155, 741159, 741163, 741170, 741171, 741177, 741195, 741196, 741200, 741208, 741388, 741438, 741502, 741823, 741858, 741866, 741986, 742174, 742194, 742196, 742321, 742334, 742513, 742587, 742594, 742600, 742825, 742829, 742840, 742876, 742993, 742997, 742999, 743003, 743004, 743048, 743084, 743158, 743234, 743272, 743316, 743321, 743334, 743365, 743368, 743403, 743433, 743440, 743441, 743442, 743443, 743445, 743446, 743450, 743452, 743453, 743466, 743473, 743483, 743485, 743487, 743491, 743492, 743496, 743503, 743505, 743510, 743523, 743529, 743536, 743539, 743541, 743598, 743681, 743807, 743815, 743820, 743980, 743996, 744238, 744281, 744389, 744557, 744876, 744898, 744913, 744989, 744990, 745030, 745278, 745326, 745341, 745435, 745466, 745469, 745637, 745737, 745807, 745810, 745835, 745837, 745898, 745959, 746001, 746025, 746028, 746029, 746034, 746037, 746068, 746072, 746078, 746081, 746083, 746085, 746093, 746105, 746109, 746110, 746111, 746115, 746121, 746145, 746146, 746153, 746160, 746161, 746190, 746208, 746241, 746246, 746296, 746452, 746462, 746660, 746920, 746986, 747023, 747030, 747032, 747034, 747173, 747199, 747483, 747641, 747749, 747870, 747871, 748172, 748178, 748233, 748324, 748425, 748488, 748704, 748851, 748869, 748897, 748912, 748948, 748959, 748983, 748986, 748999, 749038, 749048, 749062, 749092, 749117, 749170, 749195, 749271, 749375, 749384, 749639, 749822, 750675, 750823, 751018, 751094, 751100, 751224, 751808, 751838, 751841, 751843, 751844, 751858, 751860, 751885, 751889, 751895, 751954, 752177, 752718, 752893, 753034, 753337, 753707, 753710, 753711, 753747, 754027, 754121, 754234, 754237, 754297, 754483, 754725, 754863, 754913, 755019, 755033, 755037, 755046, 755409, 755451, 755528, 755858, 755949, 755961, 755985, 755996, 756011, 756198, 756317, 756436, 756675, 756700, 756726, 756821, 756833, 756881, 756892, 756976, 757044, 757164, 757185, 757189, 757327, 757332, 757364, 757540, 757543, 757544, 757578, 757705, 757709, 757787, 757863, 757936, 757972, 757974, 757975, 757978, 757980, 757987, 757990, 758003, 758004, 758014, 758017, 758020, 758041, 758042, 758060, 758067, 758089, 758094, 758132, 758162, 758232, 758241, 758313, 758337, 758371, 758387, 758594, 758783, 759043, 759111, 759121, 759194, 759263, 759267, 759272, 759278, 759283, 759284, 759302, 759562, 759572, 759627, 759650, 759667, 759816, 759833, 759844, 759857, 759861, 759907, 759915, 759922, 759951, 759960, 759961, 759963, 759969, 759973, 759980, 760005, 760011, 760062, 760144, 760156, 760193, 760195, 760211, 760279, 760288, 760379, 760480, 760534, 760572, 761129, 761176, 761177, 761180, 761183, 761320, 761468, 761619, 761620, 761624, 761625, 761678, 762019, 762113, 762117, 762129, 762141, 762143, 762144, 762151, 762162, 762163, 762181, 762182, 762183, 762189, 762192, 762193, 762242, 762295, 762438, 762477, 762617, 762849, 762970, 763054, 763097, 763098, 763154, 763268, 763328, 763559, 763560, 763563, 763566, 763581, 763584, 763605, 763679, 763704, 763716, 763728, 764564, 764595, 764745, 764786, 764787, 764789, 764794, 764916, 765274, 765479, 765552, 765567, 765585, 765590, 765592, 765593, 765595, 765596, 765600, 765611, 765621, 765624, 765625, 765629, 765652, 765730
A0A090MHY5, A0A178US77, A0A178V136, A0A178WMD4, A0A1I9LPQ6, A0A1I9LRU1, A0A1P8AP13, A0A1P8AVN4, A0A1P8B3N4, A0A1R7T3A4, A0A2H1ZE58, A0NAB2, A8MQH1, B0T7D7, B1GV57, B2GVM7, B5X582, B6EXY6, B7SFQ0, B9DFG3, B9TSP7, F4HQA8, F4HQM3, F4HSS8, F4HVH9, F4HXY7, F4HYF3, F4HZG9, F4I4K7, F4I6M1, F4I7I0, F4I907, F4IAX0, F4ICF4, F4IF99, F4IFC5, F4IRA7, F4IWV2, F4IXE7, F4J4C8, F4J8K0, F4JAD4, F4JML5, F4JUE3, F4JUU5, F4K2A1, F4K5W8, F4K645, F4K7D6, F4K884, O03042, O04130, O04905, O04928, O22213, O22229, O22265, O22267, O22287, O22446, O22666, O22683, O22765, O22775, O22788, O23051, O23087, O23141, O23179, O23180, O23181, O23346, O23402, O23461, O23614, O23617, O23680, O23722, O48652, O48723, O48916, O48917, O49006, O49203, O49284, O49485, O49562, O49639, O64642, O64697, O64698, O64743, O64752, O64816, O64883, O64903, O65355, O65435, O65782, O78310, O80396, O80437, O80452, O80585, O80612, O80840, O80959, O80983, O81030, O81062, O81077, O81346, O81472, O81770, O81862, O81884, O82200, O82381, O82504, O82796, P06525, P0C7R2, P0DH99, P0DI76, P12265, P14891, P17597, P20115, P20649, P24704, P24806, P25855, P25858, P29976, P30181, P37107, P37702, P38418, P42043, P42738, P42770, P42799, P42804, P46283, P46416, P46421, P47998, P47999, P48421, P48422, P48491, P49597, P51102, P52410, P52839, P53780, P55217, P55826, P57751, P69834, P92558, P92939, P92949, P92981, P92983, P93031, P93033, P93046, P93819, P93831, P93832, P98204, Q04019, Q05085, Q05431, Q08891, Q0WL56, Q0WM36, Q0WRB0, Q0WSS4, Q0WUA3, Q0WVX5, Q1ACB3, Q1G1A4, Q1H537, Q1PE48, Q1PEI6, Q1WIQ6, Q24JJ8, Q2LAE1, Q38802, Q38814, Q38833, Q38854, Q38862, Q38867, Q38882, Q38908, Q38909, Q38911, Q38945, Q38946, Q39055, Q39085, Q39152, Q39189, Q39208, Q3EBF7, Q3ECS3, Q3ED65, Q3EDG5, Q3S4A7, Q42521, Q42523, Q42560, Q42569, Q42605, Q43127, Q43314, Q43727, Q43866, Q4KSH9, Q500Y9, Q500Z2, Q52T38, Q56WH4, Q56ZN0, Q5E924, Q5XET5, Q5XF03, Q66GM9, Q67XZ3, Q67Y55, Q67YC0, Q67ZE1, Q67ZM7, Q6DR03, Q6NLQ8, Q6NPM8, Q6NQA8, Q6NQI8, Q6NQJ6, Q6NQK8, Q6USK2, Q6WWW4, Q6XMI3, Q6ZY51, Q70DU8, Q7G191, Q7G192, Q7G193, Q7XA67, Q7XA86, Q7XJJ7, Q7XJM2, Q84JH7, Q84KJ5, Q84ND9, Q84P21, Q84RJ5, Q84UU4, Q84VV0, Q84VV6, Q84VZ1, Q84WW2, Q8GRX1, Q8GS60, Q8GTY0, Q8GW27, Q8GWG0, Q8GXJ1, Q8GXV5, Q8GXX0, Q8GY91, Q8GYT9, Q8H0W1, Q8H0W2, Q8H116, Q8H133, Q8H183, Q8H1D8, Q8H1E2, Q8I701, Q8L518, Q8L5A7, Q8L649, Q8L743, Q8L799, Q8L7K9, Q8L7R2, Q8L7S0, Q8L7S8, Q8L840, Q8L856, Q8L970, Q8LAH7, Q8LAN3, Q8LAS8, Q8LCE1, Q8LDN8, Q8LDU4, Q8LE52, Q8LEU3, Q8LEV7, Q8LG70, Q8RW90, Q8RWE8, Q8RWH3, Q8RXG3, Q8S8S2, Q8VXV7, Q8VXY9, Q8VY08, Q8VY09, Q8VY26, Q8VYB9, Q8VYG2, Q8VYI3, Q8VYK1, Q8VYP5, Q8VYW1, Q8VYX0, Q8VZ59, Q8VZB2, Q8VZC0, Q8VZC3, Q8VZG7, Q8VZJ1, Q8VZR0, Q8W033, Q8W1X2, Q8W413, Q8W471, Q8W4H7, Q8W4J3, Q8W4P1, Q8W583, Q8W595, Q93V56, Q93VC9, Q93VR3, Q93WC9, Q93WX6, Q93Y23, Q93Y37, Q93YN9, Q93YU6, Q93Z02, Q93ZA0, Q93ZA3, Q93ZB9, Q93ZC9, Q93ZD7, Q93ZF6, Q93ZQ3, Q93ZR1, Q93ZR6, Q93ZW0, Q940V4, Q944B6, Q944H0, Q949P1, Q949Q0, Q949U1, Q949Y3, Q94A03, Q94A82, Q94A97, Q94AA9, Q94AF2, Q94AH8, Q94AP0, Q94B35, Q94B70, Q94B74, Q94CE5, Q94F12, Q94F88, Q94FY7, Q94ID1, Q94ID2, Q94ID3, Q94JM2, Q94JQ4, Q94K43, Q94K85, Q94KE3, Q96242, Q96255, Q96301, Q96323, Q96330, Q96529, Q96533, Q9AR07, Q9AR19, Q9AST3, Q9ASU1, Q9C512, Q9C525, Q9C544, Q9C5C2, Q9C5C4, Q9C5D7, Q9C5G5, Q9C5I1, Q9C5P4, Q9C5W0, Q9C5W3, Q9C5Y2, Q9C6B3, Q9C6B9, Q9C6D2, Q9C6L1, Q9C6Z2, Q9C7W7, Q9C826, Q9C888, Q9C8G9, Q9C8L4, Q9C8M3, Q9C8W3, Q9C8Y9, Q9C969, Q9C971, Q9C9C9, Q9C9D0, Q9C9H5, Q9C9P4, Q9C9W5, Q9CA75, Q9CA90, Q9CAB7, Q9CAF2, Q9CAH5, Q9CAN8, Q9CAY3, Q9FF80, Q9FFG6, Q9FFP6, Q9FFQ5, Q9FGM0, Q9FGY9, Q9FH76, Q9FHA4, Q9FI21, Q9FI37, Q9FI53, Q9FI76, Q9FI78, Q9FIE8, Q9FIN1, Q9FIY1, Q9FJB4, Q9FJI2, Q9FJI5, Q9FJU4, Q9FJV0, Q9FJZ3, Q9FKI4, Q9FL12, Q9FL33, Q9FLC8, Q9FLH2, Q9FLT0, Q9FLW2, Q9FM97, Q9FMA5, Q9FMJ4, Q9FMT1, Q9FMV1, Q9FMW8, Q9FMY1, Q9FN02, Q9FN30, Q9FNE9, Q9FNF2, Q9FNK4, Q9FNN1, Q9FNP9, Q9FPF0, Q9FRL8, Q9FUJ1, Q9FUP0, Q9FUS6, Q9FUS8, Q9FUS9, Q9FUT0, Q9FUY7, Q9FVC4, Q9FVC8, Q9FVE6, Q9FVQ6, Q9FWA3, Q9FWR4, Q9FWR5, Q9FX01, Q9FX43, Q9FX54, Q9FY48, Q9FY99, Q9FZ22, Q9FZ49, Q9FZ62, Q9FZ80, Q9FZG4, Q9LDD5, Q9LDF2, Q9LDR4, Q9LDU6, Q9LDV4, Q9LE33, Q9LF79, Q9LFA6, Q9LFG2, Q9LFU1, Q9LFU9, Q9LFW1, Q9LG26, Q9LHN8, Q9LHS7, Q9LIH6, Q9LIK9, Q9LIQ4, Q9LIR4, Q9LIS1, Q9LJB4, Q9LJH5, Q9LJK1, Q9LJK2, Q9LJK3, Q9LJL4, Q9LJP4, Q9LK23, Q9LK88, Q9LK94, Q9LKB2, Q9LKJ1, Q9LM69, Q9LML7, Q9LMM0, Q9LMR3, Q9LMX8, Q9LNE6, Q9LNJ4, Q9LPW0, Q9LR29, Q9LRR7, Q9LRR9, Q9LSF8, Q9LT69, Q9LTX3, Q9LU10, Q9LU36, Q9LUZ9, Q9LVF0, Q9LVN7, Q9LVQ0, Q9LVW3, Q9LVY1, Q9LW27, Q9LX12, Q9LXN3, Q9LY74, Q9LY82, Q9LY87, Q9LYD8, Q9LYG3, Q9LZI2, Q9LZJ3, Q9LZV3, Q9M001, Q9M066, Q9M0A5, Q9M0A7, Q9M0H6, Q9M1G8, Q9M1R1, Q9M1S8, Q9M2U2, Q9M3B0, Q9M591, Q9M5K2, Q9M8S8, Q9M8Y0, Q9M9H6, Q9M9P3, Q9M9V6, Q9MAC9, Q9MAH3, Q9MAJ7, Q9MAQ0, Q9S752, Q9S777, Q9S795, Q9S7A0, Q9S7B5, Q9S7D1, Q9S7H4, Q9S7I0, Q9S7N2, Q9S7Z3, Q9S9N9, Q9SA14, Q9SAC6, Q9SAH5, Q9SAJ6, Q9SAK2, Q9SAK4, Q9SAR0, Q9SB00, Q9SB48, Q9SB60, Q9SBA5, Q9SCP7, Q9SEI4, Q9SEL7, Q9SF04, Q9SF23, Q9SFU3, Q9SGH6, Q9SGU9, Q9SH30, Q9SH93, Q9SHH6, Q9SHH7, Q9SHH8, Q9SHJ5, Q9SHP0, Q9SI62, Q9SIB9, Q9SID3, Q9SIU0, Q9SJ66, Q9SJ89, Q9SJM7, Q9SJQ0, Q9SK82, Q9SKB3, Q9SKE2, Q9SKX5, Q9SL49, Q9SLA0, Q9SLK0, Q9SMN1, Q9SMP5, Q9SMT7, Q9SMZ4, Q9SN58, Q9SN86, Q9SN95, Q9SND6, Q9SPM5, Q9SR15, Q9SR37, Q9SR43, Q9SR86, Q9SRQ2, Q9SRT9, Q9SRW9, Q9SS04, Q9SSE9, Q9STG6, Q9STG9, Q9STS1, Q9STV0, Q9STX2, Q9SU14, Q9SU50, Q9SU56, Q9SU79, Q9SU91, Q9SUG3, Q9SUR6, Q9SV43, Q9SVM9, Q9SVP6, Q9SVQ1, Q9SW18, Q9SWE5, Q9SWG0, Q9SWH5, Q9SX65, Q9SXE1, Q9SXL4, Q9SXP7, Q9SY55, Q9SYG7, Q9SYH1, Q9SYH3, Q9SYJ2, Q9SYJ4, Q9SYM4, Q9SZ92, Q9SZB3, Q9SZW7, Q9SZZ8, Q9T0A7, Q9T0I8, Q9XES1, Q9XF43, Q9XGM8, Q9XGZ0, Q9XI62, Q9XI84, Q9XIG1, Q9ZNT0, Q9ZNZ7, Q9ZPI5, Q9ZQ99, Q9ZQI7, Q9ZRP7, Q9ZRW8, Q9ZSA2, Q9ZSK1, Q9ZT48, Q9ZT84, Q9ZU40, Q9ZU51, Q9ZUC1, Q9ZUX1, Q9ZUX7, Q9ZV19, Q9ZV28, Q9ZV36, Q9ZV40, Q9ZV87, Q9ZVI7, Q9ZVL6, Q9ZW27, Q9ZW28, Q9ZW29, Q9ZW86, Q9ZWT1
UniProt
brenda
(L.) Heynh. ecotypes Columbia (Col), Landsberg erecta (Ler), wassilewskija (Ws) and Nossen (Nos)
Uniprot
brenda
(L.) Heynh. plants (ecotype Col-0) and AAP8 deficiency mutant, deficiency mutant shows strongly affected seed development with reduced intracellular Asp and Glu and increased Pro content
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brenda
(L.) Heynta wild-type ecotype Columbia(Col-0)
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brenda
10 cesA genes
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-
brenda
108 accessions, gene itpk3-1
UniProt
brenda
12 genes coding for protein disulfide isomerase. Expression of six PDI genes is significantly up-regulated by unfolded protein response and sharply attenuated by the transcription inhibitor, actinomycin D. PDI and binding protein BIP2 expression is not affected in the unfolded protein response signaling mediator Atire1-2 mutant. The expression of four PDI genes is decreased in the unfolded protein response signaling mediator Atbzip60 mutant
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-
brenda
14 isozymes of the three main CDPK subgroups: CPKs 2, 4, 5, 11 and 25 from subgroup 1, CPKs 3, 9 and 19 from subgroup 2, and CPKs 7, 8, 10, 13, 30 and 32 from subgroup 3
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brenda
17 genes are annotated as putative COMTs in Arabidopsis
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-
brenda
2 dual-targeted isozymes
SwissProt
brenda
2 families of acyl-CoA thioesterases due to their localization: 1. isozymes ACH1 and ACH2, 2. isozymes ACH4 and ACH5
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brenda
2 families of acyl-CoA thioesterases: 1. peroxisomal family comprising ACH1 and ACH2, 2. endoplasmic family comprising ACH4 and ACH5
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-
brenda
2 genes hmg1 and hmg2 encode 2 isozymes HMG1 and HMG2
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-
brenda
2 genesAtCPO-1 and AtCPO-2, the latter being a pseudogene
SwissProt
brenda
2 genotypes
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-
brenda
2 isozymes ADK1 and ADK2
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-
brenda
2 isozymes ADK1 and ADK2
SwissProt
brenda
2 isozymes DGK1 and DGK2
SwissProt
brenda
2 isozymes Ipk2alpha and Ipk2beta
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-
brenda
24 PAT family members
B3DN87, O80685, Q0WQK2, Q3EBC2, Q3EC11, Q500Z2, Q52T38, Q5M757, Q6DR03, Q7XA86, Q8L5Y5, Q8VYP5, Q8VYS8, Q93VV0, Q94C49, Q9C533, Q9FLM3, Q9LIE4, Q9LIH7, Q9M115, Q9M1K5, Q9M306, Q9SB58
UniProt
brenda
3 genes encoding 3 different isozymes: asp1 is mitochondrial, asp3 is amyloplastidic and asp2 is cytosolic
-
-
brenda
3 insect-cell-produced XETs: EXGT, TCH4 and MERI-5, EXGT belongs to XET class I, TCH4 and MERI-5 to XET class II
-
-
brenda
3 isoenzymes NIT1-3
-
-
brenda
3 isoforms, recombinant enzymes, fast increase in enzyme product in response to sulfate deprivation
-
-
brenda
3 isozymes encoded on SMT1, SMT2, SMT3
-
-
brenda
3 isozymes encoded on SMT1, SMT2, SMT3
Uniprot
brenda
3 isozymes specific for subcellular compartment: SAT-c, SAT-m, SAT-p
-
-
brenda
4 genes, 3 of them encoded in a cluster, 2 isoforms of vegetative vacuolar processing enzymes alpha-VPE and beta-VPE
-
-
brenda
4 isoforms, all induced by drought stress
-
-
brenda
4 isozymes NADP-ME1-4
-
-
brenda
4 weeks old, AtPLC2
SwissProt
brenda
4-6-week-old rosette stage wild type, At3g29590, a mutant line incapable of producing malonylated anthocyanins and transgenic line harboring anRNAi silencing cassette for the enzyme
-
-
brenda
40 TPS genes
-
-
brenda
4CL is encoded by a family of four genes 4CL1-4CL4
-
-
brenda
5 genes encoding G3Pps
-
-
brenda
5 genes, including 1 plastidic isozyme
-
-
brenda
54 GST genes of the Arabidopsis thaliana GST superfamily
UniProt
brenda
8 isozymes
SwissProt
brenda
8 isozymes
UniProt
brenda
9 AtCAD genes, 2 paralogs AtCAD-C and AtCAD-D
Uniprot
brenda
9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED2, chloroplastic, precursor
SwissProt
brenda
a D144N muation in the GnTI of cgl mutant lacking GnTI activity is molecular basis of the defect
-
-
brenda
a single gene of chloroplast origin codes for mitochondrial and chloroplastic isozyme
-
-
brenda
a single gene of chloroplast origin codes for mitochondrial and chloroplastic isozyme
SwissProt
brenda
about 3fold induction by (+)- or (-)-abscisate and about 15fold induction by 8,8,8-trifluoro-abscisate
-
-
brenda
Accession number Y10477
-
-
brenda
accessions C24 and Col-0
UniProt
brenda
activity is not regulated by light-dependent changes in stromal pH value, Mg2+ or redox potential
SwissProt
brenda
ACX1
SwissProt
brenda
ACX1.2
UniProt
brenda
ACX2
SwissProt
brenda
ACX3
SwissProt
brenda
ACX4
SwissProt
brenda
additionally shows flavone 3'-O-methyltransferase activity, reaction of EC 2.1.1.42, and N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase activity, reaction of EC 2.1.1.4
SwissProt
brenda
AGT1 nucleotide sequence
SwissProt
brenda
allelic mutants gcs1-1 and gcs1-2, which display abnormal enlargement
-
-
brenda
alpha and beta subunit
UniProt
brenda
alpha and beta subunits, encoded by GDH1 and GDH2
UniProt
brenda
alpha chain 1
SwissProt
brenda
alpha chain 2
SwissProt
brenda
although five DHAR-like genes have been reported in Arabidopsis, three are annotated to encode functional proteins, namely DHAR1, DHAR2 , and DHAR3. DHAR4 appears to be a pseudogene. DHAR1 has also been described as DHAR5
UniProt
brenda
although five DHAR-like genes have been reported in Arabidopsis, three are annotated to encode functional proteins, namely DHAR1, DHAR2, and DHAR3. DHAR4 appears to be a pseudogene. DHAR1 has also been described as DHAR5
UniProt
brenda
an aos knockout line, aos-ko gl-1
UniProt
brenda
and mutant accession Landsberg erecta
UniProt
brenda
and O82568, dual-specificity enzymes, activities of EC 2.7.8.1 and EC 2.7.8.2
SwissProt
brenda
APL1
GenBank
brenda
APL1
SwissProt
brenda
APL1; two genes encode small subunits APS1 and APS2, and four large subunits APL1-APL4
GenBank
brenda
APL2
SwissProt
brenda
APL2; two genes encode small subunits APS1 and APS2, and four large subunits APL1-APL4
SwissProt
brenda
APL3
SwissProt
brenda
APL3; two genes encode small subunits APS1 and APS2, and four large subunits APL1-APL4
SwissProt
brenda
APL4; two genes encode small subunits APS1 and APS2, and four large subunits APL1-APL4
SwissProt
brenda
APR1; 3 genes APR1, APR2, and APR3, 3 isozymes APR1p, APR2p, and APR3p
SwissProt
brenda
APS kinase gene Atakn1
SwissProt
brenda
APS kinase gene Atakn2
SwissProt
brenda
APS1
GenBank
brenda
APS1; gene APS1
UniProt
brenda
APS1; two genes encode small subunits APS1 and APS2, and four large subunits APL1-APL4
GenBank
brenda
APS2; gene APS2
UniProt
brenda
APS2; isozyme ATPS2, gene At1g19920 or APS2
UniProt
brenda
APS3; gene APS3
UniProt
brenda
APS4; gene APS4
UniProt
brenda
APT2
GenBank
brenda
Arabidopsis genome contains 56 subtilase genes
-
-
brenda
Arabidopsis thaliana irregular xylem 4 (irx4) mutant
-
-
brenda
At FatA1 and At FatB1
-
-
brenda
at least two different transcripts are expressed. SUVR4a contains 9 exons with an ORF of 1395 bp (465 amino acids). Alternative splice variant, SUVR4b, retains the 81 bp second intron, resulting in an ORF of 1476 bp
UniProt
brenda
At-ATP-PRT1
SwissProt
brenda
At-ATP-PRT2
-
-
brenda
At1g28660
UniProt
brenda
At1g55920 SERAT2.1; T-DNA insertion mutants for cytosolic serine acetyltransferase (csat) and plastidic serine acetyltransferase (psat), double mutants of both isoforms (dmsat), and Columbia-0 wild-type
SwissProt
brenda
At4CL1
SwissProt
brenda
At4g24160; gene At4g24160
UniProt
brenda
At4g34050; ecotypes Columbia (Col-0) and Wassilewskija (WS)
SwissProt
brenda
At5g56760, SERAT1.1; T-DNA insertion mutants for cytosolic serine acetyltransferase (csat) and plastidic serine acetyltransferase (psat), double mutants of both isoforms (dmsat), and Columbia-0 wild-type
SwissProt
brenda
AtBCAT-1
SwissProt
brenda
AtBCAT-2
SwissProt
brenda
AtBCAT-3
SwissProt
brenda
AtBCAT-4
SwissProt
brenda
AtBCAT-5
SwissProt
brenda
AtBCAT-6
SwissProt
brenda
AtFPG-1, enzyme exists in 2 splicing variants: AtFPG-1 and -2
SwissProt
brenda
AtFPG-2, enzyme exists in 2 splicing variants: AtFPG-1 and -2
SwissProt
brenda
AtG3Pp1; gene AtG3Pp1
UniProt
brenda
AtG3Pp2; 5 genes encoding G3Pps
UniProt
brenda
AtG3Pp3; 5 genes encoding G3Pps
UniProt
brenda
AtG3Pp4; gene AtG3Pp4
UniProt
brenda
AtGDH, wild type and AtGDH T-DNA insertion mutants, line N501490 and N526859
-
-
brenda
AtGulLO2; isozyme AtGulLO2
UniProt
brenda
AtGulLO3; isozyme AtGulLO3
UniProt
brenda
AtGulLO5; isozyme AtGulLO5
UniProt
brenda
AtHMA3 gene
SwissProt
brenda
AthTRZ1, wild-type and mutant variants studied
-
-
brenda
AtIPT1
-
-
brenda
AtIPT1
Uniprot
brenda
AtIPT3
-
-
brenda
AtIPT4
-
-
brenda
AtIPT4
Uniprot
brenda
AtIPT5
-
-
brenda
AtIPT7
-
-
brenda
AtITPK4 protein is distinguished from the other proteins by an extended N-terminal sequence (39 residues longer than that of AtITPK2). A blast search with amino acids 1-80 of AtITPK4 as query fails to identify significant homology to any proteins of other known functional annotation. In alignment, AtITPK4 has an extra 121 amino acids N-terminal to the start of the Entamoeba enzyme. AtITPK4 shows 14.9% identity and 25.7% similarity to the Entamoeba enzyme in a pairwise alignment.
SwissProt
brenda
AtkdsA1
SwissProt
brenda
AtlpxD1; gene AtlpxD1
UniProt
brenda
atMGD1
-
-
brenda
atMGD3
SwissProt
brenda
AtNTRA
SwissProt
brenda
AtNTRB
SwissProt
brenda
AtPAO2
UniProt
brenda
AtPAO3
SwissProt
brenda
AtPAO5
Uniprot
brenda
AtPLA I
-
-
brenda
AtPLA IIA
-
-
brenda
ATPLC1; ecotype Columbia-0
UniProt
brenda
AtPLC1S, AtPLC2, delta-related isotypes
-
-
brenda
ATPLC2; ecotype Columbia-0
SwissProt
brenda
ATPLC3; ecotype Columbia-0
UniProt
brenda
ATPLC4; ecotype Columbia-0
SWissProt
brenda
ATPLC5; ecotype Columbia-0
UniProt
brenda
ATPLC6; ecotype Columbia-0
UniProt
brenda
ATPLC7; ecotype Columbia-0
UniProt
brenda
ATPLC8; ecotype Columbia-0
UniProt
brenda
ATPLC9; ecotype Columbia-0
UniProt
brenda
AtPop1p protein with RNase P activity
L0N807
UniProt
brenda
AtUK/UPRT1; ecotype Col-0, several strains, natural chimeric gene AtUK/UPRT1 encoding uridine kinase, UK, and uracil phosphoribosyltransferase, UPRT
SwissProt
brenda
AY604007, GenBank synthetic gene
-
-
brenda
bifunctional 2-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-benzoquinone/2-methyl-6-solanyl-1,4-benzoquinone methyltransferase
UniProt
brenda
bifunctional 3,5-epimerase/4-keto reductase
Swissprot
brenda
bifunctional 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase
SwissProt
brenda
bifunctional 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase, recombinant enzyme, expressed in yeast
SwissProt
brenda
bifunctional aspartate aminotransferase and glutamate/aspartate-prephenate aminotransferase
SwissProt
brenda
bifunctional dethiobiotin synthetase/diaminopelargonic acid aminotransferase
UniProt
brenda
bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase 1, cf. EC 2.1.1.45
UniProt
brenda
bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase 2, cf. EC 2.1.1.45
UniProt
brenda
bifunctional dolabella-3,7-dien-18-ol synthase/dolathalia-3,7,11-triene synthase, reactions of EC 4.2.3.167 and EC 4.2.3.168, respectively
UniProt
brenda
bifunctional enzyme
-
-
brenda
bifunctional enzyme dethiobiotin synthetase-diaminopelargonic acid aminotransferase, gene produces a bicistronic transcript potentially encoding separate monofunctional proteins that can be produced following an alternative splicing mechanism
UniProt
brenda
bifunctional enzyme showing aspartate dehydrogenase and aspartate kinase activity
-
-
brenda
bifunctional enzyme, L-fucokinase and GDP-L-fucose diphosphorylase activities
-
-
brenda
bifunctional enzyme, possesses brassinosteroid C-6 oxidase and brassinolide synthase activity, reactions of ECs 1.14.14.179 and 1.14.14.180
UniProt
brenda
bifunctional enzyme, quinolinate synthase activity and stimulation of CpNifS cysteine desulfurase activity. Encoded by OLD5, onset of leaf death5
-
-
brenda
bifunctional epimerase and aldolase, EC 4.1.2.25
UniProt
brenda
bifunctional epimerase, EC 5.1.99.8, and aldolase
UniProt
brenda
bifunctional L-galactose 1-phosphate phosphatase/myo-inositol monophosphatase
UniProt
brenda
bifunctional riboflavin kinase/FMN phosphatase
UniProt
brenda
bifunctional uridine kinase/uracil phosphoribosyltransferase UK/UPRT1
SwissProt
brenda
BIO3; gene bio3
UniProt
brenda
brassinosteroid enhances the expression of the auxin-responsive ACC synthase 4
SwissProt
brenda
Bxl1; bifunctional beta-D-xylosidase/alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase
SwissProt
brenda
C24
-
-
brenda
carrying a T-DNA insertion in the At3g47930 gene
UniProt
brenda
catalytic subunit of the probable trimeric SNF1-related protein kinase (SnRK) complex
SwissProt
brenda
catalyzes reactions of EC 1.1.1.237 and EC 1.1.1.81
UniProt
brenda
catalyzes reactions of EC 1.1.1.29 and EC 1.1.1.26
UniProt
brenda
catalyzes reactions of EC 1.1.1.79 and EC 1.1.1.81
UniProt
brenda
catalyzes reactions of EC 1.1.1.79, EC 1.1.1.81, EC 1.1.1.237
UniProt
brenda
cDNA clone
SwissProt
brenda
cell division protease ftsH homolog 1, chloroplast precursor
SwissProt
brenda
cellulose synthase 3; Columbia-0 ecotype, gene cesA
SwissProt
brenda
cellulose synthase A catalytic subunit 6 (UDP-forming)
SwissProt
brenda
cellulose synthase A catalytic subunit 7 [UDP-forming]
SwissProt
brenda
CESA4
UniProt
brenda
CESA7
SwissProt
brenda
CESA8
UniProt
brenda
cf. EC 1.1.1.29
UniProt
brenda
cf. EC 1.14.14.179, bifunctional brassinosteroid 6-oxygenase and brassinolide synthase
UniProt
brenda
cf. EC 1.14.14.180, bifunctional brassinosteroid 6-oxygenase and brassinolide synthase
UniProt
brenda
cf. EC 1.16.3.1
UniProt
brenda
cf. EC 1.2.1.3
UniProt
brenda
cf. EC 1.3.1.42
UniProt
brenda
cf. EC 1.5.1.20
UniProt
brenda
cf. EC 1.6.5.4
UniProt
brenda
cf. EC 2.5.1.29; gene AtIDS6
UniProt
brenda
cf. EC 2.5.1.29; gene AtIDS7
UniProt
brenda
cf. EC 2.5.1.29; gene AtIDS9
UniProt
brenda
cf. EC 2.7.9.1
UniProt
brenda
cf. EC 2.8.1.1
GenBank
brenda
cf. EC 2.8.1.2
GenBank
brenda
cf. EC 3.1.30.1; gene ENDO1
UniProt
brenda
cf. EC 3.1.30.1; gene ENDO2
UniProt
brenda
cf. EC 3.2.1.21
UniProt
brenda
cf. EC 3.6.1.5
SwissProt
brenda
cf. EC 3.6.1.5
UniProt
brenda
cf. EC 7.2.2.10
UniProt
brenda
chl27-t knock-down mutant
UniProt
brenda
chlm mutant (ABN42 line) of the ecotype Wassilewskija (WS)
-
-
brenda
chloroplast enzyme
UniProt
brenda
chloroplast isozyme; gene chlG
UniProt
brenda
chloroplast precursor
UniProt
brenda
coexistence of cycloartenol synthase and lanosterol synthase
-
-
brenda
coexistence of lanosterol synthase and cycloartenol synthase, comparison of sequences and discussion of specific roles of enzymes
-
-
brenda
Col ecotype
Swissprot
brenda
Col-0
-
-
brenda
Col-0 accession
-
-
brenda
Col-0 ecotype
-
-
brenda
Col-0, Ws-0, gene OPCL1
-
-
brenda
Columbia
-
-
brenda
Columbia
Q9LFG7
GenBank
brenda
Columbia
UniProt
brenda
Columbia Col 0 ecotype, three different proteins named AtRTL1-AtRTL3
-
-
brenda
Columbia ecotype
-
-
brenda
Columbia ecotype
SwissProt
brenda
Columbia wild-type
-
-
brenda
Columbia, strain T87
-
-
brenda
Columbia-0
SwissProt
brenda
Columbia-0 ecotype
-
-
brenda
Columbia-0 ecotype, three APR isozymes
-
-
brenda
Columbia-O ecotype
-
-
brenda
comparative and phylogenetic analysis of alpha-L-fucosidase genes
-
-
brenda
comparison of thermal stability with enzymes from Pseudomonas sp. strain 101, Moraxella sp. C1, Candida boidinii, and Glycine max, all recombinant proteins, expressed in Escherichia coli
-
-
brenda
component E1, 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase isoform 1, cf. EC 1.2.4.2
UniProt
brenda
component E1, 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase isoform 2, cf. EC 1.2.4.2
UniProt
brenda
constitutive single copy gene
-
-
brenda
contains over a dozen rhomboid-like genes
-
-
brenda
cultivar Columbia, Landsberg erecta
-
-
brenda
cultivar Landsberg erecta
-
-
brenda
cultivar Landsberg erecta
UniProt
brenda
cultivar Wassilewskija
-
-
brenda
cultivar Wisconsin
-
-
brenda
cv. Col-0
-
-
brenda
cv. Col-0, gene ABA1/ZEP
-
-
brenda
cv. Columbia
-
-
brenda
cv. Columbia
UniProt
brenda
cv. Columbia and heterozygous mutant line F2KP-KO
-
-
brenda
cv. Columbia, gene BANYULS
-
-
brenda
cv. Columbia, gene var2
-
-
brenda
cv. Columbia-0
-
-
brenda
cv. Columbia-0
SwissProt
brenda
cv. Columbia-0, gene NDPK3a, isozyme NDPK3a
-
-
brenda
cyclophilin CYP20-3
SwissProt
brenda
CYP79B2; Col-0 ecotype
UniProt
brenda
CYP79B3; Col-0 ecotype
UniProt
brenda
cytoplasmic valRS
SwissProt
brenda
cytoslic isozyme
-
-
brenda
cytosolic acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase 1
UniProt
brenda
cytosolic acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase 2
UniProt
brenda
cytosolic and plastidic isoenzyme
-
-
brenda
cytosolic isozyme AACT2; ecotype Columbia, gene ACT2
UniProt
brenda
DAPDC2; gene DAPDC2
SwissProt
brenda
delayed-leaf-senescence mutant
-
-
brenda
DFC; gene dfc encoding isozyme DFC
UniProt
brenda
Dicer, a class III RNase III containing an N-terminal ATP-dependent RNA helicase domain, a PAZ motif, and 2 C-terminal endonuclease domains followed by a single dsRNA binding domain
-
-
brenda
different mutants: mutations in genes involved in the ethylene signal transduction pathway and a mutation at the start of exon 2
UniProt
brenda
diverse isozymes, overview
-
-
brenda
domain E
SwissProt
brenda
domain G; commentary
SwissProt
brenda
dual-specificity enzyme, activities of EC 2.7.8.1 and EC 2.7.8.2
SwissProt
brenda
DXR; gene ispC
Swissprot
brenda
E1alpha component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex PDH
-
-
brenda
EC2.6.1.4, EC2.6.1.2, EC2.6.1.44; isoform GGT2
Swissprot
brenda
ecotype C24
-
-
brenda
ecotype C24
SwissProt
brenda
ecotype C24 and ecotype Col0 differ in exchanges D301G and K339N
UniProt
brenda
ecotype C24 and ecotype Col0 differ in exchanges W183R and S344T
UniProt
brenda
ecotype C24, ecotype Co10
-
-
brenda
ecotype C24, ecotype Col-0
-
-
brenda
ecotype C24, WS, and Columbia
-
-
brenda
ecotype Co-0
-
-
brenda
ecotype Co-0
SwissProt
brenda
ecotype Col
-
-
brenda
ecotype Col 7
UniProt
brenda
ecotype Col-0
683188, 690834, 693420, 694178, 700485, 700813, 705370, 705377, 713271, 714531, 716454, 716515, 716535, 716561, 716657, 720025, 720327, 720893, 723425, 723449, 725016, 726215, 726225, 726232, 728457, 728980, 729604, 730652, 733588, 733918, 734892, 734893, 734912, 734921, 734937, 734942, 735865, 739358, 739370, 739430, 742036, 742590, 742595, 743464, 746150, 746997, 747430, 747874, 748333, 748334, 748487, 748981, 749141, 750674, 751845, 751850, 751894, 755040, 757153, 757966, 757969, 758091, 758764, 759964, 760025, 760986, 761176, 762147, 762872, 762968, 763580, 763646, 765161, 765556
-
-
brenda
ecotype Col-0
GenBank
brenda
ecotype Col-0
668202, 676421, 676556, 728500, 736843, 741194, 756230, 757973, 759275, 759906, 762127, 762149
Q39249, Q76FS5, Q8GY89, Q8S948, Q94JQ6, Q9FFN7, Q9FG67, Q9FKS0, Q9LE06, Q9LFP0, Q9LMT2
SwissProt
brenda
ecotype Col-0
681242, 716537, 726249, 739293, 739312, 742480, 742863, 743444, 743484, 743548, 743607, 743675, 745997, 757973, 758509, 762024, 762127, 765577
F4HPZ9, F4JBY2, O04130, O49485, P55826, Q1PDI2, Q93YN9, Q9C509, Q9FMV7, Q9LT69, Q9LW27, Q9M9M4, Q9S795, Q9SMP5, Q9STS1, Q9XI55, Q9ZUX1
UniProt
brenda
ecotype Col-0, 3 isozymes OPR1-3
-
-
brenda
ecotype Col-0, gene At3g14067
Q0WWH7
UniProt
brenda
ecotype Col-0, gene dr2
-
-
brenda
ecotype Col-1, genes IMD1, IMD2, and IMD3
-
-
brenda
ecotype Col-2
-
-
brenda
ecotype Col-2
UniProt
brenda
ecotype Col-8
-
-
brenda
ecotype Col-O, gene CHS
-
-
brenda
ecotype Col0
-
-
brenda
ecotype Colombia-0
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia
3698, 209669, 392566, 393861, 393865, 485607, 487886, 487889, 487890, 487893, 636819, 636837, 637379, 637673, 653538, 653549, 656411, 656414, 657501, 660121, 661736, 662384, 663031, 663097, 666624, 667800, 668627, 670564, 670587, 675661, 676459, 676483, 676508, 680633, 681140, 682290, 682390, 682393, 682419, 682427, 682466, 682470, 683975, 685836, 688078, 688095, 689490, 689572, 693417, 694587, 694617, 694627, 694633, 694666, 694677, 694694, 694775, 700771, 700806, 706230, 706395, 708285, 713295, 715116, 715510, 716044, 716522, 716526, 716534, 716542, 716648, 716794, 718730, 720132, 720135, 720673, 722260, 723410, 723467, 726013, 726146, 726233, 728308, 729621, 734552, 734886, 734938, 736162, 736996, 739277, 743451, 745626, 746121, 747231, 748967, 752034, 757241, 760362, 760536, 764097, 765532, 765614
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia
637673, 652078, 660234, 660249, 670564, 676423, 685002, 689608, 689669, 696838, 708075, 722347, 726158, 730618, 733589, 734139, 741197, 741215, 765555
O22850, O49434, O64989, P46313, P54150, Q42592, Q42593, Q8GXG1, Q8GY89, Q8H151, Q8H1S0, Q8VZA5, Q949X0, Q9FG67, Q9FLN8, Q9FN52, Q9LDD8, Q9LQF2, Q9S762, Q9SE50
SwissProt
brenda
ecotype Columbia
210042, 487887, 487894, 640159, 653237, 670581, 688090, 689409, 689530, 694641, 694665, 699791, 700741, 703866, 713423, 716024, 718775, 722657, 735027, 739458, 742992, 746020, 751608, 762148, 765039, 765155, 765541
F4I907, O22229, O82768, O82782, P14671, P25858, P50318, P93832, Q42569, Q8H116, Q8LAX0, Q8W493, Q94JQ3, Q96255, Q9AR07, Q9C512, Q9FKW6, Q9FMT1, Q9FMU6, Q9FVQ6, Q9LD57, Q9LSF8, Q9LTG0, Q9M8Y0, Q9S7Z3, Q9SA14, Q9SJM7, Q9SKE2, Q9SS04, Q9SVP6, Q9SZW4
UniProt
brenda
ecotype Columbia (Col)
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia 0
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia 0
SwissProt
brenda
ecotype Columbia 2
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia Col-0
SwissProt
brenda
ecotype Columbia Col-0, 2 genes: ACAULIS5, i.e. ACL5, and SPMS
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia Col-0, gene ATHCOR1
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia for wild-type, ecotype Bensheim for transgenic plants
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia, ClpS1 (nClpC like)
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia, Col-2
Uniprot
brenda
ecotype Columbia, ecotype Wassilewskija
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia, isoenzyme AtGolS1
UniProt
brenda
ecotype Columbia, isoenzyme AtGolS2
UniProt
brenda
ecotype Columbia, isoenzyme AtGolS3
UniProt
brenda
ecotype Columbia, isozyme GSTU19, a tau class GST
UniProt
brenda
ecotype Columbia, Landsberg erecta, Wassilewskija
UniProt
brenda
ecotype Columbia, nuclear encoded enzyme
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia, single copy GBSSI gene
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia-0
676635, 682333, 691980, 694712, 712609, 716358, 716574, 720703, 720921, 726144, 730425, 730600, 733864, 736154, 736984, 737249, 739399, 747432, 747872, 748922, 748929, 751847, 755031, 757335, 757986, 758648, 759276, 759958, 760009, 761181, 762132, 763586, 765623
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia-0
SwissProt
brenda
ecotype Columbia-0
690824, 722246, 739275, 741992, 742593, 743430, 751842, 751898, 755046, 757335, 760361, 762164, 765385, 765587
F4HZG9, O81024, P49040, Q00917, Q42569, Q8GUK6, Q8LBA6, Q8LDP6, Q93YN9, Q9FMN2, Q9FMV7, Q9LTX3, Q9LW27, Q9SF47, Q9SMP5, Q9SRZ6, Q9ZRW8, Q9ZUX1
UniProt
brenda
ecotype Columbia-0, gene SSL4 or At3g51420
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia-0, gene SSL5 or At3g51430
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia-0, gene XEG113
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia-0, single gene
UniProt
brenda
ecotype Columbia-0, wild-type or mutant lacking AtGWD2
UniProt
brenda
ecotype Columbia-O
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia. The var1 variegation mutant, which is defective in AtFtsH5, has coordinate reduction in the AtFtsH2 and 8 pair. The levels of both pairs are restired to normal in var1 plants that overexpress AtFtsH1
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia: wild-type plant, mutant plant irx9 (T-DNA insertion (SALK_058238) in the irx9 mutant disrupts an IRX9 exon that encodes part of the putative catalytic domain), or mutant plant irx9 complemented with IRX9 wild-type protein
-
-
brenda
ecotype Columbia:2
-
-
brenda
ecotype Enkheim 2
-
-
brenda
ecotype Landsberg erecta
-
-
brenda
ecotype Landsberg erecta
SwissProt
brenda
ecotype Landsberg erecta and Columbia
-
-
brenda
ecotype Landsberg erecta, genes 4CL1 and 4CL2
-
-
brenda
ecotype Landsberg erecta. Snowy cotyledon 1 mutant contains a mutation in a gene encoding the chloroplast elongation factor G, leading to an amino acid exchange within the predicted 70S ribosome-binding domain. The mutation results in a delay in the onset of germination. At this early developmental stage embryos still contain undifferntiated proplastids, whose proper function seems necessary for seed germination. In light-gropwn sco1 seedlings the greening of cotyledons is severely impaired, whereas the following true leaves develop normally as in wild-type plants
-
-
brenda
ecotype Ler, root-specific genes At4g13280 and At4g13300 encoding isozymes TPS12 and TPS13
-
-
brenda
ecotype Wassijlieska, phi class isozyme, encoded by inducible gene GSTU26
-
-
brenda
ecotype Wassijlieska, tau class isozyme, encoded by constitutive gene GSTF9
-
-
brenda
ecotype Wassilevskija
-
-
brenda
ecotype Wassilewskija
-
-
brenda
ecotype Wassilewskija
SwissProt
brenda
ecotype Wassilewskija, genes gcn5-1 and gcn5-2
-
-
brenda
ecotype Wassilewskija, NRT2.1 is up-regulated by nitrogen starvation, mutation of NRT2.1 or NRT2.2 has no significant consequences on the development of root growth under nonlimiting nitrogen conditions, in NRT2.1-dysfunction mutants the length of lateral roots is increased by low nitrogen supply
-
-
brenda
ecotype WS
UniProt
brenda
ecotype Ws-4
SwissProt
brenda
ecotype WS2
SwissProt
brenda
ecotypeColumbia Col-0
-
-
brenda
ecotypes An-1, Cvi, Col-0, C24, Eri, Kas-1, Kond, Kyo-2, Ler and Sha
SwissProt
brenda
ecotypes C24 and Col-0
-
-
brenda
ecotypes C24 and Columbia
SwissProt
brenda
ecotypes Col-0 and Col-2
-
-
brenda
ecotypes Col-0 and Col-gl1 wild-type, mutant line Salk_085656
-
-
brenda
ecotypes Col-0 and Wassilewskija
-
-
brenda
ecotypes Col-0 and Wassilewskija
UniProt
brenda
ecotypes Col-0 and Ws
-
-
brenda
ecotypes Col-0, Ler-0, and Sorbo
-
-
brenda
ecotypes Col-0, Ler-0, and Sorbo
SwissProt
brenda
ecotypes Col-0, Ler-0, and Sorbo
UniProt
brenda
ecotypes Col-0, Oy-0 and Ben
UniProt
brenda
ecotypes Columbia (Col-0) and Landsberg erecta
-
-
brenda
ecotypes Columbia (Col-0) and Wassilewskija
UniProt
brenda
ecotypes Columbia and Wassilewskija
UniProt
brenda
ecotypes Columbia, C24, Landsberg erecta, and Wassilewskija
-
-
brenda
ecotypes Columbia, NOK2, N1438, and N1380
-
-
brenda
ecotypes Landsberg erecta (Ler) and Columbia (Col)
-
-
brenda
ecotypes Landsberg erecta (Ler) and Columbia (Col)
SwissProt
brenda
ecotypes Landsberg erecta or Columbia-0
SwissProt
brenda
ecotypes Landsberg erecta or Columbia-0
UniProt
brenda
ecotypes Nos-0 and Col-0
UniProt
brenda
ELS1
UniProt
brenda
EMBL accession numbers Z23109, Z23108
-
-
brenda
endonuclease tRNase Z also has phosphodiesterase activity
-
-
brenda
enhancer trap line J1511 with yeast transcription factor GAL4-VP16
-
-
brenda
enzyme activity is only elevated under conditions of iron deficiency, coordinate regulation of enzyme and IRT1, the major transporter responsible for high-affinity iron uptake from the soil, both on transcriptional and posttranscriptional level
-
-
brenda
enzyme also displays 4-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (EC1.1.1.61) activity but with less efficiency; (L.) Heynh
SwissProt
brenda
enzyme also displays 4-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (EC1.1.1.61) activity but with less efficiency; L. Heynh
SwissProt
brenda
enzyme belongs to a larger family of ATP-grasp fold proteins
UniProt
brenda
enzyme belongs to the AAA family of proteins, i.e. ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities
SwissProt
brenda
enzyme belongs to the AAA protease family
-
-
brenda
enzyme catalyzes reactions of EC 1.14.14.58 and of EC 1.14.14.59
UniProt
brenda
enzyme expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and in Nicotiana tabacum. Transgenic plants show increased tolerance to osmotic, drought, freezing temperature and oxidative stress.
-
-
brenda
enzyme form 10; enzyme form 10
SwissProt
brenda
enzyme form 1; enzyme form 1
SwissProt
brenda
enzyme form AO1
-
-
brenda
enzyme from recombinant Escherichia coli
-
-
brenda
enzyme Glu1
UniProt
brenda
enzyme is encoded by duplicated genes : DHS1 and DHS2
-
-
brenda
enzyme isoforms GSL5, GSL6, GSL11
-
-
brenda
enzymes AtGDPD1-6 and AtGDPDL1-7
-
-
brenda
epsilon-subunit
UniProt
brenda
ESD4
UniProt
brenda
ESP; gene AtESP
SwissProt
brenda
expressed in Escherichia coli
-
-
brenda
expressed in Escherichia coli
Swissprot
brenda
expressed in Pichia pastoris
-
-
brenda
expression at highest level during seed germination
-
-
brenda
expression in baculovirus system, isoforms CYP707A1, CYP707A3, CYP707A4
-
-
brenda
expression in Escherichia coli
Swissprot
brenda
expression in Oryza sativa
-
-
brenda
expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Swissprot
brenda
expression is not induced by L- and D-serine, light irradiation, biotic and abiotic stress
-
-
brenda
expression of enzyme is induced in response to high methionine levels
-
-
brenda
expression of isoform AtFRO2 in Glycine max
-
-
brenda
expression pattern of isoforms Cad-4, Cad-5 is consistent with development/formation of different forms of the lignified vascular apparatus and expression is also indicative of a role in plant defense. Expression of isoforms Cad-7, Cad-8 resembles largely those of isoforms Cad-4, Cad-3 indicating a minor role in lignin formation. Isoforms Cad-1 and Cad-9 lack detectable catalytic activities and are expressed predominantly in vascular tissue
-
-
brenda
features of tRNase Z reviewed
-
-
brenda
ferrochelatase 1
UniProt
brenda
first discovery in plants
-
-
brenda
FKBP13
UniProt
brenda
fls1, EC 1.14.11.23, null mutant
-
-
brenda
formerly unidentified protein; light and N-status does not affect enzyme level
UniProt
brenda
four CYB561 isoforms
SwissProt
brenda
four malic isozymes, NADP-ME1, NADP-ME2, NADP-ME3, and NADP-ME4
-
-
brenda
FPGS1; gene dfb encoding isozyme FPGS1
UniProt
brenda
fragment; ecotype Columbia
UniProt
brenda
FtsH subunits are encoded by type-A (FtsH1 and FtsH5) and type-B (FtsH2 and FtsH8) genes
-
-
brenda
FtsH10 or FtsHA; 12 FtsH genes
UniProt
brenda
FtsH11 or FtsHB; 12 FtsH genes
UniProt
brenda
FtsH12 or FtsHC; 12 FtsH genes
UniProt
brenda
FtsH1; 12 FtsH genes
SwissProt
brenda
FtsH2 or VAR2; 12 FtsH genes
SwissProt
brenda
FtsH3; 12 FtsH genes
UniProt
brenda
FtsH4; 12 FtsH genes
UniProt
brenda
FtsH5 or VAR1; 12 FtsH genes
SwissProt
brenda
FtsH6; 12 FtsH genes
UniProt
brenda
FtsH7; 12 FtsH genes
UniProt
brenda
FtsH8; 12 FtsH genes
SwissProt
brenda
FtsH9; 12 FtsH genes
UniProt
brenda
full-length enzyme; cv. Columbia
UniProt
brenda
full-length protein with translational start at ATG1 (Met1) and two splice variants with translational start at ATG2 (Met6) and ATG3 (Met69)
-
-
brenda
GA2ox1; wild-type Col-0, Ws-0, Ws-4
UniProt
brenda
GA2ox2; wild-type Col-0, Ws-0, Ws-4
UniProt
brenda
GA2ox3; wild-type Col-0, Ws-0, Ws-4
UniProt
brenda
GA2ox4; wild-type Col-0, Ws-0, Ws-4
UniProt
brenda
GA2ox6; wild-type Col-0, Ws-0, Ws-4
UniProt
brenda
GenBank U40433
-
-
brenda
gene 4CL1
-
-
brenda
gene 5PTase12
SwissProt
brenda
gene 5PTase13
SwissProt
brenda
gene 5PTase14
SwissProt
brenda
gene AAE14
UniProt
brenda
gene aap1or At1g58360
-
-
brenda
gene ABA1
SwissProt
brenda
gene ABA2
UniProt
brenda
gene acer-1 or At4G22330
UniProt
brenda
gene acs1
UniProt
brenda
gene ak-hsdh1
Uniprot
brenda
gene ak-hsdh2
TREMBL
brenda
gene ak1
SwissProt
brenda
gene ak2
UniProt
brenda
gene ak3
SwissProt
brenda
gene aln
-
-
brenda
gene At1g28640
UniProt
brenda
gene At1g28650
UniProt
brenda
gene At1g28670
UniProt
brenda
gene At1g43620
UniProt
brenda
gene At1g65930
UniProt
brenda
gene At2g23510
UniProt
brenda
gene At2g25150
UniProt
brenda
gene At2g25680 or mot1
-
-
brenda
gene At2g26830
UniProt
brenda
gene At3g07020
SwissProt
brenda
gene At3g10870 or AtMES17
UniProt
brenda
gene At3g23920/F14O13_11, isozyme TR-BAMY; contains six extrachloroplastic isozymes, and three plastid-targeted isozymes
SwissProt
brenda
gene At3g45040 or DOK1
UniProt
brenda
gene At4g170990, isozyme CT-BAMY; contains six extrachlorplastic isozymes, and three plastid-targeted isozymes
SwissProt
brenda
gene At4g35160 or AtASMT; gene AtASMT
UniProt
brenda
gene At5g08170
GenBank
brenda
gene At5g12040
UniProt
brenda
gene At5g15170 or AtTDP
UniProt
brenda
gene At5g19150
UniProt
brenda
gene At5g24750
UniProt
brenda
gene AT5g49970
-
-
brenda
gene AtACL5
UniProt
brenda
gene AtFtsH10; gene AtFtsH10
UniProt
brenda
gene AtFtsH11; gene AtFtsH11
UniProt
brenda
gene AtFtsH12; gene AtFtsH12
UniProt
brenda
gene AtFtsH1; gene AtFtsH1
SwissProt
brenda
gene AtFtsH2 or var2; gene var2 variations, different mutated alleles, overview
SwissProt
brenda
gene AtFtsH3; gene AtFtsH3
UniProt
brenda
gene AtFtsH4; gene AtFtsH4
UniProt
brenda
gene AtFtsH5 or var1; gene AtFtsH5 or var1
SwissProt
brenda
gene AtFtsH6; gene AtFtsH6
UniProt
brenda
gene AtFtsH7; gene AtFtsH7
UniProt
brenda
gene AtFtsH8; gene AtFtsH8
SwissProt
brenda
gene AtFtsH9; gene AtFtsH9
UniProt
brenda
gene AtGA2ox8
UniProt
brenda
gene AtIDS10
-
-
brenda
gene AtIDS9
-
-
brenda
gene atIVD
UniProt
brenda
gene atnaod or At4g17830
UniProt
brenda
gene AtNAS4
TREMBL
brenda
gene AtPAO3
SwissProt
brenda
gene AtPIS1, cDNA
-
-
brenda
gene AtPIS2, putative phosphatidylinositol synthase that appears to be encoded by a genomic fragment present in BAC clone F20m13
UniProt
brenda
gene AtRH57
UniProt
brenda
gene AtSPMS
-
-
brenda
gene AtSPS1
SwissProt
brenda
gene AtSPS2
SwissProt
brenda
gene AtVPS34
SwissProt
brenda
gene AtXTH18
UniProt
brenda
gene AtXTH19
UniProt
brenda
gene AtXTH20
UniProt
brenda
gene BANYULS orthologue, BAN
UniProt
brenda
gene CAD1
Uniprot
brenda
gene CAD; gene CAD, cv. Wassilewskija
SwissProt
brenda
gene CAO
-
-
brenda
gene CAO
SwissProt
brenda
gene CBR1
-
-
brenda
gene CDKB1,1
-
-
brenda
gene cesA and cesA-like genes, e.g. cslF, and cslH
-
-
brenda
gene chiC
Q0WT03
UniProt
brenda
gene cop4
-
-
brenda
gene corA
-
-
brenda
gene cpSRP54
-
-
brenda
gene cysK
Uniprot
brenda
gene dapE
-
-
brenda
gene deg2
UniProt
brenda
gene dhs
UniProt
brenda
gene dl4575c or At4g170990, putative beta-amylase; ecotype Columbia, gene dl4575c or At4g170990
SwissProt
brenda
gene DWARF4 or DWF4
SwissProt
brenda
gene ENDO3
UniProt
brenda
gene ENDO4
UniProt
brenda
gene ENDO5
UniProt
brenda
gene ethe1
UniProt
brenda
gene fad2, and gene sve1, an allele of fad2, gene fad6
-
-
brenda
gene fad3
UniProt
brenda
gene fad7
SwissProt
brenda
gene FAD8
SwissProt
brenda
gene family consisting of eight genes. Isoforms AtFRO2 and AtFRO3 are mainly functioning in iron acquisition, while isoforms AtFRO5, AtFRO6, AtFRO7, and AtFRO8 are required for iron homeostasis in different tissues of shoot
-
-
brenda
gene fatB
Uniprot
brenda
gene FCLY
SwissProt
brenda
gene FHIT
Q9LVM4
UniProt
brenda
gene fk, enzyme FK, and bifunctinal enzyme DIM1/CBB1/DWF1
-
-
brenda
gene fpg
UniProt
brenda
gene fra3, i.e. FRAGILE FIBER3
Uniprot
brenda
gene FRO6
-
-
brenda
gene GA4
SwissProt
brenda
gene GABAT1-1 (Salk_007661) and knockout line of ecotype Columbia
UniProt
brenda
gene GBSS
UniProt
brenda
gene Gcn5
-
-
brenda
gene GGPPS11
GenBank
brenda
gene GGPS1
GenBank
brenda
gene GLX2-2, cytosolic isozyme
Swissprot
brenda
gene gsh2
UniProt
brenda
gene gsl8
-
-
brenda
gene hemC
UniProt
brenda
gene HMG1
-
-
brenda
gene IAMT1
SwissProt
brenda
gene icdh
-
-
brenda
gene isa1
SwissProt
brenda
gene isa2
SwissProt
brenda
gene ispC
Swissprot
brenda
gene ispH
UniProt
brenda
gene ispH, single-copy gene
UniProt
brenda
gene ITB2 encoding isozyme ALA3
UniProt
brenda
gene ITPK2
UniProt
brenda
gene ivdh
UniProt
brenda
gene JMT
-
-
brenda
gene KAS2
UniProt
brenda
gene kdsA1; gene kdsA1
SwissProt
brenda
gene kdsA2; gene kdsA2
UniProt
brenda
gene LIN2
SwissProt
brenda
gene lox1
-
-
brenda
gene lpxA, isozymes LpxA1 and LpxA2
UniProt
brenda
gene lut1
UniProt
brenda
gene lut5
UniProt
brenda
gene met13
-
-
brenda
gene mgd1-1
-
-
brenda
gene MIPS1
UniProt
brenda
gene mips1; three MIPS genes mips1, mips2, and mips3
UniProt
brenda
gene mips2; three MIPS genes mips1, mips2, and mips3
UniProt
brenda
gene mips3; three MIPS genes mips1, mips2, and mips3
UniProt
brenda
gene mmt
-
-
brenda
gene NCED6
-
-
brenda
gene ndpk2
-
-
brenda
gene NDPK3 or At4g11010
UniProt
brenda
gene nit4, enzyme Nit4
GenBank
brenda
gene nmt1, 2 gene copies on different chromosomes
SwissProt
brenda
gene NRT2.1, isozyme pNRT2.1
-
-
brenda
gene OASA1
Uniprot
brenda
gene OASB1
UniProt
brenda
gene OASC1
UniProt
brenda
gene opcl1
UniProt
brenda
gene PaO
SwissProt
brenda
gene PGl3
-
-
brenda
gene PHT1
-
-
brenda
gene pht1;1
-
-
brenda
gene pht4;1
-
-
brenda
gene PIKfyve
UniProt
brenda
gene pldepsilon
-
-
brenda
gene PPT1
SwissProt
brenda
gene RCCR
UniProt
brenda
gene RCCR or ACD2
UniProt
brenda
gene rdr6
Q9LKP0
GenBank
brenda
gene RFS4, isozyme RS4
-
-
brenda
gene RFS4, isozyme RS4
UniProt
brenda
gene RFS5, encoding stress-induced isoform RS5
UniProt
brenda
gene rgta1 encoding the alpha 1 subunit of Rab-GGT
UniProt
brenda
gene rgta2
UniProt
brenda
gene rgtb1
UniProt
brenda
gene rgtb2
UniProt
brenda
gene rns2
-
-
brenda
gene ROF2
UniProt
brenda
gene RPI2, At2g01290
UniProt
brenda
gene SAT-1, isoform A
SwissProt
brenda
gene SAT1
SwissProt
brenda
gene SAT1-6, mitochondrial isozyme
SwissProt
brenda
gene SAT5
SwissProt
brenda
gene SAT5, isoform B
SwissProt
brenda
gene SAT52, isoform C
SwissProt
brenda
gene SPS
-
-
brenda
gene SPS1; gene SPS1
UniProt
brenda
gene sps2
-
-
brenda
gene sq1-1, isozyme SQ1; isozymes SQE1-SQE6
UniProt
brenda
gene sq1-2, isozyme SQ2; isozymes SQE1-SQE6
UniProt
brenda
gene sq1-3, isozyme SQ3; isozymes SQE1-SQE6
UniProt
brenda
gene sq1-4, isozyme SQ4; isozymes SQE1-SQE6
UniProt
brenda
gene SQD1
-
-
brenda
gene SQS
-
-
brenda
gene SSL4, At3g51420; ecotype Columbia-0, gene SSL4
UniProt
brenda
gene SSL5 or YSL2, At3g51430; ecotype Columbia-0, gene SSL5
UniProt
brenda
gene SSL6, At3g51440; ecotype Columbia-0, gene SSL6
UniProt
brenda
gene SSL7, At3g51450; ecotype Columbia-0, gene SSL7
UniProt
brenda
gene tgg1
UniProt
brenda
gene tgg2
UniProt
brenda
gene thiC
SwissProt
brenda
gene tod1
UniProt
brenda
gene tpi
UniProt
brenda
gene tps1
-
-
brenda
gene Ugp, inducible by exogenous sucrose, light and cold stress
-
-
brenda
gene ugt79b1
UniProt
brenda
gene VPS34
-
-
brenda
gene VTE5 or At5g04490
SwissProt
brenda
gene wei8
UniProt
brenda
gene WSD1
UniProt
brenda
gene XTH15
UniProt
brenda
gene XTH31
UniProt
brenda
gene XTH32
UniProt
brenda
gene YDA
-
-
brenda
generation of hybrid enzymes using Solanum tuberosum large subunit and Arabidopsis thaliana small subunit and vice versa
-
-
brenda
genes and isozymes GSTU19 and GSTF2
-
-
brenda
genes At3g06060/TSC10A and At5g19200/TSC10B, i.e. tsc10A and tsc10B
-
-
brenda
genes AtECI1, AtECI2, AtECI3
-
-
brenda
genes carA and carB encoding the small and large subunit of the CPSase
-
-
brenda
genes CCT1-8 encoding subunits CCT-alpha, CCT-beta, CCT-gamma, CCT-delta, CCT-epsilon, CCT-zeta-1, CCT-eta, and CCT-theta
P28769, Q940P8, Q84WV1, Q9LV21, O04450, Q9M888, Q9SF16, Q94K05
UniProt
brenda
genes cka1, cka2, cka3, and cka4 encoding the four subunits
-
-
brenda
genes GDH1-3
-
-
brenda
genes ham1 and ham2
-
-
brenda
genes NPC1 to NPC6
-
-
brenda
genes pht1;8 and pht1;9
-
-
brenda
genes sdh1-2 and sdh2-3
-
-
brenda
genetic transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana with the Arabidopsis TT2 MYB transcription factor results in ectopic expression of the BANYULS gene, encoding anthocyanidin reductase, AHA10 encoding a P-type proton-pump and TT12 encoding a transporter involved in proanthocyanidin biosynthesis. When coupled with constitutive expression of PAP1, a positive regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis, TT2 expression in Arabidopsis leads to the accumulation of proanthocyanidins, but only in a subset of cells in which the BANYULS promoter is naturally expressed. Ectopic expression of the maize Lc MYC transcription factor weakly induces AHA10 but does not induce BANYULS, TT12 or accumulation of proanthocyanidins
-
-
brenda
genomic DNA, cDNA has accession number L47479
Q96532
SwissProt
brenda
ggt1-1/ggt4-1 mutants
-
-
brenda
glucuronokinase 1
UniProt
brenda
glucuronokinase 2
UniProt
brenda
growth at 14°C, decrease in membrane-bound enzyme activity, increase in total chlorophyll, growth at 22°C, increase in membrane-bound enzyme activity, and decrease in total chlorophyll. Before flowering, significantly negative correlation of membrane-bound enzyme with flowering time. Soluble enzyme shows irregular pattern of growth
-
-
brenda
HAM1; HAM1 or HAG4
UniProt
brenda
HAM2; HAM2 or HAG5
UniProt
brenda
has a second gene (AtPCS2) encoding another functional phytochelatin synthase
-
-
brenda
heat shock transcription factor A2 HsfA2 overexpressing plants
-
-
brenda
heat shock transcription factor A2 HsfA2 overexpressing plants
UniProt
brenda
herbicide sensitive cell line
-
-
brenda
Heyn. ecotype Columbia
-
-
brenda
Heyn. ecotype Columbia
SwissProt
brenda
Heyn. ecotype Landsberg erecta
SwissProt
brenda
Heynh
-
-
brenda
Heynh.
Uniprot
brenda
Heynh. Columbia-0
SwissProt
brenda
Heynh., deficiency mutant and transgenic derivatives of this mutant
-
-
brenda
homologs atHSP93-V, atHSP93-III
-
-
brenda
HPR2; gene At1g79870 encodes isozyme HPR2
UniProt
brenda
i.e. component H-protein
UniProt
brenda
ICMT isozymes is encoded by the STE14B ICMT gene
UniProt
brenda
ICS2
UniProt
brenda
IMPL1; ecotype Columbia-0, genes IMPL1, IMPL2, and VTC4
UniProt
brenda
IMPL2; ecotype Columbia-0, genes IMPL1, IMPL2, and VTC4
UniProt
brenda
IMS 1
SwissProt
brenda
IMS 2
SwissProt
brenda
IMS 3
SwissProt
brenda
induction by application of abscisic acid and in water-stressed leaves and roots
-
-
brenda
IPK2; gene IPK2
UniProt
brenda
isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD) catalytic subunit 5, mitochondrial (precursor)
SwissProt
brenda
isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD) catalytic subunit 6, mitochondrial (precursor)
SwissProt
brenda
isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD) regulatory subunit 1, mitochondrial (precursor)
SwissProt
brenda
isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD) regulatory subunit 2, mitochondrial (precursor)
SwissProt
brenda
isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD) regulatory subunit 3, mitochondrial (precursor)
SwissProt
brenda
isoenzyme GLN1,1
SwissProt
brenda
isoenzyme GLN1,2
-
-
brenda
isoenzyme GLN1,3
SwissProt
brenda
isoenzyme GLN1,4
-
-
brenda
isoenzyme GLN1,4
SwissProt
brenda
isoenzyme GLU1
UniProt
brenda
isoenzyme GLU2
UniProt
brenda
isoenzyme LACS2
-
-
brenda
isoenzyme mgd 1
UniProt
brenda
isoenzyme MGD A
UniProt
brenda
isoenzyme mgd B
SwissProt
brenda
isoenzyme mgd C
SwissProt
brenda
isoform 2
UniProt
brenda
isoform 2-OGDH1
UniProt
brenda
isoform 2-OGDH2
UniProt
brenda
isoform 2-OGDH2, cf. EC 1.2.4.2
UniProt
brenda
isoform 4CL2
-
-
brenda
isoform 4Cl2, genomic DNA; three isoforms with different substrate specificity and preference, isoforms clustered in class I and II with 4Cl1 and 4Cl2 belonging to class I and 4Cl3 belonging to class II
SwissProt
brenda
isoform 4CL2; isoforms 4CL1, 4CL2 and 4CL3, described experiments performed with isoform 4CL2
SwissProt
brenda
isoform 4Cl3, genomic DNA; three isoforms with different substrate specificity and preference, isoforms clustered in class I and II with 4Cl1 and 4Cl2 belonging to class I and 4Cl3 belonging to class II
SwissProt
brenda
isoform Acl5
UniProt
brenda
isoform ACS2
SwissProt
brenda
isoform ACS6
UniProt
brenda
isoform ADS1, ADS2
-
-
brenda
isoform AK1
UniProt
brenda
isoform ALKBH10B
UniProt
brenda
isoform alpha-DOX1
UniProt
brenda
isoform Amk2
UniProt
brenda
isoform Amk5
UniProt
brenda
isoform AOC2
UniProt
brenda
isoform AOC3
UniProt
brenda
isoform Apr2
UniProt
brenda
isoform APT1
GenBank
brenda
isoform APT2
GenBank
brenda
isoform APT3
GenBank
brenda
isoform APT4
GenBank
brenda
isoform APT5
SwissProt
brenda
isoform AtFRO6
-
-
brenda
isoform AtFRO7
SwissProt
brenda
isoform AtFSGH
-
-
brenda
isoform AtGA2ox2
UniProt
brenda
isoform AtGPRAT1
UniProt
brenda
isoform AtGPRAT2, At4g34740
UniProt
brenda
isoform AtGPRAT3
UniProt
brenda
isoform AtHD1
Uniprot
brenda
isoform Atxr6
UniProt
brenda
isoform Bud2
Uniprot
brenda
isoform CAD5
SwissProt
brenda
isoform Cl1, genomic DNA; three isoforms with different substrate specificity and preference, isoforms clustered in class I and II with 4Cl1 and 4Cl2 belonging to class I and 4Cl3 belonging to class II
SwissProt
brenda
isoform ClO4
UniProt
brenda
isoform ClpP4
-
-
brenda
isoform CSY4
UniProt
brenda
isoform CuAO1
UniProt
brenda
isoform CuAO2
UniProt
brenda
isoform CuAO3
UniProt
brenda
isoform CUL4
UniProt
brenda
isoform CXE12
-
-
brenda
isoform CXE18
-
-
brenda
isoform CYP704B1
UniProt
brenda
isoform CYP86A1
UniProt
brenda
isoform CYP86A2
UniProt
brenda
isoform CYP86A4
UniProt
brenda
isoform CYP86A7
UniProt
brenda
isoform CYP86A8
UniProt
brenda
isoform CYP90B1, i.e. Dwf4
-
-
brenda
isoform CYP94C1
UniProt
brenda
isoform DAPDC 1
SwissProt
brenda
isoform DAPDC 2
SwissProt
brenda
isoform DOX1
UniProt
brenda
isoform EMR
UniProt
brenda
isoform FAH1
UniProt
brenda
isoform FAH2
UniProt
brenda
isoform FLS1
UniProt
brenda
isoform FMOGS-Ox2
UniProt
brenda
isoform FMOGS-Ox4
UniProt
brenda
isoform FRO2
-
-
brenda
isoform Ftsh11
UniProt
brenda
isoform FtsH2
SwissProt
brenda
isoform FtsH5
SwissProt
brenda
isoform FUT1
UniProt
brenda
isoform GapA-1, EC 1.2.1.13
SwissProt
brenda
isoform GapB
SwissProt
brenda
isoform GapC1
UniProt
brenda
isoform GapC2
UniProt
brenda
isoform GAPCp1
UniProt
brenda
isoform GAPCp2
UniProt
brenda
isoform GGH2
Uniprot
brenda
isoform GGT1
-
-
brenda
isoform GGT1; ecotype Columbia
UniProt
brenda
isoform GGT2; ecotype Columbia
SwissProt
brenda
isoform GGT3; ecotype Columbia
SwissProt
brenda
isoform GLCNAC1PUT1
UniProt
brenda
isoform GLCNAC1PUT2
UniProt
brenda
isoform GLOX1, cf. EC 1.2.3.1
UniProt
brenda
isoform GLOX2, cf. EC 1.2.3.1
UniProt
brenda
isoform GLOX3, cf. EC 1.2.3.1
UniProt
brenda
isoform GLOX4, cf. EC 1.2.3.1
UniProt
brenda
isoform GLOX5, cf. EC 1.2.3.1
UniProt
brenda
isoform GLOX6, cf. EC 1.2.3.1
UniProt
brenda
isoform Glu1
UniProt
brenda
isoform GPAT6
-
-
brenda
isoform Gus2
-
-
brenda
isoform Hsp70-1; isoform Hsp70-1
UniProt
brenda
isoform Hsp70-2; isoform Hsp70-2
UniProt
brenda
isoform Idi1
UniProt
brenda
isoform IDI2
UniProt
brenda
isoform IIA
-
-
brenda
isoform Ill6
UniProt
brenda
isoform Impl1
UniProt
brenda
isoform Impl2, catalyzes both the reactions of EC 3.1.3.15 and 3.1.3.25
UniProt
brenda
isoform inositol phosphate multikinase alpha
SwissProt
brenda
isoform IPCS1
UniProt
brenda
isoform IPCS2
UniProt
brenda
isoform IPCS3
UniProt
brenda
isoform Ipi1
UniProt
brenda
isoform Ipi2
UniProt
brenda
isoform IPMDH1
UniProt
brenda
isoform IPMDH2
UniProt
brenda
isoform IPMDH3
UniProt
brenda
isoform IPMS1 and isoform IPMS2
-
-
brenda
isoform IPT5
UniProt
brenda
isoform KAT2
SwissProt
brenda
isoform Li2p
UniProt
brenda
isoform Li2p2
UniProt
brenda
isoform LON2
UniProt
brenda
isoform LUP1
-
-
brenda
isoform LUP1
SwissProt
brenda
isoform MDAR5, MDHAR6
SwissProt
brenda
isoform MNS1
UniProt
brenda
isoform MNS2
UniProt
brenda
isoform MNS3
UniProt
brenda
isoform MTAN1
-
-
brenda
isoform MTAN2
-
-
brenda
isoform MTHFR1, cf. EC 1.5.1.20
UniProt
brenda
isoform MTHFR2, cf. EC 1.5.1.20
UniProt
brenda
isoform NADK2
-
-
brenda
isoform Nfs1; ecotype Columbia Col-0
SwissProt
brenda
isoform Nfs2; ecotype Columbia Col-0
UniProt
brenda
isoform Nia1
UniProt
brenda
isoform Nia1, cf. EC 1.7.1.1
UniProt
brenda
isoform Nia2
SwissProt
brenda
isoform Nia2, cf. EC 1.7.1.1
SwissProt
brenda
isoform NMT2
UniProt
brenda
isoform OPR1, expression in Escherichia coli
-
-
brenda
isoform PADOX-1
UniProt
brenda
isoform Pal1
SwissPRot
brenda
isoform PAO1
SwissProt
brenda
isoform PAO2
UniProt
brenda
isoform PAO3
SwissProt
brenda
isoform PAO4
SwissProt
brenda
isoform PCO1
UniProt
brenda
isoform PCO4
UniProt
brenda
isoform PLDalpha1
UniProt
brenda
isoform PLDbeta1
UniProt
brenda
isoform PLDgamma1
SwissProt
brenda
isoform PLDgamma2
SwissProt
brenda
isoform PLDzeta2
SwissProt
brenda
isoform Pmi1
-
-
brenda
isoform Pmi2
-
-
brenda
isoform POX2
UniProt
brenda
isoform PRMT4
UniProt
brenda
isoform PRMT5
UniProt
brenda
isoform Ptpmt1, cf. EC 3.1.3.16
UniProt
brenda
isoform Ptpmt2
UniProt
brenda
isoform PTR1
UniProt
brenda
isoform PTR4, member of subgroup II
UniProt
brenda
isoform PTR5
UniProt
brenda
isoform PTR6, member of subgroup II
UniProt
brenda
isoform PUB17
UniProt
brenda
isoform PUB54
UniProt
brenda
isoform Qsox1
UniProt
brenda
isoform RbohD
Uniprot
brenda
isoform RDR1
UniProt
brenda
isoform RDR6
UniProt
brenda
isoform RFS5
UniProt
brenda
isoform Rhd2/Atrbohc
-
-
brenda
isoform RibF1
UniProt
brenda
isoform RMA1
UniProt
brenda
isoform RMA2
UniProt
brenda
isoform RMA3
UniProt
brenda
isoform Serat3,1
-
-
brenda
isoform Serat3,2
-
-
brenda
isoform Spf2
UniProt
brenda
isoform Spp3b
UniProt
brenda
isoform Sqs1. Sqs1 is the only functional squalene synthase in Arabidopsis thaliana. Isoform Sqs2 has no squalene synthase activity
UniProt
brenda
isoform Sqs2, lacking enzymatic activity due to the presence of an unusual Ser replacing the highly conserved Phe at position 287
O23118
UniProt
brenda
isoform SUS1
UniProt
brenda
isoform Sus2
UniProt
brenda
isoform Sus3
UniProt
brenda
isoform SuvH2
UniProt
brenda
isoform TPS02
UniProt
brenda
isoform TPS03
UniProt
brenda
isoform UBA1
UniProt
brenda
isoform UBA2
UniProt
brenda
isoform Ubc2
UniProt
brenda
isoform UGT76C1
Swissprot
brenda
isoform UGT76C2
Swissprot
brenda
isoform UGT80A2
SwissProt
brenda
isoform UPL5
UniProt
brenda
isoform Vtc2
-
-
brenda
isoform Vtc2
UniProt
brenda
isoform Vtc5
UniProt
brenda
isoform VTE2-2
UniProt
brenda
isoform XTH21, induction by gibberellic acid A3 and cold shock
-
-
brenda
isoform XTH33, monitoring of enzyme expression following infestation with Myzus persicae
-
-
brenda
isoform YUC2
UniProt
brenda
isoform YUC3
UniProt
brenda
isoform YUCCA1
UniProt
brenda
isoform YUCCA2
UniProt
brenda
isoform YUCCA4
UniProt
brenda
isoform YUCCA6
UniProt
brenda
isoforms 4CL1 and 4CL2
-
-
brenda
isoforms Aco1, Aco2, Aco3. Cytosolic aconitase is not converted into an iron-responsive element and does not regulate iron homeostasis
-
-
brenda
isoforms AOC1
UniProt
brenda
isoforms AOC2
UniProt
brenda
isoforms AOC4
UniProt
brenda
isoforms AtACX1, AtACX2, and AtACX3
-
-
brenda
isoforms AtACX1, AtACX2, AtACX3, and AtSACX
SwissProt
brenda
isoforms Cad-4, Cad-5
-
-
brenda
isoforms Dgd2, dgd1
-
-
brenda
isoforms IPT2, IPT9
-
-
brenda
isoforms NADK1, NADK2 plus a calmodulin-dependent isoform isolated from seedling
-
-
brenda
isoforms TGG1 and TGG2
-
-
brenda
isoforms with different subcellular localization
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme AACT1; ecotype Columbia, gene ACT1
UniProt
brenda
isozyme ACC1
-
-
brenda
isozyme ACH2
-
-
brenda
isozyme ACH2
Q8GYW7
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme AtADT1; isozymes AtADT1-AtADT6
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme AtADT2; isozymes AtADT1-AtADT6
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme AtADT3; isozymes AtADT1-AtADT6
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme AtADT4; isozymes AtADT1-AtADT6
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme AtADT5; isozymes AtADT1-AtADT6
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme AtADT6; isozymes AtADT1-AtADT6
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme AtCKX1
UniProt
brenda
isozyme AtCKX3
UniProt
brenda
isozyme AtCKX7
-
-
brenda
isozyme AtCLH1; isozyme AtCLH1
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme AtCLH2; ecotype Columbia, isozyme AtCLH2
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme AtCLH2; isozyme AtCLH2
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme AtMTAN1
-
-
brenda
isozyme AtMTAN2
-
-
brenda
isozyme AtOPT6
-
-
brenda
isozyme AtPAO3
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme AtPAO4
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme atps1
UniProt
brenda
isozyme ATPS1, gene atps1 or At3g22890
UniProt
brenda
isozyme AtRIBA1, gene At5g64300
UniProt
brenda
isozyme AtRIBA2, gene At2g22450
UniProt
brenda
isozyme AtXTH12; 33 XTH genes
UniProt
brenda
isozyme AtXTH13; 33 XTH genes
UniProt
brenda
isozyme AtXTH17; 33 XTH genes
UniProt
brenda
isozyme AtXTH18; 33 XTH genes
UniProt
brenda
isozyme AtXTH19; 33 XTH genes
UniProt
brenda
isozyme AVP1; isozyme AVP1, gene AVP1
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme AVP2, gene AVPL1
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme CAD4; isozyme CAD4
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme CAD5; isozyme CAD5
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme CPK-1
-
-
brenda
isozyme CPK1
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme FAR1; ecotype Columbia
UniProt
brenda
isozyme FAR2; ecotype Columbia
UniProt
brenda
isozyme FAR6; ecotype Columbia
UniProt
brenda
isozyme FatA and FatB
-
-
brenda
isozyme FMO1
-
-
brenda
isozyme FMO1
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme FNRI; plastidic isozyme FNRI, gene FNR2
UniProt
brenda
isozyme FNRII; plastidic isozyme FNRII, gene FNR1
UniProt
brenda
isozyme HRS1
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme Hsp93-III; isoform Hsp93-III or ClpC2
UniProt
brenda
isozyme Hsp93-V; isoform Hsp93-V or ClpC1
UniProt
brenda
isozyme Ipk2alpha; isozyme Ipk2alpha
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme Ipk2beta; isozyme Ipk2beta
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme ISA1; genes isa1 and isa2
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme ISA2; genes isa1 and isa2
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme LPPbeta; ecotype Columbia-0, Arabidopsis contains five homologs of cyanobacterial LPP
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme LPPdelta; ecotype Columbia-0
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme LPPepsilon2; ecotype Columbia-0, Arabidopsis contains five homologs of cyanobacterial LPP
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme LPPgamma; ecotype Columbia-0, Arabidopsis contains five homologs of cyanobacterial LPP
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme NAD-ME1
UniProt
brenda
isozyme NAD-ME1; isozyme NAD-ME1 encoded by gene AtNAD-ME1
UniProt
brenda
isozyme NAD-ME2
UniProt
brenda
isozyme NAD-ME2; isozyme NAD-ME2 encoded by gene AtNAD-ME2
UniProt
brenda
isozyme NDPK2
UniProt
brenda
isozyme NIT1
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme NIT2
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme NIT3
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme Nrt1.7
-
-
brenda
isozyme OAS-TL C; gene OASC
UniProt
brenda
isozyme OPR3
-
-
brenda
isozyme PDC1; four genes encoding PDC isozymes
UniProt
brenda
isozyme PDC2; gene PDC2
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme PDC3; gene PDC3
UniProt
brenda
isozyme PDC4; gene PDC4
UniProt
brenda
isozyme Phi, i.e. GSTF, isozyme Tau, i.e. GSTU, isozyme Theta, i.e. GSTT, isozyme Zeta, i.e. GSTZ, and isozyme Lambda, i.e. GSTL, alll encoded by several genes, overview
-
-
brenda
isozyme PLDalpha, mechanically wounded leaves
-
-
brenda
isozyme PLDalpha1
-
-
brenda
isozyme PLDalpha3
-
-
brenda
isozyme PLDbeta
-
-
brenda
isozyme PLDdelta
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme PLDzeta1, comparison to other isozymes
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme PMSRA1
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme PMSRA2
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme PMSRA3
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme PMSRA4
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme PMSRA5
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme PPA1, chloroplast precursor; isozyme PPA1
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme SMO1-1; 2 distinct enzyme families exist with 3 and 2 isozymes belonging to them, respectively
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme SMO1-2; 2 distinct enzyme families exist with 3 and 2 isozymes belonging to them, respectively
Swissprot
brenda
isozyme SMO1-3; 2 distinct enzyme families exist with 3 and 2 isozymes belonging to them, respectively
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme SMO2-1; 2 distinct enzyme families exist with 3 and 2 isozymes belonging to them, respectively
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme SMO2-2; 2 distinct enzyme families exist with 3 and 2 isozymes belonging to them, respectively
SwissProt
brenda
isozyme SOT16; ecotype C24, isozyme SOT16
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SOT17; ecotype C24, isozyme SOT17
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SOT18; ecotypes C24 and Columbia-0, isozyme SOT18
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SPSA1; gene AtSPS5b or sps1
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SPSA1; gene spsa1 or sps1
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SPSA2; gene spsa2 or sps2
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SPSB; gene spscb or sps3
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SPSC; gene spsc or sps4
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SUS1
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SUS1; gene sus1
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SUS1; six full-length SuSy genes
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SUS2
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SUS2; gene SUS2
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SUS2; six full-length SuSy genes
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SUS3
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SUS3; gene SUS3
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SUS3; six full-length SuSy genes
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SUS4
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SUS4; gene SUS4
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SUS4; six full-length SuSy genes
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SUS5
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SUS5; gene SUS5
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SUS5; six full-length SuSy genes
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SUS6
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SUS6; gene SUS6
UniProt
brenda
isozyme SUS6; six full-length SuSy genes
UniProt
brenda
isozyme TGG1; ecotype Columbia, Col-0, isozyme TGG1, gene tgg1
UniProt
brenda
isozyme TGG2; ecotype Columbia, Col-0, isozyme TGG2, gene tgg2
UniProt
brenda
isozyme TOP1
UniProt
brenda
isozyme TOP1; isozyme TOP1
UniProt
brenda
isozyme TOP2
UniProt
brenda
isozyme TOP2; isozyme TOP2
UniProt
brenda
isozyme XDH1, expression in Pichia pastoris
Swissprot
brenda
isozymes AHA1 and AHA2
-
-
brenda
isozymes APY1 and APY2
-
-
brenda
isozymes AtCKX1, AtCKX4, and AtCKX7
-
-
brenda
isozymes AtTSB1 and AtTSBtype2
UniProt
brenda
isozymes FPG-1 and FPG-2, genes fpg-1 and fpg-2
SwissProt
brenda
isozymes KCR1 and KCR2
-
-
brenda
isozymes LACS1-LACS9
-
-
brenda
isozymes MAT1, MAT2, and MAT3
-
-
brenda
isozymes MsrB1-3
-
-
brenda
isozymes NADP-ME1, NADP-ME2, and NADP-ME3
-
-
brenda
isozymes NYC1 and NOL, i.e Non-Yellow Coloring1 and Non-Yellow Coloring1-Like , encoded by genes nyc1 and nol, respectively
-
-
brenda
isozymes PLDalpha1, PLDdelta, and PLDepsilon
-
-
brenda
isozymes TPK1 and TPK2
-
-
brenda
known to be present in other plants
-
-
brenda
L. ecotype Columbia
SwissProt
brenda
L. Heyhn. ecotype Columbia
SwissProt
brenda
L. Heynh ecotype Columbia, plants exposed to the stress factors drought, salinity, submergence, cold, or heat
-
-
brenda
L. Heynh.
-
-
brenda
L. Heynh.
Uniprot
brenda
L. Heynh. ecotype Columbia
-
-
brenda
L., Heynh. variety Columbia
-
-
brenda
Landsberg
-
-
brenda
Landsberg erecta ecotype, gene CESA7
-
-
brenda
large subunit
GenBank
brenda
large subunit
UniProt
brenda
large subunit and small subunit 1
UniProt
brenda
large subunit and small subunit 2
UniProt
brenda
large subunit and small subunit 3
UniProt
brenda
LCB1
UniProt
brenda
LCB2
SwissProt
brenda
Ler wild type
-
-
brenda
Ler-0 and Col-0, isozyme OASTL-A1, gene OASA
Uniprot
brenda
ligated into pET 23d(+) vector and Escherichia coli strain DH10B for cloning, expression in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS codon+
SwissProt
brenda
ligated into pET 23d(+) vector and Escherichia coli strain DH10B for cloning, expression in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS codon+
UniProt
brenda
Like the yeast enzyme, mammalian, plant and fly orthologs share the capacity for the conversion of Ins(1,4,5)P3 to Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5. Plant and fly IPMKs recapitulate the yeast enzyme's preference for D6-hydroxyl phoshorylation followed by D3-hydroxylphosphorylation, mammalian IPMKs appear to prefer the reverse order.
-
-
brenda
line L119
SwissProt
brenda
line N180
-
-
brenda
Lon protease homolog 2, peroxisomal; gene apem10
UniProt
brenda
Lon protease homolog 2, peroxisomal; gene LON2 or At5g47040
UniProt
brenda
Lon2
UniProt
brenda
low activity
-
-
brenda
LPAT1; gene LPAT1
SwissProt
brenda
LPAT2; gene LPAT2
SwissProt
brenda
LPAT3; gene LPAT3
SwissProt
brenda
LPAT4; gene LPAT4
SwissProt
brenda
LPAT5; gene LPAT5
SwissProt
brenda
member of TPSb group of angiosperm monoterpene and hemiterpene synthases
UniProt
brenda
member oft the TPSb subfamily of angiosperm monoterpene synthases
SwissProt
brenda
MGD3; type B isozyme MGD3
SwissProt
brenda
mitochondrial precursor
Uniprot
brenda
MKK1; gene mkk1
UniProt
brenda
MKK2; gene mkk2
UniProt
brenda
mMDH1; isozymes mMDH1 and mMDH2, eight genes encoding isoforms of NAD-dependent MDH
UniProt
brenda
mMDH2; isozymes mMDH1 and mMDH2, eight genes encoding isoforms of NAD-dependent MDH
UniProt
brenda
multiple CalS genes
-
-
brenda
multiple isozymes, constitutive and inducible
-
-
brenda
mutant enzymes A122V, W574S, W574L and S653N
-
-
brenda
mutant fugu5-1
Uniprot
brenda
mutant overexpressing chlorophyllide a oxygenase and mutant in the ClpC1 gene
-
-
brenda
mutant ups1
-
-
brenda
mutant, T-DNA inserted into enzyme gene
-
-
brenda
NADPH-dependent cytosolic termed GLYR1, and plastidial termed GLYR2 isoforms of succinic semialdehyde/glyoxylate reductase
-
-
brenda
natural mutant pmr4, resistant to powdery mildew, Erysiphe cichoracearum
-
-
brenda
Nossen ecotype
-
-
brenda
NPC1; gene NPC1
UniProt
brenda
NPC2; gene NPC2
UniProt
brenda
NPC3; gene NPC3
UniProt
brenda
NPC4; gene NPC4
UniProt
brenda
NPC5; gene NPC5
UniProt
brenda
NPC6; gene NPC6
UniProt
brenda
NRT1.5
-
-
brenda
one copy gene AtALN
-
-
brenda
overexpression in Latuca sativa
Uniprot
brenda
overexpression of enzyme
Swissprot
brenda
overexpression of thylakoidal isozyme
-
-
brenda
overexpresssion in minmal media containing either Zn, Fe, or Mn
-
-
brenda
P55228 i.e. small subunit APS1, P55229 i.e. large subunit ADG2
UniProt
brenda
PAO1
SwissProt
brenda
PAO2
UniProt
brenda
PAO3
SwissProt
brenda
PAO4
SwissProt
brenda
pathogen responsive gene AtSDR1
UniProt
brenda
pectin methylesterase has ribosome inactivating protein activity
-
-
brenda
PEX1 and PEX6; ecotype Columbia-0
Q9FNP1, Q8RY16
UniProt
brenda
PGPS1
GenBank
brenda
PHT4;2; gene pht4;2
UniProt
brenda
PI3K is encoded by a single-copy gene, AtVPS34
SwissProt
brenda
plant splicing enzymes fused to GFP by their transient expression in Allium epidermal and Vicia guard cells.
-
-
brenda
plants are cold-treated
-
-
brenda
plastidic isozymes MsrB1 and MsrB2
-
-
brenda
PLDalpha, PLDbeta
-
-
brenda
PMG1
UniProt
brenda
PMG2
UniProt
brenda
POP2; gene pop2, POP2-3 (CS6387) and knockout line of ecotypes Wassilewskija
UniProt
brenda
POP2; gene pop2-1
UniProt
brenda
potassium-independent asparaginase ASPGA1, and potassium-dependent asparaginase ASPGB1
-
-
brenda
PPase1; two isozymes PPase1 and PPase4
SwissProt
brenda
PPCK2 gene; ecotype Col0 and Landsberg erecta ecotype
UniProt
brenda
precursor
SwissProt
brenda
precursor DAPDC1; gene DAPDC1
SwissProt
brenda
precursor; gene lip1
SwissProt
brenda
presence of transcripts ICP55.1 and ICP55.2
UniProt
brenda
prioducts of AtFLS2 to AtFLS6 genes do not contribute to flavonol biosynthesis
-
-
brenda
PSL4 and PSL5 encode for the beta- and alpha-subunit, respectively
-
-
brenda
purple acid phosphatase with phytase activity
-
-
brenda
putative uncharacterized protein At1g17650; ecotype Columbia
UniProt
brenda
putative; isozymes AtMTAN1 and AtMTAN2
UniProt
brenda
Q0WQF7 i.e. dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase subunit 1 of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, Q8RWN9 i.e. subunit 2 and Q5M729, i.e subunit 3, respectively, cf. EC 2.3.1.12
UniProt
brenda
Q38920 i.e. subunit beta
UniProt
brenda
Q8H1Y0 i.e. IAR4, E1 component subunit alpha-2, Q38799 i.e. PDH2, E1 component subunit beta-1
UniProt
brenda
Q8H1Y0 i.e. IAR4, E1 component subunit alpha-2, Q38799 i.e. PDH2, E1 component subunit beta-1, cf. EC 1.2.4.1
UniProt
brenda
Q9M5K3 i.e. dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase component L-protein, cf. EC 1.8.1.4, Q94B78 i.e. glycine dehydrogenase component P-protein, cf. EC 1.4.4.2, P25855 i.e. component H-protein isoform H1, Q9LQL0 i.e. component H-protein isoform H3, O65396 i.e. aminomethyltransferase component T-protein, cf. EC 2.1.2.10
UniProt
brenda
Q9SYP2 i.e. subunit alpha1, Q9C9K3 i.e. subunit alpha2, Q8W4M5, i.e. subunit beta1, F4JGR5 i.e. subunit beta2
-
brenda
recombinant
-
-
brenda
recombinant
Uniprot
brenda
recombinant enzyme expressed in Escherichia coli
Swissprot
brenda
recombinant enzyme expressed in Escherichia coli, comparison with human and horse enzyme
-
-
brenda
reduction of expression level by corresponding Pisum sativum antisense construct
-
-
brenda
ROC1, cytosolic enzyme; two genes encoding CypP: ROC1 and ROC4
Swissprot
brenda
ROC4, chloroplastic enzyme; two genes encoding CypP: ROC1 and ROC4
SwissProt
brenda
Saccharomyces cerevisiae M20-20D cells are transformed with A. thaliana cDNA, protein expressed and purified from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, all data refer to the recombinant yeast protein
-
-
brenda
SEC
UniProt
brenda
seeds
-
-
brenda
sequence contains a pentapeptide HEXXH, and at the N-terminus, a Nudix box
UniProt
brenda
sequence of the cloned 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase coincides with published 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase-sequences from Arabidopsis thaliana to a nearly perfect identity match except for minor differences in the C-terminal parts of the cDNA.
Swissprot
brenda
serine carboxypeptidase-like 19, SCPL, also function as acyltransferase
SwissProt
brenda
seven isoforms
SwissProt
brenda
several CesA and Csl genes
-
-
brenda
several isozymes
-
-
brenda
significant reduction in pheophorbide a oxygenase activity is detected in nonyellowing mutant nye1-1
-
-
brenda
single-copy CAO gene
SwissProt
brenda
single-copy gene
-
-
brenda
single-domain sulfurtransferase
GenBank
brenda
six ACX genes, acx1-acx6. ACX6 is not expressed
-
-
brenda
six isoforms
-
-
brenda
six isozymes encoded by genes adt1-adt6
-
-
brenda
six myrosinase genes, TGG1-TGG6
-
-
brenda
slightly modified at base 60 c to t, bas 1242 t to g, and base 1403 t to c, the latter modification results in change of Leu468 to Ser; var. Columbia, bifunctional enzyme showing aspartate dehydrogenase and aspartate kinase activity
TREMBL
brenda
small subunit
GenBank
brenda
small subunit
UniProt
brenda
small subunit A, R2A; var. Columbia, ecotype Columbia-0, three AtRNR2-like catalytic subunit genes AtTSO2, AtRNR2A, and AtRNR2B
UniProt
brenda
small subunit B, R2B; var. Columbia, ecotype Columbia-0, three AtRNR2-like catalytic subunit genes AtTSO2, AtRNR2A, and AtRNR2B
SwissProt
brenda
small subunit C of RNR, RNR2a
UniProt
brenda
small subunit C of RNR, RNR2tso
UniProt
brenda
small subunit C, TSO2; var. Columbia, ecotype Columbia-0, three AtRNR2-like catalytic subunit genes AtTSO2, AtRNR2A, and AtRNR2B
UniProt
brenda
SPDS1 and SPDS2, multiprotein complex with SPMS
-
-
brenda
SPINDLY
UniProt
brenda
SPP3 or SPSB
UniProt
brenda
SPS1 or SPSA1
UniProt
brenda
SPS2 or SPSA2
UniProt
brenda
SPS4 or SPSC
UniProt
brenda
starch synthase III
-
-
brenda
subunit
UniProt
brenda
subunit isoforms ChlI1 and ChlI2
-
-
brenda
subunit R2 isoform RNR2B
SwissProt
brenda
subunit R2 isoforms TSO2 and RNR2A
-
-
brenda
subunits alpha and beta
UniProt
brenda
sucrose synthase 1
UniProt
brenda
sucrose synthase 2
UniProt
brenda
syncytia induced by nematode Heterodera schachtii
SwissProt
brenda
syncytia induced by nematode Heterodera schachtii
F4K5W8, O22287, O48840, O49213, O49299, O64749, O80840, O81312, O82200, P34795, P42801, P49040, P57751, P93031, Q00917, Q38862, Q42605, Q6NPM8, Q6TPH1, Q8H1Q7, Q8L799, Q8LDN8, Q94F00, Q9C5I1, Q9C7W7, Q9FI17, Q9FJU4, Q9FM01, Q9FX32, Q9LF33, Q9LIA8, Q9LMU0, Q9LPC1, Q9LX12, Q9LXL5, Q9M111, Q9M2S0, Q9M884, Q9M8S8, Q9M9P3, Q9MAB5, Q9SA77, Q9SCY0, Q9SFU3, Q9SGC1, Q9SN58, Q9SNY3, Q9SUN3, Q9T0A7
UniProt
brenda
systematic nomenclature of the XTH gene family with 3 subfamilies
-
-
brenda
TCH4, member of the XET-related gene family
-
-
brenda
termed chloroplastic, but the CFP-ADT6 pattern shows a cytosolic distribution
SwissProt
brenda
Thale cress
-
-
brenda
Thale cress
UniProt
brenda
the Arabidopsis genome encodes eight putative NAD+-MDH enzymes
-
-
brenda
the Arabidopsis genome encodes one potential large subunit and three potential small subunits, encoded by AtleuC and AtleuD genes
-
-
brenda
The enzyme may be a 3-phytase (EC 3.1.3.8), or a 4-phytase (synonym 6-phytase, EC 3.1.3.26). The product of the hydrolysis of myo-inositol hexakisphosphate to 1D-myo-inositol 1,2,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate or alternatively 1D-myo-inositol 1,2,3,5,6-pentakisphosphate has not been identified. Growth and phosphorus nutrition of the plants supplied with phytate is improved significantly when the phytase gene from Aspergillus niger is introduced. The Aspergillus phytase is only effective when secreted as an extracellular enzyme by inclusion of the signal peptide sequence from the carrot extensin gene
-
-
brenda
the genome contains genes encoding 10 MAPK kinases
-
-
brenda
the ICMT isozyme is encoded by the STE14A ICMT gene
-
-
brenda
the tandem arginine motif RRX8W is conserved in the deduced protein of TPS10; bifunctional myrcene/(E)-beta-ocimene synthase
SwissProt
brenda
the thymidine kinases from Gram-positive bacteria are more closely related to the eukaryotic thymidine kinase 1 enzymes than are thymidine kinases from Gram-negative bacteria
SwissProt
brenda
there exist 4 alternatively spliced products
UniProt
brenda
This UniProt-ID has been deleted; ecotype Columbia-0, Arabidopsis contains five homologs of cyanobacterial LPP
-
-
brenda
This UniProt-ID has been deleted; isoform RibF1
UniProt
brenda
three genes GDH1, GDH2, and GDH3 encoding the enzyme subunits
-
-
brenda
three isoenzymes AHASI-AHASIII
-
-
brenda
three MGDG synthase genes encoding MGD1, MGD2 and MGD3
-
-
brenda
three paralogues of desulfoglucosinolate sulfotransferase
-
-
brenda
three types of Cu/ZNSOD
-
-
brenda
transgenic lines with increased or decreased enzyme levels
-
-
brenda
transgenic, transformend with Grey poplar ISPS
-
-
brenda
tRNase Z, overview
-
-
brenda
two classes of PDF: PDF1A and PDF1B
-
-
brenda
two genes coding for the enzyme identified
-
-
brenda
two isoforms
-
-
brenda
two isoforms of chlorophyll b reductase termed NYC1 and NOL, respectively
-
-
brenda
two isozymes AtMTAN1 and AtMTAN2
-
-
brenda
two isozymes, AtSK1 and AtSK2, AatSK1 is heat-inducible
UniProt
brenda
two LFNR isoforms, LFNR1 and LFNR2
-
-
brenda
two putative TRM4/NSUN2 paralogues, TRM4A and TRM4B
-
-
brenda
type A isozyme MGD1
-
-
brenda
type B enzyme, isoform PIP5K3
-
-
brenda
type B isozyme MGD2
SwissProt
brenda
UBA1
UniProt
brenda
UBA2
UniProt
brenda
UGT73C1
UniProt
brenda
UGT73C5
UniProt
brenda
ugt80A2
SwissProt
brenda
UGT85A1
UniProt
brenda
under normal growth conditions, the in vivo activity of the galactolipid:galactolipid galactosyltransferase is not detectable in the wild type, but becomes apparent in the tgd mutant. The enzyme does not provide the bulk of glactoglycerolipids in the chloroplast, but is speculated to play a role during ozone-induced injury or possibly during senescence of leaves when chloroplast membranes are turned over
-
-
brenda
UPP, putative; gene upp
UniProt
brenda
uridine kinase-like protein; ecotype Col-0
SwissProt
brenda
URT1
UniProt
brenda
Used Arabidopsis thaliana lines are in the Columbia background, and Columbia is used as the wild type.
UniProt
brenda
var. Bensheim showing threonine and methionine prototrophy, bifunctional enzyme showing aspartate dehydrogenase and aspartate kinase activity, gene akthr2
-
-
brenda
var. Bensheim, mutant RL4
-
-
brenda
var. C24
-
-
brenda
var. columbia
-
-
brenda
var. columbia
SwissProt
brenda
var. columbia
UniProt
brenda
var. Columbia Col-0
Uniprot
brenda
var. Landsberg erecta, gene UGP1, a sucrose-induced gene
-
-
brenda
variant Columbia [Col-0]
-
-
brenda
variety Columbia (Col-0), transgenic 35S:8deltaC (overexpressing active NTL8) and ntl8-1 (lacking NTL8) mutants, aba3-1 (deficient in stress hormone abscisic acid - ABA) mutant
-
-
brenda
VTC4; ecotype Columbia-0, genes IMPL1, IMPL2, and VTC4
UniProt
brenda
was synthase 1; ecotype Columbia
UniProt
brenda
was synthase 2; ecotype Columbia
UniProt
brenda
was synthase 3; ecotype Columbia
UniProt
brenda
was synthase 4; ecotype Columbia
UniProt
brenda
was synthase 5; ecotype Columbia
UniProt
brenda
was synthase 6; ecotype Columbia
UniProt
brenda
was synthase 7; ecotype Columbia
UniProt
brenda
was synthase 8; ecotype Columbia
UniProt
brenda
Wassilewskija (Ws-0) ecotype
SwissProt
brenda
Wassilewskija (Ws-0) ecotype
UniProt
brenda
Wassilewskija ecotype
-
-
brenda
wax synthase 10, possibly a pseudogene, no expression in tissues; ecotype Columbia
UniProt
brenda
wax synthase 11, possibly a pseudogene, no expression in tissues; ecotype Columbia
UniProt
brenda
wax synthase 9, possibly a pseudogene, no expression in tissues; ecotype Columbia
UniProt
brenda
wild ecotype Columbia and chlorina1-1 mutant (lacking the chlorophyllide a oxigenase)
-
-
brenda
wild type and arabinose-deficient mutant
-
-
brenda
wild type and mutant transfected with an antisense clpP6 plasmid
-
-
brenda
wild type and mutants spe1-1 and spe2-1 with reduced arginine decarboxylase activity
-
-
brenda
wild type and T-DNA insertion line fnr1 (lacking FNR1) and RNAi line fnr2 (lacking FNR2)
UniProt
brenda
wild type and transgenic plants expressing a yeast ferric chelate reductase gene, mutants missing the Fe(III) chelate reductase
-
-
brenda
wild type plants and plants overexpressing heat shock transcription factor 3, following heat stress, enzyme activity in wild type increased due to induction of a thermostable isoform probably identical with APX2, in transgenic plants, the thermostable isoform was detectable at normal temperature and persisted after severe heat stress at 44°C
-
-
brenda
wild type, npq2 mutant (CS3772, aba 1-6) and the transgenic MaZEP7 line
-
-
brenda
wild type, Pi-deficient mutant, Pi-excess mutant
-
-
brenda
wild-type and cg/1 plants lacking an own active N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase Is
-
-
brenda
wild-type and ethylene-insensitive mutant eti5
-
-
brenda
wild-type and ldox/fls1-2 double mutant, lacking leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase and functional flavonol synthase 1-2, EC 1.14.11.23
-
-
brenda
wild-type and mutants sex1-3
-
-
brenda
wild-type and mutants, infection of rosette leaves with the fungus Alternaria brassicicola strain MAFF237450
-
-
brenda
wild-type and starch-deficient mutant
-
-
brenda
wild-type Columbia (Col), DWARF AND DELAYED FLOWERING 1 (DDF1) overexpressing mutant, loss-of-funtion mutants ddf1-LF1 and ga20x7-2
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wild-type plants and HSF3-overexpressing transgenic plants
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wild-type plants and oxp1-1 and oxp2-2 mutants
UniProt
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wild-type, chlorina1-1 mutant (lacking the endogenous chlorophyllide a oxigenase), and clpC1-mutant (deficient in the subunit of the chloroplast Clp protease, acting as a molecular chaperone recognizing the protease substrate sequence), transgenic plants overexpressing a chimeric protein consisting of the A (destabilized enzyme in the presence of chlorophyll b) and B domains of the enzyme and green fluorescent protein (GFP), seeds mutagenized by ethyl methane sulfonate, screened for GFP fluorescence
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wild-type, fls1-2 single mutant and ldox/fls1-2 double mutant, lacking acitve form of flavonol synthase and leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase, EC 1.14.11.19
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Ws ecotype, CS16299
UniProt
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XETs are encoded by a gene family, 4 isoenzymes: TCH4, Meri-5, EXGT and XTR9
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XTR9, one of 4 isoenzymes: TCH4, Meri-5, EXGT and XTR9
SwissProt
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Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
floral organ, strong expression in vascular tissue just before onset of senescence (promoter activity)
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high expression of atMGD1::GUS is detected in all green tissues
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at 3 d and 10 d after flowering, SUS protein localized to the silique wall, seed coat, funiculus, and endosperm. By 13 d after flowering, SUS protein is detected in the embryo and aleurone layer, but is absent from the seed coat and funiculus
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isoforms TPPA and TPPG are preferentially expressed in atrichoblast cells
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AtIPT1
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cell layer of middle stem between second xylem interfasicular region and cortex corresponding to vascular cambium, ATCSLD5 promoter driven beta-glucuronidase (GUS) expression
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SATase isoform genes, Serat1,1 is highly expressed both in root and in dark-grown plant
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undetectable in dark-grown cells, light response during greening. Expression in mature cells
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high expression of FRA3
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also known as myrosin cell
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Lower leaf epidermis from Vicia faba is used for transient expression
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myrosin cells are different from companion cells and the glucosinolate-containing S-cells
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with developing embryo
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F4JJL0, F4JJL3, F4JLK2, F4K7D6, O80568, O81796, O81893, P93032, Q42524, Q56WN1, Q8LCE1, Q8LFC0, Q8LG77, Q8RY24, Q945K7, Q94BT0, Q9C9G4, Q9FLN8, Q9FY54, Q9LMT2, Q9LU36, Q9LYT1, Q9S725, Q9S777, Q9SBA5, Q9SD85, Q9SKX5, Q9SND6, Q9SS04, Q9SU79, Q9SUG3, Q9SXA6
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670547, 673698, 676545, 694579, 705377, 723919, 726114, 730587, 736569, 739308, 742992, 745466, 746109, 757960, 761176, 763054, 765614, 765623
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of root tip
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3 weeks old
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root of growing seedling, accumulation of enzyme in the root cap and the rhizodermis. Expression in the rhizodermis is considerably higher in trichoblasts before and during root hair formation and growth
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highest activity in rootlets
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NADP-ME1 expression only in some secondary roots, where it is confined to the stele and excluded from the tips
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silique, lowest expression level, revealed by Reverse Transcription-PCR
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subunit B1 is about 10times more abundant in sporophytes than subunit B2, subunit A1 is expressed in all tissues
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seedling
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of roots and in root tips
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significantly increased FAC1 expression in the zygote, early embryo and endosperm
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enzyme assay on homogenate of transgenic plants
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F4JLK2, F4K172, O49499, O80568, O81893, Q42569, Q8RY24, Q94BT0, Q9FMJ4, Q9FY54, Q9FYG4, Q9LIS3, Q9LR03, Q9M332, Q9M9S1, Q9SBA5, Q9SS04, Q9SUG3, Q9SVX6
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661739, 673698, 706321, 719540, 720797, 732639, 734938, 736569, 742992, 746121, 763570, 765611
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CYP704B1 is expressed in the developing anthers
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developing anther
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developinmg anther
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DOK1 is highly expressed in tapetum cells and microspores during early anther development
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expression at higher extent in the later growth stage within restricted parts of the organs, such as shoot meristem, leaf petiole and also in anther
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expression is strongest in late stages of anther development
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expression of AtG3P4
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filaments
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high expression
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highly stained in AtCOX19-1::GUS plants
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isoform AACT! is highly expressed in root tips, young leaf, top stem and anther
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isoform PSS1 promoter activity is prominent in developing anthers
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mature
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mature, MGT9
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P47924, Q39189, Q6NLQ7, Q8LDP6, Q93WC9, Q94ID1, Q94ID2, Q94ID3, Q9C6L1, Q9FN47, Q9LJL4, Q9LNJ4, Q9SB60
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expression is 1000fold higher than that of isoenzyme PLDalpha3
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expression is 1000fold lower than that of isoenzyme PLDalpha1
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young
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O81796, P93032, Q1ACB3, Q8GXU8, Q8L4Y2, Q8LFC0, Q8LG50, Q8LG77, Q945K7, Q9LHN4, Q9SYC8
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cell suspension culture established from cotyledon-derived calli
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O80568, O81796, O81893, P93032, Q42569, Q8LFC0, Q8LG77, Q945K7, Q9FLN8, Q9SBA5, Q9SUG3
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gene IAMT1 is expressed during pistil development
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highly active in the transmitting tissue of the Arabidopsis pistil
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A0A178WMD4, F4K172, O80568, O81024, O81893, P46312, P54150, P57751, Q0WRB0, Q38908, Q39152, Q39189, Q3ED15, Q4PT07, Q6NPM8, Q8GWG0, Q94B70, Q94F00, Q9CA90, Q9FGN1, Q9FJ72, Q9FJ73, Q9FJ74, Q9FJ75, Q9FJ76, Q9FJ77, Q9FJ78, Q9FYG4, Q9LIS3, Q9LNL1, Q9LR03, Q9LXN3, Q9M332, Q9M7I7, Q9M8S8, Q9M9S1, Q9SBA5, Q9SL43, Q9SUG3, Q9SVX6, Q9T0I8
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661020, 661739, 670619, 673698, 681243, 682433, 694755, 700813, 706183, 706345, 716043, 720703, 720731, 720738, 733246, 757327, 757702, 758132, 759572, 761180, 761738, 762164, 763570
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AtUSP mRNA-specific qRT-PCR
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GAE1
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GAE2
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high expression
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high expression level
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high expression level (microarray)
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high expression level of IMD3 and IMD2
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high expression level, revealed by Reverse Transcription-PCR
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highest expression level of isozyme PMSRA4
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highest expression of isoform MIPS1
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low expression of PME31
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mature plant
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vasicular tissue, ATCSLD5 promoter driven beta-glucuronidase (GUS) expression
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weak expression
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enzyme activity decreases by 5.5fold in senescent cell cultures, 1.5-3.5fold increased activity of both isozymes during cell wall synthesis
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ERK is associated with gamma-tubulin on microtubules in proliferating cells
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Escherichia coli BL21 cell is used for cloning and expression
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MPK6 is associated with gamma-tubulin on microtubules in proliferating cells
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O81796, P06525, P24806, P93032, Q8LFC0, Q8LG77, Q945K7, Q94AX4, Q96533, Q9C6B3, Q9FMV1, Q9FWR5, Q9LSV0, Q9SMN1
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649455, 657853, 663039, 670547, 716486, 722899, 723057, 723392, 724453, 743500, 748948, 754483, 758647, 762242, 763605
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5-day-old cell suspensions cultures of Arabidopsis thaliana, ecotype Columbia-0 are used
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from cells derived from leaf calli
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low expression of isoform TGG1, no expression of isoform TGG2. Monitoring of the levels of glucosinolates
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all GDH genes are expressed in the mitochondria of the root companion cells
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isoform SuSy1 is expressed exclusively in phloem companion cells
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isoform SuSy4 is expressed exclusively in phloem companion cells
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NRT1.9 is a transporter expressed in the companion cells of root phloem
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NRT1.9 is expressed in the companion cells of the phloem
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phloem, high expression just before onset of senescence (promoter activity)
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A8MQH1, C4PW05, F4IIN3, F4K2A1, O22765, O23051, O23553, O80860, O80983, O81020, O81796, P42801, P93032, P93046, Q1PDW5, Q39102, Q3KTM0, Q42524, Q56WN1, Q84WU8, Q8GW27, Q8H965, Q8L7Y9, Q8LCE1, Q8LFC0, Q8LG77, Q8VYI3, Q8VZB2, Q8VZI8, Q8W585, Q93YN0, Q941L0, Q945K7, Q94KE3, Q96255, Q9C5Y2, Q9FFP6, Q9FGM0, Q9FH02, Q9FIM2, Q9FM97, Q9FNN1, Q9LR75, Q9LSZ9, Q9LU36, Q9LX12, Q9M8Z7, Q9S725, Q9S777, Q9S816, Q9SAJ3, Q9SD67, Q9SHP0, Q9SJL9, Q9SJQ0, Q9SRQ6, Q9SRQ7, Q9SS04, Q9ZUY3
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1269, 636819, 666599, 670547, 670587, 676421, 676428, 676455, 682325, 686951, 693498, 700858, 701006, 703814, 703847, 705377, 705949, 706160, 706238, 706323, 709101, 712664, 715523, 716519, 716522, 720685, 720698, 726153, 726228, 730853, 732654, 737027, 739399, 742595, 742992, 744763, 745466, 746078, 746082, 746109, 746246, 747869, 748929, 748931, 748982, 749092, 750200, 757987, 759276, 759278, 762193
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8 day plants, different light conditions
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apparent ectopic GUS expression in the cotyledons and mature leaves outside of the vascular tissues in some cases, but this was restricted to the veins in the wounded area in a pattern reminiscent of 4CL3 expression, overview
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AtUSP mRNA-specific qRT-PCR, strong expression in vascular tissue (promoter: beta-glucuronidase assay)
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greening
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isoform AtFRO7
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isoform FC1 shows high expression cotyledons
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NADP-ME4 is found in guard cells of cotyledonous leaves
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PAO3 promoter activity is detected in cotyledon, distal portion of root, boundary region of mature rosette leaf and in filaments of flower
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petiole of cotyledon
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preferential expression of MEKK1 in the vasculature
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seedling
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senescent
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strongly expressed in cotyledons, rosette leaves, stems, and siliques
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translocon constituent toc33 is indispensable for the import of isoform PorB
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vascular tissue
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vasicular tissue, ATCSLD5 promoter driven beta-glucuronidase (GUS) expression
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high expression in dark-grown cells, no light response during greening. Constitutive enzym, expression in mature cells
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high expression in dark-grown cells, no light response during greening. Very low expression in mature cells
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B0F481, F4HTM3, F4HVH9, F4K645, O04130, O49485, O80437, O80952, O81024, P0DH99, P46416, P49040, Q00917, Q0WL56, Q38970, Q5XF03, Q8GTY0, Q8GWG0, Q8W4H7, Q93YP7, Q9C9P4, Q9CAY3, Q9FZ22, Q9LF04, Q9LHS7, Q9LMM0, Q9LT69, Q9M8Z7, Q9SHJ5, Q9SYJ2
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392375, 485607, 485615, 489023, 656351, 657904, 660199, 664757, 676502, 676505, 682390, 694673, 694716, 700222, 703847, 703859, 706323, 714802, 716615, 723425, 738231, 739293, 739295, 741139, 744605, 757327, 757335, 757543, 757986, 762147
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activity is detected in the central vasculature of the siliques
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activity is detected in the embryo at all developmental stages, including the seed attachment point and the integuments, NADP-ME4
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at 3 d and 10 d after flowering, SUS protein localized to the silique wall, seed coat, funiculus, and endosperm. By 13 d after flowering, SUS protein is detected in the embryo and aleurone layer, but is absent from the seed coat and funiculus
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at the globular and heart stage, detected in the funiculus and vascular tissue of the siliques, NADP-ME2
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developing embryo
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developing, KCR1 and KCR2
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enzyme plays a crucial role in embry, pollen and root development
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expression of NADP-ME1 from the torpedo stage onward
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expression of NYC1 during embryo development and regulation, semiquantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis, overview
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in the early-globular stage
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isozyme LACS8 shows the highest expression level in the embryo
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KCR1 and KCR2
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KCR1 and KCR2 transcripts
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PECT1 expression is greatest in tissues undergoing cell division or elongation
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predominant expression
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predominant isoform NIT2 in developing embryos
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significantly increased FAC1 expression in the zygote, early embryo and endosperm. During somatic embryogenesis, a high level of FAC1 expression is observed in developing embryos including putative embryogenic cells. FAC1 represents one of the earliest expressed genes known in plants. It may act through AMP depletion to provide sufficient energy for the zygote to proceed through development
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F4JJL0, F4JJL3, P49040, Q00917, Q9C8L4, Q9C9G4, Q9FJZ3, Q9LZV3, Q9M0H6, Q9SMZ4, Q9SXA6
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392367, 676502, 693417, 714802, 716615, 716654, 726227, 730587, 740350, 746121, 757335, 763097
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at 3 d and 10 d after flowering, SUS protein localized to the silique wall, seed coat, funiculus, and endosperm. By 13 d after flowering, SUS protein is detected in the embryo and aleurone layer, but is absent from the seed coat and funiculus
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chalazal
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NADP-ME4
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of developing seeds
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outer layers
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predominant expression
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predominant expression of isoform IPT4
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predominant expression of isoform IPT8
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significantly increased FAC1 expression in the zygote, early embryo and endosperm
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attached to storage-protein substrates in ER bodies
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of roots and root hairs
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small young cells adjacent to the epidermis cells with less frequent fusion enzyme signal (group III mutants), fusion enzyme signals only in small young cells adjacent to the epidermis cells (group V mutants - impaired chloroplast development with less chlorophyll)
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XDH1 is expressed in epidermal cells albeit at relatively lower levels compared with mesophyll cells
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abaxial epidermis
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gard cells of leaf and shoot epidermis
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guard cell-enriched epidermal fragments, higher expression levels of isoform 2-OGDH1 than isoform 2-OGDH2
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guard cells
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in root
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isoenzyme LACS2
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isoform KCS20 and KCS2/DAISY transcripts are approximately 4 and 2fold higher in epidermal peels than in stem
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of stem and leaf
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promoter activity is primarily found in the epidermis, cortex, and stele of mature primary and lateral roots, but not in the root meristem or the elongation zone
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seed coat epidermis
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Upper epidermis of Allium cepa is used for transient expression
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LPOR-A is present in etiolated tissue. LPOR-A is expressed during early phases of development when large amounts of pigments need to be synthesized quickly, while LPOR-B and LPOR-C are responsible for the bulk chlorophyll synthesis of adult or green plants
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LPOR-B is present in etiolated tissue. LPOR-A is expressed during early phases of development when large amounts of pigments need to be synthesized quickly, while LPOR-B and LPOR-C are responsible for the bulk chlorophyll synthesis of adult or green plants
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NADP-ME4
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A0A178WMD4, A4GNA8, B0T7D7, B9TSP7, F4HVH9, F4HXY7, F4HYF3, F4IAX1, F4IV16, F4IWV2, F4K645, F4K7D6, F4KAK5, O04130, O22141, O22267, O22666, O22765, O23066, O49485, O64752, O80437, O80568, O80823, O81346, O81796, O81893, O82312, P0CZ23, P0DH99, P25858, P30181, P31166, P46312, P47924, P48422, P57751, P93032, Q02971, Q08891, Q0WL56, Q0WLU3, Q0WM36, Q0WRB0, Q0WS47, Q1PDI2, Q1PEI6, Q38908, Q39032, Q39033, Q39152, Q39189, Q3EBF7, Q3ED15, Q42563, Q4PT07, Q52T38, Q56W08, Q56WJ4, Q5XF03, Q6NLQ7, Q6NMA7, Q75W54, Q7XJ91, Q7XJ92, Q84MA2, Q84V22, Q8GTY0, Q8GV43, Q8GWG0, Q8GXU8, Q8GYL3, Q8GYW7, Q8H191, Q8H1H9, Q8H1S0, Q8L4Y2, Q8L7K9, Q8L7S8, Q8L850, Q8L866, Q8LFC0, Q8LG50, Q8LG77, Q8RX88, Q8S8N6, Q8VYB9, Q8VYG2, Q8VZR0, Q8W4H7, Q93WC9, Q93YP7, Q93ZB9, Q93ZC9, Q93ZR6, Q944C1, Q944C2, Q945K7, Q949X7, Q94A94, Q94B70, Q94BT0, Q94CE5, Q94F30, Q94ID1, Q94ID2, Q94ID3, Q94JQ3, Q9ASU1, Q9C509, Q9C5C4, Q9C5W0, Q9C5Y0, Q9C6L1, Q9C9P4, Q9CA90, Q9CAD6, Q9CAH5, Q9CAY3, Q9FFN7, Q9FG67, Q9FGN1, Q9FJ72, Q9FJ73, Q9FJ74, Q9FJ75, Q9FJ76, Q9FJ77, Q9FJ78, Q9FKS0, Q9FLH2, Q9FLT2, Q9FMV7, Q9FMW8, Q9FN52, Q9FNA2, Q9FUR2, Q9FWA3, Q9FYC2, Q9FZ22, Q9LE33, Q9LFP0, Q9LFW1, Q9LG26, Q9LHN4, Q9LHS7, Q9LIS1, Q9LIS3, Q9LJL4, Q9LMM0, Q9LMM1, Q9LMT2, Q9LNL1, Q9LQ04, Q9LR75, Q9LSV0, Q9LSZ9, Q9LT69, Q9LTR9, Q9LXN3, Q9LY23, Q9LY51, Q9LY82, Q9LYT1, Q9M0D7, Q9M1R1, Q9M5K2, Q9M7I7, Q9S7N2, Q9S7Y7, Q9SB00, Q9SB60, Q9SBA5, Q9SCL7, Q9SD85, Q9SHJ5, Q9SI62, Q9SIU0, Q9SLD2, Q9SMP5, Q9SRT9, Q9STZ3, Q9SU38, Q9SUG3, Q9SUW2, Q9SVM9, Q9SYC8, Q9SYH3, Q9SYJ2, Q9ZRA2, Q9ZRP7, Q9ZUX1, Q9ZV40
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390777, 391065, 485607, 486233, 487773, 488378, 638170, 638978, 646195, 651332, 652650, 653520, 653534, 656170, 657055, 657064, 657111, 659383, 660174, 660195, 660199, 660234, 660235, 661237, 661739, 662119, 662324, 663134, 663162, 664195, 664380, 670533, 670547, 670559, 670622, 670629, 671354, 673698, 676410, 676428, 676432, 676507, 676516, 676545, 676548, 676556, 676560, 677889, 679865, 681242, 681243, 682141, 682411, 682423, 682433, 682473, 689409, 689461, 689535, 689634, 693166, 693498, 694579, 694587, 694651, 694746, 694755, 699807, 700222, 700757, 700809, 700827, 700858, 703859, 704516, 706183, 706345, 712417, 713233, 713263, 715448, 716285, 716491, 716535, 716547, 716561, 716615, 716625, 718246, 718775, 719252, 719255, 719540, 720672, 720698, 720728, 720731, 720747, 724675, 726153, 726232, 726241, 727640, 729125, 730585, 730599, 733246, 734805, 734864, 734880, 734884, 734892, 734950, 734962, 736881, 736987, 737030, 737045, 738817, 739269, 739293, 739321, 739399, 741139, 741151, 741186, 741438, 743450, 743607, 744990, 746021, 746028, 746029, 746085, 746150, 746153, 747881, 748912, 748929, 750200, 757327, 757543, 757544, 757702, 757986, 758132, 759572, 759969, 759973, 760009, 761180, 761205, 761655, 761738, 762127, 763054
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24 d inflorescence: expression of GA2ox1, GA2ox2 (dominant), GA2ox3, GA2ox4, GA2ox6 (second highest level)
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52 kDa isoform
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abundant expression in flower
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activity is highest in sink tissues, especially in flowers and siliques
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and leaf, highest expression levels
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and stem, highest expression levels
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anther of developing flower
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AtCCR1, not AtCCR 2, northern blot analysis
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AtFAR6 promoter active in epidermis, endothecium and tapetum of anthers, histochemical staining of AtFAR6 promoter-GUS reporter gene activity
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AtGlcAK is highly expressed in flowers
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AtGT-2 is expressed in this tissue, higher in the flowers and leaves than in roots and stems
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AtPLC2 expression
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buds, AtRTL2
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cDNA library
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constitutive accumulation of its transcript is seen in flower and developing silique tissues
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constitutive expression of AtPLC2 in vegetative and floral tissues
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containing green sepals
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CYP86A2 transcripts are 2- to 10fold less abundant in seedling roots, mature roots, and flower
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CYP86A8 transcripts are 2fold more abundant in flowers than in seedling shoots
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B3DN87, O80685, Q0WQK2, Q3EBC2, Q3EC11, Q500Z2, Q52T38, Q5M757, Q6DR03, Q7XA86, Q8L5Y5, Q8VYP5, Q8VYS8, Q93VV0, Q94C49, Q9C533, Q9FLM3, Q9LIE4, Q9LIH7, Q9M115, Q9M1K5, Q9M306, Q9SB58
developed
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developing flower
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-
developing, constitutive expression of gene AtChl2 and gene ATHCOR1, expression of recmbinant enzyme in mutant transgenic plants
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ecotype Cvi
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enzyme form 10, most abundant in
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-
expressed especially in developing stems and flowers
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expressed in male and female organs of young and mature flowers
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expressed in several parts of the Arabidopsis flower, strong expression of At5g44630 in intrafloral nectaries
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expression in all floral tissues including sepal, stamen, pistil as well as pollen grains, but it is only present at both ends of developing siliques
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expression in root, stem, leaf and flower
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expression is 1000fold higher than that of isoenzyme PLDalpha3
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expression is 1000fold lower than that of isoenzyme PLDalpha1
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expression is constitutive, but highest in flower organ
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expression levels of ProDH2 are generally low, but increase in senescent leaves and in the abscission zone of floral organs
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expression occurs constitutively in floral tissues
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expression of ENDO1 is associated with flower development, expression in stamen, sepal and petal
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expression of ENDO3 is highly specific to flower development. It appears first in the shoot apex of an emerging inflorescence stem, remains high in young flowers and decreases gradually with the development of siliques. ENDO3 is preferentially expressed in the pistil and less abundantly in the stamen. The comparison of ENDO3 transcript levels in the whole pistil and separate ovules suggests that ENDO3 activity is mainly related to the ovule
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expression of LCB1
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expression of LCB2
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expression of NMT2 isoform 2
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expression profile of IAMT1 in flower tissues, overview
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floral meristem
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floral organs
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flower and floral bud, high expression level
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-
flowers express the highest level of the MTAN transcript
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GAE1
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GAE2
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GGT3 is a major contributor to total GGT activity in roots, but a relatively minor contributor in other tissues
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high activity
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high expression
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high expression level
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-
high expression rate
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high level of expression
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highest expression
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-
highest expression in immature flowers
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highest expression level of CYP82C2 is found in roots, followed by flowers, with relatively low expression in stems and leaves
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-
highest expression of isoform KCS2/DAISY
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-
highest expression of isoform MIPS1
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highest expression of mtPPT
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highest level
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highest levels of AtBSMT1 transcript
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in anthers and in particular in anther tapetal cells, localized in the anther-filament junction site, localized in sepals, petals and pistils, but not in pollen grains
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intrafloral nectaries, exclusive expression in flower
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isoenzyme AtMIPS2-1 is largely heat inducible at the various growth stages such as seedling, flower, developing silique and mature siliques
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isoform Clo-3
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isoform E1-OGDH2 is slightly more expressed in cauline leaf and flowers
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-
isoform SLD1 and SLD2 are most highly expressed in the flower
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isoforms AtFRO5, AtFRO6
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isozyme TR-BAMY
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-
isozymes Ipk2alpha and Ipk2beta
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-
KCR1 and KCR2
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-
KCR1 and KCR2 transcripts
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-
LKR mRNA is highly abundant in ovules and vascular tissue of anther filaments
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low expression
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low expression level
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lower expression level
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-
lowest expression
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-
mature plant
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mature, after anthesis
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-
MIOX4 and MIOX5 expression is largely restricted to flowers, particularly maturing pollen
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moderate expresion
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moderate expression
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moderate to lower expression of PME31
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NAD-ME1and -2 subunits show a distinct patterns of accumulation in the separate components of the floral organ
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present in very young flower buds, later during flower development in pistils and anthers, especially in pistil walls and septum of young flowers. Anther filaments, pollen grains, nectar andguard cells of sepals are stained too, pollen staining persists during pollination and pollen tube growth
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present very early during flower development. As flower development proceeds and before pollen maturation, strong staining appeared in pistils (stigma and ovary wall), which gradually decreases and finally disappears
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promoter and transcript analyses indicate that AtHEMN1 is expressed mainly in floral tissues and developing seeds
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relatively high levels in most cell types (AtUSP mRNA-specific qRT-PCR)
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ROC1 and ROC4
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RT-PCR, gene-specific primers for the isoform
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-
sepals and filaments of developed flowers, NADP-ME2
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slight accumulation
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-
specifically expressed in flower petals
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-
stems and flowers contain two- to threefold more thermospermine compared to whole seedlings and mature leaves
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strong expression
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strong expression in mature flower parts (microarray)
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subunit R2 isoforms TSO2 and RNR2A
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the transcription level of AtCYN is higher in the flower than in other organs of Arabidopsis thaliana
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-
traces
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transcript detected
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transcript detected in
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ubiquitously expressed in Arabidopsis tissues and organs
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upper parts of stamen filaments in middle-stage flower buds
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very low activity
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very low expression level
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-
very low expression level of IMD1
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-
very low expression level of Pht1;5
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-
young, in anthers and in particular in the microspores and the tapetum, microspore staining is gradually decreased during flower development, anther staining is finally restricted to the antherfilament junction
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F4JLK2, O22267, P54150, P92974, P93028, Q3ED15, Q4PT07, Q8GWG0, Q8RY24, Q8VYI3, Q94BT0, Q9C9P4, Q9CAH5, Q9FGN1, Q9FJ72, Q9FJ73, Q9FJ74, Q9FJ75, Q9FJ76, Q9FJ77, Q9FJ78, Q9FY54, Q9LNL1, Q9LYT1, Q9M7I7, Q9SI62, Q9SKX5, Q9SL43, Q9SU79
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1111, 670619, 680715, 681243, 703859, 706345, 719540, 723919, 736569, 741151, 746028, 757327, 757702, 757986
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already in very young, completely closed flower buds
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-
AtChl2
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-
differential expression of mitochondrial and cytosolic gly II
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expression of NMT2 isoform 2
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HAM1 or the HAM2 genes display an overlapping expression pattern, mainly in growing organs such as shoots and flower buds
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high expression level
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-
high expression level of both isozymes
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-
high levels of ADPG1, ADPG2 present and low levels of QRT2
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-
highest expression
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-
mature plant, relatively high expression of AtFKGP mRNA
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-
string expression in male and female organs
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-
strong expression of AtIPK1 in male and female organs of flower buds
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young, AtITPK4 transcript is expressed throughout early flower development which culminates in the opening of the flower bud
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-
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-
cellular separation of myrosinase enzyme and glucosinolate substrate. In the flower stalk, myrosinase-containing phloem cell are located between phloem sieve elements and glucosinolate-rich S cells
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expression of isoforms GapA-1, GapB and phosphoribulokinase and peptide Cp12-2 is co-ordinately regulated with the same organ specificity, all four genes being mostly expressed in leaf and flower stalk, less expressed in flower, and little or not expressed in roots and siliques. Expression in leaf is terminated during prolonged darkness or following sucrose treatment, and their transcripts decay with similar kinetics
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-
less expressed in flower, and little or not expressed in root and silique
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tissue with highest activity
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-
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-
fruit abscission zone
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-
immature
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-
ripening
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-
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-
both beta subunit levels are similar in male gametophytes, subunit A1 is expressed in all tissues, subunit A2 is expressed significantly only in pollen
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CYP85A1 mRNA is localized in the female gametophyte. Within the ovule the corresponding protein is mostly active in gametophytic cells
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-
enzyme activity is essential for male gametophytes
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male and female
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male, isozymes AtIPK2alpha and AtIPK2beta have overlapping expression in male gametophyte
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the endoplasmic reticulum-located LPAT2 is essential for female but not male gametophyte development in Arabidopsis thaliana
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A8MQH1, O80612, P20649, P37702, Q43870, Q6NQA8, Q8H1D8, Q9C5C2, Q9C9P4, Q9LYT1, Q9SJM7, Q9SKX5, Q9SPM5, Q9SQG2, Q9SU79, Q9XI62
-
663137, 666920, 694677, 694816, 700741, 703859, 710265, 710272, 710284, 716044, 716462, 721094, 723919, 734922, 734983, 738299, 739358, 748487, 748981, 755451, 755996, 757987
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AAO3 mRNA expression in guard cells of dehydrated rosette leaves
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cotyledons, uniform distribution of the fusion enzyme signal within the chloroplast (group 1 mutants - defects in specific steps of the chlorophyllide a enzyme regulation), punctate fusion enzyme signal (group II mutants - defect in chloroplast proteases), fusion enzyme signal only in guard cells (group VI mutants - slight inhibition of enzyme degradation or slightly enhanced enzyme synthesis)
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-
detected in the differentiated stomatal guard cells of the leaf surface
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dominantly expressed in vascular bundles in most organs as well as in the guard cells
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-
enzyme activity is restricted to guard cells and phloem idioblasts
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-
expressed at low levels in guard cells
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from siliques
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gene PME34 is highly expressed in guard cells and in response to the phytohormone abscisic acid
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guard cell proteome, overview
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-
isozyme PLDalpha1 is presented in guard cells in a much higher level than other PLDs in Arabidopsis thaliana
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-
major site of CYP707A1 and CYP707A3 expression
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TGG1 is a strikingly abundant protein in guard cells
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TGG1 is highly abundant in guard cells of leaves
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the plant hormone abscisic acid triggers production of reactive oxygen species in guard cells via the AtrbohD and AtrbohF NADPH oxidases, leading to stomatal closure. The ABA-activated SnRK2 protein kinase open stomata 1 (OST1) regulates AtrbohF activity
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F4K2A1, O22446, O22765, O23051, O49006, O81796, P93032, P93046, Q8GXJ1, Q8H0W2, Q8LFC0, Q8LG77, Q945K7, Q9C5Y2, Q9LYT1, Q9S7N2, Q9SJL9, Q9SKX5, Q9SS04, Q9SU79
-
636819, 670547, 670563, 682429, 693498, 694666, 694688, 699269, 700747, 700858, 700871, 706160, 719254, 723919, 732654, 734963, 742595, 742992, 746078, 746246, 750200, 751100, 758004
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-
epidermal cell
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etiolated
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high levels, otherwise ubiquitous (in silico analysis)
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-
hypocotyl of seedling, high expression of isoform TGG1, no expression of isoform TGG2
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-
isoform FC1 shows high expression hypocotyls
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isozyme SUS6
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-
NADP-ME4
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of seedling
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strongly expressed in hypocotyl and root
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-
vascular tissue
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F4J4C8, F4K172, O81020, O81796, P0DH99, P93032, Q0WL56, Q1ACB3, Q52T38, Q8GTY0, Q8H965, Q8L7Y9, Q8LB02, Q8LBZ7, Q8LFC0, Q8LG77, Q8S4Y1, Q8W4H7, Q945K7, Q9C5C4, Q9C9P4, Q9FIK7, Q9FYG4, Q9LR03, Q9M332, Q9M9S1, Q9S816, Q9SRQ6, Q9SRQ7, Q9SVX6
-
644892, 657074, 660195, 663090, 670547, 694579, 694755, 700222, 703111, 703818, 703859, 720672, 728534, 730853, 734884, 739321, 746121, 761619, 763570
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constitutive expression
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constitutively expressed
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highest expression
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Q84VV0
highest expression level
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-
KCR1 and KCR2 present in inflorescence stem
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low ACT1 expression
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low expression
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-
mature plant
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-
meristem and stamen
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moderate expression
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the expression level is lower in the apical part of the inflorescence stem when compared with the basal region
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-
upper part of younger inflorescences
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vascular tissue, AtPAL1 and AtPAL2
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-
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enzyme form 10, most abundant in
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-
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AtUSP mRNA-specific qRT-PCR
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-
KCR1 and KCR2
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-
-
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-
kernel endosperm
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A0A090MHY5, A4GNA8, A8MQH1, A8MRX0, B0T7D7, B3LF83, B9DFG3, B9DGD6, C4PW05, F4I907, F4IAX1, F4IFC5, F4IV16, F4K172, F4K5W8, F4K7D6, F4KAK5, O04130, O04196, O22141, O22229, O22527, O22666, O22788, O22832, O23051, O23087, O23141, O23240, O23255, O23553, O23653, O48721, O48917, O49434, O49485, O49543, O64816, O64883, O64903, O64948, O80437, O80568, O80860, O80952, O80983, O81020, O81024, O81030, O81346, O81770, O81796, O81852, O81893, O82200, O82312, O82390, O82730, O92261, P0C7R2, P0CW78, P0CZ23, P0DH99, P22953, P22954, P25855, P25856, P25858, P31166, P34802, P37107, P37271, P37702, P42043, P42339, P42770, P46310, P46313, P46416, P47924, P47998, P47999, P48622, P49040, P50318, P55228, P55228 and P55229, P55229, P55230, P55231, P55826, P57751, P92939, P92947, P92974, P92981, P93028, P93032, P93832, Q00917, Q02971, Q0WL56, Q0WM36, Q0WUC2, Q1ACB3, Q1G1A4, Q1PDI2, Q1PDW5, Q1WIQ6, Q38882, Q39032, Q39033, Q39102, Q39219, Q39249, Q3EBF7, Q3ECS3, Q42524, Q42538, Q42560, Q42563, Q42588, Q42592, Q42593, Q42600, Q43127, Q43314 AND Q38946, Q43316, Q43725, Q52T38, Q56W08, Q56WJ4, Q56WN1, Q56YA5, Q56YN3, Q56ZN0, Q5E924, Q5XF03, Q66GI4, Q66GM9, Q67Y55, Q680I5, Q6NLA5, Q6NLQ7, Q6NMA7, Q6NQL6, Q6TBX7, Q6XMI3, Q6ZY51, Q76FS5, Q7G9P4, Q7XJ91, Q7XJ92, Q7XJR2, Q84V22, Q84VV0, Q84VX0, Q84WU8, Q84WW2, Q8GRX1, Q8GTY0, Q8GUK6, Q8GUQ8, Q8GV43, Q8GW27, Q8GW43, Q8GWG0, Q8GXR9, Q8GXU8, Q8GY89, Q8GYL3, Q8H0W1, Q8H191, Q8H1E2, Q8H1F7, Q8H1H9, Q8H1S0, Q8H965, Q8L493, Q8L4Y2, Q8L735, Q8L799, Q8L7K9, Q8L7R2, Q8L7Y9, Q8L850, Q8L866, Q8LBA6, Q8LDU4, Q8LE52, Q8LEV7, Q8LFC0, Q8LG50, Q8LG70, Q8LG77, Q8RUF8, Q8RUW5, Q8RX87, Q8RX88, Q8RXD9, Q8S3C2, Q8S4Y1, Q8S8N6, Q8S948, Q8VWJ1, Q8VYG2, Q8VYI3, Q8VYJ1, Q8VYW6, Q8VYX0, Q8VZA5, Q8VZB2, Q8VZI8, Q8W033, Q8W471, Q8W493, Q8W4H7, Q8W585, Q93VK5, Q93WX6, Q93Y23, Q93YN0, Q93YV0, Q93Z96, Q93ZB9, Q93ZC9, Q93ZN9, Q93ZR6, Q944B6, Q944C1, Q944C2, Q945K7, Q949P2, Q949Q0, Q949X0, Q949X7, Q94A08, Q94A82, Q94A94, Q94AA9, Q94AF2, Q94AH8, Q94AM1, Q94AR8, Q94AR8 AND Q9LYT7, Q94AR8 AND Q9ZW84, Q94AR8 AND Q9ZW85, Q94AX4, Q94B35, Q94B70, Q94B74, Q94BT0, Q94CE5, Q94F30, Q94FY7, Q94JM2, Q94JV5, Q94K43, Q94KE3, Q96242, Q96255, Q96533, Q9ASU1, Q9C509, Q9C550, Q9C5C2, Q9C5W0, Q9C5Y2, Q9C6D2, Q9C8L4, Q9C9C9, Q9C9D0, Q9C9P4, Q9C9W5, Q9CA90, Q9CAH5, Q9CAY3, Q9FFN7, Q9FFP6, Q9FG67, Q9FGC7, Q9FGM0, Q9FH02, Q9FI56, Q9FIK7, Q9FIM2, Q9FIN1, Q9FIZ7, Q9FJU4, Q9FKB3, Q9FKS0, Q9FKW6, Q9FLN8, Q9FLT2, Q9FM54, Q9FM97, Q9FMT1, Q9FMV7, Q9FN30, Q9FN52, Q9FNA9, Q9FND9, Q9FNF2, Q9FNN1, Q9FRL8, Q9FT69, Q9FUP0, Q9FWA3, Q9FWR4, Q9FX32, Q9FYC2, Q9FYG4, Q9FZ22, Q9FZ80, Q9LD57, Q9LFP0, Q9LFW1, Q9LHN4, Q9LHS7, Q9LIK9, Q9LMM0, Q9LMR3, Q9LMT2, Q9LMX8, Q9LPW0, Q9LQ04, Q9LR03, Q9LR75, Q9LSV0, Q9LSZ9, Q9LT69, Q9LTG0, Q9LTR9, Q9LU36, Q9LV03, Q9LW27, Q9LXL5, Q9LY23, Q9LY51, Q9LYD8, Q9LYT1, Q9LYT7, Q9LYU8, Q9LZ76, Q9M0A7, Q9M0G0, Q9M0S5, Q9M111, Q9M332, Q9M3B0, Q9M591, Q9M5K2, Q9M5K3 and Q94B78 and P25855 and Q9LQL0 and O65396, Q9M7I7, Q9M8S8, Q9M8Z7, Q9M9S1, Q9M9V6, Q9MBA1, Q9S702, Q9S725, Q9S777, Q9S795, Q9S7E4, Q9S7H8, Q9S7N2, Q9S7Z3, Q9S816, Q9S850, Q9SA14, Q9SA18, Q9SAC6, Q9SAJ3, Q9SAJ6, Q9SB00, Q9SBA5, Q9SBJ1, Q9SD67, Q9SD76, Q9SEV0, Q9SF23, Q9SHJ5, Q9SHP0, Q9SI62, Q9SI64, Q9SI93, Q9SID2, Q9SIK1, Q9SIU0, Q9SJ89, Q9SJQ0, Q9SK82, Q9SLD2, Q9SLK0, Q9SMP5, Q9SMT7, Q9SMZ4, Q9SND6, Q9SRQ6, Q9SRQ7, Q9SRT9, Q9SRZ6, Q9SS04, Q9STS1, Q9STV0, Q9STZ3, Q9SU14, Q9SU38, Q9SU56, Q9SUG3, Q9SUW2, Q9SUW4, Q9SVX6, Q9SWG0, Q9SXE1, Q9SXJ7, Q9SXP7, Q9SY55, Q9SYC8, Q9SYG7, Q9SYH3, Q9SYJ2, Q9SYJ4, Q9SZZ8, Q9T003, Q9XES1, Q9XFS9, Q9XI55, Q9XI84, Q9ZNZ7, Q9ZQ99, Q9ZRA2, Q9ZRP7, Q9ZRW8, Q9ZSA2, Q9ZUC1, Q9ZUX1, Q9ZUY3, Q9ZW84, Q9ZW85
-
1111, 1269, 1317, 5542, 5572, 33302, 135416, 137555, 286158, 286649, 286676, 390777, 390778, 391065, 393363, 438417, 485607, 485615, 485618, 486233, 487713, 487773, 487887, 488378, 489000, 489001, 489010, 489014, 489023, 489102, 489238, 489952, 492191, 636536, 638146, 638170, 638978, 640083, 643136, 643153, 643166, 644892, 650337, 650503, 652259, 652650, 653478, 653544, 655581, 656170, 656414, 656618, 656971, 656996, 657018, 657038, 657055, 657064, 657084, 657111, 657853, 659230, 660135, 660148, 660181, 660195, 660223, 660234, 660235, 660241, 660254, 660259, 660407, 661020, 661237, 662119, 662384, 662432, 662456, 662537, 663026, 663027, 663056, 663062, 663090, 663091, 663097, 663131, 663132, 663134, 663137, 663162, 663178, 663181, 663275, 664195, 664380, 665755, 666599, 666637, 666906, 666920, 667844, 668202, 669515, 670369, 670497, 670540, 670547, 670593, 670622, 670629, 673698, 674841, 675123, 675637, 675646, 675661, 675685, 675754, 676008, 676354, 676404, 676410, 676421, 676422, 676425, 676428, 676432, 676436, 676444, 676450, 676483, 676496, 676507, 676515, 676516, 676537, 676548, 676556, 676560, 676581, 676608, 676619, 676621, 676664, 676695, 676765, 676771, 677889, 679780, 680823, 681140, 681242, 681243, 681616, 682325, 682349, 682383, 682390, 682419, 682423, 682427, 682433, 682466, 682470, 682960, 683975, 683977, 684122, 685002, 685371, 685836, 685901, 686755, 687741, 688078, 688079, 688090, 688091, 688456, 689409, 689453, 689461, 689530, 689531, 689552, 689565, 689575, 689588, 689608, 689615, 689627, 689634, 689762, 689772, 689784, 690026, 690824, 691980, 693211, 693417, 693420, 694579, 694587, 694615, 694627, 694649, 694651, 694661, 694666, 694673, 694676, 694693, 694696, 694708, 694712, 694717, 694718, 694746, 694816, 694819, 694886, 695223, 696084, 696125, 697908, 697958, 698838, 698932, 699269, 699585, 700222, 700309, 700486, 700695, 700711, 700721, 700728, 700732, 700736, 700740, 700751, 700755, 700762, 700771, 700801, 700805, 700815, 700816, 700818, 700819, 700820, 700827, 700858, 700871, 701018, 701075, 702463, 702531, 703706, 703818, 703847, 704516, 704862, 705377, 705730, 706107, 706111, 706160, 706161, 706178, 706183, 706210, 706232, 706255, 706291, 706307, 706311, 706323, 706331, 706353, 706431, 706530, 706865, 710014, 710264, 710266, 710281, 710282, 710284, 710319, 710320, 710321, 710418, 710644, 711597, 712018, 712417, 712607, 712664, 712769, 713211, 713222, 713233, 713246, 713271, 713272, 713279, 713307, 713311, 713315, 713331, 713423, 713943, 714531, 714630, 715012, 715448, 715482, 715523, 715617, 716024, 716044, 716115, 716177, 716285, 716321, 716358, 716360, 716440, 716493, 716512, 716515, 716522, 716526, 716535, 716542, 716547, 716577, 716592, 716625, 716636, 716648, 716733, 716773, 716914, 717092, 718172, 718215, 718246, 718911, 719204, 719252, 719255, 719457, 719540, 720025, 720128, 720135, 720506, 720672, 720678, 720685, 720698, 720703, 720728, 720739, 720741, 720747, 720769, 720776, 720860, 721779, 722283, 722347, 722873, 722899, 723057, 723226, 723232, 723277, 723405, 723408, 723410, 723421, 723424, 723429, 723449, 723467, 723507, 724675, 725462, 726016, 726128, 726144, 726153, 726158, 726164, 726215, 726232, 726241, 726245, 726323, 726877, 727255, 727640, 728455, 728456, 728457, 728474, 728506, 728507, 728508, 728526, 728528, 728980, 729160, 729621, 729710, 730425, 730428, 730551, 730568, 730652, 730782, 730853, 730931, 732019, 732074, 732470, 732625, 732649, 732651, 732653, 732655, 732658, 732750, 733398, 733589, 734120, 734153, 734384, 734548, 734549, 734558, 734739, 734740, 734805, 734871, 734880, 734883, 734892, 734901, 734902, 734907, 734908, 734914, 734944, 734945, 734948, 734949, 735158, 735438, 736668, 736892, 736946, 736949, 736965, 736984, 736985, 736993, 736998, 737026, 737029, 737045, 737051, 737088, 737110, 737128, 737248, 737341, 737375, 737414, 737948, 738013, 738231, 738614, 739181, 739249, 739259, 739293, 739296, 739308, 739313, 739321, 739346, 739348, 739353, 739354, 739356, 739359, 739364, 739375, 739389, 739458, 739544, 739658, 740820, 740907, 741119, 741149, 741157, 741162, 741186, 741199, 741215, 741388, 741438, 741866, 741875, 741986, 741992, 742036, 742122, 742124, 742194, 742204, 742334, 742480, 742587, 742593, 742595, 742840, 742863, 742992, 742999, 743163, 743317, 743321, 743334, 743442, 743444, 743450, 743453, 743464, 743474, 743484, 743485, 743492, 743496, 743500, 743536, 743542, 743548, 743561, 743598, 743607, 743700, 743815, 743820, 743996, 744904, 744913, 745000, 745809, 745837, 745997, 746021, 746022, 746028, 746029, 746031, 746078, 746083, 746106, 746108, 746109, 746110, 746111, 746115, 746117, 746121, 746150, 746153, 746296, 746986, 747030, 747199, 747429, 747432, 747864, 747869, 748323, 748329, 748487, 748897, 748910, 748925, 748946, 748950, 748967, 748976, 748981, 748982, 749036, 749038, 749048, 749090, 749092, 749141, 749170, 750200, 751856, 751874, 751895, 751898, 752728, 753337, 753707, 754121, 755037, 755451, 756198, 756821, 757189, 757327, 757543, 757544, 757705, 757709, 757936, 757959, 757986, 757987, 758014, 758043, 758055, 758387, 758764, 759043, 759259, 759278, 759284, 759565, 759568, 759650, 759800, 759907, 759915, 759921, 759922, 759959, 759963, 759993, 760361, 760362, 760536, 761176, 761177, 761205, 761320, 761625, 761738, 762127, 762148, 762164, 762165, 762179, 762193, 762295, 762585, 762968, 763054, 763097, 763563, 763567, 763570, 763605, 763646, 763679, 763728, 763917, 764076, 764564, 764782, 764794, 765161, 765532, 765541, 765560, 765593, 765600, 765623, 765624, 765658, 765730, 765870
brenda
24 d: expression of GA2ox1, GA2ox3, GA2ox2 and GA2ox6 dominant, no GA2ox4 expression
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3-week-old rosette leaves. High level of expression for Serat1,1
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3-week-old rosette leaves. High level of expression of Serat2,1
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3-week-old rosette leaves. High level of expression of Serat2,2
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3-week-old rosette leaves. The expression of Serat3,1 is low
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3-week-old rosette leaves. The expression of Serat3,2 is low
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-
52 kDa isoform
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AAO3 mRNA expression in guard cells of dehydrated rosette leaves
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-
about equal acttivity in young and mature leaves. The amount of Prx Q is decreased in senescent leaves
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-
abundant expression in young leaf
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-
accumulation during long-term darkness
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-
activity in leaves is lower than in stem and root, AtNUDT10
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-
activity in roots is lower than in leaves and stem, AtNUDT6
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-
activity increases when plants are placed in the dark, expression is strongly associated with the progression of leaf senescence
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-
activity is increased in O3-exposed leaves
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alpha-xylosidase activity and AtXYL1 expression increase from older to younger leaves
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-
amount of transcript increases 2fold after transfer into low temperature (12°C) or high light (750 microE) in all species
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and flower, highest expression levels
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-
ApL1, ApL2 and ApL3 transcripts are localized in the mesophyll and vasular companion cells
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-
apparent ectopic GUS expression in the cotyledons and mature leaves outside of the vascular tissues in some cases, but this was restricted to the veins in the wounded area in a pattern reminiscent of 4CL3 expression, overview
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APS kinase mRNA
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APX6 is nearly 4fold higher in late senescing leaves of 6.5-week-old plants compared with young green leaves of 4-week-old plants
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-
at high light, maximal extractable L-GalLDH activity is twice that measured in low light leaves under the same conditions, similarly, intermediate light leaves have 60% higher L-GalLDH activities than low light leaves, however abundance of L-GalLDH mRNA is similar for all light treatments
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-
AtCCR1, not AtCCR2, northern blot analysis
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AtECH2 gene expression is strongest in tissues with high beta-oxidation activity, such as germinating seedlings and senescing leaves
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AtGT-2 is expressed in this tissue, higher in the flowers and leaves than in roots and stems
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-
AtIPT1
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-
AtNUDT2
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-
AtNUDT7
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AtPDAT1 is expressed generally at higher levels in vegetative tissues than in seeds
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-
AtPLC1S is concentrated in shoot and leaf
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AtPLC2 expression
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AtPLC3 expresses to higher transcript levels in leaves and stems as compared to flowers and roots
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AtRH3 is predominantly expressed in young leaves, peaking in 2-week-old seedlings and decreasing to very low levels in older leaf tissue
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-
AtRTL2
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-
bases
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both AtPLDalpha 1 and AtPLDdelta are found to be activated in response to salt stress
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both HPR1 and HPR2 (EC 1.1.1.81) are the major hydroxypyruvate-reducing enzymes in leaves
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cauline leaf
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cauline leaf, subunit R2 isoforms TSO2 and RNR2A
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-
CCR1 is expressed basipetally in the leaf, CCR1 expression is developmentally regulated in leaves,overview. Leaves on day 9 show CCR1 expression strongly at the tip, mildly in the middle, and no expression at the proximal regions
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CDEF1 is secreted to the extracellular space in leaves
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-
CDKB1,1 is expressed only during mitotic phase of the leaf development, mutant leaves overexpressing CDKB1,1 dominant negative mutant show half the number of epidermal cells at maturity and increased temperature compared to wild-type leaves
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cDNA library
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-
chlorophyll b is associated with LHC proteins
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-
chlorophyll fluorescence
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-
chloroplasts of mesophyll and guard cells in cotyledons
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cold stress causes decrease, desiccation and senesence cause strong increase in activity
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-
cut off rosette leaves infected with the fungus Alternaria brassicicola
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cytosolic DHAR1 and chloroplastic DHAR3 contribute approximately equally and constitute almost all the leaf DHAR activity, while DHAR2 makes a minor contribution
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-
cytosolic, mitochondrial and amyloplastidic isozymes
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determination of sucrose efflux from source leaves
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-
developing leaf
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DHFR-TS1 is alternatively spliced in mature leaves
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-
DHS1 and DHS2
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drastic drought imposed on rosette leaves results in a 19.5fold enhancement of Aao4 transcript
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drought-stressed Arabidopsis thaliana leaf RNA
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ecotype Cvi
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enzyme activity in the leaves following wounding increases over time, but this response lagges significantly behind (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl acetate release. A maximum specific activity is reached 12 h after the initial wounding event. CHAT enzyme activity declines by 35% over the course of the next 12 h
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-
enzyme is induced in leaves exposed to salt stress
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enzyme levels increase during growth and maturation at 15-26°C
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especially cauline
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-
ethylene treated plants
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expression at higher extent in the later growth stage within restricted parts of the organs, such as shoot meristem, leaf petiole and also in anther
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-
expression in developing leaves
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-
expression in leaves is only observed when cuts are produced, suggesting an induction by wounding
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expression in root, stem, leaf and flower
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expression is 1000fold higher than that of isoenzyme PLDalpha3
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expression is 1000fold lower than that of isoenzyme PLDalpha1
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-
expression is increased 2.5fold by growth on low sulfate medium
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-
expression is limited to cells of the adaxial and abaxial epidermal layers, isoenzyme LACS2
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expression level of AtXYL1 is higher in younger leaves than in mature ones
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-
expression levels of OPCL1
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expression levels of ProDH2 are generally low, but increase in senescent leaves and in the abscission zone of floral organs
brenda
expression of GFP driven by the Gln-1;2 promoter occurs in both developed and developing new leaves of plants in the vegetative growth stage. Bright GFP signals are detected in mesophyll cells within the margins of developed leaves. Fluorescence is also recorded in the cells of vascular bundles along the veins in developed leaves. In the developing new leaves, fluorescence is weak and signals are confined to the trichomes
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-
expression of isoform TGG2
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expression of isoforms GapA-1, GapB and phosphoribulokinase and peptide Cp12-2 is co-ordinately regulated with the same organ specificity, all four genes being mostly expressed in leaf and flower stalk, less expressed in flower, and little or not expressed in roots and siliques. Expression in leaf is terminated during prolonged darkness or following sucrose treatment, and their transcripts decay with similar kinetics
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-
expression of NADP-ME2 in all cell types, being particularly strong in the trichome basal cells and hydatodes
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-
expression of NADP-ME3 is restricted to the trichomes and trichome basal cells of leaves and stems
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expression patterns of enzyme RCCR and other chlorophyll catabolic enzymes during leaf development, overview
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-
expression slowly decreases in the dark and is stable in sucrose-treated leaves
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flag and foliar leaves, isozyme GS2 expression levels in response to nitrate and ammonium levels, overview
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four of the GFDP synthases are targeted to the plastoglobules of the chloroplast and one is targeted to the mitochondria
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from long-daygrown plants
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-
from plants with altered ACS levels
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-
FtsH is encoded by a family of 12 genes. Four of them, FtsH1, 2, 5, and 8 are found in chlorplast. Mutations in two of these, FTsH2 and 5, demonstrate a visible phenotype of variegated leaves. Transcription level in the FtsH2 mutant is higher than in the wild-type. FtsH protein level in the FtsH2 mutant is ca. 50% of that found in the wild-type
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-
fully expanded rosette leaves
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GAE1
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GAE2
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GGT3 is a major contributor to total GGT activity in roots, but a relatively minor contributor in other tissues
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glu1 mainly expressed in the leaves, at significantly higher level than glu2
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-
gly II
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green, isozyme AtCLH1 expression analysis
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green, isozyme AtCLH2 expression analysis
brenda
high expression
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high expression in mature leaves, lower expression in senescent leaves
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Q0WLU3
high expression level
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high expression level of SAV3
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high level
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high level of expression in chloroplast-containing parenchymatic cells of leaves
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higher expression in old than in young parts of plant
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higher expression level
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-
highest enzyme protein levels are detected in young leaves
brenda
highest expression
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highest expression level of CYP82C2 is found in roots, followed by flowers, with relatively low expression in stems and leaves
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-
highest expression of isoform MIPS1
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highest levels in leaves and roots
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highest levels of ZEP protein in leaf chloroplasts and root plastids
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highest mRNA levels in mature rosette leaves
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highly coordinated herbivore-induced expression with geranyllinalool synthase in leaves
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highly coordinated herbivore-induced expression with geranyllinalool synthase in leaves depending on the F-box protein COI-1
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hydathodes of rosette and cauline leaves
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-
in adult leaves the predominance of isoform ENGase85A accounts for 80% of the total activity
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-
in leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana plants overexpressing heat shock transcription factor A2, the transcription of GolS1, -2, and -4 and raffinose synthase 2 (RS2) is highly induced. In leaves of the wild-type plants, treatment with 50 mM methylviologen increases the transcript levels of GolS1, -2, -3, -4, and -8 and the total activities of GolS isoenzymes
brenda
in leaves, the IDH genes are highly expressed in the veins, and to a lesser extent in mesophyll cells. Cauline leaf, rosette, juvenile leaf, adult leaf
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in leaves, the IDH genes are highly expressed in the veins, and to a lesser extent in mesophyll cells. Cauline leaf, rosette, juvenile leaf, adult leaf, senescent leaf
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-
induction of expression under continuous light. Diurnal expression pattern in parallel with the total Pmi1 activity and the total ascorbic acid content in leaf
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-
is induced in wounded vascular tissues
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isoenzyme GLN1,1
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isoenzyme GLN1,2
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isoenzyme GLN1,3
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isoenzyme mgd1 is the most important MGDG synthase in green tissues
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isoform AACT! is highly expressed in root tips, young leaf, top stem and anther
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-
isoform Clo-3
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-
isoform FC1 shows highest expression in adult leaves, while isoform FC2 exhibits highest expression in juvenile leaves
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-
isoform NADK2
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isoform PDC2 is predominantly present in leaves
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-
isoform SLD1
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isozyme expresssion patterns during development differ from each other
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-
isozyme Ipk2alpha
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isozyme MGD1
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isozyme MGD2
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isozyme MGD3
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-
isozyme OPR3, up-regulation in wounded leaves, low activity in unwounded, systemic leaves
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isozyme RS5
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isozyme TR-BAMY
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-
isozymne TGG1
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-
KCR1 and KCR2
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-
KCR1 and KCR2 transcripts
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leaf crude extracts contain about 20% higher NAD-ME specific activities at the end of the night period than at the end of the day period, isozyme NAD-ME1 is more abundant during the night period
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leaf crude extracts contain about 20% higher NAD-ME specific activities at the end of the night period than at the end of the day period, isozyme NAD-ME2 is more abundant during the night period
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leaf vein, specific expression of isoform AtFRO8
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-
leaf-type, or chloroplast, or photosynthetic LFNR
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-
light-grown more than dark-grown
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low abundance of mRNA and protein in green leaves, levels increase in response to dark-induced senescence
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-
low activity in etiolated leaves, higher activity in green mature leaves
brenda
low activity in mature leaves
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-
low content of ATHCOR1, expression of AtChl2
brenda
low expression
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low expression in leaves
brenda
low expression in plants up to 4 weeks old and slightly elevated in the oldest plants harvested in weeks 5 and 6
brenda
low expression level
brenda
-
low expression level of both isozymes
brenda
low in mature leaves
brenda
-
lower expression rate
brenda
lower levels of AtBSMT1 transcript
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mature
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-
mature green
brenda
mature leaf
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mature leaf of the primary rosette, high expression
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-
mature leaves
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-
MEKK1 binds to the promoter of the WRKY53 gene regulating the switch from a leaf age dependent to a plant age dependent expression
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-
mesophyll
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moderate expression
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most expression of AtPAO3
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mostly expressed in the leaves
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mRNA level is 11fold higher in leaf than in root
brenda
mRNA level is 5fold higher in leaf than in root
brenda
Q0WWH7
mRNA levels and enzyme activity increase during leaf senescence in leaves senescing during both the vegetative or the reproductive phase of the plant life cycle, but this increase is more pronounced in reproductive plants
brenda
-
myrosin cells of phloem parenchyma
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-
NADP-ME4
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Northern blot, RT-PCR, gene-specific primers for the isoform
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Northern blot, RT-PCR, gene-specific primers for the seven isoforms
brenda
-
NRT1.4 and NRT1.7, the latter is expressed in the phloem of minor veins in older leaves
brenda
-
NRT1.7 is expressed in the phloem of the leaf minor vein. NRT1.7 is predominantly expressed in old leaves
brenda
of later vegetative stage
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-
of mature (6-week-old) plants, not in young rosettes. GOX3 transcript accumulates continuously during dark-induced senescence, reaching a maximum 10 d after transfer to darkness
brenda
-
of transgenic Arabidopsis and tobacco plants
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-
of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana
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old
brenda
only in leaf veins
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PAO mRNA and PAO proteins are present at low levels in presenescent leaves, but are highly enriched during senescence. PAO is upregulated rapidly upon wounding
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PAO3 promoter activity is detected in cotyledon, distal portion of root, boundary region of mature rosette leaf and in filaments of flower
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PDC2 appears to be leaf-specific
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-
plants of early flowering stage
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predominant expression
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-
predominant expression of isoform Atbcat-1
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predominant expression of isoform IPT1
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predominant expression of isoform IPT7
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preferential expression
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preferential expression of MEKK1 in the vasculature
brenda
-
presence of splicing isoform Pir1.2
brenda
-
primary
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-
proteolytic function of the 26S holoenzyme is involved in leaf polarity formation
brenda
-
restricted primarily to leaf vasculature
brenda
ROC1 and ROC4
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rosette
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rosette and cauline leaves
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rosette and cauline leaves, weak expression
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rosette leaf
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-
rosette leaf more abundant than in cauline leaf
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-
rosette leaf, caulette leaf, wilted leaf
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rosette leaves
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-
rosette leaves and cauline leaves
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-
rosette leaves and fully expanded leaves
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rosette leaves, cauline leaves
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rosette leaves, of 35-day-old plants
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rosette or cauline leaf, expression of NMT2 isoform 1
brenda
B3DN87, O80685, Q0WQK2, Q3EBC2, Q3EC11, Q500Z2, Q52T38, Q5M757, Q6DR03, Q7XA86, Q8L5Y5, Q8VYP5, Q8VYS8, Q93VV0, Q94C49, Q9C533, Q9FLM3, Q9LIE4, Q9LIH7, Q9M115, Q9M1K5, Q9M306, Q9SB58
rosette, young, developed and bolted
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-
SAT-c, SAT-m, SAT-p
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SAT1 gene
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SAT1-6 gene, major part
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-
senescent
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senescing leaf, low expression level
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-
SFGH activity is increased during Botrytis infection
brenda
-
sink leaves
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-
SO shows constitutive expression without any pronounced diurnal rhythm. No difference at the protein level in younger or older rosette or stem leaves
brenda
-
specifically expressed in leaves
brenda
-
stems and flowers contain two- to threefold more thermospermine compared to whole seedlings and mature leaves
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-
stomata
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-
strong and transient increase of AtCCR2 mRNA after inoculation with Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, northern blot analysis
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strong expression
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strong expression in vascular tissue (abaxial side of primary vascular bundle, phloem) just before onset of senescence (promoter activity), senescent leaves (microarray)
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strongly expressed in cotyledons, rosette leaves, stems, and siliques
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TGG1 is cell type-specific expressed in specialized myrosin cells
brenda
-
the enzyme is present in large excess over the other proteins of the glycine cleavage system in leaves
brenda
-
the most abundant FtsH isoenzyme is FtsH2, followed by FtsH5 and 8, with FtsH being accumulated to only 10% of FtsH2 level
brenda
tissue with highest activity. Expression is terminated during prolonged darkness or following sucrose treatments
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-
translocon constituent toc33 is indispensable for the import of isoform PorB
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-
trichome in young leaf
brenda
ubiquitously expressed in Arabidopsis tissues and organs
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UGT85A1 is specifically expressed in senescent leaves
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-
used for western blot analysis
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-
vascular tissue
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vascular tissue of leaf
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vascular tissue, AtPAL1 and AtPAL2
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vasculature and mesophyll of rosette leaves
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vegetative rosette
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very low expression level
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very low expression of 5PTase12
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very low expression of 5PTase13
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very low expression of 5PTase14
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very low expression of PME31
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very low level
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VTC2 expression and GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase activity rapidly increase on transfer to high light, but the activity of other enzymes in the GDP-mannose pathway is little affected. Leaves accumulate more ascorbate after acclimatization to high light intensity
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weak expression, vasculature
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wounded leaf and jasmonic acid-treated leaf
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wounded or senescing, alpha-VPE and beta-VPE
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young
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young and mature
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young and mature, determination of sucrose efflux from source leaves
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young and mature, isozyme AtSPSA1 is one of the major isoforms expressed in leaves. Determination of sucrose efflux from source leaves. AtSPSC constitutive expression is about 75% lower than that of AtSPSA1
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young and mature, isozyme AtSPSC is one of the major isoforms expressed in leaves. Determination of sucrose efflux from source leaves. AtSPSC expression is about 75% lower than that of AtSPSA1
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young leaf
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young leaves (AtUSP mRNA-specific qRT-PCR), strong expression in vascular tissue (promoter: beta-glucuronidase assay)
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young rosette leaves, enzyme induction by mechanical wounding
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young, expression of LCB1
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young, expression of LCB2
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young, mature, senescent leaves, lesaf blade and midrib, show higher expression levels of isoform 2-OGDH1 than isoform 2-OGDH2. Isoform E1-OGDH2 is slightly more expressed in cauline leaf and flowers
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young, vasculature and mesophyll of rosette leaves
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-
-
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expression of PAT15 is especially high in the leaf veins of 1- and 2-week-old seedlings
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-
the cytosolic isoform accumulates preferentially in the veins
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-
657018, 667379, 682390, 697958, 700222, 716563, 723423, 734880, 736987, 742590, 743496, 746021
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-
expression of isoforms Cad-2, Cad-3
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-
high expression level of both isozymes
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highly expressed in meristems and provascular tissues
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shoot
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-
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-
cotyledons, uniform distribution of the fusion enzyme signal within the chloroplast (group I mutants - defects in specific steps of the chlorophyllide a enzyme regulation), punctate fusion enzyme signal (group II mutants - defect in chloroplast proteases), fusion enzyme signal dispersed within chloroplasts and at the same time high-intensity signals localized in confined areas within chloroplasts (group III mutants)
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in leaf
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isozyme Ipk2beta
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-
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-
high expression during anther development
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-
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high expression level of genes SPS1F and SPS2F in maturing nectaries
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-
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histochemical analysis shows that NRT1.8 is expressed predominantly in xylem parenchyma cells within the vasculature
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weak expression in cortical and pith cells, ATCSLD5 promoter driven beta-glucuronidase (GUS) expression
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-
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-
NADP-ME4
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F4K172, F4K7D6, P37702, P49040, Q00917, Q42524, Q9C5C2, Q9FG67, Q9FN52, Q9FYG4, Q9LE06, Q9LR03, Q9LU36, Q9M332, Q9M9S1, Q9S725, Q9S777, Q9SS04, Q9SVX6
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676421, 676431, 676443, 697908, 720682, 741186, 742992, 746109, 748971, 748977, 755451, 757335, 762617, 763570
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-
AtIPT3, upregulated within 1 h after an application of nitrate zo mineral-strved Arabidopsis plants
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companion cells
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-
enzyme activity is restricted to guard cells and phloem idioblasts
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expression of isoform IPT3
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expression of methylthioribose kinase and other enzymes of the yang cycle is phloem-specific
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isozyme SUS1
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isozyme SUS4
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-
NRT1.7 is expressed in the phloem of the leaf minor vein
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NRT1.9 is expressed in the companion cells of the phloem, NRT1.7 is expressed in the phloem of minor veins in older leaves
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parenchyma, myrosin cells
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weak expression, ATCSLD5 promoter driven beta-glucuronidase (GUS) expression, possibly false positive due to loading of GUS reaction products via symplastic connections
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-
-
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etiolated
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expressed in all major organs, revealed by Reverse Transcription-PCR
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-
from liquid shaker cultures
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isoform SK2 is predominantly expressed early in embryogenesis and vegetative tissues throughout development, isoform SK1 is expressed near or below background levels in vegetative tissues and is only expressed at higher levels in mature embryos and senescing leaves
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MIOX1 and MIOX2 are expressed in almost all tissues of the plant
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-
-
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AtFAR6 promoter active in stem layer, histochemical staining of AtFAR6 promoter-GUS reporter gene activity
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-
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at 3 d and 10 d after flowering, SUS protein localized to the silique wall, seed coat, funiculus, and endosperm. By 13 d after flowering, SUS protein is detected in the embryo and aleurone layer, but is absent from the seed coat and funiculus
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-
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-
AtIPT1
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high expression level
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highest enzyme level in unfertilized ovules
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predominant expression of isoform IPT1
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-
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isozyme AtICS2 appears to be expressed constitutively, predominantly in the plant vasculature. AtICS2 expression in leaf tissue appears to be localized most strongly in the vasculature and hydathodes
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B3DN87, F4K172, O49562, O80437, O80568, O80612, O80685, O81796, O81893, P42339, P47998, P47999, P93032, Q0WQK2, Q1PDI2, Q3EBC2, Q3EC11, Q43725, Q500Z2, Q52T38, Q5M757, Q5XF03, Q6DR03, Q6NQA8, Q7XA86, Q84WG0, Q8GWB7, Q8GWG0, Q8H1D8, Q8L5Y5, Q8LFC0, Q8LG77, Q8VYP5, Q8VYS8, Q93VV0, Q93Z20, Q93ZC9, Q945K7, Q94C49, Q94CE5, Q94IB9, Q9ASU1, Q9C533, Q9C5W0, Q9C9P4, Q9CAY3, Q9FLM3, Q9FLT2, Q9FYG4, Q9FZ22, Q9LHS7, Q9LIE4, Q9LIH7, Q9LMM0, Q9LMT2, Q9LR03, Q9LY23, Q9LY82, Q9LYT1, Q9M115, Q9M1K5, Q9M306, Q9M332, Q9M9S1, Q9MAC9, Q9SB58, Q9SBA5, Q9SCL7, Q9SHJ5, Q9SJM7, Q9SKX5, Q9SLD2, Q9SND6, Q9SPM5, Q9SQG2, Q9SU79, Q9SUG3, Q9SVX6, Q9SYJ2, Q9XF43, Q9XI62
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1269, 660182, 670547, 673698, 694671, 700741, 703859, 704685, 710272, 710306, 716605, 719252, 719540, 720670, 720754, 720795, 723425, 723919, 729621, 734919, 739316, 739321, 739348, 739370, 743425, 743546, 746121, 750200, 755996, 757543, 757544, 759930, 761176, 761655, 762024, 762149, 763570
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At4g35650 is not expressed in vegetative organs but is mainly expressed in the pollen
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AtAPY6 exhibits a defined expression pattern during Arabidopsis thaliana development, namely mature pollen, high expression in mature pollen
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AtUSP mRNA-specific qRT-PCR, strong expression in vascular tissue (promoter: beta-glucuronidase assay), essential for pollen development since loss-of-function mutation in enzyme causes male infertility
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BTPC shows limited expression during pollen development
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enzyme plays a crucial role in embry, pollen and root development
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expression of NADP-ME3 exclusively in pollen from the latest maturation stage up to its germination on the stigma
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for ARGAH1, but not ARGAH2
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germinating
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high DGAT1 expression
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high expression
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high expression level
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high expression level of isozyme CEK4 in male reproductive organs
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highly expressed in pollen
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in mature pollen grains during pollination and pollen tube growth
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in mature pollen grains within non-dehiscent anthers
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isoform ACA9
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isozyme Ipk2beta
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isozyme NADP-ME3
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isozyme TR-BAMY
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LPAT2 predominantly
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mature pollen grain
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MIOX4 is highly expressed in pollen
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MIOX5 is highly expressed in pollen
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NADP-ME4
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only detected after pollen maturation
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only isozyme PPRD2
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pollen specific PME detected exclusively in mature pollen and not in any other tissue examined, high activity in pollen tube
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pollen-specific enzyme
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predominant expression of isoform IPT7
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several PLLs are expressed highly in pollen, suggesting a role for these in pollen development and/or function
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signal relay in which pollen receptor kinase AtPRK2a at the plasma membrane recruits AtRopGEF12 through its C terminus to maintain polar Rop activity in the pollen tube
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small subunit ssSPTa transcripts are more enriched in all organs and over 400fold more abundant in pollen than small subunit ssSPTb transcripts
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strong expression in pollen grains increasing from young buds to later stages of maturation
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strong expression in the early stages of seedling growth and pollen germination
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the enzyme is essential for development of viable pollen
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O23447, O80722, Q5MFV6, Q5MFV8, Q84WM7, Q8GXA1, Q8L7Q7, Q9LSP1, Q9LY18, Q9LY19, Q9SMY6
tube, the enzyme belongs to the group I of pectinesterases in Arabidopsis thaliana pollen
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O23447, O80722, Q5MFV6, Q5MFV8, Q84WM7, Q8GXA1, Q8L7Q7, Q9LSP1, Q9LY18, Q9LY19, Q9SMY6
tube, the enzyme belongs to the group II of pectinesterases in Arabidopsis thaliana pollen
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tubes
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very low expression in pollen
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-
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pollen tubes that are germinating on the stigma
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-
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maximum levels of NDPK1 expression are found in procambium cells while expression of genes for other isoforms are either absent
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-
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AtFAR6 promoter active in the replum and receptacle of siliques
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A4GNA8, B0T7D7, B9TSP7, F4HYF3, F4IRA7, F4IV16, F4IWV2, F4JLK2, F4K172, F4K5W8, F4K7D6, F4KAK5, O04130, O22141, O22287, O22765, O23051, O23087, O23141, O23240, O48840, O49006, O49213, O49299, O49434, O49485, O49499, O64749, O64989, O65403, O65435, O65652, O80437, O80458, O80568, O80840, O81000, O81020, O81024, O81312, O81893, O82200, O82312, P0C7R2, P0CW78, P0DH99, P13114, P25858, P32961, P34795, P37271, P37702, P42043, P42339, P42770, P42801, P46310, P46313, P47924, P48622, P48623, P49040, P50318, P52839, P54150, P57751, P92939, P92974, P93028, P93031, P93046, P93831, Q00917, Q02971, Q06327, Q08891, Q0WL56, Q0WM36, Q1ACB3, Q1PEI6, Q38862, Q38908, Q38946, Q39026, Q39032, Q39033, Q39103, Q39152, Q39189, Q3EBF7, Q3ECS3, Q3EDG5, Q42524, Q42538, Q42588, Q42605, Q43127, Q43314, Q52T38, Q56W08, Q56WN1, Q5E924, Q5XF03, Q680I5, Q6L5P3, Q6NKR2, Q6NLQ7, Q6NMA7, Q6NPM8, Q6TPH1, Q7XJ91, Q7XJ92, Q7XJR2, Q84MA2, Q84V22, Q8GRX1, Q8GTY0, Q8GV43, Q8GW27, Q8GWG0, Q8GXU8, Q8GYB8, Q8H191, Q8H1Q7, Q8H1S0, Q8H965, Q8L4Y2, Q8L799, Q8L7K9, Q8L7Y9, Q8L850, Q8LAH7, Q8LAS8, Q8LAX0, Q8LB02, Q8LBZ7, Q8LCE1, Q8LDN8, Q8LG50, Q8RY24, Q8S4Y1, Q8S8N6, Q8VXV7, Q8VY08, Q8VY26, Q8VYG2, Q8VYH2, Q8VYI3, Q8VYK1, Q8VYW6, Q8VZB2, Q8VZE9, Q8W4H7, Q93Y23, Q93Z96, Q93ZB9, Q93ZC9, Q944C1, Q944C2, Q949X7, Q949Y3, Q94A82, Q94A94, Q94A97, Q94AH8, Q94AP0, Q94B70, Q94BT0, Q94CE5, Q94F00, Q94IB9, Q94K43, Q94KE3, Q96255, Q96330, Q96533, Q9ASU1, Q9C509, Q9C550, Q9C5C2, Q9C5I1, Q9C5W0, Q9C5Y2, Q9C7W7, Q9C9C9, Q9CAH5, Q9CAR5, Q9CAY3, Q9FFN7, Q9FFP6, Q9FG67, Q9FI17, Q9FIK7, Q9FJI2, Q9FJU4, Q9FKS0, Q9FLH2, Q9FLT2, Q9FM01, Q9FM97, Q9FMV7, Q9FN52, Q9FNA9, Q9FNN1, Q9FUP0, Q9FUR2, Q9FWR4, Q9FX32, Q9FY54, Q9FYG4, Q9FZ22, Q9FZ80, Q9LD57, Q9LE86, Q9LF33, Q9LF79, Q9LG26, Q9LHN4, Q9LHN8, Q9LHS7, Q9LIA8, Q9LIS3, Q9LK94, Q9LMM0, Q9LMT2, Q9LMU0, Q9LPC1, Q9LQ04, Q9LQF2, Q9LR03, Q9LR75, Q9LSV0, Q9LSZ9, Q9LT69, Q9LTR9, Q9LTX3, Q9LU36, Q9LUW0, Q9LX12, Q9LXL5, Q9LY23, Q9LY51, Q9LY82, Q9LYT1, Q9M0B6, Q9M0G0, Q9M111, Q9M1R1, Q9M2S0, Q9M332, Q9M5K2, Q9M884, Q9M8S8, Q9M9P3, Q9M9S1, Q9MAB5, Q9S725, Q9S777, Q9S7A0, Q9S7E9, Q9S7N2, Q9S7X6, Q9S7Y7, Q9S816, Q9SA77, Q9SAJ6, Q9SBA5, Q9SCL7, Q9SCY0, Q9SFU3, Q9SG92, Q9SGC1, Q9SHJ5, Q9SHP0, Q9SI62, Q9SI64, Q9SIU0, Q9SJL9, Q9SJM7, Q9SJQ0, Q9SKX5, Q9SL43, Q9SLD2, Q9SM02, Q9SMP5, Q9SN58, Q9SND6, Q9SNY3, Q9SPM5, Q9SQG2, Q9SRQ6, Q9SRQ7, Q9SRZ6, Q9STI6, Q9STZ3, Q9SU56, Q9SU79, Q9SUG3, Q9SUN3, Q9SVX6, Q9SXP7, Q9SY55, Q9SYC8, Q9SYH3, Q9SYJ2, Q9SZ46, Q9T0A7, Q9T0I8, Q9T0P4, Q9XES1, Q9XIG1, Q9ZNZ7, Q9ZQP1, Q9ZRA2, Q9ZRP7, Q9ZUX1, Q9ZV40
-
1111, 1269, 81104, 135416, 348390, 485607, 486233, 487773, 488378, 636536, 640159, 641509, 649455, 653439, 653480, 653534, 655581, 656170, 656971, 657055, 657064, 657074, 657084, 657111, 660091, 660241, 660258, 661237, 662119, 662324, 662387, 663090, 663117, 663134, 663162, 664195, 666575, 666906, 669515, 670012, 670369, 670533, 670540, 670559, 670619, 670622, 670629, 672670, 673698, 676410, 676428, 676432, 676435, 676459, 676493, 676507, 676516, 676548, 676556, 676560, 676602, 676707, 676724, 677889, 680715, 681242, 682347, 682390, 682408, 682411, 682423, 682429, 682433, 682466, 682473, 686951, 687556, 689460, 689461, 689529, 689533, 689535, 689558, 689570, 689579, 689608, 689611, 689640, 689675, 689767, 693417, 693498, 694579, 694587, 694633, 694651, 694665, 694677, 694684, 694712, 694746, 696125, 696261, 697908, 698838, 698932, 699269, 699807, 700222, 700485, 700488, 700741, 700805, 700806, 700813, 700835, 700858, 701501, 702463, 702914, 703814, 703818, 703847, 704516, 704874, 705363, 705377, 706160, 706161, 706179, 706183, 706206, 706307, 706314, 709011, 710272, 710281, 710284, 710319, 711597, 712417, 713233, 713334, 714783, 715764, 716043, 716177, 716285, 716358, 716360, 716482, 716491, 716493, 716535, 716547, 716561, 716609, 716636, 718232, 719255, 719457, 720091, 720135, 720508, 720562, 720672, 720687, 720688, 720698, 720703, 720738, 720741, 720747, 720922, 721543, 721779, 722669, 723258, 723381, 723919, 725686, 726128, 726153, 726161, 726198, 726232, 726233, 726241, 727579, 727640, 728534, 729125, 730568, 730585, 730618, 730652, 730853, 732625, 732654, 733588, 734552, 734558, 734738, 734739, 734805, 734880, 734892, 734901, 734907, 734917, 734918, 734919, 734921, 734963, 734985, 734987, 736154, 736569, 736987, 737026, 737051, 737332, 739274, 739287, 739293, 739313, 739319, 739321, 739346, 739365, 739376, 739399, 740904, 741186, 742479, 742590, 742595, 742602, 743425, 743445, 743450, 743470, 743494, 743496, 743523, 743542, 743546, 743598, 743607, 745466, 745898, 745908, 746021, 746025, 746028, 746029, 746045, 746078, 746082, 746109, 746115, 746150, 746153, 746165, 747429, 747709, 747874, 747880, 747881, 748335, 748476, 748488, 748897, 748922, 748929, 748931, 748986, 749092, 749141, 749968, 750200, 751094, 751100, 751847, 751850, 751856, 751858, 751889, 751894, 753337, 755039, 756827, 757327, 757543, 757544, 757702, 757913, 757974, 757975, 757978, 757986, 758020, 758048, 758055, 758060, 758132, 758387, 758764, 759278, 759572, 759800, 759809, 759969, 759973, 760156, 761176, 761205, 761655, 761738, 761826, 762148, 762151, 762164, 762193, 762617, 763054, 763328, 763570, 765385, 765479, 765565, 765614, 765621, 765623
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7 d: expression of GA2ox1, GA2ox2, GA2ox3, GA2ox4, GA2ox6 dominant
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a decrease of local, external phosphate availability is sufficient to induce isoform PAP10 transcription in roots in the presence of sucrose, a systemic signal from shoots, whereas the magnitude of the induction is affected by the phosphate status of the whole plant. Once the PAP10 mRNAs are synthesized in roots, subsequent accumulation of PAP10 proteins in root cells and increase in PAP10 activity on the root surface are mainly controlled by local signalling. Under phosphate deficiency ethylene mainly modulates enzymatic activity of PAP10 on the root surface, but not PAP10 transcription and protein accumulation
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activity in leaves is lower than in stem and root, AtNUDT10
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-
activity in roots is lower than in leaves and stem, AtNUDT6
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-
ADPG2 and high levels of QRT2
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AHK5 is most highly expressed in roots
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APS kinase mRNA
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at the zone of lateral root emergence
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AtGlcAK is highly expressed in roots
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AtGT-2 is expressed in this tissue, higher in the flowers and leaves than in roots and stems
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-
AtHMA4 is expressed in tissues surrounding the root vascular vessels
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AtNUDT2
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-
AtNUDT7
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AtPAO4 is the major isoform in root peroxisomes
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-
AtPAP10 is predominantly associated with the root surface after secretion rather than being released into the rhizosphere
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AtPHT1;1, AtPHT1;2, and AtPHT1;4 in the root epidermis and root hairs, alsoin the tip
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AtRTL1 and AtRTL2
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-
BGLU46
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both primary and lateral roots
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-
by far strongest activity in roots of phosphate-starved plants
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cDNA library
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CEK1 is highly expressed in the root tips of germinating seedlings at days 1-4
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CHL1, i.e. NRT1.1, is expressed in root epidermis, cortex, and endodermis. NRT1.8, a low-affinity nitrate transporter located in the plasma membrane, is expressed dominantly in the xylem parenchyma cells of roots
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cloning and identification of a root-specific promoter from a mutant line of Arabidopsis thaliana exhibiting root-specific expression
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cortical and epidermal cells
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cortical cell
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CYP86A2 transcripts are 2- to 10fold less abundant in seedling roots, mature roots, and flower
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detected at high levels in roots but hardly detected in flowers, leaves, stems and in suspension-cultured cells
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-
DH3 is only active in roots
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-
DHAR5 mRNA levels are upregulated in Arabidopsis roots and shoots colonized by the beneficial endophyticfungus Piriformospora indica
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differential expression of mitochondrial and cytosolic gly II
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dominance of the SHM2 over SHM1 transcripts in roots
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drought hypersensitive/squalene epoxidase 1-5 mutant has altered sterol composition in roots but wild-type sterol composition in shoots (GC-MS analysis)
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DWF4 transcripts accumulate in the actively growing tissues, such as root, shoot apices with floral clusters, joint tissues of root and shoot, and dark-grown seedlings
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ecotype Cvi
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-
endodermis of root elongation zone
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enzyme expression in the root is sufficient for wild-type shoot branching levels. Strong expression in root tips
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-
enzyme is barely detectable
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-
enzyme plays a crucial role in embry, pollen and root development
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epidermal and cortical cells
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-
ethylene treated plants
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expressed at higher level all over young seedlings including roots
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-
expressed in most tissue
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expressed in root hair zone
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expressed most strongly in the root epidermal layer under iron-deficient conditions
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expression in root cap cells
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expression in root, stem, leaf and flower
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expression is 1000fold higher than that of isoenzyme PLDalpha3
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expression is 1000fold lower than that of isoenzyme PLDalpha1
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expression is specifically localized in phloem cell layers in roots
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-
expression is very low
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expression of AtG3P3
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expression of AtG3P4
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expression of AtG3Pp1
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expression of AtG3Pp2
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expression of GAE4 is confined to root tips
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expression of isoforms AtFRO2, AtFRO3, AtFRO5. Expression of AtFRO3 is elevated in iron-deficient plants. When copper is limited, expression of AtFRO3 is induced, predominantly in the vascular cylinder of roots
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expression of LCB1
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expression of LCB2
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expression of NADP-ME2 throughout all the tissues, except for root tips
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expression of nitrilase after infection with Plasmodium brassicae during symptom development of clubroot disease
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five predominantly root-expressed Arabidopsis thaliana XTHs belong to subgroup I/II, AtXTH12 is trichoblast-enriched
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five predominantly root-expressed Arabidopsis thaliana XTHs belong to subgroup I/II, AtXTH13 is trichoblast-enriched
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five predominantly root-expressed Arabidopsis thaliana XTHs belong to subgroup I/II, AtXTH17 is expressed in all cell types in the elongating and differentiating regions of the root
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five predominantly root-expressed Arabidopsis thaliana XTHs belong to subgroup I/II, AtXTH18 is expressed in all cell types in the elongating and differentiating regions of the root
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five predominantly root-expressed Arabidopsis thaliana XTHs belong to subgroup I/II, AtXTH19 is expressed in nearly all cell types in the root
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-
FRK1
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-
functional carbonic anhydrase genes are more strongly expressed in green tissue, but strong expression is also found in roots for alphaCA2
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-
functional carbonic anhydrase genes are more strongly expressed in green tissue, but strong expression is also found in roots for betaCA3 and betaCA6
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GAE1 is expressed throughout the root
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GAE2 is expressed throughout the root
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GAE3 is expressed in root hair zone
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-
genes encoding the enzyme are strongly expressed in syncytia induced by the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii in Arabidopsis roots
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GGT1 accounts for greater than 80% of the activity in stems and roots
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GGT3 is a major contributor to total GGT activity in roots, but a relatively minor contributor in other tissues
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-
growth kinetics of wild-type and sac9 mutant primary roots, phenotype and tissue organization, overview
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-
Heterodera schachtii parasitism strongly downregulates RDH1 expression in the root 3 days after inoculation
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high expression
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high expression level
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-
high expression level of IMD1 and IMD2
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-
high expression level, expression in the protodermal cells behind the root tip, and in epidermis and cortex at the elongation zone
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high expression level, revealed by Reverse Transcription-PCR, shorter root hair and less root tissue xyloglucan detectable upon lack of XXT5
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-
high XET activity in the epidermis cell wall of the elongation zone and in trichoblasts in the differentation zone
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higher expression levels of isoform 2-OGDH1 than isoform 2-OGDH2
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-
highest ADH 3 levels
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highest expression
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highest expression in roots
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highest expression level
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-
highest expression level of both isozymes
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highest expression level of CYP82C2 is found in roots, followed by flowers, with relatively low expression in stems and leaves
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highest expression level of isozyme PMSRA3
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-
highest expression of isoform MIPS3
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highest levels in leaves and roots
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highest levels of ZEP protein in leaf chloroplasts and root plastids
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highest transcription rate
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highly expressed
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highly expressed in root
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-
highly stained in AtCOX19-1::GUS plants. Activity in roots is already evident at very early stages of development (1-2 days after imbibition), but not in embryos at late stages of embryogenesis and is higher in the root meristem, the vascular cylinder and nascent secondary roots
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in all tisuues in the elongation zone of young root
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-
in pericycle cells close to the xylem
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-
in vitro tissue culture, high enzyme level, several fold higher than in leaves
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isoenzyme GLN1,1 accumulates in the surface layers of root during nitrogen limitation
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isoform AACT! is highly expressed in root tips, young leaf, top stem and anther
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isoform Aha2 is the major H+ATPase in root. Expression in the actively growing root tip as well as developing roots hairs
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-
isoform Clo-3
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isoform CYP86A1 transcripts are 20fold more abundant in mature roots than in seedling roots
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isoform GGT3 is a major contributor to total enzymic activity in roots, but a relatively minor contributor in other tissues
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-
isoform NADK1
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isoform PDC1 is predominantly present in roots
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-
isoform SLD1
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-
isoform XTH21 plays a principal role in the growth of primary roots by altering the deposition of cellulose and the elongation of the cell wall
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isoforms AtFRO2, AtFRO3
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-
isoforms Cad-4, Cad-5, expression in root caps. Isoforms Cad-2, Cad-3, expression in non-lignifying root tips
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isozye SUS5
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-
isozyme AtCKX4
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-
isozyme GSTU19
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isozyme MGD2
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isozyme MGD3
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-
isozyme NADP-ME1
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-
isozyme pNRT2.1
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isozyme TR-BAMY
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-
isozymes Ipk2alpha and Ipk2beta
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-
isozymes XTH14 and XTH26 are predominantly root-specific
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-
isozymnes TGG4 and TGG5
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-
KCR1
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lateral root and elongation zone
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-
lateral, in the epidermis of lateral roots and in or close to the shoot phloem, spatiotemporal expression pattern of NRT2.4 in roots, overview
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-
light-grown more than dark-grown
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-
localization of isozyme pLDzeta2 in epidermal cells in the distal root elongation zone and lateral root cap cells adjacent to them
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low ACT1 expression
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-
low activity
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low expression
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low expression level
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low expression of 5PTase12
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low expression of 5PTase14
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low expression of AtPAO3
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-
low level
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lower expression level
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Q84VV0
lowest expression level
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mainly in the cortex of mature roots
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-
markedly increased expression of PYRB in root tissues during the first 5 days after germination
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moderate expression
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MRN1 gene is specifically expressed in shoot and root apical meristems and induced by osmotic stress and abscisic acid
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mRNA level is 11fold higher in leaf than in root
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mRNA level is 5fold higher in leaf than in root
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-
NRT1.9 is mainly expressed in roots, in phloem
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-
NRT2.4 expression in lateral root epidermal cells. NRT2.1 expression in the older part of the primary root regardless of nitrogen status
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only detected in
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-
only KCR1
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-
only KCR1 transcript
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PAO3 promoter activity is detected in cotyledon, distal portion of root, boundary region of mature rosette leaf and in filaments of flower
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PDC1 is predominantly present in roots
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-
Pht1;9 is highly expressed in phosphate-starved roots
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-
predominant expression in xylem precursor cell files in the root tip, AtIPT1
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predominant expression of isoform IPT1
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predominant expression of isoform IPT5
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predominant expression of isoform IPT7
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predominantly
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-
presence of isoform Pyk10 restricts root colonization by Piriformospora indica, resulting in repression of defence responses and the upregulation of responses leading to a mutualistic interaction between the two symbiotic partners
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-
primary root tip
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-
primordia and young lateral roots
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-
primordia, columella root caps
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promoter activity is primarily found in the epidermis, cortex, and stele of mature primary and lateral roots, but not in the root meristem or the elongation zone
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-
quantitative profiling of molecular species of polar glycerolipids. In response to phosphorus starvation, concentration of phospholipids is decreased and that of galactolipids is increased
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ROC1, no ROC4 mRNA detected
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-
root cortex
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root endodermal cell
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-
root epidermal cell
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-
root hair bulge
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root of growing seedling, accumulation of enzyme in the root cap and the rhizodermis
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-
root plasma membrane SO42- transporter SULTR1,2 physically interacts with the enzyme
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root tip
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root tip of germinating seedlings, and in the founder cells where lateral root growth is initiated
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-
root-specific (Z)-gamma-bisabolene synthase, in cortex and sub-epidermal layers
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-
root-specific expression of AtST3a in roots of 15-day-old plants
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RT-PCR, gene-specific primers for the isoform
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SAT1 gene
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SAT1-6 gene, minor part
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SATase isoform gene Serat1,1 is highly expressed both in root and in dark-grown plant
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seedling
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shorter in absence of ATCSLD5 (ATCSLD5-1 mutant line) compared to wild-type plants, severe reduction in root length in presence of cellulose synthase inhibitor isoxaben abolished by complementation with wild-type ATCSLD5
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-
specifically expressed in root endodermal and peridermal cells
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-
stele, mainly at emerging lateral roots and at root tips, NADP-ME4
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strong expression
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strong expression in growing region (promoter: beta-glucuronidase assay), young roots (AtUSP mRNA-specific qRT-PCR)
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strong expression in vascular tissue just before onset of senescence (promoter activity)
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strong root specificity and a localized expression in the root endodermis, high expression levels in all three root zones from the tip to the base
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-
strongest expression
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strongly expressed in hypocotyl and root
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subunit R2 isoform TSO2
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the enzyme is expressed specifically in roots
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-
the enzyme is mostly expressed in the root endodermis and cortex
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-
the gene is expressed in all tissues, with highest expression level in the stems and roots
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-
three root isoenzymes
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-
tip regions of primary and lateral root
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-
tips, junction between hypocotyls and roots, vascular tissue
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-
traces
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transcript detected
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transcript detected in
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transcript levels in root are higher than those in stem
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transcripts accumulate to higher levels in roots compared to shoots, PPC3 is the main PEPC isoform expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana roots
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ubiquitously expressed in Arabidopsis tissues and organs
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-
undergoing controlled cell death, alpha-VPE
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vascular tissue, AtPAL1 and AtPAL2
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-
vasculatures and tips
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very weak expression
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weak expression
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-
wild-type and transgenis plants, the latter expressing the Daucus carota enzyme
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-
XET activity in the initiating root hairs
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-
XET activity in the root cell elongation zone
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-
xylem
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young
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young and mature one
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AtCEl5 is expressed exclusively expressed in root cap cells of both primary and secondary roots. Expression is inhibited by high concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid and abscissic acid. AtCel5 expression begins once the mature tissue pattern is established and continues for 3 weeks
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throughout lateral and primary root development, histochemical staining of AtFAR6 promoter-GUS reporter gene activity
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-
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comparisons of mRNA populations of Arabidopsis root hair cells and cells of an Arabidopsis root hair mutant show AtXTH12 to be 4fold upregulated in root hair cells
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-
enzyme localizes to the periphery of the apical region of root hair cells
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-
high enzyme action over all the length
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t-DNA insertion mutations that reduces the expression of PIP5K3 cause shorter root hairs than in the wild type. Overexpression causes longer root hairs and multiple protruding sites on a single trichoblast.
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-
histochemical staining of AtFAR6 promoter-GUS reporter gene activity
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-
restricted to lateral root primordium
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-
689533, 689588, 700741, 700951, 710272, 715523, 715764, 739370, 743542, 748929, 761176, 761826, 765556
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-
high expression
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of seedling
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-
-
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URH1 is mainly transcribed in the vascular cells of roots
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-
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11 d, expression of GA2ox1, GA2ox2 (dominant), GA2ox3, GA2ox4, GA2ox6 (second highest level)
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33-days-old
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GGT1 accounts for nearly 100% of the activity in rosettes
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older rosettes, low expression
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-
quantitative profiling of molecular species of polar glycerolipids. In response to phosphorus starvation, concentration of phospholipids is decreased and that of galactolipids is increased
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subunit R2 isoforms TSO2 and RNR2A
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A0A178WMD4, F4HXY7, F4HYF3, F4IIN3, F4IRA7, O22241, O22765, P37702, P42801, Q0WRB0, Q38908, Q39152, Q39189, Q3ED15, Q4PT07, Q6NPM8, Q84P21, Q8GWG0, Q8LDU4, Q8S4Y1, Q8VY08, Q8VYK1, Q93Y23, Q93YU6, Q93ZC9, Q94AR8, Q94AR8 AND Q9ZW84, Q94F00, Q94JQ3, Q94K43, Q9C5C2, Q9C6B3, Q9C9P4, Q9CA90, Q9FFG6, Q9FGN1, Q9FIK7, Q9FJ72, Q9FJ73, Q9FJ74, Q9FJ75, Q9FJ76, Q9FJ77, Q9FJ78, Q9FMV1, Q9FNJ8, Q9FWR5, Q9LDR4, Q9LE33, Q9LFA6, Q9LKB2, Q9LNL1, Q9LX12, Q9LXN3, Q9LY82, Q9LYT7, Q9M1R1, Q9M7I7, Q9M8S8, Q9MAJ7, Q9SA96, Q9SGD6, Q9SLD2, Q9SMN1, Q9SU56, Q9T0I8, Q9ZUY3, Q9ZW84, Q9ZW85
-
681243, 693498, 700664, 700813, 703818, 703859, 704698, 706175, 706255, 706345, 706378, 710418, 712864, 716043, 716519, 718775, 720731, 720738, 722649, 726877, 729125, 732617, 738817, 739319, 746068, 746161, 748929, 748948, 748993, 753034, 757327, 757702, 757863, 757974, 758048, 758132, 759572, 759973, 761180, 765621
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also found in 7-d-old seedling, root, flower, young silique, embryos at late cotyledon stage and stalk
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AtUSP mRNA-specific qRT-PCR
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both FNR chloroplast isozyme genes are predominantly expressed in the rosette leaves
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extracts from drought stressed leaves, AAO3
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high expression level
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-
high expression level of IMD3 and IMD2
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-
highest ADH 3 levels
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-
low levels of QRT2
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-
mature plant
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vasicular tissue, ATCSLD5 promoter driven beta-glucuronidase (GUS) expression
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A8MRX0, F4HPZ9, F4JJL0, F4JJL3, F4JLK2, F4K2A1, F4KII1, O23141, O23402, O49006, O49562, O80437, O80952, O81077, O81796, O81893, O82768, P0DH99, P24100, P25858, P42339, P46313, P93032, Q00917, Q05762, Q05763, Q0WL56, Q0WM36, Q0WS47, Q38862, Q5XF03, Q5XF78, Q680I5, Q8GTY0, Q8GWG0, Q8GYW7, Q8LAX0, Q8LFC0, Q8LG50, Q8LG77, Q8RUW5, Q8RY24, Q8VYW6, Q8VZR0, Q8VZU3, Q8W4H7, Q93Y23, Q93ZC9, Q93ZR6, Q945K7, Q949P1, Q94AP0, Q94AR8, Q94AR8 AND Q9LYT7, Q94AR8 AND Q9ZW84, Q94AR8 AND Q9ZW85, Q94BT0, Q94K43, Q9C5W0, Q9C8L4, Q9C9G4, Q9CAY3, Q9FG41, Q9FG67, Q9FGC7, Q9FH76, Q9FJZ3, Q9FMW8, Q9FNA9, Q9FND9, Q9FX54, Q9FY54, Q9FZ22, Q9LF04, Q9LFT6, Q9LG26, Q9LHS7, Q9LJK2, Q9LKJ1, Q9LMM0, Q9LVF0, Q9LX12, Q9LY82, Q9LYT1, Q9LYT7, Q9LZ76, Q9LZV3, Q9M0G0, Q9M0H6, Q9M111, Q9M8Z7, Q9MAC9, Q9SAC6, Q9SBA5, Q9SBJ1, Q9SE50, Q9SEV0, Q9SHJ5, Q9SI64, Q9SKX5, Q9SLD2, Q9SS04, Q9STV0, Q9SU79, Q9SWG0, Q9SXA6, Q9SXE1, Q9SYJ2, Q9XFR9, Q9XIG1, Q9ZT92, Q9ZU51, Q9ZUX7, Q9ZW84, Q9ZW85
-
210042, 286649, 485607, 485615, 485618, 486516, 487713, 487715, 489023, 489963, 641633, 646195, 653512, 654008, 661815, 662537, 663172, 665755, 666673, 670547, 670559, 670629, 675685, 676427, 676434, 676894, 681140, 682384, 689461, 689497, 689601, 693166, 693417, 694587, 694614, 694665, 694671, 694677, 694727, 700222, 700738, 700746, 700801, 702463, 704116, 705948, 706208, 706255, 706265, 706323, 706360, 706373, 708075, 710261, 710309, 712359, 713282, 713331, 714099, 714802, 715698, 716537, 716615, 716651, 716654, 719400, 720135, 720697, 720698, 720785, 723404, 723421, 723919, 726241, 726372, 730585, 730587, 730591, 730651, 732470, 734901, 734956, 736162, 736569, 736570, 737036, 737332, 738231, 739269, 739296, 739313, 739361, 740350, 740956, 741119, 741241, 743446, 743466, 743485, 744605, 746246, 748897, 749748, 750200, 751100, 756834, 756881, 757032, 757327, 757498, 757543, 758053, 758067, 759973, 760156, 761181, 761826, 762113, 762132, 762144, 764790, 764794, 765575, 765579, 765649
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-
52 kDa isoform
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-
at 3 d and 10 d after flowering, SUS protein localized to the silique wall, seed coat, funiculus, and endosperm. By 13 day after flowering, SUS protein is detected in the embryo and aleurone layer, but is absent from the seed coat and funiculus. Co-localization of SUS protein and starch grains in the seed coat at 3 and 10 day after flowering indicates that SUS may be involved in temporary starch deposition during the early stages of seed development
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-
AtBX3 mRNA is specifically expressed in the early stage of seed formation and not at seed maturation
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AtPDAT1 is expressed generally at higher levels in vegetative tissues than in seeds
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-
beta VPE
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CYP707A2 transcription is much higher than the other CYP707A genes
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CYP707A4 transcription is the lowest of the CYP707A genes
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developing
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developing seed
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developing seeds, high DGAT1 expression
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developing, isozyme cytHPPK/DHPS gene is exclusively expressed in developing seeds, histochemical analysis of a transgenic cytHPPK/DHPS promoter-GUS line
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-
dried seeds
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-
dry and germinating, AtRTL2
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dry seed: GA2ox1 and GA2ox4 not expressed, high levels of GA2ox2 and GA2ox3, GA2ox6 dominant, 24 h inhibited seed: low expression of GA2ox1 and GA2ox4, highest expression of GA2ox2 and GA2ox6, expression of GA2ox3
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dry, main expression
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elevated expression
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enzyme PME31 is highly expressed in dry seeds
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-
enzyme without active-site Cys is the major enzyme type in developing grains
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expressed predominantly during seed germination
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-
FAE1 is a seed-specific enzyme
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GAMT1 expression is localized mostly to seed
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germinated, high expression level of AtSHMT3
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germinating
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germinating, highest activity at the first germination day
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-
high and specific expression in developing seed
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high expression
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high level of AtGolS1 and 2 expression in mature seeds, but very low of AtGolS3
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high level of ENDO2 transcription is maintained specifically in chalazal endosperm from the preglobular to the linear cotyledon stage and rapidly decreases at later stages of seed development
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-
highest expression of isoform MIPS2
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-
highly expressed in dry seeds, especially at the end of seed maturation, weak expression in the surrounding endosperm
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highly expressed in seeds
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imbibed. NCED2 plays a minor role in high temperature-induced abscisic acid synthesis and germination inhibition
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imbibed. NCED5 plays a minor role in high temperature-induced abscisic acid synthesis and germination inhibition
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imbibed. NCED9 plays a major role in high temperature-induced abscisic acid synthesis and germination inhibition
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immature seed, predominant expression of isoform IPT1
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immature seed, predominant expression of isoform IPT4
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immature seed, predominant expression of isoform IPT8
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-
immature, AtIPT1
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-
immature, AtIPT4
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-
innercellular structures of the enzyme wild-type and mutant seeds
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is induced by abiotic stresses in 2-week-old seedlings
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isoenzyme AtMIPS2-1 is largely heat inducible at the various growth stages such as seedling, flower, developing silique and mature siliques
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-
isoform Clo-1
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isozyme RS4 is seed-specific
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isozyme TR-BAMY
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-
LACS1, LACS2, LACS4, LACS8, and LACS9
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low expression
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low expresssion of DGAT2
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mature
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mature siliques and germinated seeds expresse 50-100% more AtRibF1 mRNA than AtRibF2 mRNA
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moderate expression
brenda
NNRD is restricted to seeds but appears to be dispensable during the normal Arabidopsis life cycle, NNRD accumulates in seeds
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predominant isoform NIT2 in germinating seeds
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promoter and transcript analyses indicate that AtHEMN1 is expressed mainly in floral tissues and developing seeds
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seed coat epidermis
brenda
strong ETHE1 expression occurs in the peripheral and chalazal endosperm of wild-type seeds prior to cellularization
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the enzyme is expressed mainly in seeds
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transcript and metabolite patterns of CoA biosynthesis during seed development involving the enzyme, overview
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-
very specific during early seed development 2-5 days after fertilization in young seeds, expressed in the veins of the mature siliques at later stages of development, not expressed in mature seeds
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A0A178WMD4, A0A1P8AVN4, A8MQH1, B0F481, B1GV57, B2GVM7, B3DN87, B7SFQ0, C4PW05, F4HVH9, F4HXY7, F4HYF3, F4I7I0, F4IAX0, F4IWV2, F4J2K2, F4J4C8, F4JJL0, F4JJL3, F4K2A1, F4K5W8, F4K645, O04130, O04928, O22141, O22241, O22287, O22446, O22666, O23051, O23402, O23553, O23596, O48840, O49006, O49203, O49213, O49299, O49394, O49434, O49485, O49639, O64749, O64816, O64989, O65201, O65202, O65403, O80396, O80437, O80467, O80560, O80685, O80840, O81000, O81024, O81077, O81312, O81472, O81770, O81796, O82200, O82616, O82796, P0CZ23, P25856, P25858, P32961, P34795, P42801, P46310, P46312, P46416, P47998, P47999, P49040, P49597, P52839, P57681, P57751, P92981, P93031, P93032, Q00917, Q05431, Q06402, Q0WM36, Q0WQK2, Q0WS47, Q1H537, Q1PE48, Q1PER6, Q38862, Q38908, Q38970, Q39008, Q39026, Q39032, Q39033, Q39103, Q39111, Q39189, Q39219, Q3EBC2, Q3EC11, Q3EDG5, Q3S4A7, Q42524, Q42564, Q42592, Q42593, Q42605, Q43725, Q500Z2, Q52T38, Q56W08, Q56WD9, Q56YA5, Q5M757, Q6DR03, Q6NMA7, Q6NPM8, Q6TPH1, Q71DJ5, Q7G193, Q7XA86, Q7XJM2, Q7XZP5, Q84MA2, Q84TG1, Q8GV43, Q8GWG0, Q8GXJ1, Q8GY91, Q8GYL3, Q8GYW7, Q8H0W1, Q8H0W2, Q8H191, Q8H1Q7, Q8H1S0, Q8L493, Q8L518, Q8L5Y5, Q8L799, Q8L7S8, Q8LDN8, Q8LDU4, Q8LDW6, Q8LFC0, Q8LG77, Q8RUW5, Q8RW90, Q8RXG3, Q8VY08, Q8VYB9, Q8VYH2, Q8VYJ1, Q8VYP5, Q8VYS8, Q8VZR0, Q8W033, Q93VK0, Q93VV0, Q93Y23, Q93YN9, Q93YU6, Q93ZC9, Q93ZN9, Q941L0, Q944C1, Q944C2, Q945K7, Q94AF2, Q94AH8, Q94AP0, Q94AR8, Q94AR8 AND Q9ZW84, Q94AX4, Q94C49, Q94CE5, Q94F00, Q94F30, Q94JQ3, Q94K43, Q94KE3, Q96255, Q96329, Q96330, Q9ASU1, Q9C524, Q9C533, Q9C5I1, Q9C5L3, Q9C5W0, Q9C5Y2, Q9C7W7, Q9C826, Q9C9G4, Q9CA90, Q9FFP6, Q9FFQ5, Q9FG67, Q9FI17, Q9FIF5, Q9FJU4, Q9FLH2, Q9FLH8, Q9FLM3, Q9FM01, Q9FM97, Q9FMV7, Q9FMW8, Q9FN52, Q9FNA2, Q9FNA9, Q9FNJ8, Q9FNN1, Q9FNP9, Q9FUR2, Q9FWA3, Q9FX32, Q9FX54, Q9FZ22, Q9LDR4, Q9LE33, Q9LF33, Q9LFW1, Q9LIA8, Q9LIE4, Q9LIH7, Q9LIS3, Q9LM69, Q9LMU0, Q9LNE3, Q9LNE4, Q9LPC1, Q9LPW0, Q9LRR7, Q9LSV0, Q9LT69, Q9LTX3, Q9LU36, Q9LUM0, Q9LVF0, Q9LX12, Q9LXL5, Q9LY51, Q9LY82, Q9LYT1, Q9LYT7, Q9M0B6, Q9M111, Q9M115, Q9M1B9, Q9M1K5, Q9M1R1, Q9M2S0, Q9M306, Q9M591, Q9M5K2, Q9M884, Q9M8S8, Q9M8Z7, Q9M9H6, Q9M9P3, Q9MAB5, Q9S725, Q9S757, Q9S777, Q9S7E4, Q9S7H8, Q9S7N2, Q9S7X6, Q9S7Z3, Q9SA71, Q9SA77, Q9SA96, Q9SAC6, Q9SAK4, Q9SB41, Q9SB58, Q9SCY0, Q9SE50, Q9SEI4, Q9SFU3, Q9SG92, Q9SGC1, Q9SGD6, Q9SID0, Q9SJQ0, Q9SKB3, Q9SKB7, Q9SKE2, Q9SKX5, Q9SLA0, Q9SLD2, Q9SM02, Q9SMP5, Q9SN58, Q9SND6, Q9SNY3, Q9SPM5, Q9SQG2, Q9SR43, Q9SRT9, Q9SSE7, Q9STI6, Q9STZ3, Q9SU79, Q9SU91, Q9SUG3, Q9SUN3, Q9SVQ1, Q9SWE5, Q9SXA6, Q9SYG7, Q9SYK4, Q9SYM4, Q9SZ46, Q9SZ92, Q9T0A7, Q9ZSA2, Q9ZT48, Q9ZUX1, Q9ZUY3, Q9ZW84, Q9ZW85, W6HYK5
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3737, 81053, 135416, 286649, 393809, 393851, 393853, 393859, 393861, 393865, 437767, 485607, 485618, 486438, 487713, 487715, 640083, 640159, 644892, 646195, 653464, 656982, 660134, 663057, 663152, 663162, 664757, 664964, 666585, 666599, 666892, 666920, 669302, 669578, 670547, 670629, 671621, 675344, 676427, 676493, 676497, 676505, 676612, 676707, 679865, 682275, 682326, 682329, 682401, 682411, 682429, 682433, 682466, 685835, 687556, 689505, 689546, 689552, 689572, 689589, 689608, 689627, 689630, 693166, 694633, 694645, 694651, 694673, 694676, 694687, 694688, 694706, 694716, 694719, 694729, 694746, 694759, 694819, 694920, 696166, 697958, 698848, 699269, 700487, 700488, 700734, 700743, 700778, 700781, 700801, 700808, 700828, 700864, 700887, 700951, 701501, 702463, 703111, 704136, 704874, 705370, 705949, 706179, 706255, 706309, 706323, 706330, 706373, 706378, 706537, 709694, 710018, 710281, 710334, 710414, 711418, 712864, 714099, 715523, 716285, 716360, 716422, 716534, 716615, 716657, 717702, 718232, 718246, 718775, 719254, 719255, 719457, 719878, 719895, 720132, 720685, 720687, 720688, 720691, 720695, 720705, 720742, 720754, 720775, 720913, 721543, 722283, 722899, 723232, 723423, 723466, 723919, 725625, 725686, 726188, 726191, 726228, 726241, 726877, 728522, 728528, 729125, 729505, 730585, 730587, 730599, 732651, 733246, 733585, 734387, 734888, 734893, 734916, 734942, 734944, 734962, 734963, 734967, 734985, 735438, 735611, 736157, 736565, 736965, 736990, 737004, 738817, 739269, 739274, 739287, 739293, 739295, 739305, 739313, 739315, 739321, 739348, 739357, 739358, 739367, 739386, 739389, 739399, 739430, 740818, 740904, 741009, 741067, 741139, 741155, 741160, 741184, 741186, 741199, 741337, 741438, 742116, 742595, 742635, 743003, 743450, 743451, 743500, 743536, 743544, 743561, 743607, 745000, 745469, 745626, 745807, 745898, 746020, 746074, 746078, 746081, 746082, 746085, 746105, 746109, 746150, 746161, 746190, 747231, 747494, 747881, 748334, 748476, 748488, 748705, 748929, 748931, 748946, 748982, 748988, 748993, 751100, 751845, 751878, 751893, 751907, 754917, 755409, 755950, 756665, 756821, 756827, 757241, 757327, 757544, 757863, 757966, 757974, 757975, 757978, 757986, 757987, 758004, 758017, 758020, 758042, 758046, 758117, 758132, 758628, 758972, 759259, 759568, 759572, 759667, 759857, 759922, 759960, 759969, 759973, 760005, 760009, 760362, 760986, 761176, 761180, 761619, 761625, 761678, 762124, 762151, 762193, 762872, 762970, 763565, 763567, 763580, 763728, 764564, 764782, 764787, 765614, 765617, 765621, 765656
brenda
3 d: expression of GA2ox1, GA2ox2 (second highest level), GA2ox3, GA2ox4, and GA2ox6 (dominant)
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AAO1
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abundant expression in seedling shoots
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activity is higher in sur1 mutant seddlings than in wild-type
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all parts
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analysis of expression of all PLL genes in seedlings treated with hormones, abiotic stresses and elicitors of defense responses reveals significant changes in the expression of some PLLs without affecting the other PLLs
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apoplastic extraction
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apoplastic fraction
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AtECH2 gene expression is strongest in tissues with high beta-oxidation activity, such as germinating seedlings and senescing leaves
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AtGLDH mRNA level exhibits diurnal change. The level is low in the morning and increases during the day. Its level at 18.00 is about 2fold that in the morning at 6.00. Then the level decreases during the night until dawn of the next day. The diurnal change is regulated by light
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AtPAL1 and AtPAL2
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AtRTL2
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calmodulin-dependent isoform
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CEK1 is highly expressed in the root tips of germinating seedlings at days 1-4
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CESA3 and CESA6 are undetectable in imbibed seeds and appear after germination
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cotyledon
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etiolated
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expressed at higher level all over young seedlings including roots
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expression anaylsis, overview
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expression is transiently induced during germination
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expression of both uroporphyrinogen III methyl transferase (UPM1) and sirohydrochlorin ferrochelatase is minimal in etiolated seedlings and is upregulated in light
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expression of PAT15 is especially high in the leaf veins of 1- and 2-week-old seedlings
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following cellulose biosynthesis inhibition, activation of a UDP-D-xylose 4-epimerase gene correlates with increases in arabinose and uronic acid content in seedling cell walls
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germinated
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germinated, highest expression level of isozyme PMSRA4
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green seedling, aerial part and root
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grown in dark or in light
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growth for 14 days without phosphate, increase in enzyme transkript level, coordinate regulation of aspartate transcarbamoylase, ATCase, EC 2.1.3.2, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase, CPSase, EC 6.3.5.5, UMP synthase, EC 2.4.1.10, EC 4.1.1.23, uracil phosphoribosyltransferase, UPRTase, EC 2.4.2.9, UMP kinase, EC 2.7.4.14
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GUS staining of seedlings
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high DGAT1 expression
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high expression
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higher in seedling hypocotyls and lower in seedling roots
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-
highest expression of isoform KCS20
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highest expression of isoform MIPS1
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hypocotyl of seedling, high expression of isoform TGG1, no expression of isoform TGG2
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in cotyledons only
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isoform CYP86A1, transcripts are 17fold more abundant in seedling roots than in seedling shoots
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low expression
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low level
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MIOX1 is expressed preferentially in seedlings
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MIOX2 is expressed preferentially in seedlings
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moderate expression
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-
mRNA expression is strongly induced by exposing dark-grown seedlings to the light
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only in older seedlings
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OPR overexpressing line
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PIMT1 expression is more or less similar regardless of stress. PIMT2 transcript abundance increases due to abscisic acid, drought-stress or salt-stress
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predominant expression of isoform Atbcat-1
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Raf11 promoter activity is observed in embryos and most of the seedling tissues, except emerging leaves and root tips, Raf11 expression patterns, overview
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root of seedling
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root tip of germinating seedlings
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shoot and root, low expression
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slight accumulation
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-
slightly increasing trend of m5C modification in mRNA from 3- to 15-day-old whole seedlings undergoing vegetative, floral transitional, and reproductive stages
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source for isolating RNA
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specific ACS isozymes are targets for regulation by protein phosphatase 2A during Arabidopsis thaliana seedling growth and reduced protein phosphatase 2A function causes increased ACS activity in the roots curl in 1-N-naphthylphthalamic acid 1 mutant
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ST3a is expressed at early stages of seedling development
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stems and flowers contain two- to threefold more thermospermine compared to whole seedlings and mature leaves
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strong expression in the early stages of seedling growth and pollen germination
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strong expression of enzyme isoforms PorA, PorB in early seedling development
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Ten-day-old Arabidopsis seedlings grown on MS medium are used for different treatments. RNA is extracted and reverse transcription of RNA is carried out using M-MLV RTase Synthesis Kit.
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the CHLH gene encoding the H subunit of Mg-chelatase is induced by continuous white, red, far-red or blue light with an initial peak after 24 h light. Mg-chelatase subunit genes CHLI and CHLD and the ferrochelatase genes FC1 and FC2 are not strongly regulated at the level of transcript abundance, but the Mg-chelatase regulator GUN4 has an expression profile almost identical to that observed for CHLH. Transcription of both CHLH and GUN4 is primarily under the control of phytochromes A and B and compromised in the phytochrome-signalling mutants fhy1 and fhy3
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the shoot fresh weight of the wild type grown on arsenate is 42% compared with that of untreated wild-type seedlings
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THIC transcript is not detectable two days after germination, but is readily detectable at day five
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transgenic, ecotype Columbia
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ubiquitously expressed in Arabidopsis tissues and organs
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ubiquitously expressed in seedlings
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UGT85A1 is mainly expressed in the early seedlings, spatial-temporal expression patterns, overview
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very low expression level
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weak expression
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young seedling, expression of NMT2 isoform 1
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young seedlings, expression in most cell types (AtUSP mRNA-specific qRT-PCR)
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F4JJL0, F4JJL3, O80568, O81796, O81893, P93032, Q42524, Q8LFC0, Q8LG77, Q945K7, Q9C9G4, Q9FLN8, Q9LU36, Q9LYT1, Q9S725, Q9S777, Q9SBA5, Q9SKX5, Q9SND6, Q9SS04, Q9SU79, Q9SUG3, Q9SXA6
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670547, 673698, 710284, 723919, 730587, 736987, 739399, 742992, 746109, 757960, 761176
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NAD-MEH and NADME1 act in concert in this tissue
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NADP-ME2
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NADP-ME4
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strong expression in vascular tissue just before onset of senescence (promoter activity)
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the NAD-ME1 subunit is present at a slightly higher proportion than the NAD-ME2 subunit, and thus, NAD-MEH and NADME1 act in concert in this tissue
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F4K5W8, O23051, O49434, O64989, O80437, O82730, P0DH99, P42043, P46313, P47924, P49040, P52839, Q00917, Q0WL56, Q0WM36, Q0WUC2, Q39189, Q42569, Q43127, Q56WN1, Q5XF03, Q6L5P3, Q6NLA5, Q6NLQ7, Q6NQL6, Q84LM4, Q8GTY0, Q8GWG0, Q8L850, Q8VY08, Q8VY26, Q8W4H7, Q949Y3, Q94IB9, Q94KE3, Q96255, Q9ASU1, Q9C5W0, Q9C5Y2, Q9CAY3, Q9FFP6, Q9FM97, Q9FNN1, Q9FX32, Q9FZ22, Q9LHS7, Q9LMM0, Q9LXL5, Q9M111, Q9M8S8, Q9SCL7, Q9SHJ5, Q9SHP0, Q9SI93, Q9SJQ0, Q9SLD2, Q9SUW4, Q9SYJ2
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636833, 640159, 651807, 653534, 656998, 660258, 663192, 666920, 676425, 676432, 676724, 676858, 680823, 682390, 682408, 689608, 689767, 694886, 700222, 701501, 702914, 706272, 710284, 714783, 716285, 716731, 719552, 720508, 720562, 720738, 720751, 726241, 727579, 727640, 730585, 733588, 734552, 734739, 734901, 734917, 734919, 734921, 736154, 736157, 739274, 739365, 742590, 742602, 746021, 746078, 746115, 746150, 746165, 747429, 748931, 750200, 751856, 757543, 757544, 757974, 757986, 758048, 758132, 759278, 761655, 762193, 765565, 765587
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26 days old
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7 d: expression of GA2ox1, GA2ox3 (very low expression), GA2ox4, GA2ox2 and GA2ox6 dominant
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apex
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apex tissue
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apical meristem
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-
apical meristem cells
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AtkdsA1 is predominantly expressed in shoots
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AtMIPS3 is stress inducible in the shoot by heat stress, mannitol, ABA, cold and NaCl
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-
AtPLC1S is concentrated in shoot and leaf
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AtPLC2 expression
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cDNA library
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CYP707A3 plays a major role in regulating abscisic acid levels, whereas CYP707A1 plays a minor role in regulating abscisic acid levels in shoots
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DHAR5 mRNA levels are upregulated in Arabidopsis roots and shoots colonized by the beneficial endophyticfungus Piriformospora indica
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drought hypersensitive/squalene epoxidase 1-5 mutant has altered sterol composition in roots but wild-type sterol composition in shoots (GC-MS analysis)
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DWF4 expression is highest in apical shoots, and high in siliques. The expression of DWF4 in roots is comparable with that in shoots
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DWF4 transcripts accumulate in the actively growing tissues, such as root, shoot apices with floral clusters, joint tissues of root and shoot, and dark-grown seedlings
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ethylene treated plants
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expression at higher extent in the later growth stage within restricted parts of the organs, such as shoot meristem, leaf petiole and also in anther
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expression of AtG3P4
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expression of AtG3Pp3
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expression of isoforms AtFRO3, AtFRO8. Expression of AtFRO3 is elevated in iron-deficient plants. When copper is limited, expression of AtFRO6 is reduced, of AtFRO3 is induced
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FRK2
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-
functional carbonic anhydrase genes are more strongly expressed in green tissue, but strong expression is also found in roots for alphaCA2
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-
functional carbonic anhydrase genes are more strongly expressed in green tissue, but strong expression is also found in roots for betaCA3, betaCA6
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HAM1 or the HAM2 genes display an overlapping expression pattern, mainly in growing organs such as shoots and flower buds
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high expression
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high expression of isozyme LPPgamma
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high level of expression in inflorescence shoots
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-
higher enzyme level than in roots
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-
HMA1 is expressed preferentially in shoots
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isoforms AtFRO5, AtFRO6
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-
isozyme AtCKX4
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lower level than in roots
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MRN1 gene is specifically expressed in shoot and root apical meristems and induced by osmotic stress and abscisic acid
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-
NRT2.4 expression in shoots is limited to the primary veins of leaves and inflorescences and is adjacent to the phloem parenchyma
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of young seedling
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shoot meristem
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the shoot-specific expression of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase directs the long-distance transport of thiol-peptides to roots conferring tolerance to mercury and arsenic
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transcripts accumulate to higher levels in roots compared to shoots
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vascular tissues of inflorescence stems
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very low NRT2.4 expression
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xylem
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-
brenda
high expression of 5PTase14
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high levels, otherwise ubiquitous (in silico analysis)
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-
brenda
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sieve element-companion cell
brenda
C4PW05, F4IRA7, F4IV16, F4IWV2, F4J4C8, F4JLK2, F4K172, O22267, O22666, O22765, O23066, O80467, O80568, O80823, O81020, O81024, O81796, O81893, P0DH99, P25858, P46312, P48422, P57751, P92974, P93028, P93032, Q0WL56, Q0WS47, Q1ACB3, Q39189, Q3EBF7, Q3ED15, Q4PT07, Q56WJ4, Q5XF78, Q6DBD7, Q7G191, Q84VV0, Q8GTY0, Q8GWG0, Q8GXU8, Q8GYL3, Q8H191, Q8H965, Q8L4Y2, Q8L7S8, Q8L7Y9, Q8L850, Q8LDP6, Q8LDW6, Q8LFC0, Q8LG50, Q8LG77, Q8RY24, Q8VXV7, Q8VYB9, Q8VYG2, Q8VYK1, Q8VZR0, Q8W4H7, Q93WC9, Q93ZB9, Q945K7, Q94B70, Q94BT0, Q94F30, Q94ID1, Q94ID2, Q94ID3, Q94JQ3, Q9ASU1, Q9C509, Q9C5I1, Q9C5W0, Q9C6L1, Q9CAD6, Q9FFN7, Q9FGN1, Q9FJ72, Q9FJ73, Q9FJ74, Q9FJ75, Q9FJ76, Q9FJ77, Q9FJ78, Q9FLH2, Q9FLT2, Q9FMW8, Q9FN47, Q9FY54, Q9FYC2, Q9FYG4, Q9LFW1, Q9LHN4, Q9LIS3, Q9LJL4, Q9LMM1, Q9LNL1, Q9LR03, Q9LR75, Q9LSV0, Q9LTR9, Q9LY23, Q9LYT1, Q9M332, Q9M5K2, Q9M9S1, Q9S7Y7, Q9S816, Q9SB00, Q9SB60, Q9SBA5, Q9SBJ1, Q9SCP7, Q9SKX5, Q9SLD2, Q9SRQ6, Q9SRQ7, Q9SRT9, Q9SU79, Q9SUG3, Q9SVX6, Q9SYC8, Q9SYJ4, Q9ZRP7
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1111, 486233, 487773, 652650, 656170, 660174, 660235, 661020, 661739, 662119, 662324, 662537, 663090, 663162, 670547, 670629, 671354, 673698, 676410, 676432, 676516, 676560, 676654, 679865, 681242, 682390, 682433, 689409, 689588, 693166, 693417, 693498, 694587, 694614, 694651, 694741, 694886, 696261, 699269, 700222, 700827, 704516, 705377, 706183, 706345, 710284, 715523, 716285, 716491, 716535, 716547, 716615, 716625, 718246, 718775, 719540, 720703, 720728, 720747, 722246, 723404, 723919, 726153, 728308, 728534, 730585, 730587, 730599, 730853, 733246, 734765, 734864, 734888, 734892, 734950, 734962, 736162, 736569, 737036, 737045, 739269, 739295, 739314, 739319, 741151, 741208, 743450, 746083, 746085, 746121, 746153, 747874, 747881, 748929, 749141, 750200, 757327, 757544, 757702, 757986, 758041, 758132, 759969, 761738, 763570, 765623
brenda
31 d: expression of GA2ox1, GA2ox2 (dominant), GA2ox3, GA2ox4, GA2ox6 (second highest level)
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abscission zones
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-
ADPG1 is present in siliques just before pod shatter. ADPG2 is expressed in mature siliques. Low levels of QRT2
brenda
almost exclusively detected in siliques, with the highest levels 6 to 8 d post anthesis
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at 3 d and 10 d after flowering, SUS protein localized to the silique wall, seed coat, funiculus, and endosperm. By 13 d after flowering, SUS protein is detected in the embryo and aleurone layer, but is absent from the seed coat and funiculus. Within the silique wall, SUS localizes specifically to the companion cells, indicating that SUS activity may be required to provide energy for phloem transport activities in the silique wall
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BGLU45
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constitutive accumulation of its transcript is seen in flower and developing silique tissues
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developed silique
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developing one
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developing silique
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DWF4 expression is highest in apical shoots, and high in siliques. The expression of DWF4 in roots is comparable with that in shoots
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expanding green siliques contain a 4fold higher expression of isozyme ADK1 compared to isozyme ADK2
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expressed mainly in whole siliques, peak transcript levels from the middle until the end of silique development
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expression is 1000fold higher than that of isoenzyme PLDalpha3
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expression is 1000fold lower than that of isoenzyme PLDalpha1
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expression of AtG3P4
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expression of AtG3Pp5
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expression only in the vascular system of the siliques, including the funiculi
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fourth siliques numbered from the top of 35-day-old plants
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funiculus and septum
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GAE1
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GAE2
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GGT3 is a major contributor to total GGT activity in roots, but a relatively minor contributor in other tissues
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green
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green and yellow
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green silique
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high DGAT1 expression
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high expression level
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high KAS2 expression level, especially in cotyledonary stage embryos
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-
highest expression of isoform MIPS1
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in developing siliques, NADP-ME2 activity is found at both ends, the stigmatic papillae and the abscission zone. Detected in the funiculus and vascular tissue of the siliques, NADP-ME2
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isoenzyme AtMIPS2-1 is largely heat inducible at the various growth stages such as seedling, flower, developing silique and mature siliques
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isoform Clo-3
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isoform GGT2 only
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isoform SLD1 and SLD2
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isozyme Ipk2alpha
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KCR1 and KCR2
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KCR1 and KCR2 transcripts
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low activity
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low expression of PME31
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mature siliques and germinated seeds expresse 50-100% more AtRibF1 mRNA than AtRibF2 mRNA
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moderate expression
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moderate expression level
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-
predominant expression
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RT-PCR, gene-specific primers for the isoform
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slight accumulation in developing ones
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strong expression
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strong expression in vascular tissue (floral organ abscission zone, dehiscence zone between silique walls, vascular tissue of silique walls) just before onset of senescence (promoter activity, microarray)
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strongly expressed in cotyledons, rosette leaves, stems, and siliques
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very low expression level
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weak expression
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weak expression, revealed expression in the seed and pod wall
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weakest expression
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young
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B3DN87, F4JJL0, F4JJL3, O49562, O80568, O80685, O81796, O81893, P93032, Q0WQK2, Q3EBC2, Q3EC11, Q500Z2, Q52T38, Q56WN1, Q5M757, Q6DR03, Q7XA86, Q8L5Y5, Q8LCE1, Q8LDW6, Q8LFC0, Q8LG77, Q8VYP5, Q8VYS8, Q93VV0, Q945K7, Q94C49, Q9C533, Q9C9G4, Q9FLM3, Q9FLN8, Q9LIE4, Q9LIH7, Q9M115, Q9M1K5, Q9M306, Q9MAC9, Q9SB58, Q9SBA5, Q9SUG3, Q9SXA6
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657018, 670547, 673698, 694671, 699269, 700720, 720754, 730587, 742595, 745466, 757960, 765623
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COMT1 is not localized in the tapetum, but in two directly adjacent cells layers, the endothecium and the epidermal layer of stamens
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expression of AtG3Pp5
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high expression
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of young flowers
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strong expression in vascular tissue just before onset of senescence (promoter activity)
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tapetum of young stamen
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-
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of root
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promoter activity is primarily found in the epidermis, cortex, and stele of mature primary and lateral roots, but not in the root meristem or the elongation zone
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A0A178WMD4, A4GNA8, B9TSP7, C4PW05, F4HXY7, F4IAX1, F4IV16, F4K172, F4KAK5, O22141, O23066, O49499, O65652, O80437, O80560, O80568, O80823, O81024, O81346, O81796, O81893, O82312, P0DH99, P25858, P46312, P48422, P54150, P57751, P92974, P93028, P93032, Q02971, Q08891, Q0WL56, Q1PEI6, Q38908, Q39032, Q39033, Q39152, Q39189, Q3EBF7, Q3ED15, Q4PT07, Q52T38, Q56W08, Q56WJ4, Q5XF03, Q680I5, Q6NMA7, Q76FS5, Q7XJ91, Q7XJ92, Q84V22, Q84VV0, Q8GTY0, Q8GV43, Q8GWG0, Q8H191, Q8H1H9, Q8L707, Q8L850, Q8L866, Q8LB02, Q8LBZ7, Q8LFC0, Q8LG77, Q8RX88, Q8S8N6, Q8S948, Q8VXV7, Q8VYG2, Q8VYI3, Q8VZA5, Q8VZE9, Q8W4H7, Q93WC9, Q93ZB9, Q93ZR6, Q944C1, Q944C2, Q945K7, Q949X7, Q94A94, Q94B70, Q94ID1, Q94ID2, Q94ID3, Q9C509, Q9C550, Q9C5D7, Q9C5Y0, Q9C6L1, Q9C9P4, Q9CA90, Q9CAD6, Q9CAH5, Q9CAR5, Q9CAY3, Q9FG67, Q9FGN1, Q9FGY1, Q9FJ72, Q9FJ73, Q9FJ74, Q9FJ75, Q9FJ76, Q9FJ77, Q9FJ78, Q9FKS0, Q9FLG1, Q9FLT2, Q9FN52, Q9FVQ6, Q9FWA3, Q9FWR4, Q9FYG4, Q9FZ22, Q9LE33, Q9LF79, Q9LFA6, Q9LG26, Q9LHS7, Q9LIS3, Q9LJL4, Q9LMM0, Q9LMM1, Q9LMT2, Q9LNL1, Q9LR03, Q9LSZ9, Q9LTR9, Q9LY23, Q9LY51, Q9LYT1, Q9M0G0, Q9M332, Q9M5K2, Q9M7I7, Q9M9S1, Q9MAJ7, Q9S7X6, Q9SB60, Q9SBA5, Q9SCP7, Q9SG92, Q9SHJ5, Q9SI62, Q9SKX5, Q9SL43, Q9STZ3, Q9SU79, Q9SUG3, Q9SVP6, Q9SVX6, Q9SWW6, Q9SYH3, Q9SYJ2, Q9SYK4, Q9T0I8, Q9XF43, Q9ZQC6, Q9ZRP7
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1111, 135416, 487773, 488378, 636536, 638978, 653520, 656971, 657055, 657074, 657111, 660174, 661237, 661739, 662119, 663090, 663134, 663162, 663275, 664195, 664380, 666585, 666625, 666906, 668015, 670547, 670559, 670619, 670629, 672670, 673698, 676428, 676432, 676507, 676508, 676516, 676548, 676556, 676560, 677889, 680715, 681242, 681243, 682423, 682466, 682960, 689409, 689555, 689579, 689588, 689634, 689675, 694587, 694651, 694666, 694746, 694755, 694886, 696261, 699269, 699807, 700222, 700664, 700757, 700813, 702463, 703859, 704516, 704608, 705377, 706183, 706345, 713233, 714531, 715448, 715523, 716177, 716285, 716360, 716535, 716547, 716625, 718232, 720670, 720672, 720698, 720703, 720728, 720747, 720776, 722347, 722657, 723391, 723919, 724675, 726146, 726198, 726232, 730568, 733246, 734805, 734950, 736984, 738817, 739259, 739287, 739399, 741186, 741438, 743450, 743598, 746028, 746083, 746121, 746153, 747874, 747881, 750200, 751094, 755985, 757327, 757543, 757702, 757936, 757986, 758041, 758132, 759572, 759800, 760009, 761180, 761205, 761738, 762164, 763570, 765614
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24 d: expression of GA20x1, GA2ox2 (dominant), GA2ox3, GA2ox6 (second highest level), no GA2ox4 expression
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52 kDa isoform
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activity in leaves is lower than in stem and root, AtNUDT10
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activity in roots is lower than in leaves and stem, AtNUDT6
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and flower, highest expression levels
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AtCCR1, not AtCCR2, northern blot analysis
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ATCSLD5-1 mutant line: reaction product 1,4-beta-D-xylan reduction most pronounced in top portion (independent of stem hight), absent from interfasicular tissue as revealed by immunocytochemistry
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AtGT-2 is expressed in this tissue, higher in the flowers and leaves than in roots and stems
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AtNUDT2
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AtNUDT7
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AtPLC1 is expressed at higher levels in stems than in the other organs
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AtPLC7 is expressed at higher levels in stems than in the other organs
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beta-1,4-D-xylan synthase is reduced by about 40% in qua1-1 stems relative to wild type
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BGLU45 and BGLU46 display increasing levels of expression from apex to base, matching the known increase in lignification
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constitutive expression
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constitutively expressed
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elongating
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-
expressed especially in developing stems and flowers
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-
expressed in most tissue
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expression in root, stem, leaf and flower
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expression is 1000fold higher than that of isoenzyme PLDalpha3
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expression is 1000fold lower than that of isoenzyme PLDalpha1
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expression of LCB1
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expression of LCB2
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expression of NADP-ME3 is restricted to the trichomes and trichome basal cells of leaves and stems
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expression patterns in of isozymes ADT4 and ADT5, histochemic analysis of wild-type and knockout mutant lines, overview
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floral
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flowering
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flowering plant stem
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flowering stem
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GAE1
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GAE2
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gene expressed predominantly
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GGT1 accounts for greater than 80% of the activity in stems and roots
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GGT3 is a major contributor to total GGT activity in roots, but a relatively minor contributor in other tissues
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high expression
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high expression level, revealed by Reverse Transcription-PCR
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higher expression level
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highest expression
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-
highest expression in the basal part of the inflorescence stem
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highest expression level of CYP82C2 is found in roots, followed by flowers, with relatively low expression in stems and leaves
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highest expression level of isozyme PMSRA2
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highest expression level of isozyme PMSRA5
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highest level of expression
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inflorescence stem
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inflorescence stems
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isoform AACT! is highly expressed in root tips, young leaf, top stem and anther
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isoform Clo-3
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isoform ENGase85A only
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isoform SLD1
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isoforms Cad-4, Cad-5, Cad-7, Cad-8, expression in lignifying stem tissue. No expression of isoforms Cad-2, Cad-3 in lignifying tissue
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isozyme Ipk2alpha
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isozyme SUS5
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low expression
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low expression level
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low expression of 5PTase13
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low expression of PME31
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lower levels of AtBSMT1 transcript
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moderate expression
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moderate expression level
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NADP-ME4
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reaction product 1,4-beta-D-xylan detectable in top, middle and base portion, present in xylem and interfasicular tissue as revealed by immunocytochemistry, ATCSLD5 most abundant during stem elongation between day 21 and 25 (in silico analysis)
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RT-PCR, gene-specific primers for the isoform
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-
specifically expressed in stem epidermal cells
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stems and flowers contain two- to threefold more thermospermine compared to whole seedlings and mature leaves
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strong expression
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strong expression in vascular tissue just before onset of senescence (promoter activity)
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strongly expressed in cotyledons, rosette leaves, stems, and siliques
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subunit R2 isoforms TSO2 and RNR2A
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the CCR2 gene, which is not expressed in wild-type stems, is found to be expressed in the stems of two CCR1 mutants
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the enzyme is highly expressed in stem, especially in the top portion of 6-week-old stem where lignification is occurring
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the gene is expressed in all tissues, with highest expression level in the stems and roots
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top parts of stems
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ubiquitously expressed in Arabidopsis tissues and organs
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vegetative shoot meristem
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very low expression of 5PTase14
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weak expression
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XylT activity in microsomal fraction only in presence of exogenous Xyl(6), wild-type plant
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F4JLK2, F4K7D6, Q42524, Q42569, Q8RY24, Q94BT0, Q94CE5, Q9FY54, Q9LU36, Q9LY23, Q9S725, Q9S777, Q9SS04
-
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NADP-ME4
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high MIOX1 expression level in syncytia, induced in roots by attack through the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii, metabolome analysis of syncytium, overview
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high MIOX2 expression level in syncytia, induced in roots by attack through the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii, metabolome analysis of syncytium, overview
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high MIOX4 expression level in syncytia, induced in roots by attack through the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii, metabolome analysis of syncytium, overview
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high MIOX5 expression level in syncytia, induced in roots by attack through the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii, metabolome analysis of syncytium, overview
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-
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high expression during anther development
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-
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isoform AtFRO7
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-
isozyme NADP-ME3
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-
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dominantly expressed in vascular bundles in most organs as well as in the guard cells
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-
restricted primarily to leaf vasculature
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-
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isoform AACT! is primarily expressed in the vascular system
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lower level of expression
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-
NADP-ME4
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-
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AtPAL1 and AtPAL2
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both in Arabidopsis and in Plantago, the Yang cycle enzymes are encoded by highly vasculature-specific genes or by genes showing much stronger expression in the vasculature than in nonvascular tissue. There are high expression levels of S-adenosyl methionine decarboxylases in the vasculature of Arabidopsis and Plantago
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drought-induced expression of AtNCED3 is restricted to the vascular parenchyma cells
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enzyme PTPLA is specifically expressed in root vascular tissues
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interfascicular fibres
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isozyme FPGS1 is preferentially expressed in vascular tissues
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leaf, stem, root, flower, silique only just before onset of senescence (promoter activity)
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-
major site of CYP707A1 and CYP707A3 expression
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-
predominant expression of isoforms Cad-1, Cad-9
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predominant expression of MEKK1
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primarily expressed
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-
protoxylem and/or adjacent cells, SHM1 and SHM2
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-
transgenic ProMKK3:GUS lines show basal expression that is strongly induced by Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato strain DC3000 infection but not by abiotic stresses
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-
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constitutive expression of AtPLC2 in vegetative and floral tissues
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-
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-
2 forms, nitrilase I and II
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vegetative tissue
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F4K7D6, O49499, Q42524, Q84W55, Q93WC9, Q94ID1, Q94ID2, Q94ID3, Q9C6L1, Q9LJL4, Q9LU36, Q9S725, Q9S777, Q9SB60, Q9SS04
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391958, 660174, 666576, 672722, 676431, 682960, 689675, 694775, 742992, 746109, 762617, 763586
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cell undergoing lignification
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histochemical analysis shows that NRT1.8 is expressed predominantly in xylem parenchyma cells within the vasculature
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in the hypocotyl as well as in the inflorescence stem, ACL5 is expressed not just broadly with respect to vasculature, but specifically in the xylem vessel elements at a strictly defined developmental stage, suggesting direct involvement of ACL5 in xylem vessel differentiation. The acl5 mutant displays severe overall inhibition of the secondary growth of the vascular tissues, dramatic alteration in the morphology of the vessel elements and complete lack of xylem fibers
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long, cylindrical cells, movement of the cellulose synthase complexes beneath the nascent secondary wall in developing xylem vessels, quantitative analysis, overview
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pole pericycle
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additional information
-
a beta-glucuronidase reporter construct using the ATSIP2 promoter shows that ATSIP2 is strongly expressed in sink tissues of Arabidopsis, i.e. sink leaves and non-xylem parts of the root stele
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additional information
absent from flowers and siliques, ATCSLD5 promoter driven beta-glucuronidase (GUS) expression
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additional information
ACT2 is expressed at relatively high level in all plant tissues
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additional information
B3DN87, O80685, Q0WQK2, Q3EBC2, Q3EC11, Q500Z2, Q52T38, Q5M757, Q6DR03, Q7XA86, Q8L5Y5, Q8VYP5, Q8VYS8, Q93VV0, Q94C49, Q9C533, Q9FLM3, Q9LIE4, Q9LIH7, Q9M115, Q9M1K5, Q9M306, Q9SB58
activity pattern of 24 PATs in the different tissues, overview
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additional information
-
akthr2 is not or time-restricted expressed in stem, gynoecium, and during seed formation
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additional information
-
amidase 1 expression is strongest in places of highest indole-3-acetic acid content in the plant
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additional information
analysis of CK glucosides formation during main developmental transition phases
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additional information
analysis of seed anatomy and embryo cell sizes throughout development of wild-type and hms-1 mutant
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additional information
analysis of temporal and spatial expression of JMJ27
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additional information
-
analysis of the expression pattern of all AtPLLs in different organs, at different stages of seedling development and in response to various hormones and stresses. The expression of PLLs varies considerably in different organs, with no expression of some PLLs in vegetative organs
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additional information
AtBXL1 is transcribed throughout the plant, including in differentiating seeds
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additional information
AtLCB1 is expressed ubiquitously in all organs of Arabidopsis thaliana examined, but the transcript level is higher in flowers and stems than in leaves and roots
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additional information
AtLCB2 is expressed ubiquitously in all organs of Arabidopsis thaliana examined, but the transcript level is higher in flowers and stems than in leaves and roots
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additional information
AtMES17 is expressed at the highest levels in shoot apex, stem, and root, expression pattern of AtMES17, overview
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additional information
Atppc2 transcripts are found in all Arabidopsis organs suggesting that it is a housekeeping gene. Salt and drought exert a differential induction of PEPC gene expression in roots
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additional information
-
AtSAHH1 has a much higher expression level than AtSAHH2
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additional information
AtSPSA1 is most abundant in all tissues tested
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additional information
-
AtStsH1, 2, 5, and 8 do not show evidence of tissue or developmental specific expression
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additional information
-
BAM4 is preferentially expressed in vascular tissues in source and sink organs
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additional information
-
BGLU45 and BGLU46 absent from rosette leaves or flowers
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additional information
-
both isoforms NADK1 and NADK2 are present in all tissues examined and throughout development
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additional information
broadly expressed during plant development with the highest levels found in proliferating cells
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additional information
-
CCR1 is a developmentally regulated gene, whose basipetally ordered expression pattern perfectly matches that of exit from the cell proliferation phase during leaf development
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additional information
CEK1 is preferentially expressed in vegetative tissue, with roots as the primary tissue for the expression
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additional information
-
cellular distribution of SHM1 and SHM2, detailed overview
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additional information
comparisons of morphologies of wild-type and mutant plant embryos and seedlings, overview
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additional information
complete loss of ATCSLD5 expression in mutant line atcsld5-1 with T-DNA homozygote insertion in first exon of ATCSLD5 gene, revealed by RT-PCR from 6-week old plants
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additional information
constitutive expression
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additional information
-
constitutive expression in both vegetative and reproductive organs
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additional information
CYP705A1 clusters with the arabidiol synthase gene ABDS, and both genes are coexpressed constitutively in the root stele and meristematic tissue
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additional information
CYP82G1 is not expressed in roots
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additional information
CYP86A2 transcripts are similarly abundant in most tissues analyzed, and 2- to 10fold less abundant in seedling roots, mature roots, and flower
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additional information
DAPDC1 spatial expression pattern in various tissues, overview
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additional information
-
developmental and wound-induced regulation
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additional information
DHAD is highly expressed in most vegetative and reproductive tissues
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additional information
differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview
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additional information
-
distribution in different tissues
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additional information
distribution of expression of isozymes during development in different tissues, overview
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additional information
-
distribution of myrosinase isoenzymes in Brassicaceae seems to be both plant organ- and species-specific. Tissue-specific and temporal enzyme expression
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additional information
distribution, overview
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additional information
-
ecotype Columbia, expression patterns of the 3 PAI isogenes, which are differentially regulated under normal growth conditions and differentially expressed in a tissue- and cell-type-specific manner
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additional information
-
ENO1 is expressed in most heterotrophic tissues but not in the mesophyll of leaves
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additional information
enzyme CEK4 is preferentially expressed in the vasculature, organ boundaries, and mature embryos. Isozyme CEK4 shows increased expression in senescent tissues
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additional information
enzyme expression analysis
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additional information
enzyme expression analysis in wild-type and mutant plant organs, overview
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additional information
enzyme expression analysis, pPAS2:GUS staining is present in mature roots and secondary roots but also expressed in the epidermis of cotyledons and leaves. In mature primary roots, pPAS2:GUS expression profile is specific to the endodermis
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additional information
enzyme expression analysis, pPTPLA:GUS staining is specifically localized in mature primary and secondary roots and restricted to the central cylinder. In mature primary roots pPTPLA:GUS appears to be restricted to vascular tissue
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additional information
-
enzyme expression is heat-inducible being induced by heat-shock proteins in all vegetative tissues
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additional information
enzyme expression levels in ecotypes An-1, Cvi, Col-0, C24, Eri, Kas-1, Kond, Kyo-2, Ler and Sha under different conditions, overview
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additional information
enzyme expression pattern of AtCAD-C and AtCAD-D, no expression in silique
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additional information
enzyme is constitutively expressed in both vegetative and reproductive organs
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additional information
-
enzyme is detected in all tissues analyzed
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additional information
-
enzyme is expressed in all starch-synthesizing tissues
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additional information
-
enzyme is expressed in rapidly dividing tissues
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additional information
enzyme RH3 accumulates in stroma and nucleoids of green tissues, with peak accumulation during chloroplast biogenesis. No enzyme activity in stems or roots of seedlings
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additional information
-
enzyme tissue localization study
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additional information
enzyme XTH15 is strongly expressed in young, rapidly growing organs, but particularly in 24-h imbibed seeds, the seedling hypocotyl and root, and early-stage flowers (especially in the carpels)
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additional information
enzyme XTH31 is strongly expressed in young, rapidly growing organs
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additional information
enzyme XTH31 is strongly expressed in young, rapidly growing organs. XTH31 is more specialised, being expressed in fewer organs (24-h imbibed seeds, hypocotyl, root elongation zone, cotyledons and immature leaves), albeit at higher concentrations
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additional information
-
expressed in all tissues
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additional information
-
expressed in green organs in a light-inducible way
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additional information
expressed in nitrogen-starved plants, but 10fold less abundant than isoenzyme GLN1,1
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additional information
-
expressed in young, rapidly expanding tissues, isoenzyme LACS2
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additional information
-
expression in aerial organs
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additional information
expression in all developmental stages
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additional information
-
expression in all tissues analyzed
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additional information
-
expression in all tissues examined
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additional information
expression is constitutive, but highest in flower organ. PAO3 promoter activity is detected in cotyledon, distal portion of root, boundary region of mature rosette leaf and in filaments of flower
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additional information
expression is restricted to above-ground tissues
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additional information
Q8GYW7
expression level during plant development
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additional information
expression levels of AtRibF1 show little or no variation among the organs and at the developmental stages examined, 2 exceptions are mature siliques and germinated seeds, which express 50-100% more AtRibF1 mRNA, AtRibF1 is a housekeeping enzyme needed by all plant organs throughout development
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additional information
expression levels of AtRibF2 show little or no variation among the organs and at the developmental stages examined, AtRibF2 are housekeeping enzyme needed by all plant organs throughout development
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additional information
expression levels of ProDH2 are generally low, but increase in senescent leaves and in the abscission zone of floral organs
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additional information
expression mainly in plant aerial tissues when Mg2+ levels are high in the soil or growth medium
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additional information
expression of 5PTase13 is suppressed by blue light irradiation. Expression level of 5PTase13 is significantly enhanced in phototropin1 single or phototropin1 phototropin2 double mutants under blue light
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additional information
expression of At5pTase1 is weaker than At5Ptase2
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additional information
expression of At5pTase2 is generally stronger than At5Ptase1
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additional information
expression of AtTPS1 is low and not organ specific
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additional information
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expression of different CalS genes is regulated in a tissue-specific manner
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additional information
expression of gene is widely distributed, but at low level
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additional information
expression of gene JMJ15 is relatively low and is limited to a number of tissues during vegetative growth but is higher in young floral organs. JMJ15 displays a highly tissue-specific expression pattern
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additional information
expression of isoforms GapA-1, GapB and phosphoribulokinase and peptide Cp12-2 is co-ordinately regulated with the same organ specificity, all four genes being mostly expressed in leaf and flower stalk, less expressed in flower, and little or not expressed in roots and siliques. Expression in leaf is terminated during prolonged darkness or following sucrose treatment, and their transcripts decay with similar kinetics
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additional information
expression of isozyme AtSLD2 is limited to flowers and siliques. AtSLD1 contributes to DELTA8 LCB desaturation in stems, flowers, leaves, siliques and roots, while isozyme AtSLD2 has a small effect on desaturation in every tissue, even in flowers and siliques, where AtSLD2 is highly expressed
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additional information
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expression of NRT1.7 is diurnally regulated, quantitative RT-PCR analysis of NRT1.7 expression, overview
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additional information
expression of subunit isoform RNR2B in all tissues tested, but at low level
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additional information
expression pattern
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expression pattern of AtPAO1 during seedling and flower growth and development through analysis of promoter activity in AtPAO::GUS transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants, a strong AtPAO1-related GUS signal is observed in very young, completely closed flower buds. AtPAO1 is mostly expressed in the transition region between the meristematic and the elongation zone of roots and anther tapetum
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additional information
expression pattern of AtPAO2 during seedling and flower growth and development through analysis of promoter activity in AtPAO::GUS transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants. AtPAO2 is mostly expressed in the quiescent center, columella initials and pollen
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additional information
expression pattern of AtPAO3 during seedling and flower growth and development through analysis of promoter activity in AtPAO::GUS transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants. AtPAO3 is mostly expressed in columella, guard cells and pollen
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additional information
expression pattern of AtPAO5 during seedling and flower growth and development through analysis of promoter activity in AtPAO::GUS transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants. AtPAO5 is mostly expressed in the vascular system of roots and hypocotyls
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additional information
expression pattern of ATRH7 in different tissues, overview. Enzyme AtRH7 is expressed ubiquitously and its levels of the expression are higher in rapidly growing tissues, including the young rosette leaves, the lateral roots, and the root tips, while comparatively weaker activity is also detected in other parts of the plants
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additional information
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expression pattern of HMA1 invarious tissues of wild-type plants, HMA1 is expressed preferentially in shoots, including rosette leaves, cauline leaves, ?owers and stems, but little expression is observed in the roots, overview
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additional information
expression pattern of isozyme ITPK2, no or very poor expression in stem
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additional information
expression pattern, no expression in root
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additional information
expression patterns of isozymes reveal that both genes, KAO1 and KAO2, are mainly expressed in germinating seeds and young developing organs, thus suggesting functional redundancy. The expression of KAO2 is much stronger than that of KAO1. KAO1 expression is almost exclusively restricted to the shoot apical meristem, the leaf primordia and the root meristem
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additional information
expression patterns of isozymes reveal that both genes, KAO1 and KAO2, are mainly expressed in germinating seeds and young developing organs, thus suggesting functional redundancy. The expression of KAO2 is much stronger than that of KAO1. KAO2 is expressed in hypocotyl and petioles of the cotyledons, in the vegetative shoot apical meristem and leaf primordia, and in the meristematic zone of the root and lateral roots
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additional information
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expression patterns of the nine PHT1 transporters from Arabidopsis thaliana, overview
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additional information
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expression profile of the enzyme in plant tissues, no activity and expression in roots
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additional information
FAR1 transcript not found in stem and gene expression patterns of the enzyme is associated with known sites of suberin deposition
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additional information
FAR6 expression completely absent in leaves and root tissues
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additional information
Fd-GOGAT1 is more highly expressed in leaves than in roots
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additional information
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fk gene expression pattern in wild-type and mutant strains, regulatory effects of sterols, overview
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additional information
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found in all organs investigated
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additional information
found in all tissues, with highest levels in roots and cauline leaves
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additional information
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GDH3 is expressed only in the root companion cells, whereas the two others GDH1 and GDH2 are expressed in the same companion cells in both roots and shoots, tissue GDH isoenzyme composition, overview. The alpha, beta, and gamma polypeptides, that comprise the enzyme, can be assembled into a complex combination of heterohexamers in roots
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additional information
gene AtDOK1 is expressed in specific cell types involved in meristematic activities, analysis of tissue-specific expression of DOK1 by histochemical GUS staining, overview
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additional information
gene AtTPS1 is widely expressed throughout the plant
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additional information
gene expression is confined to necrotic lesions during the hypersensitive response to bacterial infections, it occurs throughout the chlorotic area during a compatible interaction. Accumulation of alpha-DOX1 transcripts is impaired in salicylic acid-compromised plants and induced by salicylic acid and by chemicals generating nitric oxide, intracellular superoxide or singlet oxygen
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additional information
gene expression is found in all tissues analyzed
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additional information
gene expression of GSNO reductase during Arabidopsis thaliana development in different tissues, detaled overview
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additional information
gene expression patterns of the enzyme is associated with known sites of suberin deposition
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additional information
gene HDT1, expression analysis
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additional information
gene HDT2, expression analysis
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additional information
gene SSL5 is induced to various degrees by plant defence signalling compounds, such as salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate and ethylene, as well as by wounding and exposure to the plant pathogens Alternaria brassicicola and cucumber mosaic virus, overview
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additional information
gene SSL6 is induced to various degrees by plant defence signalling compounds, such as salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate and ethylene, as well as by wounding and exposure to the plant pathogens Alternaria brassicicola and cucumber mosaic virus, overview
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additional information
GGT2 activity is below the detection limit of the assay in leaves and most other tissues of Arabidopsis
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additional information
GGT4 activity, if present in the roots and stems, is near the limit of detection
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additional information
Gln-1;4 isogene expression is very low
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additional information
Gln-1;5 isogene expression is very low
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additional information
Gln2 expression is high in shoots, but low in roots
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additional information
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GLYR activity is found at all developmental stages and in all tissues, and activity is generally higher in vegetative and reproductive organs than in roots
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additional information
GPAT9 is constitutively expressed. The expression pattern is relatively broad. Comparable levels of GPAT9 expression are noted in the majority of tissues tested, including seedlings, rosette and cauline leaves (28 DAP), stems, roots, floral buds, open flowers, pollen, and siliques/seeds/embryos at various developmental stages. The highest levels of expression appears to be evident in leaves and developing siliques [at about 9 d after flowering (DAF)]
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additional information
green tissues
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GSNOR is thought to be localized in the phloem and xylem parenchyma cells of the vasculature
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additional information
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guard cell, generating nitric oxide in response to treatment with abscisic acid and nitrite
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additional information
high expression during senescence
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additional information
high expression in all tissues
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additional information
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high expression in green tissues of plants
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additional information
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high expression level of the plastidic isozyme pPMSR in photosynthetic active tissue
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additional information
high overall expression in seedling
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additional information
highest AtFLS1 transcript levels are detected during the reproductive stage, and in the developing inflorescence
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additional information
highest AtFLS1 transcript levels are detected during the reproductive stage, in the developing inflorescence, floral buds, flowers, and siliques
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additional information
highest level of expression among the aerial parts of the plant
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additional information
homologous AtSDR3 and AtABA2 have different spatial and temporal expression patterns
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additional information
in Arabidopsis thaliana, DGAT1 is expressed in different plant organs such as leaves, roots, flowers, siliques, seeds, and seedlings, the last two of which exhibit the highest expression levels. The high expression of AtDGAT1 in developing seeds and pollen correlates with the ability of these organs to accumulate high amounts of TAG. In addition, DGAT1 is expressed at lower levels in shoots and roots of seedling, which are sites exhibiting active cell division and growth
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additional information
in Arabidopsis, the enzyme is expressed in all tissues with a preference for pollen. The expresseion level of glucuronokinase 1 is about 15fold higher than of glucuronokinase 2
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additional information
in Arabidopsis, the enzyme is expressed in all tissues with a preference for pollen. The expression level of glucuronokinase 1 is about 15fold higher than of glucuronokinase 2
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additional information
in late endosperm the decrease in isozyme ENDO2 is accompanied by a significant increase in isozyme ENDO1 nucleases
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in nitrate-containing media, NRT2.4 expression is detected at low levels in roots and undetectable in shoots, but is induced after 3 days of nitrogen starvation 12fold in roots and detectable in shoots. NRT2.1 expression is high in roots in the presence of external nitrate and, after a transient increase, is relatively unchanged after 3 days of nitrogen starvation
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additional information
in non-infected wild-type plants, isozyme ADC2 expression is much higher than ADC1 expression. ADC2 expression is strongly associated with seed germination, root and leaf development
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additional information
in photosynthetic tissue, undetectable in non-photosynthetic tissues
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in the mature stage expression is ubiquitous with rather lower level in stem
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in the wild-type, the specific activity of NADH-GDH is over 10times higher in the roots compared with that measured in the leaves
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additional information
in vitro and in vivo analysis of pollen germination and pollen tube growth of wild-type and mutant strains, detection of pollen tube guidance in cross-pollination, overview
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additional information
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infection of plants with the pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato induces COX19 gene expression
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additional information
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isoform AtFRO6 is specifically expressed in green-aerial tissues in a light-dependent manner. Both light and cell differentiation are required for expression
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additional information
isoform AtkdsA2 gene expression is preferentially associated with plantlet organs displaying a meristematic activity
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isoform GGT3 is transcribed at relatively high levels in all parts of the plant. It is a major contributor to total enzymic activity in roots, but a relatively minor contributor in other tissues
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isoform MIPS1 is expressed in most cell types and developmental stages while isoforms MIPS2 and MIPS3 are mainly restricted to vascular or related tissues
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isoform PME3 is ubiquitously expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana, particularly in vascular tissues
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isoform Sqs1 is widely expressed in all tissues throughout plant development
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isoforms Atbcat-1, Atbcat-3 are expressed in all tissues, isoforms Atbcat-4, Atbcat-6 mainly in tissues associated with transport function and meristematic tissues
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isoforms AtFRO6, AtFRO7 show high expression in all green parts of the plant
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isoforms OAS-TL A and B are the most abundant isoforms in all tissues analyzed. The major isoforms present in cytosol, plastids and mitochondria show significant modifications into up to seven subspecies. Specific isoforms are found to be differentially modified in the leaves, roots, stem and cell culture. Sulfur deficiency does not alter modification of enzyme proteins purified from cell culture that shows the highest complexity of modifications. However, the pattern of enzyme modification is found to be stable within an analyzed tissue
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isozyme AtCKX1 is expressed in all plant organs
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isozyme AtDGAT2 is expressed at a lower level in seeds compared to other tissues
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isozyme AtPAO3 is abundantly expressed in all tissues
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isozyme AtPAO4 transcript is abundantly expressed in roots, flowers and greening cotyledons, but more poorly expressed in other tissues
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isozyme AtPDAT1 is expressed generally at higher levels in vegetative tissues than in seeds, whereas isozyme AtPDAT2 is highly expressed in seeds
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isozyme AtSLD1 is broadly expressed in all tissues. AtSLD1 contributes to DELTA8 LCB desaturation in stems, flowers, leaves, siliques and roots, while isozyme AtSLD2 has a small effect on desaturation in every tissue, even in flowers and siliques, where AtSLD2 is highly expressed
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isozyme AtSPSB shows by far the lowest expression of all isozymes in all organs analysed
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isozyme DGK2 expression in various tissues, expression pattern
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isozyme Gln1-2 localizes to the vascular cells of roots, petals, and stamens
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isozyme localization analysis revealing an isoform-specific expression pattern for the five cytosolic enzymes, subject to plant tissue and developmental stage. Cytosolic pyruvate kinase genes are expressed in a tissue-specific and developmental-specific manner. cPK1 promoter GUS lines display strong staining in the shoot apical meristem and in the basal part of young leaves. The cPK1 promoter leads to broadly abundant GUS activity in roots and leaves of seedlings from the first day on
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isozyme localization analysis revealing an isoform-specific expression pattern for the five cytosolic enzymes, subject to plant tissue and developmental stage. Cytosolic pyruvate kinase genes are expressed in a tissue-specific and developmental-specific manner. cPK4-promoter plants expression is observed from the first day on in the entire root and the leaf vasculature, and later in hydathodes and at the sides of emerging leaf buds
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additional information
isozyme localization analysis revealing an isoform-specific expression pattern for the five cytosolic enzymes, subject to plant tissue and developmental stage. Cytosolic pyruvate kinase genes are expressed in a tissue-specific and developmental-specific manner. Expression of cPK5 starts later and is mainly restricted to the cotyledon, leaf and root vasculature
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additional information
isozyme localization analysis revealing an isoform-specific expression pattern for the five cytosolic enzymes, subject to plant tissue and developmental stage. Cytosolic pyruvate kinase genes are expressed in a tissue-specific and developmental-specific manner. The cPK2 promoter shows broadly abundant GUS signals only at later stages, cPK2 promoter GUS expression does not initiate in the rosette axis until ten days after germination
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additional information
isozyme localization analysis revealing an isoform-specific expression pattern for the five cytosolic enzymes, subject to plant tissue and developmental stage. Cytosolic pyruvate kinase genes are expressed in a tissue-specific and developmental-specific manner. The cPK3 promoter shows broadly abundant GUS signals only at later stages. The cPK3 promoter-induced expression is restricted to the root tip and is already visible on the first day after germination. From the third day on, the signal becomes abundant in the entire root and is also observed in the leaf axis and spatial related trichomes
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isozyme pdNAD-MDH is expressed in green and nongreen tissues throughout development and the diurnal cycle
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isozyme TGG1 is expressed in guard cells and phloem cells and and isozyme TGG1 protein is highly abundant in guard cells. In contrast, TGG2 is only expressed in phloem-associated cells
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isozyme XTH15 is predominantly expressed in early-stage organs
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isozyme XTH31 is predominantly expressed in early-stage organs
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isozymes Gln1-1 and Gln1-2 are expressed in different cell types in Arabidopsis thaliana
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isozymes NOL and NYC1 are differentially expressed in Arabidopsis during development
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isozymes TPK1 and TPK2 are biochemically redundant cytosolic proteins that are similarly expressed throughout different plant tissues
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it is found that the 6-4 photoreactivating activity is constitutively expressed prior to as well as during the period of repair
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KAS2 is expressed in all plant organs, except for roots and hypocotyls
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KCR1 and KCR2 transcripts in inflorescence stems
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L-Phe/Tyr and general amino acid pools development during weeks in tissues of isozyme knockout mutants compared to the wild-type enzyme, overview
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LIG1 is expressed in all vegetative and reproductive tissues
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little or no AtBSMT1 transcripts observed in roots or siliques of plants
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low expression in root and silique
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LPAT2 is expressed ubiquitously in diverse tissues, tissue-specific expression levels, overview
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LPOR-C is expressed typically in green tissues
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MIPS tissue expression analysis, overview
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moderate expression throughout the plant
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mRNAs corresponding to the tRNase Z proteins are found in all plant tissues. No significant variation between mRNA levels for TrZS1 and TrZL2
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mRNAs corresponding to the tRNase Z proteins are found in all plant tissues. No significant variation between mRNA levels for TrZS1, TrZS2, TrZL1 and TrZL2
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mtLPD2 has a tissue-dependent expression pattern
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NADP-ME2 activity is detected in all reproductive organs
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NADP-ME2 and 4 are constitutively expressed, while NADP-ME1 is restricted to secondary roots and NADP-ME3 to trichomes and pollen
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NADP-ME4 is detected in all vegetative organs
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NDPK1 is the most highly expressed isozyme, followed by isozymes NDPK3a and NDPK3b, the latter is generally expressed at very low extent but increased in inflorescences and dividing cells
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nematode-induced syncytium in roots, isozymes expression analysis, overview
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no activity detected in root. ROC4 is expressed only in photosynthetic organs
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no activity in root
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no activity in root or seed
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no activity of NADP-ME1 is detectable in leaves and stems throughout growth, not expressed in floral organs
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no AtFAR6 promoter-GUS reporter gene activity in the inner cortex, vascular bundles or flower microspores
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no detectable CYP86A1 transcript levels in above-ground organs such as leaves, stems, flowers, and siliques
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no detection of protein of the 52 kDa isoform in root
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no enzyme activity is detected in siliques
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no expression in any organ under light. Under long term darkness, expression of isoform Pmi2 with concomitant decrease in ascorbic acid levels
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no expression in leaves of of 15-day-old plants, developmental expression pattern, the AtST3a transcript cannot be detected in extracts of wounded or etiolated plant material
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no expression in root hair zone
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no expression in root or inflorescence
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additional information
-
no expression in stem
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no expression in stigma
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no expression of ANTR1 in roots
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no expression of CKI1 in seedling, roots, stem, and leaves
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no expression of OPTs in in the root epidermis or root hair cells
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no expression of Pht1;9 in shoots
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no myrosin cells are detected in the ground tissue
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not detected in developing xylem tissue of elongating stem
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not detected in root, stem, and leaf
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not detected in roots and seedlings
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not expressed in roots
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not found in roots
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not found in siliques
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not in pollen grains
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not in root
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not in seeds, expression analysis, overview
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only minor amount of chloroplast isozyme FNR mRNA are detected in the stems, flowers and siliques. Chloroplast FNR transcripts or FNR proteins are not detected in the root tissue
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only minor amount of chloroplast isozyme FNR1 mRNA are detected in the stems, flowers and siliques. Chloroplast FNR transcripts or FNR proteins are not detected in the root tissue
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organ specific expression pattern analysis
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organ-specific expression of genes GSTU19 and GSTF2
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overlapping expression pattern of NPC genes in root, stem, leaf, flower, and silique
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PaO activity is found only during senescence
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PARG1 is induced primarily in mitotically active cells
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PHT4;2 is expressed in multiple sink organs but is nearly restricted to roots during vegetative growth
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plant growth conditions and phenotypic analysis of wild-type and mutant plants, overview
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plant-specific phi class of glutathione transferases, GSTFs, are often highly stress-inducible and expressed in a tissue-specific manner
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plants are grown under a 16 h light/8 h dark regime
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polyprenol reductases are expressed in a tissue-specific manner in Arabidopsis thaliana. Isozyme PPRD1 is expressed in young seedlings, while in older plants, it is mainly expressed in the roots and flowers. Expression of PPRD1 increases in the roots and decreases in the leaves. Isozyme expression analysis, overview
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additional information
polyprenol reductases are expressed in a tissue-specific manner in Arabidopsis thaliana. Isozyme PRD2 is expressed in all organs analyzed in young seedlings and older plants. With age, expression of PPRD2 is fairly constant in the roots and decreases in the leaves. Isozyme expression analysis, overview
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Q0WLU3
poor expression in roots
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additional information
present in all tissues examined
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product N-methylnicotinate accumulates predominantly in inflorescence tissues
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PrR1 is highly expressed in lignified inflorescence stem tissue
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PrR2 expression is barely detectable in stems
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PSAT1 is the most expressed isoform and the expression of both genes is higher in root than in shoot tissue. In 10-days-old plants the activity of both PSAT gene promoters is high in the shoot apical meristem (SAM), the root apical meristem (RAM), in the vasculature of the hypocotyl and in the vasculature of roots, whereas the PSAT1 promoter is additionally active in the vasculature tissue of cotyledons and young leaves. Specific expression pattern of PSAT genes, overview
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QRT2:GUS is expressed in the vascular bundles in the replum and at the central region of the valve. ADPG1-GUS is expressed in stomium cells
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quantitative expression profile analysis
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Q0WT03
quantitative real-time PCR expression analysis of gene chiC
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quantitative reverse transcription PCR enzyme expression analysis
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quantitative RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis in leaves and roots, overview
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quantitative RT-PCR NRT1.9 expression analysis
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quantitative RT-PCR NRT2.4 expression analysis
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relative expression levels show little or no variation among the organs and at the developmental stages examined. Exceptions are mature siliques and germinated seeds, which expresse 50-100% more AtRibF1 mRNA than AtRibF2 mRNA
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RNR2Tso2 is more prevalent than RNR2A throughout development and in most organs, suggesting that RNR2Tso2 is the predominant RNR2 in Arabidopsis thaliana. RNR2Tso2 levels are more varied than RNR2A levels in response to environmental changes and exposure to chemicals
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ROC1 is expressed in all tested plant organs
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additional information
rosette L, cauline L, silique
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RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis, overview
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salt and drought exert a differential induction of PEPC gene expression in roots
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salt and drought exert a differential induction of PEPC gene expression in roots. Atppc4 shows the highest induction in response to both stresses.
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SAV3 has a localized and dynamic expression pattern
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semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis of temporal and spatial expression of AtLeuC and AtLeuD genes, overview. The tissue-specifis expression analysis reveals that the patterns of small subunits AtLeuD1 and AtLeuD2 expression are similar, but distinct from that of AtLeuD3
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semiquantitative RT-PCR tissue expression analysis
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significantly present in all organs except seeds
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some of the AtRGPs such as the more temperature stable AtRGP2 and tRGP3 may be expressed by the plant as a response to heat stress, or during different stages of development
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spatial and temporal expression patterns of AtCLH2 in wild type plants, overview
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additional information
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spatial distribution of endoplasmic reticulum-localized CKI1 in the syncytial embryo sac is mediated by nuclear position and migration, overview
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additional information
spatially (vascular) and temporarily (age-dependent) restricted expression pattern (promoter activity)
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stomatal development and pattern is controlled by YODA
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additional information
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strong expression in elongating and developing cells
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strong expression of the enzyme in cotyledons and hypocotyl during early developmental stage, histochemical localization of AtDFB promoter activity and AtDFB expression patterns, overview
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additional information
temporal expression pattern of DGAT1, overview. DGAT1 expression is upregulated from 3 to 96 h upon cold exposure, with levels increasing 197 and 43fold in the shoots and the roots, respectively, at 96 h
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TGG1 accumulates abnormally in mns mutants
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TGG2 accumulates abnormally in mns mutants
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the 3-KDS reductase genes are functionally redundant and ubiquitously expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana
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the ADC1 promoter activity is low during vegetative development. In non-infected wild-type plants, isozyme ADC2 expression is much higher than ADC1 expression
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the alpha and gamma vacuolar processing enzyme occurs only in vegetative organs
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the Arabidopsis GSNOR gene is significantly expressed in all organs with the exception of mature pollen
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the AtALN promoter activity is present in specific plant tissues during plant development and is strongly repressed by salt stress
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the AtPNG1 gene is uniformly and constitutively expressed at low levels throughout all developmental stages of the plant
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the constitutive expression of APX6 is restricted to old and dying cells and absent in younger tissues
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additional information
the enzyme expression is mainly localized to unfertilized ovules present in flowers after anthesis and in green siliques, no enzyme expression in vegetative organs, e.g. root and leaf, quantitative reverse transcription-PCR expression analysis. The highest expression is detected in green siliques, tissue- and development-specific expression pattern, overview
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the enzyme expression levels gradually increase in an age-dependent manner, expression profiling, overview
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additional information
the enzyme expression levels gradually increases in an age-dependent manner, expression profiling, overview
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additional information
Q0WWH7
the enzyme is expressed in all aboveground organs, but not in roots
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additional information
the enzyme is expressed in all Arabidopsis organs
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additional information
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the enzyme is the main endoribonuclease activity in plant cells
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the enzyme is ubiquitously expressed in Arabidopsis tissues and organs
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the expression of ACT1 is restricted to roots and inflorescences and its transcript is present at very low levels
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the expression of AtDOK1 is limited to highly pluripotent cells although protein glycosylation is thought to be required ubiquitously in the entire plant body. AtDOK1 is highly expressed in emerging shoot apical meristems as well as inflorescence and floral meristems
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the expression of isozyme Hsp93-V is much higher than that of isozyme Hsp93-III
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the gene family displayed overlapping and yet distinguishable patterns of expression in roots, leaves and stems. And all AtGDPD genes, except for AtGDPD4, are transcriptionally active in flowers and siliques. Functional redundancy as well as specificity of GDPD genes
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additional information
the gene SSL4 is constitutively expressed and not significantly induced by any treatment, e.g. with plant defence signalling compounds, such as salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate and ethylene, or by wounding and exposure to the plant pathogens Alternaria brassicicola and cucumber mosaic virus
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additional information
the genes encoding chloroplast PSY enzymes involved in photosynthesis are light-regulated, whereas those preferentially found in the root are not responsive to light but to salt, osmotic, or water stress, and specifically to abscisic acid
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additional information
the IAMT1 gene is widely expressed in all Arabidopsis thaliana organs
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additional information
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the pattern of SDH activity is consistent in general with the pattern of expression of the genes sdh2-3 and to a lesser extent of sdh1-2
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additional information
the tissue-specific expression patterns of IMP and VTC4 genes, IMPL1 GUS expression is observed in all tissues, IMPL2 GUS expression is comparatively strong in roots, but has little hypocotyl expression. Expression of genes VTC4, IMPL1, and IMPL2 during plant development, quantitative PCR, overview
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additional information
the transcripts abundance of isozyme AtGALK2 is much less than that of isozyme AtGlcAK in all analyzed tissues. Except for the transcripts in seed, the expression abundance of AtGALK2 in the rest of detected tissues is always less than half the level of AtGlcAK
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additional information
the ZEP protein is detected in all plant tissues (except flowers) concomitant with xanthophylls
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additional information
tissue distribution
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additional information
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tissue distribution of isozyme expression, overview
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additional information
tissue distribution, enzyme form 1 is present in all tissues
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additional information
tissue distribution, overview
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additional information
tissue expression analysis, no expression in leaf, flower, root, and silique
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additional information
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tissue expression level analysis, the isozymes have similar expression patterns, except in case of microgametogenesis, where isozyme ADK1 is upregulated while isozyme ADK2 is not, ADK1 is the major isozyme
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additional information
tissue expression profile, overview
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additional information
tissue localization study, expression analysis, overview
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additional information
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tissue specific expression of genes IMD1, IMD2, and IMD3, overview
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additional information
tissue specific expression of the isozyme, overview
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additional information
tissue-specific expression
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additional information
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tissue-specific expression pattern
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additional information
tissue-specific expression, overview
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additional information
TPS20 compounds occur in all tissues of ecotype Cvi but are absent in the Col ecotype because of deletion and substitution mutations in the Col TPS20 sequence
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additional information
A0NAB2
transcription is activated during the G1/S-phase of the cell cycle. The single gene produces a longer isoform targeted to the mitochondria and a shorter cytosolic isoform
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additional information
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transcriptome-wide profiling of m5C RNA in Arabidopsis thaliana is made by applying m5C RNA immunoprecipitation followed by a deepsequencing approach (m5C-RIP-seq). LC-MS/MS and dot blot analyses reveal a dynamic pattern of m5C mRNA modification in various tissues and at different developmental stages. m5C-RIP-seq analysis identified 6045m5C peaks in 4465 expressed genes in young seedlings. m5C is enriched in coding sequences with two peaks located immediately after start codons and before stop codons, and is associated with mRNAs with low translation activity. Spatial change in m5C levels in different tissues
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additional information
transcripts are expressed at low levels in all tissues
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additional information
transcripts are expressed at low levels in cauline leaves, rosette leaves, roots and stems
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additional information
transcripts are expressed in cauline leaves, rosette leaves, roots, flowers, siliques and stems
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additional information
ubiquitous enzyme expression in tissues
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additional information
ubiquitous expression of isoyzme Ipk2beta
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additional information
ubiquitous expression of isozyme Ipk2alpha
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additional information
ubiquitous expression of isozyme mitHPPK/DHPS
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additional information
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ubiquitous expression of PHT1
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additional information
ubiquitous expression of subunits LCB1 and LCB2 in the plant
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additional information
ubiquitous expression of UK/UPRT
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additional information
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ubiquitous expression, highest in proliferating tissue
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additional information
ubiquitous tissue expression of the enzyme
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additional information
ubiquitously expressed in all organs examined
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additional information
UGT76C2 is activated rapidly in response to exogenously applied cytokinin. Analysis of CK glucosides formation during main developmental transition phases
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under normal conditions, kinases MKKK20, MKK3 and MPK20 are weakly expressed in all tissues
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additional information
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very low levels of trehalose in plant tissue
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additional information
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VPE isoforms are also found during stress response of plant organ, e.g. wounded leaves, the precursor enzyme is synthesized at membrane-bound polysomes in the cytoplasm
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additional information
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VTC2 gene is expressed in all deveopmental stages, and the mRNA is expressed at a higher level in green tissues than in the root. mRNA expression is strongly induced by exposing dark-grown seedlings to the light
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additional information
while AtTSB1 is the predominantly expressed isoform in vegetative tissues, AtTSB1 and AtTSBtype2 reach similar transcript levels in seeds, tissue-specific expression pattern, overview
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additional information
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wild-type enzyme expression begins in de-etiolation phase
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additional information
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XETs accumulates in expanding cells, at the sites of intercellular airspace, formation, and at the bases of leaves, cotyledons and hypocotyls, detailed localization
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additional information
XTH30 is highly expressed in the root, flower, stem, and etiolated hypocotyl. XTH30 accumulates at high levels in root, stem, and flower but at low levels in rosette leaves and cauline leaves, real-time PCR enzyme expression analysis, expression pattern, overview
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additional information
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young inflorescences
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Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
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isozyme AAT5
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isoforms FtsH 7 and 9 are localized in the chloroplast envelope membrane
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SEC2
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of chloroplast envelope membranes
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rhomboid proteases AtRBL8 and AtRBL9 in the chloroplast envelope affect the level of allene oxide synthase in Arabidopsis thaliana
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enzyme possesses a transmembrane domain
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cytoplasmic
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endoplasmic reticulum (ER) bodies in Arabidopsis thaliana contain large amounts of beta-glucosidases, and PYK10 is the most abundant beta-glucosidase in root ER bodies
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special proteinase-storage vesicle that contain the enzyme precursor, which is probably packed together with its storage-protein substrates
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hexamers of the FtsH proteases are localized near the Photosystem II complexes at the grana
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AtCOX19 isoforms are imported into mitochondria in vitro and are attached to the inner membrane facing the intermembrane space
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hydropathy blot analysis suggests 7 membrane-spanning domains
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in dividing cells of root apical meristem and leaf petiole epidermis, enzyme is enriched in mitotic spindles and phragmoplasts
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O23087, P25858, P92939, Q0WS47, Q39026, Q42560, Q56WJ4, Q8GWA2, Q8H1E2, Q8RXG3, Q8VZR0, Q9FMW8, Q9SY55, Q9XES1
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666575, 680726, 682315, 682326, 682393, 689409, 693166, 694677, 700734, 700805, 706178, 715617, 737013, 739249, 740818, 741202, 746110, 748487, 752259
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enzyme is secreted to the apoplast late in the differentiation of seed coat epidermal cells
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isozyme AtCKX4
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secreted isozymes
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O23447, O49298, O80722, O80803, O81030, O81893, P24806, P93046, Q5MFV6, Q5MFV8, Q84W55, Q84WM7, Q8GXA1, Q8L7Q7, Q9C5D7, Q9FI31, Q9FKL8, Q9FKL9, Q9LSP1, Q9LY18, Q9LY19, Q9LYD8, Q9M0D1, Q9M0D2, Q9SJL9, Q9SMY6
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654008, 661462, 666576, 681244, 681476, 682960, 694632, 694634, 699269, 700720, 706111, 715759, 728308, 730651, 732654, 736563, 737332, 744763, 751875, 751900, 754483, 755985, 758024, 758647, 759059, 763679
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along the cell wall, N-terminal 158 and 61 amino acids (revealed by confocal laser scanning microscopy)
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associated with the cell wall
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AtPME3 is a ubiquitous cell wall pectin methylesterase
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cell wall invertase, isozyme CWI
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gene PME34 encodes a plasma membrane-localized and cell wall deposited protein
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mature part of the protein
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plant cell wall and leaf cell wall
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secondary
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specific cell wall-bound isozyme
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A0A178U9Y5, A0A178WMD4, A0A1I9LPQ6, B3LF83, B9DFG3, B9DFX7, B9DGD6, F4I907, F4IFC5, F4JBY2, F4K2A1, O04130, O04196, O04499, O22229, O22241, O22265, O22527, O23141, O23346, O23404, O23653, O48741, O49196, O49485, O49562, O78310, O80437, O80860, O80983, O81020, O81770, O81852, O82390, O82392, P17597, P21218, P22953, P22954, P24704, P25697, P25856, P25857, P31166, P34790, P34791, P34802, P37107, P37271, P38418, P42043, P42738, P42770, P46310, P46312, P46416, P47999, P48622, P55228 and P55229, P55826, P92947, P92981, Q05431, Q0WS47, Q0WUA3, Q1ACB3, Q1ENB6, Q1H537, Q1PDW5, Q1PER6, Q24JL3, Q38814, Q38833, Q39102, Q39249, Q3ED65, Q42536, Q42563, Q42564, Q42592, Q42593, Q43127, Q43295, Q43870, Q500Y9, Q56WN1, Q56YN3, Q56ZN0, Q5E924, Q67ZM7, Q6NPM8, Q6NQK8, Q6XMI3, Q6ZY51, Q76FS5, Q7XJR2, Q7XZP5, Q84KJ5, Q84VV0, Q84WU8, Q84WW2, Q8GUQ8, Q8GWA2, Q8GXR9, Q8GY89, Q8GY91, Q8H1E2, Q8H965, Q8L493, Q8L633, Q8L735, Q8L785, Q8L7S8, Q8L7Y9, Q8L960, Q8LDU4, Q8LE52, Q8LEU3, Q8LEV7, Q8LG70, Q8LGU7, Q8S948, Q8VWJ1, Q8VYJ1, Q8VYL1, Q8VYN6, Q8VZI8, Q8VZR0, Q8W033, Q8W493, Q8W585, Q93YN0, Q93Z96, Q93ZA0, Q93ZB2, Q93ZC5, Q93ZN9, Q944B6, Q948R1, Q949P2, Q949Q0, Q949X0, Q949X7, Q94A82, Q94A94, Q94AA4, Q94AF2, Q94AM1, Q94AR8, Q94AR8 AND Q9LYT7, Q94AR8 AND Q9ZW84, Q94AR8 AND Q9ZW85, Q94B35, Q94B70, Q94F00, Q94F12, Q94FY7, Q94JM2, Q94JQ4, Q95Z42, Q96242, Q96255, Q96532, Q9C544, Q9C550, Q9C5J7, Q9C5W3, Q9C9P4, Q9C9W5, Q9CA90, Q9CAF2, Q9CAG3, Q9FFR3, Q9FGM0, Q9FH02, Q9FI53, Q9FIJ7, Q9FIK0, Q9FIM2, Q9FIN1, Q9FKG3, Q9FKW6, Q9FMW8, Q9FN52, Q9FNJ8, Q9FNX8, Q9FRL8, Q9FVC8, Q9FWA3, Q9FWR4, Q9FYC2, Q9FZ22, Q9LE33, Q9LFP0, Q9LIK9, Q9LMR3, Q9LMX8, Q9LNR3, Q9LPR4, Q9LPW0, Q9LR75, Q9LS01, Q9LS02, Q9LS03, Q9LSV0, Q9LT69, Q9LTX3, Q9LU10, Q9LXC9, Q9LY74, Q9LYT7, Q9LYU8, Q9LZ76, Q9M076, Q9M0F9, Q9M336, Q9M7I7, Q9M9K1, Q9M9V6, Q9MAC9, Q9MAQ0, Q9MBA1, Q9S702, Q9S795, Q9S7D1, Q9S7E4, Q9S7H4, Q9S7H8, Q9S7I0, Q9S816, Q9SA18, Q9SA96, Q9SAC6, Q9SAJ3, Q9SAJ6, Q9SAK2, Q9SB00, Q9SCL7, Q9SD67, Q9SEL7, Q9SGD6, Q9SH69, Q9SHP0, Q9SI64, Q9SJ89, Q9SN86, Q9SR43, Q9SRQ6, Q9SRQ7, Q9SSE7, Q9STG9, Q9STS1, Q9STV0, Q9SU38, Q9SUW2, Q9SYG7, Q9SZ30, Q9XFS9, Q9XI55, Q9XI84, Q9ZNZ7, Q9ZUC1, Q9ZUY3, Q9ZW84, Q9ZW85
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1434, 33302, 37627, 137557, 286676, 393242, 393364, 393809, 437767, 438417, 485090, 486233, 486766, 486775, 489001, 637364, 638170, 641230, 643714, 645565, 645618, 649483, 649814, 651848, 651855, 652115, 652259, 653189, 653455, 653458, 653534, 653550, 653665, 656414, 656980, 657018, 657038, 657084, 660147, 662432, 662456, 662941, 663027, 663082, 663090, 663097, 663106, 663144, 663178, 663234, 663262, 664564, 664954, 665692, 667527, 667844, 668202, 668340, 670497, 670542, 670563, 670564, 670570, 670580, 670582, 671354, 671621, 673587, 673641, 673683, 674751, 674784, 674841, 676334, 676527, 676612, 676616, 676619, 676632, 676718, 676894, 676898, 679764, 681140, 682325, 682383, 682390, 682419, 682951, 683977, 686752, 688395, 689530, 689539, 689552, 689772, 689784, 691390, 691980, 692293, 693166, 694615, 694671, 694673, 694676, 694715, 694717, 694718, 694724, 696602, 700309, 700728, 700740, 700758, 700807, 700808, 700815, 700836, 701227, 702066, 702147, 702531, 703859, 704862, 705818, 706224, 706226, 706237, 706255, 706311, 710266, 710283, 710310, 710319, 712609, 712664, 713211, 713269, 713279, 713307, 713314, 713568, 714680, 714783, 716520, 716544, 716732, 716741, 716773, 716914, 718153, 718212, 720025, 720678, 720686, 720741, 720747, 721023, 723057, 723424, 723426, 723477, 723657, 724441, 725462, 726153, 726198, 726219, 726225, 726639, 727119, 727854, 728053, 728205, 728216, 728471, 728505, 728506, 728528, 728708, 728886, 728980, 729160, 729429, 729977, 730041, 730568, 730635, 730853, 731062, 732020, 732130, 732648, 732649, 732655, 733246, 733398, 733407, 733589, 733864, 734011, 734120, 734153, 734178, 734384, 734854, 734898, 734902, 734906, 734907, 734908, 734910, 734914, 734944, 734962, 735051, 736154, 736892, 736949, 736975, 736993, 736994, 737013, 737027, 737029, 737745, 738013, 738299, 738591, 738608, 738614, 739181, 739184, 739249, 739259, 739293, 739296, 739297, 739311, 739354, 739356, 739367, 739376, 739389, 740682, 740907, 741106, 741157, 741171, 741177, 741197, 741200, 741861, 741986, 742122, 742513, 742598, 742996, 743157, 743316, 743317, 743496, 743542, 743561, 743598, 744238, 744281, 744904, 744913, 745118, 745278, 745837, 745997, 746030, 746031, 746072, 746083, 746105, 746106, 746111, 746115, 746117, 746246, 746296, 746311, 746986, 747030, 747032, 747432, 747754, 747870, 747876, 748178, 748329, 748705, 748910, 748944, 748946, 748950, 748983, 748993, 749014, 749043, 749090, 749375, 749384, 750664, 751843, 751874, 751880, 752034, 752259, 753102, 754914, 755257, 756167, 756821, 756892, 757153, 757161, 757189, 757705, 757709, 757986, 758014, 758043, 758371, 758387, 758509, 759194, 759259, 759267, 759272, 759275, 759278, 759283, 759568, 759731, 759906, 759963, 759993, 760346, 761320, 761625, 762113, 762285, 762295, 762710, 762849, 763268, 763563, 763565, 763584, 763728, 764916, 765155, 765161, 765572, 765577, 765589, 765592, 765593, 765600, 765624, 765656, 765730
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a single gene of chloroplast origin codes for mitochondrial and chloroplastic isozyme, possessing a targeting signal sequence with dual function
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ABAR spans the chloroplast envelope with its N- and C-termini exposed to cytosol
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ADT1 localizes to stroma and to areas seemingly close to the chloroplast just outside of the autofluorescence signal generated by chlorophyll. CFP-tagged ADT1-ADT5 localize to stroma and to areas seemingly close to the chloroplast just outside of the autofluorescence signal generated by chlorophyll. They often appear either in thread-like structures (e.g. the arrow in ADT2) or globular structures (e.g. the arrows in ADT4). The CFP-ADT6 pattern is distinctly different, showing a cytosolic distribution
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ADT2 localizes to stroma and to areas seemingly close to the chloroplast just outside of the autofluorescence signal generated by chlorophyll. CFP-tagged ADT1-ADT5 localize to stroma and to areas seemingly close to the chloroplast just outside of the autofluorescence signal generated by chlorophyll. They often appear either in thread-like structures (e.g. the arrow in ADT2) or globular structures (e.g. the arrows in ADT4). The CFP-ADT6 pattern is distinctly different, showing a cytosolic distribution. ADT2 forms structures consistent with chloroplast division rings. In addition, ADT2 accumulates in a spindle-like shape that tapers at chloroplast poles. This fusiform ADT2 accumulation is only found at one pole of the chloroplast and is distinct from a stromule pattern
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ADT3 localizes to stroma and to areas seemingly close to the chloroplast just outside of the autofluorescence signal generated by chlorophyll. CFP-tagged ADT1-ADT5 localize to stroma and to areas seemingly close to the chloroplast just outside of the autofluorescence signal generated by chlorophyll. They often appear either in thread-like structures (e.g. the arrow in ADT2) or globular structures (e.g. the arrows in ADT4). The CFP-ADT6 pattern is distinctly different, showing a cytosolic distribution
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ADT4 localizes to stroma and to areas seemingly close to the chloroplast just outside of the autofluorescence signal generated by chlorophyll. CFP-tagged ADT1-ADT5 localize to stroma and to areas seemingly close to the chloroplast just outside of the autofluorescence signal generated by chlorophyll. They often appear either in thread-like structures (e.g. the arrow in ADT2) or globular structures (e.g. the arrows in ADT4). The CFP-ADT6 pattern is distinctly different, showing a cytosolic distribution
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ADT5 localizes to stroma and to areas seemingly close to the chloroplast just outside of the autofluorescence signal generated by chlorophyll. CFP-tagged ADT1-ADT5 localize to stroma and to areas seemingly close to the chloroplast just outside of the autofluorescence signal generated by chlorophyll. They often appear either in thread-like structures (e.g. the arrow in ADT2) or globular structures (e.g. the arrows in ADT4). The CFP-ADT6 pattern is distinctly different, showing a cytosolic distribution
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an N-terminal peptide, which is subsequently removed, is required to direct the protein to chloroplasts in plants
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Arabidopsis thaliana has isozymes with N'-terminal extensions typical of plastid-transit-peptides
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Arabidopsis thaliana has isozymes with N-terminal extensions typical of plastid-transit-peptides
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At-SPS2 is transported into chloroplasts
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AtALDH10A8 is cytosolic, although the N-terminal 140 amino acid sequence of AtALDH10A8 localizes to the plastid and to the leucoplast
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AtDHAR3 contains an N-terminal extension and is chloroplastic, with no evidence for mitochondrial localization
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AtFN3K contains a chloroplast signal peptide N terminus of the kinase domain
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AtRCCR import is inhibited when the protein is missing 40 amino acids at the N-terminus
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AtSHMT3
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BAM-1, BAM-2, BAM-3, BAM-4
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betaCA1 and betaCA5 are targeted to the chloroplast
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bienzyme complex
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C3 chloroplasts
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chloroplast envelope
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chloroplast envelope inner membrane
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chloroplast SRP
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chloroplast stroma
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chloroplast thylakoid lumen
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chloroplastidic isoenzyme DS-Mn
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chloroplasts contain a signal recognition particle that lacks RNA but contains a conserved 54000 Da GTPase and a novel 43000 Da subunit
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cpHsc70-1 and cpHsc70-2 are highly conserved proteins, imported into chloroplasts, analyzed by fluorescence microscopy
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DHS1 and DHS2
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envelope inner membrane
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envelope inner membrane, the N-terminal 56 amino acid residues contain a transit peptide sequence
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Q0WLU3
envelope membrane
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enzyme and outer envelope solute-channel protein of 16 kDa are dispensable for chloroplast biogenesis and play no central role in the import of pre-protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase A in vivo and in vitro
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enzyme AtFAR2 is targeted to chloroplasts
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enzyme contains chloroplast transit signals at the N-terminus, 2'-phosphotransferase are not required for classical tRNA splicing in chloroplast, it has an alternative function
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enzyme is targeted to the outer chloroplast envelope
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exclusive localization in chloroplasts, UROS has an N-terminal extension acting as a targeting sequence for import of the precursor protein of 34 kD into chloroplasts, followed by processing to the mature size of 29 kDa
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FNR occurs in stroma, at the inner envelope membrane, and bound to thylakoid membranes. Tic62 and TROL complexes are responsible for the major part of the thylakoid-bound pool of FNR
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FtsH comprises 12 members (AtFtsH1-AtFtsH12) including three pairs of closely related genes that are targeted to chloroplasts (AtFtsH2 and AtFtsH8, AtFtsH1 and AtFtsH5, AtFtsH7 and AtFtsH9)
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FtsH is encoded by a family of 12 genes. Four of them, FtsH1, 2, 5, and 8 are found in chloroplast. Mutations in two of these, FTsH2 and 5, demonstrate a visible phenotype of variegated leaves, with the phenotype of the FtsH2 mutant being more pronounced
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FtsH2 and FtsH8, FtsH11 and FtsH5, FtsH7 and FtsH9 are closely related pairs. FtsH2 is the most abundant FtsH protein in chloroplast, followed by FtsH5. FtsH2 mutant has the most severe variegation and sensitivity to photoinhibition. The FtsH5 mutant shows similar, although much less pronounced, defects. FtsH8 and FtsH1 mutants behave like wild type plants. The overexpression of FtsH8 complements the FtsH2 mutant, and overexpression of FtsH1 complements the FtsH5 mutant. Thus, the genes within these closely related pairs are fully redundant
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gene var2 expression influences the chloroplast structure
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GFP-tagged CK2 alpha4 localizes to the chloroplast in transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings, consistent with the presence of a chloroplast localization signal at the N-terminus of CK2 alpha4 subunit. Subunit CK2 alpha4 also contains the internal conserved nuclear localization signal, NLS
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GGPS1 is the major plastid-localized geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase isozyme in Arabidopsis thaliana
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GR2
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granule like structures inside the choloplast
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guard cells in the epidermis
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HY1, HO3, and HO4 are present as the processed mature protein in the plastid compartment
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import assays with purified pea (Pisum sativum) chloroplasts and mitochondria
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in chloroplasts, Hsp93 can form part of the Clp protease complex (in a second role, additional to that in preprotein import), which recognizes and unfolds substrate proteins that are destined for degradation. Interaction of Hsp93 with the proteolytic ClpP core is ATP dependent
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in leaves
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in presence of light, level of protein disulfide isomerase protein decreases by 80%. The effect of chemical treatments coincides with the effect of the light/dark cycle
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in stroma of chloroplasts, not in thylakoid membrane and thylakoid lumen the ROC4 protein is imported into chloroplasts where it is processed to the predicted mature size
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in the chloroplast, the precursor is processed by the removal of an N-terminal transit peptide which is around 60 residues in length
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inner envelope membrane of chloroplasts
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intrinsic in inner envelope and thylakoid membrane
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is evenly distributed in the envelope and thylakoids of developing chloroplasts in meristems, whereas it is mainly located in thylakoids of developed chloroplasts in leaf mesophyll
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isoform GapA-1
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isoform GapB
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isoform GR2
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isoform NADK2
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isoform Nfs2
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isoform Plsp1 is the main thylakoidal processing peptidase in Arabidopsis thaliana
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isoform RBL9
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isoforms AMK2 and AMK5
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isoforms FtsH1, 2, 5-9, 11 and 12
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isoforms PIMT2 TISIalphapsi and PIMT2 TISIalphaomega are predominately present in the chloroplasts, isoform PIMT2 TISIbetapsi is not observed in the chloroplast
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isozyme ATPS2 is dually encoded in plastidic and cytosolic forms, where translational initiation at AUGMet1 and AUGMet52 or AUGMet58 produce ATPS2 in plastid and cytosol, respectively
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isozyme AtRIBA1
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isozyme FNRI is targeted to the chloroplasts. The two chloroplast proteins, Tic62 and TROL, form high molecular weight protein complexes with FNR at the thylakoid membrane, and thus seem to act as the long-sought molecular anchors of FNR to the thylakoid membrane, overview
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isozyme FNRII is targeted to the chloroplasts. The two chloroplast proteins, Tic62 and TROL, form high molecular weight protein complexes with FNR at the thylakoid membrane, and thus seem to act as the long-sought molecular anchors of FNR to the thylakoid membrane, overview
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isozyme FPGS1
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isozyme GLYR2
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isozyme GlyRS2
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isozyme NADP-ME4
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isozyme NDPK2 is localized in the stroma, no NDPK3 in the chloroplasts
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isozyme OAS-TL B
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-
isozyme Plsp1
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isozyme PMSRA3
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isozyme PMSRA4
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isozyme ProRS-Org
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isozyme PSAT1 has a truncated 71-residue-long chloroplast targeting signal peptide
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isozyme SAT-p, stroma
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isozymes GSTF and GSTL
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localization is suggested by an in vitro chloroplast import assay
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localized predominantly in the thylakoid membrane and stroma, while only a small fraction is bound by the envelope membrane
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-
lon4
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lumen of thylakoid, enzyme isoforms AtCYP20-2 and AtFKBP13. In thiol-reducing conditions, enzyme activity of AtFKBP13 is suppressed severalfold
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mainly
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-
membrane
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-
MGD1 is located in the intermembrane space between the outer and the inner envelope and appears to at least partly cross the inner envelope
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mutant fusion enzyme signal patterns in chloroplasts, fusion enzyme signal only in vacuolated chloroplasts (abnormally developed, no organized thylakoid membranes and chlorophylls) within variegated leaf sectors (group IV mutants - defect in chloroplast development)
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NDPK2 is exclusively targeted to chloroplasts
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NDPK3 is localized to chloroplast
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-
of transgenic Arabidopsis and tobacco plants
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-
omega-6 fatty acid desaturase fad6
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-
one copper chaperone gene for superoxide dismutase is responsible for the activation of cytosolic, peroxisomal and chloroplast enzyme
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-
only LACS9 resides in the plastid, the site of de novo fatty acid synthesis
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outer chloroplast envelope membrane
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outer membrane
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-
outer side of envolepe membrane, Dgd2, plus a third enzymic activity
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PAA1 functions in copper transport over the envelope membrame, required for copper delivery to plastocyanin
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PAA2 functions in copper transport over the thylakoid membrame, required for copper delivery to plastocyanin
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-
peroxiredoxin Q represents about 0.3% of chloroplast proteins. It attaches to the thylakoid membrane and is detected in preparations enriched in photosystem II complexes
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PGP1
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plastid-localized isozyme AtGDPD1
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plastid-targeted isozyme CT-BAMY, contains a plastid transit peptide
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plastid-targeted isozyme TR-BAMY, contains a plastid transit peptide of 41 amino acids
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plastidial glycolytic isoform 2 of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, GAPCp2
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plastidial isozyme PMSR4, soluble fraction
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plastidial transit peptide of 25 amino acids, and fluoresence studies using GPF-fusion protein, accession Wassilewskija
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plastidic isozyme pPMSR
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plastidic isozymes MsrB1 and MsrB2, analysis of subcellular localization
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plastoglobules
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presence of different heterodimeric IPMIs in chloroplasts with distinct substrate specificities for Leu or glucosinolate metabolism
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presence of different heterodimeric IPMIs in chloroplasts with distinct substrate specificities for Leu or glucosinolate metabolism. Import of the IPMI small subunit 2:GFP fusion protein into chloroplasts
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PRORP1
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protein contains a probable chloroplast targeting sequence of 31 amino acids
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-
putative
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RCCR participates in chlorophyll breakdown inside the chloroplast
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residues 1-22 of AtSrx are predicted as a chloroplast-targeting transit peptide
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senescent
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sequence contains chloroplast transit peptide
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soluble fraction
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soluble in stromal fraction
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soluble protein
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spatial organization of 5-aminolevulinic acid formation in chloroplasts. The majority of a glutamyl-tRNA reductase (GluTR) and glutamate-1 semialdehyde aminotransferase (GSAT) protein complex is located in the stroma and forms delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) starting with glutamyltRNAGlu, while a minor part of the active protein complex is attached to the thylakoid membrane via a GluTR-binding protein (GluTRBP)
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splice variant SOS4.1 (but not SOS4.2) is localized in chloroplasts
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Srx possesses a chloroplast transit peptide in the N-terminus
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stroma
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stroma and lumen
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stroma of mesophyll cell chloroplasts
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stroma, constitutive enzyme, the N-terminal 39-amino-acid stretch of RCCR is predicted to be the chloroplast transit peptide
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stromal ascorbate peroxidase is particularly important for photoprotection during the early greening process. In mature leaves, thylakoid-bound enzyme and stromal enzyme are functionally redundant, and crucial upon sudden onset of oxidative stress. The chloroplast ascorbate peroxidases contribute to chloroplast retrograde signalling pathways upon slight fluctuations in the accumulation of H2O2 in chloroplasts
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stromal enzyme is particularly important for photoprotection during the early greening process. In mature leaves, thylakoid-bound enzyme and stromal enzyme are functionally redundant, and crucial upon sudden onset of oxidative stress. The chloroplast ascorbate peroxidases contribute to chloroplast retrograde signalling pathways upon slight fluctuations in the accumulation of H2O2 in chloroplasts
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the Arabidopsis Twinkle homologue enzyme is dual targeted to mitochondria and chloroplasts
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the chloroplast signal recognition particle (cpSRP) is a heterodimer composed of an evolutionarily conserved 54-kDa GTPase (cpSRP54) and a unique 43-kDa subunit (cpSRP43) responsible for delivering light harvesting chlorophyll binding protein to the thylakoid membrane
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the chloroplastic form accumulates in both mesophyll and veinal cells
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the enzyme contains a chloroplast transit peptide of 60 residues at the N-terminus
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the enzyme contains a putative chloroplast transit peptide with a cleavage site between amino acids 59-60
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-
the enzyme contains a transit peptide
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the enzyme contains a transit peptide-like sequence at the N-terminus
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the enzyme contains an N-terminal chloroplast transit peptide
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the enzyme harbors a transit peptide of 80 amino acids at the N-terminus
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the enzyme has a predicted plastidial targeting peptide
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the enzyme has an N-terminal plastid-targeting sequence
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the enzyme is synthesized as a higher MW precursor and then imported into chloroplasts and processed into the mature form
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the GLN2 gene product functions in both leaf mitochondria and chloroplasts to faciliate ammonium recovery during photorespiration
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the homolog of cyanobacterial LPP, isozyme LPPepsilon1, is localized to chloroplasts and contains a plastidic transit peptide
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the homolog of cyanobacterial LPP, isozyme LPPepsilon2, is localized to chloroplasts and contains a plastidic transit peptide
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the homolog of cyanobacterial LPP, isozyme LPPgamma, is localized to chloroplasts and contains a plastidic transit peptide
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thylakoid
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thylakoid and envelope membranes, not in the stroma
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thylakoid lumen
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thylakoid membrane
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-
thylakoid membrane, FtsH2 is the most abundant isomer, followed by FtsH5, FtsH8 and 1. Arabidopsis thalaina contains 12 genes encoding FtsH proteins, nine of them can be targeted to chloroplast, the other three are mitochondrial
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thylakoid-bound
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trageting sequence on the N-terminal extension
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-
transient expression of fusion proteins of AtFAR6 and yellow fluorescent protein in Nicotiana sp. leaves show that AtFAR6 is chloroplast-localized
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with plastid TPI isozyme
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-
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-
dual localization in chloroplast envelope membranes as well as in thylakoids
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enzymes FAD8 and FAD7 might be located in close vicinity in the envelope membrane
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inner membrane of the chloroplast envelope
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isoform Clo-3
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isozyme MGD1 in the inner envelope
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isozyme MGD2 in the outer envelope
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isozyme MGD3 in the outer envelope
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mutant deficient of isoenzyme mgd1 shows abnormal chloroplast development and galactolipid deficiency
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PaO is localized in the chloroplast inner envelope
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plastidic isozyme, associated with the chloroplast envelope
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rhomboid proteases AtRBL8 and AtRBL9 in the chloroplast envelope affect the level of allene oxide synthase in Arabidopsis thaliana
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the expression of AtGWD2 is in a relatively late stage of plant development
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-
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membrane-associated
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N-terminal 39 amino acids are essential for chloroplast localization of the enzyme
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F4K5T2, O48870, O92261, Q42592, Q42593, Q43727, Q84LM4, Q8VYJ1, Q8W493, Q94AF2, Q9FKW6, Q9SWG0, Q9ZNZ7
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651807, 664380, 666557, 670503, 694676, 694708, 697951, 700751, 716493, 720304, 730645, 732074, 743815, 748172, 763566, 763567, 765572
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associated to the membrane channel of the inner envelope membrane, at the stromal side
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-
co-localization with thioredoxin m-type, Trx_m2
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CYP20-3
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isoform DEG2 only
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Plsp1 accumulates as a stromal intermediate before ATP hydrolysis-dependent membrane association
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predicted
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-
SQDG1 is a soluble plastid UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase
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UGP3 is a soluble plastid UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase converts glucose-1-phosphate to UDP-glucose in the stroma
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YFP-fusion proteins of cpHsc70-1 and cpHsc70-2 are predominantly stromal, analyzed by fluorescence microscopy
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C4PW05, F4I7I0, F4K172, O23404, P13114, P32961, P42745, P49040, P93736, Q00917, Q05762, Q05763, Q24JL3, Q39242, Q39243, Q8GWT4, Q8GYL3, Q8RY79, Q94F30, Q9AR07, Q9AV97, Q9C969, Q9C9C9, Q9FGY9, Q9FIZ7, Q9FWR4, Q9FYG4, Q9FZ80, Q9LDV4, Q9LR03, Q9LTX3, Q9M332, Q9M9S1, Q9SJM7, Q9SK82, Q9SMT7, Q9SR15, Q9SVX6, Q9T003
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135416, 645565, 645945, 658755, 659602, 660359, 661715, 673963, 674580, 675344, 676516, 682190, 682393, 685412, 689461, 689535, 689627, 689668, 690063, 694755, 694816, 701656, 703710, 706230, 710272, 715523, 716561, 718246, 718978, 723426, 723507, 726169, 727579, 728474, 728491, 728528, 730603, 730648, 732661, 734548, 734549, 734942, 735156, 736600, 739141, 739457, 741149, 741160, 742479, 743598, 745000, 746265, 746452, 752724, 754027, 757335, 757913, 759921, 760009, 763570, 765575
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both cytoplasmic and plastidial localization. The N-(4-oxoglutaryl)-L-cysteinylglycine repair system is directed to at least two cellular compartments (cytoplasm, plastid) via the use of alternative translation start sites
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BTPC localizes in vegetative cell cytoplasm
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CDKC2 associates with the cortical microtubules in cytoplasm
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cholesterogenic isoform
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cytoplasmic localization in root cap cells and in cells of the root transition zone as well as in aerial parts of the plant. PLD is associated with both microtubules and clathrin-coated vesicles and pits
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cytosol
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DCP1 and the interacting proteins, DCP2, and VCS colocalize in cytoplasmic foci
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dynamically associated with cytoplasmic strands
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-
farnesylated protein
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forming granular precipitates
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-
Gpp2
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in the interphase and mitosis
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-
isoforms Atbcat-4, Atbcat-6
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-
isozyme AtCKX7
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isozyme PPa4
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-
LPAAT2
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-
nitrilase I
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-
predominantly, PARN lacks NLS motifs
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-
root plasma membrane SO42- transporter SULTR1,2 physically interacts with the enzyme. The domain of SULTR1,2 important for association with enzyme is called the STAS domain, located at the C-terminus of the transporter and extending from the plasma membrane into the cytoplasm. The binding of enzyme to the STAS domain negatively impacts transporter activity. In contrast, the activity of purified enzyme measured in vitro is enhanced by co-incubation with the STAS domain of SULTR1,2 but not with the analogous domain of the SO42- transporter isoform SULTR1,1. The observations suggest a regulatory model in which interactions between SULTR1,2 and enzyme coordinate internalization of SO42- with the energetic/metabolic state of plant root cells
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the hybrid histidine kinase is localized in both the cytoplasm and the plasma membrane
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the subcellular localization of RNR2 is primarily nuclear in meristematic regions, and cytoplasmic in adult cells. RNR2 is constitutively nuclear in csn7 mutant seedlings
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TrZS1
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A0A178UZG1, A0A178WMD4, A0A1I9LPQ6, A0A1I9LRU1, A4FVP2, F4I907, F4IV16, F4K7D6, O22666, O22765, O23141, O23179, O23180, O23181, O23461, O48723, O49284, O49562, O64642, O78310, O80959, O81020, P0CJ43, P22953, P22954, P24704, P25858, P28769 AND Q940P8 AND Q84WV1 AND Q9LV21 AND O04450 AND Q9M888 AND Q9SF16 AND Q94K05, P31166, P34795, P35510, P39207, P42738, P45724, P45725, P46416, P47998, P48491, P52839, P54873, P92947, P93033, Q05431, Q1ENB6, Q1PDI2, Q1PER6, Q1WIQ6, Q38929, Q38970, Q39172, Q42553, Q42563, Q42564, Q42592, Q42593, Q42605, Q43127, Q43727, Q43870, Q500Y9, Q56WJ4, Q56WN1, Q56YN3, Q67Y55, Q7XZP5, Q84WW2, Q8GW43, Q8GY91, Q8H133, Q8H151, Q8H183, Q8H191, Q8H1F7, Q8H965, Q8L5A7, Q8L743, Q8L7Y9, Q8L850, Q8LCE1, Q8LDN8, Q8LE52, Q8LEV7, Q8LG70, Q8RXD9, Q8S8N6, Q8VYN6, Q8VZC0, Q8W033, Q93YN9, Q93ZF6, Q93ZQ3, Q93ZW0, Q949P2, Q94AA4, Q94AF2, Q94AM1, Q94BT0, Q96533, Q9C524, Q9C544, Q9C5J7, Q9C5W3, Q9C7W7, Q9C9C9, Q9C9D0, Q9C9W5, Q9CA90, Q9FFR3, Q9FI53, Q9FIE8, Q9FIK0, Q9FIN1, Q9FIY1, Q9FJI5, Q9FKG3, Q9FLH8, Q9FMD9, Q9FN30, Q9FNA2, Q9FRL8, Q9FWA3, Q9FWR4, Q9FX54, Q9FY99, Q9FZ62, Q9LE06, Q9LE33, Q9LFG7, Q9LFP0, Q9LFW1, Q9LK23, Q9LMX8, Q9LPM9, Q9LSV0, Q9LTR9, Q9LVI8, Q9LYG3, Q9LYT1, Q9LZI2, Q9M076, Q9M0A5, Q9M0A7, Q9M0F9, Q9M1W4, Q9MAC9, Q9S7H4, Q9S816, Q9SAC6, Q9SD76, Q9SDL7, Q9SH69, Q9SI64, Q9SIE1, Q9SKX5, Q9SMZ4, Q9SN58, Q9SN95, Q9SRQ6, Q9SRQ7, Q9SRT9, Q9SRZ6, Q9SS04, Q9SS45, Q9STV0, Q9SU14, Q9SU38, Q9SU79, Q9SUW2, Q9SV43, Q9SYG7, Q9T0A7, Q9XGZ0, Q9ZU38, Q9ZUY3, Q9ZV36
-
3561, 134179, 286649, 286676, 392368, 394932, 396550, 441387, 485607, 485615, 486775, 487773, 489612, 637364, 637379, 638170, 652575, 653532, 653665, 656085, 656980, 660133, 660253, 661459, 661736, 662199, 663054, 663086, 663181, 663275, 664564, 664757, 666557, 669355, 670546, 673683, 674784, 676421, 676432, 676511, 676550, 676560, 676580, 676616, 676621, 676771, 682402, 682514, 687741, 688090, 689409, 689463, 689475, 692049, 692050, 693417, 693498, 694638, 694671, 694673, 694816, 697911, 698848, 700487, 700488, 700811, 701432, 701501, 702141, 702437, 703847, 706109, 706178, 706208, 706242, 710266, 711583, 713334, 714099, 714360, 716358, 716542, 716597, 716773, 720775, 721779, 722737, 723782, 723919, 724236, 724440, 726114, 726146, 726233, 728201, 728205, 728528, 730599, 730607, 730853, 731009, 731868, 732653, 733398, 734892, 734914, 734955, 734957, 736978, 736996, 737045, 737745, 738299, 739189, 739274, 739303, 739312, 739329, 739544, 741159, 742116, 742174, 742594, 742600, 742825, 742992, 742993, 743443, 743446, 744281, 745466, 745626, 746115, 746986, 747032, 747749, 747871, 748178, 748704, 748999, 749141, 749858, 751225, 751276, 751860, 756976, 757821, 759273, 759283, 759915, 759961, 760279, 760361, 760362, 760536, 761180, 761181, 761183, 761625, 761738, 762024, 762113, 762176, 762180, 762438, 762617, 762970, 763054, 763097, 763104, 763559, 763584, 763597, 763605, 763728, 764787, 765156, 765574, 765592, 765593, 765596, 765624, 765656
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after expression in Nicotiana tabacum leaves
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-
At-AER protein fused with the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein localizes in cytosol and the nucleus in Bright-Yellow 2 cells of tobacco
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AtALDH10A8 is cytosolic, although the N-terminal 140 amino acid sequence of AtALDH10A8 localizes to the plastid and to the leucoplast
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AtSAT1 protein lacks a transit peptide
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-
betaCA2 and betaCA3 are targeted to the cytosol
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-
CCD1
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cholesterogenic isoform
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cytosolic isozyme
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cytosolic isozyme PMsrA1
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cytosolic SATase Serat1,1
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-
cytosolic SRP
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determination of five cytosol-localized pyruvate kinases, out of the fourteen putative pyruvate kinase genes encoded by the Arabidopsis thaliana genome, expression analysis, overview
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-
determined by producing constructs between enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) at the N-terminus and the AtECI proteins at the C-terminus. The localization of EYFP-AtECI1 and EYFP-AtECI2 indicate that AtECI1 and AtECI2 are peroxisomal proteins. The EYFP-AtECI3 construct results in diffuse fluorescence throughout the cytosol and nucleus, indicating the absence of peroxisomal targeting. AtECI1, AtECI2, and AtECI3 show high overall homology to peroximal mammalian isomerases, but have only one coserved glutamate reisdue in an position similar to that in the mitochondrial isoemrases
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-
enzyme precursor
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-
G6PD5 and G6PD6
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GLYR1 is exclusively located in the cytosol
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-
GR1
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HPR2
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in silico localization analysis
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-
isoform A
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isoform A/N-InvG
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-
isoform ALDH3H1
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-
isoform APK3
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-
isoform GadC-1
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isoform GLYR1
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-
isoform GR1
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-
isoform NADK1
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-
isoform NSH2
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-
isoform OAS-TL A
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-
isoform PGD1, PGD2, and PGD3
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-
isoform RFA1
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-
isoforms Aco1, Aco2, Aco3. Cytosolic aconitase is not converted into an iron-responsive element and does not regulate iron homeostasis
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isoforms AMK3 and AMK4
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-
isoforms PGM2 and PGM3
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isozyme AACT2
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-
isozyme AAT2
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isozyme AtCKX7
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isozyme ATPS2 is dually encoded in plastidic and cytosolic forms, where translational initiation at AUGMet1 and AUGMet52 or AUGMet58 produce ATPS2 in plastid and cytosol, respectively
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-
isozyme cICDH
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isozyme cytHPPK/DHPS lacking a potential transit peptide
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-
isozyme GLYR1
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isozyme GlyRS1, active
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isozyme OAS-TL A
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isozyme PMSRA2
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-
isozyme ProRS-Cyt
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-
isozyme SAT-c
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-
isozymes GSTF, GSTU, GSTZ, and GSTL
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-
isozymes NADP-ME1-3
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-
isozymes OPR1 and OPR2
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isozymes TPK1 and TPK2
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-
it is possible that Arabidopsis P1-ZCr functions as a quinone reductase in vivo. Possible substrate quinones are not abundant in the cytosol, but under severe stress the quinones might be liberated from the cell compartments where they are normally sequestered, as exemplified by the release of polyphenols from vacuoles and polyphenol oxidase from thylakoid lumen upon the disruption of cells. Quinone reduction would not lead to the radical chain reaction, because superoxide dismutase is ubiquitous in cells
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-
lack of targeting sequence in LKR-SDH gene implies localization in cytosol
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-
localisation of isoform with translational start at ATG3 (Met69), lacking N-terminal 68 residues
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loss of GPDHc1 affects mitochondrial respiration, particularly through a diminished capacity of the alternative oxidase respiration pathway
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low activity
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LPAT1
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LPAT3
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LPAT4
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LPAT5
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mainly
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more than 90% of ACO3 activity is cytosolic. An iron-sulfur centre assembly mutant atm3-1 shows reduced cytosolic ACO activity
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-
NADP-malic enzyme 2
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-
one copper chaperone gene for superoxide dismutase is responsible for the activation of cytosolic, peroxisomal and chloroplast enzyme
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predominant localization of NDPK1 in cytosol
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-
putative
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-
recombinant fusion protein with Yellow Fluorescent Protein
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SERAT1.1
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A0NAB2
shorter isoform
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soluble cytoplasmic enzyme
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the CFP-ADT6 pattern shows a cytosolic distribution
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-
the cytosolic enzyme is 20fold less active than the membrane-associated enzyme
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-
the cytosolic isoform accumulates preferentially in the veins
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the potential N-terminal part of ARA1 is targeting the protein to specific cellular compartment. The 50 amino acid part of ARA1 is localized in the cytosol and not redirecting ARA1 into organelles
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-
the subcellular localization of LIP1 is not significantly affected by light
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USP1 and USP2, differential centrifugation and Western blot
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A4GNA8, B3DN87, F4HTM3, F4KAK5, O04928, O23051, O23179, O23180, O23181, O48723, O49284, O49434, O49639, O64425, O80437, O80458, O80612, O80685, O80959, O82244, P46313, P48623, P92939, P93030, Q0WQK2, Q1PDI2, Q1PE48, Q39085, Q3EBC2, Q3EC11, Q500Z2, Q52T38, Q5M757, Q5XF03, Q6DR03, Q6NQA8, Q76FS5, Q7XA86, Q84V22, Q8GUK7, Q8GWG0, Q8GXV5, Q8H133, Q8H1D8, Q8L518, Q8L5Y5, Q8RX88, Q8S948, Q8VXY9, Q8VYP5, Q8VYS8, Q93VV0, Q93Y37, Q93ZQ3, Q93ZR6, Q94A03, Q94C49, Q9C533, Q9C5Y2, Q9CAH5, Q9CAY3, Q9FFN7, Q9FIY1, Q9FJV8, Q9FLM3, Q9FMV7, Q9FZ22, Q9LHS7, Q9LIE4, Q9LIH7, Q9LIS1, Q9LMM0, Q9M001, Q9M115, Q9M1K5, Q9M2U2, Q9M306, Q9M9H6, Q9SB58, Q9SE50, Q9SHJ5, Q9SI62, Q9SMP5, Q9SPM5, Q9SQG2, Q9SV43, Q9SVM9, Q9SYJ2, Q9SZ92, Q9XI62, Q9ZUX1
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638978, 646158, 660147, 682320, 682423, 682951, 689608, 689634, 700827, 702920, 706197, 708074, 708254, 708617, 710271, 710284, 713233, 716535, 718460, 720512, 720671, 720754, 723410, 726166, 728308, 728591, 730614, 732019, 732908, 734139, 734179, 734739, 734901, 734912, 734940, 734987, 737030, 737036, 738591, 739259, 739305, 740350, 742863, 746028, 746078, 746241, 747122, 747429, 748323, 748929, 748976, 751841, 751860, 755996, 757543, 759809, 759857, 761129, 762019, 762127
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abscisate generated by AtBG1 in the endoplasmic reticulum is secreted from cells into the apoplastic space of the leaf where it may play a role in initiation of ABA signaling
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after heterologous expression in yeast
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and derived structures, e.g. endoplasmic reticulum-derived bodies
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At-SPS1
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CLH is located in the endoplasmic reticulum and the tonoplast of intact plant cells
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differential permeabilization experiments indicate that their N- and C-termini are oriented towards the cytosol. GPAT8 possesses a divergent type of dilysine motif -KK-COOH which only functions effectively when additional upstream residues are included to provide the proper protein context
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differential permeabilization experiments indicate that their N- and C-termini are oriented towards the cytosol. GPAT9 possesses a hydrophobic pentapeptide motif (-f-X-X-K/R/D/E-f-, where f are large hydrophobic amino acid residues)
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enzyme PTPLA associates with the elongase complex in the endoplasmic reticulum and interacts with the elongase complex subunits
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enzyme-GFP fusion protein, expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana
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ETR1 of Arabidopsis contains transmembrane domains responsible for ethylene binding and membrane localization
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fusion constructs of Green Fluorescent Protein to truncated forms of diacylglycerol kinase 1 and diacylglycerol kinase 2 missing the catalytic and accessory domains
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Ill6 colocalizes with the endoplasmic reticulum-localized jasmonoyl-isoleucine 12-hydroxylase, CYP94B3
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in most species the endoplasmic reticulum localization is mediated by the glucosidase II-beta subunit
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isoform LACS4
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isoform Pyk10 is localized in ER bodies and has beta-D-glucosidase and beta-D-fucosidase activities. Jacalin-related lectins regulate the size of the active Pyk10 complexes, with two types of lectins working antagonistically
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isozyme family built of ACH4 and ACH5
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isozymes AtACH4 and AtACH5
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isozymne LACS1
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KCR1 and KCR2
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localization depends on the protein's N-terminal hydrophobic transmembrane domain
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localized predominantly within spherical vesicular structures that range from 0.0002-0.0006 mm in diameter, located in the cytoplasm and within the central vacuole in differentiated cotyledon cells. The N-terminal region, including the transmembrane domain of HMGR, is found to be necessary and sufficient for directing HMGR to the endoplasmic reticulum and the spherical structures
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localized primarily to the endoplasmic reticulum, although signal is also confirmed in Golgi apparatus and plastids
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LPAT2, co-localizes with calreticulin in the endoplasmic reticulum
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MsrB3 plays an important role in cold tolerance by eliminating methionine sulfoxide and reactive oxygen species that accumulate at the endoplasmic reticulum during cold acclimation
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PGP2, probably
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predominant localisation
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predominant localization
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predominantly
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sequences of endoplasmic reticulum-targeting signals comprise residues 1-25
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the cellulose synthase-containing compartment moves rapidly beneath sites of secondary wall synthesis, overview
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the enzyme is a component of the ER membrane system
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the enzyme is specifically associated in the endoplasmic reticulum with the enoyl-CoA reductase CER10
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the enzyme localizes predominantly to the endoplasmic reticulum, and partially to the Golgi complex
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transgenic expression of CYP86A1 fused to GFP distributes CYP86A1 to the endoplasmic reticulum, indicating that suberin monomer biosynthesis takes place in this sub-cellular compartment before intermediates are exported in the apoplast
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transient gene expression in onion epidermal cells, C-terminal CFP-tag, confocal microscopy, centre of punctuate structures
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transient gene expression in onion epidermal cells, C-terminal EYFP-tag, confocal microscopy, periphery of punctuate structures
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with cytoplasmic tail, which is crucial for endoplasmic reticulum retention, thus there is a targeting mechanism relying on protein-protein interaction
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O81020, Q3EBF7, Q8H965, Q8L7Y9, Q93ZR6, Q9C5W0, Q9FMN2, Q9S816, Q9SF47, Q9SRQ6, Q9SRQ7, Q9ZRP7
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AtNAR2.1
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DHCR24 membrane association
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isoform PSS1 is localized in endoplasmic reticulum membrane during pollen development
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membrane-bound
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omega-6 fatty acid desaturase fad2
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squalene synthase consists of both an N-terminal catalytic domain and a C-terminal domain tethering the enzyme to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane
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the enzyme spans the endoplasmic reticulum membrane twice. Both the N-terminal region and the highly conserved catalytic domain are in the cytosol, whereas only a short stretch of the protein is in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. Insertion in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane is mediated by the signal recognition particle (SRP) that recognizes the two hydrophobic sequences which will become membrane spanning segments
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topology of AtDOK1 in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, overview. AtDOK1 contains 13 transmembrane (TM) segments (TM1-TM13) with an N-terminus facing the endoplasmic reticulum lumen and a C-terminus facing the cytoplasm. The topological arrangement of AtDOK1 is similar to that of human enzyme
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B3DN87, O23087, O80685, P42339, P92939, Q0WQK2, Q3EBC2, Q3EC11, Q500Z2, Q52T38, Q5M757, Q6DR03, Q7XA86, Q8L5Y5, Q8VYP5, Q8VYS8, Q93VV0, Q94C49, Q9C533, Q9FLM3, Q9LIE4, Q9LIH7, Q9LUZ9, Q9M115, Q9M1K5, Q9M306, Q9SB58, Q9SE83, Q9SY55, Q9XES1
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AtAPY3 probably localizes to the endosome
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late
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multivesicular endosome
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the enzyme predominantly localizes on the Sorting Nexin1 (SNX1)-residing late endosomes, the SNX1-positive endosomes
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-
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the enzyme (LPOR) binds more strongly to etioplast inner membranes than to thylakoid membranes
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-
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isoform CuAO1
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recombinant enzyme is extracellular in transgenic tabacco plants
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secretion pathway, enzymes AtCKX2, and AtCKX3-AtCKX6
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envelope membrane
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the enzyme contains a chloroplast transit peptide
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integral membrane protein
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O23179, O23180, O23181, O48723, O49284, O49434, O80959, Q52T38, Q6DBD7, Q7XA86, Q8H116, Q8H133, Q8VZC0, Q93ZQ3, Q94AA9, Q9C512, Q9FIE8, Q9FIY1, Q9LDH0, Q9LZI2, Q9SN95, Q9SQG2, Q9SV43, Q9ZV36
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671831, 674580, 683499, 689608, 700732, 700820, 703909, 718993, 728308, 728526, 733585, 734765, 735866, 737023, 748704, 748929, 751608, 751841, 751860, 758117, 759958
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associated with galacturonosyltransferase7 in a complex, posttranslationally cleaved
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different fusion proteins analyzed to determine if the portion of ManI located in the Golgi lumen plays a role in the targeting of this glycosidase to the Golgi and the ER membranes
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Golgi alpha-mannosidase II, the enzyme has a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic tail sufficient for localisation of the enzyme to the Golgi complex, retention by lumenal sequences is not involved, retention mechanism
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Golgi stack, trans-Golgi network/early endosome
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Golgi, the trans-Golg network/early endosome
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Golgi-localized N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I is a determinant of osmotic stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana
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Golgi-localized transmembrane protein
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immunolocalization of recombinant enzyme using tag-specific antibody, predicted Golgi-resident type-II membrane protein
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isoform ECA3
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isoform FUT6
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isoform MNS3 probably resides in the cis-Golgi. the C-terminal region of MNS3 is sufficient for proper subcellular targeting
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isoforms RBL1 and RBL2
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localized primarily to the endoplasmic reticulum, although signal is also confirmed in Golgi apparatus and plastids
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medial cisternae
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N-terminal YFP tag (YFP-ATCSLD5), expression in Nicotiana benthamiana, confocal laser scanning, co-localisation with Golgi-marker STtmd-GFP, no co-localisation with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) marker HDEL-GFP, C-terminal fluorescent protein tag leads to mistargeting of ATCSLD5-YFP to ER
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predominately localised in the Golgi apparatus
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the CTS region, formed by the N-terminal 90 amino acids, is responsible for correct targeting of the enzyme to the cytosplamic membrane
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the enzyme localizes predominantly to the endoplasmic reticulum, and partially to the Golgi complex
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transient gene expression in onion epidermal cells, C-terminal EYFP-tag, confocal microscopy, limited overlap with marker (rat sialyl-S-transferase)
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type II transmembrane topology
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cis-Golgi localization. Isozymes AtAPY1, 2, 4, 5 and 7 are probably cis-Golgi resident proteins
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isozyme AtAPY1 is able to function as internal Golgi lumenal NDPase
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isozyme AtAPY1 is able to function as internal Golgi lumenal NDPase. Isozymes AtAPY1, 2, 4, 5 and 7 are probably cis-Golgi resident proteins
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isozyme AtAPY2 is able to function as internal Golgi lumenal NDPase
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isozyme AtAPY2 is able to function as internal Golgi lumenal NDPase. Isozymes AtAPY1, 2, 4, 5 and 7 are probably cis-Golgi resident proteins
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isozymes AtAPY1, 2, 4, 5 and 7 are probably cis-Golgi resident proteins
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B3DN87, O80685, Q0WQK2, Q3EBC2, Q3EC11, Q500Z2, Q52T38, Q5M757, Q6DR03, Q7XA86, Q8L5Y5, Q8VYP5, Q8VYS8, Q93VV0, Q94C49, Q9C533, Q9FLM3, Q9LIE4, Q9LIH7, Q9M115, Q9M1K5, Q9M306, Q9SB58, Q9XGM8
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associated with galacturonosyltransferase1 in a complex
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AtNAR2.1
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complex formation in vivo and potential physical interactions among three xylosyltransferases, XXT1, XXT2, and XXT5, and a glucan synthase, CSLC4 is shown in the Golgi membrane in Arabidopsis cells
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intramembrane enzyme
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B0T7D7, F4IIN3, P19456, P31414, P42801, P46310, P46573, P48622, P49333, P57681, Q05085, Q06548, Q0WLU3, Q67ZM7, Q8GUK6, Q8GWB7, Q8GYL3, Q8L850, Q8LB02, Q8LBZ7, Q8VWJ1, Q94F30, Q9ASU1, Q9C5W0, Q9LE59, Q9LFG7, Q9LIH6, Q9LUM0, Q9LX12, Q9M8Z7, Q9SLD2, Q9SQG2, Q9SU56, Q9SXL4
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441840, 488113, 492022, 645320, 653532, 653550, 655590, 657074, 661459, 669510, 671292, 676432, 676541, 676856, 683980, 685173, 686752, 686901, 687525, 689453, 689460, 697187, 698838, 700809, 706323, 710014, 710018, 710138, 710279, 710284, 710718, 711822, 713295, 716519, 716657, 718246, 718788, 719400, 720644, 720698, 723258, 723410, 724083, 724994, 728504, 728689, 728806, 734740, 734778, 735003, 737051, 739357, 741171, 746029, 748922, 748929, 751269, 757544, 758048, 759930, 762192, 763567
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75% of total activity in leaves, associated with, the cytosolic enzyme is 20fold less active than the membrane-associated enzyme
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a transmembrane enzyme, in the vacuolar (tonoplast) membrane. CYB561 proteins have six trans-membrane helices and two b-type hemes, one on each side of the membrane, transmembrane orientation, modeling
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a transmembrane protein
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accumulation of enzyme upon acid load or medium acidification
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all isozymes, except for CPK11 and CPK4
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associated
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associated with
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associated with membrane
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associated, isozyme MIPS1
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AtAPY3 contains a single putative N-terminal transmembrane domain typical of type II membrane proteins
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AtAPY6 (clade II) appears to be type a IV-A membrane protein, AtAPY6 appears to possess both an N- and a C-terminal transmembrane domain
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bound
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CPR is membrane-bound
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embedded in the membrane lipid bilayer
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embedded within one leaflet of the membrane
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endomembrane system
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endoplasmic reticulum resident membrane protein, the 18-amino acid long transmembrane domain of GCSI is not sufficient to target this glycosidase in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane
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enzyme is activated when bound to vesicles
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enzyme possesses a transmembrane domain
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enzymes FAD8 and FAD7 might be located in close vicinity in the envelope membrane
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Golgi alpha-mannosidase II is a type II membrane protein
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Gpc1p is an intergral membrane protein
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GSTF2 association with membrane vesicles
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integral membrane protein
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isozyme AtAPY5 contains a single putative N-terminal transmembrane domain typical of type II membrane proteins
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LPOR is an integral monotopic membrane protein which is permanently attached to one side of the plastid inner membrane. Tubuloreticular prolamellar body membrane, envelope membrane
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membrane fraction of overexpressing Escherichia coli
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membrane spanning enzyme
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membrane-bound
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microsomal membrane
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modeling data indicate
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modeling data indicate this localisation
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n-dodecyl-beta-maltoside-solubilized membrane fraction
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NYC1 isoform has three putative membrane-spanning domains, while NOL does not contain any predictable membrane-spanning domains
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outer chloroplast envelope membrane
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B3DN87, O80685, Q0WQK2, Q3EBC2, Q3EC11, Q500Z2, Q52T38, Q5M757, Q6DR03, Q7XA86, Q8L5Y5, Q8VYP5, Q8VYS8, Q93VV0, Q94C49, Q9C533, Q9FLM3, Q9LIE4, Q9LIH7, Q9M115, Q9M1K5, Q9M306, Q9SB58
PATs are transmembrane proteins
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photosynthetic
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plant members of the GDA-like clade, such as isozymes AtAPY1 and AtAPY2, are typical type II membrane proteins
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polar lipid matrix
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predominant localization
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putative transmembrane spanning domains
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recombinant protein
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reversible association between the catalytic domain of the enzyme and the intracellular membrane
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RHD4 is selectively recruited to RabA4-blabeled membranes that are involved in polarized expansion of root hair cells. In conjunction with the phosphoinositide kinase PI-4Kb1, RHD4 regulates the accumulation of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate on membrane compartments at the tips of growing root hairs
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RHD4 is selectively recruited to RabA4blabeled membranes that are involved in polarized expansion of root hair cells
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rhomboid protease is an intramembrane protease
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RLK5 protein contains an extracellular domain that has 21 tandemly repeated leucine-rich motifs linked, via a transmembrane hydrophobic region
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structure contains 8 transmembrane helices, 4 of which build up the highly conserved core of the protein. The large water soluble domain contains NADPH, FAD and oxidoreductase sequence motifs and is situated on the inside of the membrane
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the enzyme contains eight predicted transmembrane-spanning domains
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the enzyme is a transmembrane protein. Plsp1 accumulates as a stromal intermediate before ATP hydrolysis-dependent membrane association
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the enzyme partially localizes to membranes
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the isozyme contains a single putative N-terminal transmembrane domain typical of type II membrane proteins
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trans-membrane protein
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transmembrane protein
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type II membrane protein
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using a GFP-fusion construct it is shown that in most cells, the GFP fluorescence retracts from the cell wall, and is most concentrated in a ring, consistent with a cell surface or plasma membrane location
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A4GNA8, F4KAK5, O04928, O22527, O49639, O80612, P57681, Q1PE48, Q67ZE1, Q6DBD7, Q6NQA8, Q6NQI8, Q84V22, Q8GWB7, Q8H1D8, Q8L707, Q8LG50, Q8S8S2, Q8VY08, Q93ZB2, Q94IB8, Q9ASU1, Q9C5W0, Q9CAN8, Q9FNA9, Q9FX01, Q9LDF2, Q9LDU6, Q9LJK3, Q9LSF8, Q9LSZ9, Q9LW27, Q9M7I7, Q9SAH5, Q9SD85, Q9SLD2, Q9SPM5, Q9SQG2, Q9XI62, Q9ZQC6
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349273, 349276, 390942, 486503, 660241, 663120, 676428, 682423, 685522, 685537, 689640, 696761, 704482, 704608, 705946, 710018, 711149, 712359, 713257, 713423, 720697, 722669, 723391, 724083, 726166, 734765, 734886, 736988, 737051, 739305, 741866, 744455, 751018, 751874, 752718, 755996, 756834, 757032, 757540, 757544, 757974, 759930
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activity in microsomal fractions enriched with Golgi marker enzyme inosin diphosphatase
-
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associated with microsomal membrane
-
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AtNAR2.1 and AtNRT2.1
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exclusively localized in microsomal fraction, anchored to membrane
-
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isoform Clo-3
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microsomal membrane
-
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nitrilase II
-
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PGP2
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presence of six putative membrane-spanning domains
-
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the HMGR activity is detected in the final microsomal pellet after ultracentrifugation
-
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USP1, differential centrifugation and Western blot
-
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-
-
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cortical
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cortical, the cellulose synthase-containing compartment moves rapidly beneath sites of secondary wall synthesis, overview
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mitotic microtubules
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mitotic microtubules, MPK6 is recruited to gamma-tubulin or gamma-tubulin complexes
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-
-
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GLDH behaves as an integral protein of the inner membrane facing the intermembrane space
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-
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localization of recombinantly expressed GFP-tagged enzyme
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Q8W041
-
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in Arabidopsis, a monofunctional SDH probably produced from the same gene encoding the bifunctional enzyme localizes in the mitochondria
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-
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isozyme ProDH1 forms part of a low-molecular-mass (70-140 kDa) complex in the mitochondrial membrane, proteomic analysis
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MOT1 contains an N-terminal mitochondrial targeting sequence
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A0A1P8AP13, A4GNA8, B0F481, F4HZG9, F4I7I0, F4IF99, F4IWV2, F4J2K2, F4JML5, F4K2A1, F4KAK5, O22048, O22049, O23240, O23913, O49543, O64530, O80860, O80983, O81020, O81796, P20115, P25855, P47998, P92947, P93032, P93033, P93736, Q05431, Q05762, Q05763, Q0WQF7 and Q8RWN9, Q1ENB6, Q1PDW5, Q1PER6, Q24JL3, Q39055, Q39102, Q39219, Q39242, Q39243, Q42523, Q42564, Q42592, Q42593, Q43314 AND Q38946, Q52K88, Q5XF03, Q6NKR2, Q6NKX1, Q7XZP5, Q84KJ5, Q84V22, Q84WU8, Q8GWG0, Q8GXX0, Q8GY91, Q8H151, Q8H1Y0 and Q38799, Q8H965, Q8L3X9, Q8L7K9, Q8L7Y9, Q8LDU4, Q8LE52, Q8LFC0, Q8LG77, Q8S904, Q8VZC3, Q8VZI8, Q8W3L1, Q8W585, Q93YW7, Q945K7, Q94AF2, Q94CE5, Q9C6B3, Q9C8L4, Q9C920, Q9CAY3, Q9FGM0, Q9FH02, Q9FI53, Q9FIM2, Q9FJI2, Q9FLH2, Q9FMV1, Q9FNK4, Q9FRL8, Q9FUZ2, Q9FV53, Q9FWR4, Q9FWR5, Q9FZ22, Q9LDV4, Q9LHS7, Q9LIA0, Q9LIH6, Q9LK88, Q9LTR9, Q9LTX3, Q9LUD9, Q9LUE1, Q9M0V0, Q9M5K2, Q9M5K3 and Q94B78 and P25855 and Q9LQL0 and O65396, Q9S757, Q9S795, Q9S816, Q9SAJ3, Q9SAK4, Q9SB00, Q9SBJ1, Q9SD67, Q9SHJ5, Q9SIE1, Q9SIU0, Q9SMN1, Q9SRQ6, Q9SRQ7, Q9STS1, Q9SU56, Q9SU91, Q9SWG0, Q9SXP7, Q9SYJ2, Q9ZNZ7, Q9ZQP1, Q9ZR07, W6HYK5
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33773, 286649, 286676, 289162, 289167, 391213, 391216, 391219, 392566, 487773, 642155, 645565, 645611, 653464, 653511, 653530, 653665, 656411, 656980, 657068, 657111, 658755, 659442, 660201, 662384, 662537, 662972, 663062, 664881, 667815, 668355, 670547, 670580, 671351, 673963, 674784, 676412, 676425, 676511, 682423, 685833, 686713, 688076, 688079, 688243, 688427, 689463, 689475, 689529, 689573, 689575, 689604, 689626, 689630, 691085, 692049, 692050, 694579, 694694, 694724, 697908, 698838, 698932, 698936, 700695, 700740, 700806, 700833, 700887, 704513, 704874, 705818, 706242, 706356, 710138, 710283, 711583, 711615, 712417, 712664, 713211, 713271, 713311, 714297, 714299, 714949, 715002, 716516, 718879, 720740, 720913, 723388, 723412, 723782, 724083, 724453, 725016, 725468, 726118, 726164, 726197, 726227, 726243, 726245, 727507, 728522, 728528, 730041, 730853, 734387, 734853, 736845, 737026, 739204, 739320, 739457, 740976, 741121, 741137, 741160, 742590, 742996, 743450, 743451, 743761, 743842, 746068, 746121, 746265, 747034, 747213, 747749, 748172, 748948, 748959, 748986, 748999, 749375, 749968, 753102, 754234, 755031, 755046, 755738, 757543, 757986, 758628, 759921, 759926, 759942, 759959, 759969, 760005, 761183, 762111, 762585, 762849, 763587, 764782, 764794, 765552, 765574, 765575, 765592, 765624, 765656, 765865
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2'-phosphotransferase shows a tendency to associate with mitochondria
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a single gene of chloroplast origin codes for mitochondrial and chloroplastic isozyme, possessing a targeting signal sequence with dual function
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Arabidopsis thalaina contains 12 genes encoding FtsH proteins, nine of them can be targeted to chloroplast, the other three are mitochondrial
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betaCA6 is targeted to the mitochondria
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BIO3 protein contains an N-terminal sequence that is predicted to target the protein to mitochondria
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compartment with largest serine acetyltransferase activity of total serine acetyltransferase activity independent of cytosolic serine acetyltransferase activity
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compartment with largest serine acetyltransferase activity of total serine acetyltransferase activity independent of plastidic serine acetyltransferase
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dual localization to plastid and mitochondrion, in line with the prediction of a signal peptide for dual targeting. In mitochondria, enzyme interacts with peroxiredoxin IIF and thioredoxin. Sulfiredoxin catalyzes the retroreduction of the inactive sulfinic form of atypical Prx IIF using thioredoxin as reducing agent
brenda
enhanced green fluorescent protein fusions are found mainly in the mitochondrion
brenda
enzyme contains an N-terminal mitochondrial targeting sequence
brenda
enzymes AtCKX1 and AtCKX3
brenda
-
GABA:pyruvate-T contains a mitochondrial signal sequence
brenda
highly expressed mMDH1 and lower expressed mMDH2 isoforms
brenda
import assays with purified pea (Pisum sativum) chloroplasts and mitochondria
brenda
in young seedlings and in response to stress, RCCR is somewhat localized to mitochondria
brenda
-
isoform Atbcat-1
brenda
-
isoform C
brenda
isoform glyoxalase II
brenda
isoform GLYR2
brenda
-
isoform GR2
brenda
isoform Nfs1
brenda
-
isoform OAS-TL C
brenda
-
isoform PARL
brenda
-
isoforms FtsH3, 4 and 10
brenda
-
isoforms PIMT2 TISIbetapsi, PIMT2 TISIalphapsi, and PIMT2 TISIalphaomega are predominately present in small, motile bodies suspected of being mitochondria
brenda
isofrms AMK21and AMK7
brenda
-
isozyme AAT1
brenda
isozyme GlyRS2, enzyme is imported from the cytosol, nucleus-encoded
brenda
isozyme NAD-ME1
brenda
-
isozyme NDPK3a is predominantly localized in the mictochondria
brenda
isozyme OAS-TL C
brenda
isozyme PPa1, which contains an N-terminal mitochondrial target sequence with a putative cleavage site at Val31
brenda
-
isozyme ProRS-Org
brenda
-
isozyme SAT-m, matrix
brenda
isozymes GlyRS1, enzyme is imported from the cytosol, nucleus-encoded, isozyme GlyRS1 is inactive in the mitochondria
brenda
isozymes NAD-ME1 and NAD-ME2
brenda
ketogenic isoform
brenda
-
lon1, lon3 and lon4
brenda
A0NAB2
longer isoform
brenda
LpxD proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana are targeted to the mitochondria, subcellular localization analysis, overview
brenda
mitHPPK/DHPS
brenda
mitochondrial localizations of isoform AHG2 and poly(A) polymerase AGS1 are required for their functions in the regulation of the poly(A) tract of mitochondrial mRNA
brenda
mitochondrial matrix
brenda
mitochondrial SATase Serat2,2
brenda
most highly expressed isoform AK1
brenda
-
of transgenic Arabidopsis and tobacco plants
brenda
-
partial localisation of full-length protein and isoform with translational start at ATG2 (Met6), targeting dependent not only on N-terminal 68 amino acids
brenda
PGP1
brenda
predicted
brenda
preferentially
brenda
PRORP1
brenda
recombinant AtHEMN1-GFP fusion protein is targeted to mitochondria
brenda
-
serine O-acetyltransferase SAT3 and O-acetylserine sulfhydrolase can interact in plant mitochondria to form the cysteine synthase complex. Formation of the mitochondrial cysteine synthase complex might be promoted by the stabilizing effect of sulfide, by efficient export of O-acetylserine from mitochondria, or by a combination of both
brenda
targeting sequence on the N-terminal extension
brenda
the Arabidopsis Twinkle homologue enzyme is dual targeted to mitochondria and chloroplasts
brenda
the first 93 nucleotides of the full-length cDNA are predicted to encode the signal sequence that denote localization to the mitochondria
brenda
-
the first five amino acids of the N-terminal signal sequence are required for efficient translocation into mitochondria. Variants lacking the first start codon show less mitochondrial import. Mutations in the mature domain reduce the localization tomitochondria and in turn enhance the translocation into chloroplasts
brenda
-
the GLN2 gene product functions in both leaf mitochondria and chloroplasts to faciliate ammonium recovery during photorespiration
brenda
the mitochondrial localization of the AT3G11470-encoded proteins is validated by the ability of their N-terminal 80-residue leader sequence to guide a chimeric GFP protein to this organelle
brenda
the N-terminal peptide of immature AtPPA1 is mostly disordered. It can be cleaved during maturation. The cleaved peptide is a mitochondrial targeting signal
brenda
the N-terminal peptide preceding domain I is a mitochondrial targeting signal, the predicted cleavage site is Leu17-Leu18 followed by an potassium coordination site (Ser27, Ile30)
brenda
the N-terminal peptide preceding domain I is a mitochondrial targeting signal, with a predicted cleavage site for mitochondrial processing peptidase (MPP) at Leu17-Leu18 that is followed by an unexpected potassium coordination site (Ser27, Ile30)
brenda
transcript ICP55.1 is localized in the mitochondrion
brenda
-
transcriptional induction of the enzyme causes changes in expression levels of other mitochondrial enzymes. Activity of glutamate dehydrogenase is substantially increased, and activity of D-lactate dehydrogenase is increased
brenda
TrZL2
brenda
F4JKB6, F4K7D6, L0N807, O22781, O64752, O82312, P13114, P25858, P31166, P42745, Q2LAE1, Q39026, Q42563, Q42569, Q56WH4, Q56WJ4, Q66GI4, Q680B9, Q84TG1, Q8GWT4, Q8H1D9, Q8L633, Q8L850, Q8LGU7, Q93YN9, Q93YU6, Q9FL12, Q9FN02, Q9FVE6, Q9LFP0, Q9LMT2, Q9SB00, Q9SK82, Q9SKB3, Q9SU38, Q9SUG3, Q9SUW2
-
489612, 638170, 642983, 656786, 661446, 663162, 663172, 676432, 682190, 685412, 686905, 689409, 690834, 694819, 702147, 702497, 703111, 706385, 709157, 710310, 716603, 723448, 723507, 726169, 727579, 728308, 728491, 730488, 731009, 732661, 734916, 734942, 735156, 735864, 736990, 737004, 739269, 739308, 739312, 740071, 741070, 744990, 751745, 754725, 754863, 755409, 756587, 757863, 757913, 757972, 759964, 761205, 762149, 763054, 765611
brenda
ADT5 proteins are unique as they are the only full-length ADT proteins that are found in the nucleus
brenda
-
At-AER protein fused with the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein localizes in cytosol and the nucleus in Bright-Yellow 2 cells of tabacco
brenda
CDKC2 is localized in nuclear speckles, and is strongly associated with the nuclear matrix
brenda
-
determined by producing constructs between enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) at the N-terminus and the AtECI proteins at the C-terminus. The localization of EYFP-AtECI1 and EYFP-AtECI2 indicate that AtECI1 and AtECI2 are peroxisomal proteins. The EYFP-AtECI3 construct results in diffuse fluorescence throughout the cytosol and nucleus, indicating the absence of peroxisomal targeting. AtECI1, AtECI2, and AtECI3 show high overall homology to peroximal mammalian isomerases, but have only one conserved glutamate reisdue in an position similar to that in the mitochondrial isoemrases
brenda
enzyme moves from the plasma membrane to the nucleus under salt stress
brenda
-
farnesylated protein
brenda
-
gene sequences contain nuclear localization signals
brenda
in Arabidopsis thaliana, both alpha and beta subunits are redundantly encoded by four genes each and are ubiquitously expressed spatially and developmentally. All the CK2 alpha subunits except alpha4 are nuclear localized. Subunit CK2 alpha4 has an N-terminal chloroplast localization signal and also contains the internal conserved nuclear localization signal, NLS
brenda
-
in the prophase, speckles of DRP5A are detected around the nucleus
brenda
isoform PAPS1
brenda
isoform PAPS2
brenda
isoform PAPS4
brenda
-
isoform PSS1 is localized in nuclei during pollen development
brenda
-
isoforms RFA1 and RFA4. RFA4 shows specific nuclear localization and promotes nuclear degradation of abscisic acid receptors
brenda
isozyme AACT2
brenda
-
isozymes GSTU and GSTT
brenda
JMJ27 is a nuclear protein containing a zinc-finger motif
brenda
localizes in subnuclear foci and remains associated with condensed chromosomes throughout mitosis
brenda
-
MEKK1/WRKY53 complexes are predominantly localized in the nucleus
brenda
N-terminal 158 and 61 amino acids (revealed by confocal laser scanning microscopy)
brenda
-
nuclear localization of cyMDH isoforms is significantly increased under oxidizing conditions in isolated Arabidopsis protoplasts, in particular of isoform cyMDH3
brenda
nuclear localization signal at positions 517-534 of the LSD1 amino acid sequence
brenda
of protoplast, both isoforms GapC1 and GapC2
brenda
presumably localized to euchromatic regions
brenda
-
PRORP2 and PRORP3 are two paralogues of PRORP1
brenda
-
recombinant fusion protein with Yellow Fluorescent Protein
brenda
relocalization of GAPC1 to the nucleus is induced by calcium stress
brenda
-
the enzyme contains no nuclear targeting signal sequence and associates tightly with interphase chromatin
brenda
-
the enzyme localizes at euchromatin and heterochromatin
brenda
-
the mutant abi1 shows a preferential nuclear accumulation compared with wild type ABI1
brenda
-
the PIMT2 TISIIalphapsi and alphaomega isoforms are prominent in the nucleus
brenda
-
the subcellular localization of LIP1 is not significantly affected by light
brenda
the subcellular localization of RNR2 is primarily nuclear in meristematic regions, and cytoplasmic in adult cells. RNR2 is constitutively nuclear in csn7 mutant seedlings
brenda
through alternative splicing, two of these GSTTs form fusions with Myb transcription factor-like domains, discrete localization within the nucleus
brenda
transcript ICP55.2 is localized in the nucleus
brenda
A0A178WMD4, A0A1I9LPQ6, O49434, O64883, O64948, O65201, O65202, P0CZ23, P37702, Q05431, Q1PER6, Q24JJ8, Q42564, Q42592, Q42593, Q56WD9, Q56YA5, Q7XZP5, Q84P21, Q8GY91, Q8H191, Q8LE52, Q8VYI3, Q94A82, Q96329, Q9C9W5, Q9CA90, Q9FFR3, Q9FI76, Q9FNP1 and Q8RY16, Q9FRL8, Q9FWA3, Q9FWR4, Q9LE33, Q9LJH5, Q9LRR9, Q9LYT1, Q9S795, Q9S7E9, Q9S850, Q9SH69, Q9SKX5, Q9SLK0, Q9STS1, Q9SU79, Q9SX65, Q9ZPI5, Q9ZQP2
-
391070, 393031, 640083, 660134, 660516, 663057, 663117, 667207, 669515, 670497, 675383, 676498, 680715, 689534, 689558, 689608, 689649, 693420, 694617, 694651, 698956, 700816, 701006, 710015, 710314, 715522, 716535, 719874, 722649, 723919, 725625, 726102, 726186, 726249, 728436, 728532, 728689, 730609, 734883, 734948, 737736, 737745, 741388, 741438, 742588, 742600, 743820, 745737, 746100, 747869, 755037, 758016, 758387, 759565, 761625, 762128, 762162, 762165, 764788, 765156, 765592, 765593, 765656, 765870
brenda
AtPAO4 is the major isoform in root peroxisomes
brenda
-
co-localization with thioredoxin m-type, Trx_m2
brenda
-
determined by producing constructs between enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) at the N-terminus and the AtECI proteins at the C-terminus. The localization of EYFP-AtECI1 and EYFP-AtECI2 indicate that AtECI1 and AtECI2 are peroxisomal proteins. The EYFP-AtECI3 construct results in diffuse fluorescence throughout the cytosol and nucleus, indicating the absence of peroxisomal targeting. AtECI1, AtECI2, and AtECI3 show high overall homology to peroximal mammalian isomerases, but have only one coserved glutamate reisdue in an position similar to that in the mitochondrial isoemrases
brenda
GFP-tagged recombinant theta class GSTs
brenda
HPR!
brenda
isoform CuAO2
brenda
isoform CuAO3
brenda
-
isoform GR1
brenda
-
isoform PGD2
brenda
isozyme AACT1, its peroxisomal localisation depends on the presence of a C-terminal peroxisomal targeting sequence, PTS1, motif, Ser-Ala-Leu
brenda
Q8GYW7
isozyme ACH2
brenda
isozyme AtPAO3 contains a peroxisomal targeting motif at the C terminus
brenda
-
isozyme family built of ACH1 and ACH2
brenda
-
isozyme GSTT
brenda
-
isozyme OPR3
brenda
-
isozymes AtACH1 and AtACH2
brenda
-
lon2
brenda
-
NADK3 localizes to the peroxisomal matrix via a novel type 1 peroxisomal targeting signal
brenda
nearly exclusively in
brenda
-
one copper chaperone gene for superoxide dismutase is responsible for the activation of cytosolic, peroxisomal and chloroplast enzyme
brenda
OPR3
brenda
structural organization and localization of peroxisomal AAA+ ATPases. The peroxisome specific isozyme is Lon2, which carries a PTS1-signal
brenda
subcellular localization study using recombinant GFP-tagged enzyme expression
brenda
the C-terminal tripeptide Ser-Arg-Ile (residues 399-401) constitute a type 1 peroxisomal targeting sequence (PTS1)
brenda
-
the enzyme contains a canonical peroxisomal targeting signal
brenda
-
upon expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, CTS is correctly targeted to yeast peroxisomes, and assembled into the membrane with its nucleotide binding domains in the cytosol
brenda
-
AtPAKRP1 is associated with the phragmoplast in the middle of interdigitating microtubules
brenda
-
AtPAKRP1L is present exclusively in the middle of the phragmoplast, where anti-parallel microtubules interdigitate
brenda
in dividing cells of root apical meristem and leaf petiole epidermis, enzyme is enriched in mitotic spindles and phragmoplasts
brenda
A7WM73, A8MR93, B3DN87, O23255, O23596, O48709, O80685, O81020, P19456, Q0WQK2, Q38908, Q39026, Q39085, Q3EBC2, Q3EC11, Q500Z2, Q52T38, Q5M757, Q6DR03, Q7XA86, Q8H965, Q8L5Y5, Q8L7S6, Q8L7Y9, Q8VYP5, Q8VYS8, Q93VV0, Q93ZD7, Q944C1, Q94C49, Q9C533, Q9C5L3, Q9CAH5, Q9FLM3, Q9LF79, Q9LIE4, Q9LIH7, Q9LM69, Q9LUZ9, Q9LVQ0, Q9LY87, Q9M115, Q9M1K5, Q9M306, Q9S816, Q9SA71, Q9SB41, Q9SB58, Q9SE83, Q9SI62, Q9SRQ6, Q9SRQ7, Q9SYK0, Q9XIG1
-
246931, 668559, 668597, 670364, 670533, 676514, 679865, 682425, 682662, 689153, 689477, 689533, 689767, 694816, 700485, 700820, 704608, 710264, 710754, 713257, 716535, 716609, 718993, 720136, 720682, 720691, 720742, 720754, 730853, 734857, 734895, 734900, 734917, 734920, 734921, 734959, 734985, 735611, 736984, 739358, 739399, 740904, 746028, 746241, 747880, 747881, 748231, 748334, 748706, 748971, 748976, 748977, 748981, 748988, 749822, 751094, 751850, 751893, 751907, 759186, 759572, 759964, 760156, 765658
brenda
ALA1 is targeted to the plasma membrane and following association in the endoplasmic reticulum with an ALIS protein beta-subunit
brenda
-
associated
brenda
-
AtNAR2.1 and AtNRT2.1
brenda
-
betaCA4 is targeted to the plasma membrane
brenda
gene PME34 encodes a plasma membrane-localized and cell wall deposited protein
brenda
-
HMA2
brenda
-
isoform ACA9
brenda
-
isoform RBL4
brenda
mainly
brenda
-
nitrilase II, tightly associated
brenda
-
NRT1.5
brenda
-
NRT1.8
brenda
-
only fusion enzyme localization (group VII mutant - defect in cellular trafficking of chloroplast proteins)
brenda
-
PHT1 transporters show a topology with 12 membrane-spanning domains, which are separated into two groups of six domains by a charged hydrophilic loop. Both C- and N-termini are expected to be oriented inside the cell, with the protein inserted in the plasma membrane
brenda
-
Pht1;9
brenda
predominantly localized in
brenda
-
subcellular localization study, overview
brenda
-
the binding site for UDP-glucose for callose synthase is on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane
brenda
the enzyme localizes to the plant plasma membrane and has a strict requirement for an ALIS protein beta-subunit to exit the endoplasmic reticulum
brenda
the hybrid histidine kinase is localized in both the cytoplasm and the plasma membrane
brenda
tightly associated to
brenda
-
transmembrane structure, the catalytic site of cellulose synthase faces the cytosol, two polypeptides with their catalytic sites juxtapose to form a functional enzyme unit solving the problem of having to rotate the chain by 180° after each glucosyl residue addition, overview
brenda
A0A090MHY5, A0A178WMD4, A0A1I9LPQ6, F4HQA8, O48741, O80952, O81852, O82392, O82796, P0C7R2, P21218, P32961, P37271, P42043, P42770, P50318, P92947, Q0WS47, Q38854, Q42536, Q43727, Q5E924, Q67Y55, Q6NPM8, Q84VZ1, Q8GY89, Q8L743, Q8L7R2, Q8VZR0, Q8W583, Q93WX6, Q93ZW0, Q948J9, Q949Q0, Q949X0, Q94B35, Q95Z42, Q96255, Q9C524, Q9C9W5, Q9CA90, Q9FGC7, Q9FJI5, Q9FLH8, Q9FMW8, Q9FN30, Q9FY99, Q9LD43 and P56765, Q9LD57, Q9LDD5, Q9LE33, Q9LK23, Q9LT69, Q9M2W3, Q9M9V6, Q9SAJ6, Q9SCL7, Q9SIE1, Q9SXP7, Q9SYH1, Q9ZWT1
-
3561, 37595, 37626, 81053, 286676, 393242, 393244, 393853, 639726, 640159, 642340, 644305, 649483, 660359, 660393, 663091, 663097, 666597, 667844, 670564, 670633, 672256, 676434, 676612, 676623, 687563, 689475, 689784, 693166, 694717, 694886, 698915, 700758, 700762, 700801, 700808, 700836, 701015, 701432, 701656, 703731, 706327, 710319, 712424, 713314, 714680, 714783, 716615, 716741, 716773, 720722, 720749, 722243, 722267, 724111, 726128, 728055, 729505, 732639, 734910, 734949, 736408, 736993, 737375, 737745, 739281, 739324, 739346, 739376, 740071, 740907, 741337, 743445, 743464, 746146, 748910, 749048, 749945, 751808, 751885, 752724, 757578, 757986, 758056, 759273, 759800, 759915, 759921, 761183, 761655, 762124, 762148, 762872, 762968, 763567, 763580, 763917
brenda
both cytoplasmic and plastidial localization. The N-(4-oxoglutaryl)-L-cysteinylglycine repair system is directed to at least two cellular compartments (cytoplasm, plastid) via the use of alternative translation start sites
brenda
-
CCDI, CCD7
brenda
-
CHLH protein matured and accumulated inside plastids
brenda
dual localization to plastid and mitochondrion, in line with the prediction of a signal peptide for dual targeting
brenda
enhanced green fluorescent protein fusions are found mainly in the plastid
brenda
glyoxylate reductase 2 is localized within the plastid, presumably in the stroma
brenda
-
Gpp1
brenda
-
import of isoform PorA into plastids of cotyledons is substrate-dependent and organ-specific
brenda
-
isoform B
brenda
-
isoform GadCp-1
brenda
isoform GLYR2
brenda
-
isoform LACS9
brenda
-
isoform OAS-TL B
brenda
-
isoform PGD1 and PGD3
brenda
-
isoform PGM1
brenda
-
isoforms APK4, AK1, and APK2
brenda
-
isoforms Atbcat-2, Atbcat-3, Atbcat-5
brenda
-
isoforms HY1, HO3 and HO4
brenda
-
isoforms RBL8 and RBL9
brenda
localized in the envelope of chlorophyll-free plastids
brenda
localized primarily to the endoplasmic reticulum, although signal is also confirmed in Golgi apparatus and plastids
brenda
-
LPAAT1
brenda
mutation of the carbohydrate binding module of plastidial protein PTST causes GBSS to remain in the plastid stroma
brenda
-
NADP-ME4 is localized to plastids
brenda
-
nonfarnesylated protein
brenda
-
nuclear-encoded protein that is translated on cytosolic ribosomes and subsequently imported into plastids
brenda
-
nucleus-encoded enzyme is synthesized as a larger precursor in the cytosol and imported into the plastid in a substrate-dependent manner. Plastid envelope membrane proteins, called protochlorophyllide-dependent translocon proteins, Ptcs, interact with pPORA during import. Partial suppression of pPORB import in white light
brenda
-
partial localisation of full-length protein and isoform with translational start at ATG2 (Met6), targeting dependent not only on N-terminal 68 amino acids
brenda
-
pHXK has a putative plastid-targeting signal sequence at its N terminus
brenda
plastid-targeted isozyme TR-BAMY, contains a plastid transit peptide of 41 amino acids
brenda
plastidial glycolytic isoform 1 of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, GAPCp1
brenda
root
brenda
SERAT2.1
brenda
stroma
brenda
stromal protein
brenda
-
the location of Plsp1 may depend on the developmental stage of plastids and Plsp1 may have multiple functions. In premature chloroplasts where internal membranes are not fully developed yet, Plsp1 may catalyze complete maturation of Toc75 at envelope membranes. In mature chloroplasts, Plsp1 may be mainly located at the thylakoid membrane and process thylakoidal proteins
brenda
-
the two Arabidopsis arogenate dehydrogenase proteins and the six arogenate dehydratase proteins are all targeted within the plastid
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
isoform NADK2
brenda
-
nuclear gene encoded, targeted to the plastids, soluble
brenda
-
brenda
chloroplast lipid droplet
brenda
-
brenda
major part
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
all isozymes
-
brenda
-
isozymes CPK2, 3, 4, 5, 11, and 19
-
brenda
-
PAH1 and PAH2
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
altered GWD expression levels influence the surface properties of starch granules, determination of granule morphologies in different transgenic lines, which affects the starch synthesis by enzyme AtSS1, overview
-
brenda
the enzyme acts significantly on the surface of native starch granules
-
brenda
-
393361, 393362, 393363, 656967, 689530, 694579, 726294, 728500, 730551, 733864, 735051
brenda
-
dual localization in chloroplast envelope membranes as well as in thylakoids
brenda
-
isozyme Plsp1
brenda
-
lumen
brenda
lumen, CYP20-2 and FKBP13
brenda
-
presence of an active CS26 enzyme exclusively in the thylakoid lumen
brenda
the enzyme (LPOR) binds more strongly to etioplast inner membranes than to thylakoid membranes
brenda
-
thylakoid lumen
brenda
B3LF83, O80860, O80983, O82390, Q1PDW5, Q39102, Q39249, Q84WU8, Q8H0W1, Q8VZI8, Q8W585, Q93YN0, Q9FGM0, Q9FH02, Q9FIM2, Q9M591, Q9SAJ3, Q9SD67, Q9SLD2
-
652259, 660891, 661402, 662456, 663059, 663082, 663257, 667208, 670591, 675754, 682278, 682325, 682383, 682951, 689762, 698749, 700629, 711256, 712452, 712664, 713211, 713279, 720304, 720678, 720686, 726228, 730551, 736998, 743318, 743474, 745118, 746117, 747432, 748329, 748950, 749036, 754121, 763580
brenda
exclusively, integral membrane protein, the hydrophilic part is exposed to the stroma of the chloroplast
brenda
-
FNR is bound to thylakoid membranes
brenda
In Arabidopsis thaliana, FNR1 is essential for the binding of FNR to the thylakoid membrane, hence in FNR1-lacking plant lines FNR2 can only be found in stroma.
brenda
-
integral membrane protein
brenda
-
isoforms FtsH 1, 2, 5 and 8 are localized in the thylakoid membrane
brenda
-
isoforms FtsH1, 2, 5 and 8
brenda
-
lon4, is tightly attached to the stromal side of the thylakoid membranes
brenda
-
low level, analyzed by fluorescence microscopy
brenda
membrane-bound
brenda
protein is imported into isolated chloroplasts
brenda
-
SEC1
brenda
the enzyme is localized in the light-harvesting complexes
brenda
-
the precursor of FtsH2 requires the proton gradient whereas the precursor of FtsH5 requires NTPs for thylakoid integration
brenda
O80860, O80983, Q1PDW5, Q39102, Q84WU8, Q8VZI8, Q8W585, Q9FGM0, Q9FH02, Q9FIM2, Q9SAJ3, Q9SD67
VAR1 forms complexes with VAR2
brenda
A4GNA8, F4KAK5, O81020, Q52T38, Q7XA86, Q84V22, Q84WG0, Q8H965, Q8L7Y9, Q8L856, Q93Z20, Q9S816, Q9SRQ6, Q9SRQ7
-
-
682423, 715013, 720795, 723413, 727395, 730853, 735316, 735866, 736893, 747158, 747872, 748965
brenda
CLH is located in the endoplasmic reticulum and the tonoplast of intact plant cells
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N-terminal regulatory domain of protein is sufficient for sorting to the tonoplast. Under phosphate deprivation, PLDzeta2 remains localized to the tonoplast, but its distribution is uneven and preferentially close to mitochondria and beside chloroplasts
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TCytb
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B3DN87, O80685, O81020, Q0WQK2, Q3EBC2, Q3EC11, Q500Z2, Q52T38, Q5M757, Q6DR03, Q7XA86, Q8H965, Q8L5Y5, Q8L7Y9, Q8VYP5, Q8VYS8, Q93VV0, Q94C49, Q9C533, Q9C8G9, Q9FLM3, Q9LIE4, Q9LIH7, Q9M115, Q9M1K5, Q9M306, Q9S816, Q9SB58, Q9SRQ6, Q9SRQ7
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TCytb
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655581, 666557, 669165, 669367, 682408, 686731, 689532, 689627, 699269, 702099, 716776, 718788, 728308, 747158, 748320, 748917, 748931, 755030, 757987
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BG2 localizes to the central vacuole. The N-terminal region of enzyme BG2 is responsible for the vacuolar targeting. The majority of BG2 localizes to the vacuole
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HEXO1 participates in N-glycan trimming in the vacuole
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isozyme AtCKX1
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isozyme AtCKX3
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lumen
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membrane-bound
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of mesophyll and epidermal cells
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protein storage vacuoles
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specific vacuolar isozyme Atbetafruct4
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the alpha and gamma vacuolar processing enzyme occurs only in vegetative organs, while the beta VPE occurs in seeds
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vacuolar H+-pyrophosphatase
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vacuolar invertase, isozyme VI
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vacuole membrane
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additional information
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analysis of subcellular localization of AtLeuC and AtLeuDs within Arabidopsis chloroplast compartments, overview
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additional information
B3DN87, O80685, Q0WQK2, Q3EBC2, Q3EC11, Q500Z2, Q52T38, Q5M757, Q6DR03, Q7XA86, Q8L5Y5, Q8VYP5, Q8VYS8, Q93VV0, Q94C49, Q9C533, Q9FLM3, Q9LIE4, Q9LIH7, Q9M115, Q9M1K5, Q9M306, Q9SB58
Arabidopsis PAT proteins display a complex targeting pattern and are detected at the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, endosomal compartments, and the vacuolar membrane, but most proteins are targeted to the plasma membrane
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additional information
Arabidopsis thaliana has isozymes with N'-terminal extensions typical of plastid-transit-peptides
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additional information
AtNUDX19 is targeted to both chloroplasts and peroxisomes
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additional information
AtRH7localizes mainly to the nucleolus and to a minor degree to the nucleoplasm. AtRH7 forms a complex with AtCSP3 mainly in the nucleolus, with a smaller portion in the nucleoplasm
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additional information
co-localization of MPK6 and p-ERK with gamma-tubulin and with microtubule plus end protein EB1c in Arabidopsis cells. gamma-Tubulin and ERK partly colocalize on the spindle and prominent close to kinetochores. p-ERK follows the dynamic localization of gamma-tubulin in the anaphase-to-telophase transition in Arabidopsis cells. In anaphase, phosphorylated ERK and EB1c-GFP co-localize on shortening kinetochore fibres
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additional information
co-localization of MPK6 and phosphorylated ERK with gamma-tubulin and with microtubule plus end protein EB1c in Arabidopsis cells
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additional information
cytoplasmic space of elongating root hair apices
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additional information
dynamically associated punctate structures, and around chloroplasts. The nucleolus is completely devoid of SAHH1
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additional information
enzyme Clh1 is located outside the chloroplast
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additional information
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enzyme DWF1 has a strong membrane association and a cytoplasmic C-terminus
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additional information
enzyme RH3 accumulates in stroma and nucleoids of green tissues, with peak accumulation during chloroplast biogenesis
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additional information
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expression profiles of members of the XTH gene family, each XTH gene is likely to have a unique fingerprint of expression and regulation
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additional information
extra-plastidial localisation of full-length enzyme (in vitro chloroplast import assay), lack of chloroplast transit peptide
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additional information
four Lon isoforms localize to mitochondria, plastids and peroxisomes.The peroxisome specific enzyme is Lon2, which carries a PTS1-signal
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additional information
GLYR1 is not relocalized from the cytosol to peroxisomes in response to abiotic stress
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additional information
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import of pMGD1 is reduced by thermolysin pretreatment of chloroplasts
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additional information
in a mutant ndufs4 of NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4 of Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0, the enzyme is located in the 400 and 450 kDa carbonic anhydrase-containing complexes accumulating in the ndufs4 mutant
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additional information
in Arabidopsis thaliana, 18 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, aaRSs, including of AtThr-tRNA synthetase, are dually targeted to mitochondria and chloroplasts. The C-terminal unstructured AtThrRS-dTP(30-60) part of the dual targeting peptide reveals very strong inhibition (90%) of the chloroplast import and affects the mitochondrial import to much lower extent (25%). The mitochondrial receptor Tom20 interacts mostly with the N-terminal portion of the AtThrRS-dTP(2-60) peptide, whereas the chloroplastic receptor Toc34 interacts with both the N- and C-terminal segments of the dual targeting peptide. The interaction of Toc34 with the C-terminal part of AtThrRS-dTP(2-60) shows that a helical structure is not required
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additional information
in contrast to the plant enzyme, the animal LKR/SDH is located in the mitochondria matrix. In Arabidopsis, a monofunctional SDH probably produced from the same gene encoding the bifunctional enzyme is located in the mitochondria
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additional information
in contrast to the plant enzyme, the animal LKR/SDH localizes in the mitochondria matrix. Monofunctional SDH has also been found in animals and in Arabidopsis thaliana
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additional information
in plants, the localization of PRORP1 in chloroplast and mitochondria differs from PRORP2 and 3 in the nucleus
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additional information
in young Arabidopsis seedlings, the enzyme is also associated with mitochondria
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additional information
insoluble
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additional information
isoform AtHD1 is excluded from the nucleolus
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additional information
isoforms AMK1 to AMK5 are much higher expressed than AMK6, while AMK7 is at the detection limit
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additional information
isoforms with different subcellular localization
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additional information
isozyme AtDHAR1 contains no clear targeting signal sequence
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additional information
isozyme AtDHAR2 contains no clear targeting signal sequence
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additional information
isozyme ATPS2 is alternatively translated into two different isoforms that dually localize in plastids and cytosol in Arabidopsis thaliana. Molecular mechanisms differentiating sulfate assimilation pathways in plastids and cytosol in plants, overview
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additional information
isozyme localization study, expression analysis of fluorescence-tagged ADT isozymes, overview. CFP-tagged ADT1-ADT5 localize to stroma and to areas seemingly close to the chloroplast just outside of the autofluorescence signal generated by chlorophyll. They often appear either in thread-like structures (e.g. the arrow in ADT2) or globular structures (e.g. the arrows in ADT4). The CFP-ADT6 pattern is distinctly different, showing a cytosolic distribution
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additional information
isozyme localization study, expression analysis of fluorescence-tagged ADT isozymes, overview. CFP-tagged ADT1-ADT5 localize to stroma and to areas seemingly close to the chloroplast just outside of the autofluorescence signal generated by chlorophyll. They often appear either in thread-like structures (e.g. the arrow in ADT2) or globular structures (e.g. the arrows in ADT4). The CFP-ADT6 pattern is distinctly different, showing a cytosolic distribution. In addition to its chloroplast localization, only CFP-ADT5 is also detected in nuclei
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additional information
isozyme localization study, expression analysis of fluorescence-tagged ADT isozymes, overview. CFP-tagged ADT1-ADT5 localize to stroma and to thread-like structures that are as seemingly close to the chloroplast just outside of the autofluorescence signal generated by chlorophyll. They often appear either in thread-like structures (e.g. the arrow in ADT2) or globular structures (e.g. the arrows in ADT4). The CFP-ADT6 pattern is distinctly different, showing a cytosolic distribution
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additional information
isozyme LPPbeta contains no plastidic transit peptide
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additional information
isozyme LPPdelta contains no plastidic transit peptide
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additional information
lipid X levels in mitochondria are 3 and 48fold higher than in chloroplasts or whole cell homogenates, respectively. Lipid X is undetectable in the plasma membrane
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additional information
localization study of recombinantly expressed fluorescence-tagged enzymes, overview
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additional information
localized at the plasma membrane, in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus of transgenic tobacco plants. Abundant in the membrane structure and weak in the cytoplasm of onion epidermal cells
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additional information
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mesophyll protoplasts are created to analyze differences in localization
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additional information
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mitochondrial or cytoplasmic localization
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additional information
modulation of the mitochondrial functionality by GSNOR, using cell suspension cultures with both higher and lower GSNOR levels, is demonstrated in Arabidopsis thaliana plants
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neither the AtAPY3 nor the AtAPY6 constructs significantly overlap with the cis-Golgi marker
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NNRD has multiple locations, prediction of an N-terminal transit peptides for NNRD with a probability of mitochondrial and plastid localization for NNRD, the recombinant YFP-tagged enzyme from leaf mesophyll shows localization in cytosol, chloroplast stroma, and mitochondria, overview. NNRD is predominantly (if not exclusively) found in chloroplasts and mitochondria
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additional information
no activity in mitochondrion and cytosol
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additional information
no activity in the cytosol
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additional information
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no detection in the cytosol
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additional information
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no enzyme in the mitochondria
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additional information
no fluorescence signal detected for full-length enzyme or its 610 N-terminal residues fused to eYFP or eGFP
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additional information
no localization in chloroplasts of isozyme AtCLH1
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additional information
no localization in chloroplasts of isozyme AtCLH2
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additional information
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no mitochondrial localization of HY1, HO3, and HO4
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additional information
not detected at the plasma membrane or in the extracellular space
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not in chloroplasts
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not in the nucleus
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not in the thylakoid membranes
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additional information
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not: mitochondrial
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PGL3 contains an N-terminal extension and a C-terminal peroxisome-targeting motif PTS1, subcellular localization of enzyme stages, overview. Besides redox-related and metabolic signals that influence dual-targeting of enzyme PGL3 in leaves, developmental and/or physiological state(s) play another role for subcellular enzyme localization in different plant parts, the metabolic state affects PGL3 targeting by absence/reduced stability of thioredoxin Trxm2
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additional information
phylogenetic analysis showed that plant PDAT can be grouped into four clades, two of which have one putative transmembrane domain (TMD) while the other two are predicted to be entirely soluble. The majority of PDAT in the database have the single-predicted TMD consisting of a small cytosolic N-terminus and a large C-terminal domain in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. The N-terminal region is hydrophilic with arginine clusters similar to those observed in DGAT1
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additional information
polyprenol reductases are diversely localized within the plant cell, isozyme expression analysis, overview
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additional information
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PP4 is not found at the centrosome in the plants
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additional information
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presence of amino-terminal extension characteristic of chloroplast transit peptides on DSH1 and DSH2 suggests that both proteins may be targeted to the chloroplast
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additional information
protein targeting to starch, PTST, is required for localising granule-bound starch synthase to starch granules and for normal amylose synthesis. PTST is a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module, the CBM domain of PTST, which mediates its interaction with starch granules, is required for correct enzyme GBSS localisation. PTST remains in the stroma impliing that it interacts only transiently with starch during the GBSS localisation
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additional information
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provide additional negative charges in the vicinity of the putative ER export site (D/E-X-D/E), thereby altering the recognition of this motif and resulting in the accumulation of PHT1;1 in the endoplasmic reticulum
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RCCR is constitutively expressed in chloroplasts, whereas in young seedlings and in response to stress, it is also localized to mitochondria
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second methionine residue in the deduced amino acid sequence, Met63, is located two residues C-terminal to the predicted cleavage site of the chloroplast transit peptide, N-terminal to Ser61. Alternative translation initiation from the corresponding downstream start codon can produce a cytosolic isoform, lacking the chloroplast transit peptide
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additional information
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sensitivity to thermolysin suggests that the enzyme is located on the outside of the outer envelope of the chloroplast
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additional information
subcellular localization analysis, overview
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subcellular localization of isozymes, overview
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subcellular localization of isozymes, overview, the enzyme must undergo membrane translocation for access of diacylglycerols
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additional information
subcellular localization of members of the Arabidopsis thaliana GST superfamily, differential targeting, overview
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additional information
subcellular localization of the three isoforms of FPGS in Arabidopsis thaliana: FPGS1 is localized in plastid, FPGS2 in mitochondria, and FPGS3 in the cytosol
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subcellular localization study
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subcellular localization study, expression analysis, overview
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additional information
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subcellular localization study, overview
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additional information
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subcellular localizationof isozymes, overview
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additional information
the Arabidopsis thaliana arginine decarboxylase enzymes exhibit a dual subcellular localization both in the cytosol and chloroplast. The isozymes AtADC1 and AtADC2 are able to form homodimers in the cytosol and chloroplast. The formation of AtADC1/AtADC2 heterodimers occurs with similar subcellular localization than homodimers. Both ADC proteins are located in the same cell compartments, and they are able to form protein interaction complexes with each other
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additional information
the AtAPY3 C-terminal YFP construct results in an internal punctate signal with minimal cis-Golgi marker overlap. Neither the AtAPY3 nor the AtAPY6 constructs significantly overlap with the cis-Golgi marker
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additional information
the enzyme contains a signal peptide
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the enzyme has a predicted signal peptide for the secretory pathway
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additional information
the enzyme has no transmembrane domain
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the enzyme is absent in the embryo
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the enzyme is markedly present in the vacuole and the cell wall, and to a lesser extent in the cytosol of transgenic Nicotiana tabacum
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the enzyme is not localized to the plastids
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the enzyme is part of a separate translocon complex in chlorplasts
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additional information
the enzyme is predominantly (if not exclusively) found in chloroplasts and mitochondria
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additional information
the extraplastidial CDS proteins of Arabidopsis thaliana lack typical N-terminal targeting sequences
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additional information
the GWD full-length protein binds to native starch granules in vivo and in vitro. Binding of GWD in vivo is dependent on the metabolic status of the cells. A significantly higher proportion of the dikinases is associated with native leaf starch granules isolated during the dark period than in the light phase of the photoperiod
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additional information
the in vitro synthesized enzyme is taken up by specific transport into chloroplasts of Pisum sativum, and in mitochondria of Solanum tuberosum, the imported protein becomes processed in both cases
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additional information
the levels of transcripts are low at day 0 and increase markedly at day 1, then gradually decrease
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additional information
the major isoforms, OAS-TL A, OAS-TL B, and OAS-TL C, catalyze the formation of Cys by combining O-acetylserine and sulfide in the cytosol, the plastids, and the mitochondria, respectively. Subcellular localization of OAS-TL proteins is more important for efficient Cys synthesis than total cellular OAS-TL activity in leaves
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additional information
the NAD(P)HX dehydratase co-localizes with an epimerase, that rapidly interconverts (R)- and (S)-NAD(P)HX
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additional information
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the NDPK isozymes are localized in different subcelllar compartments, distribution, overview
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additional information
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the plant isozymes contain an N-terminal membrane-spanning domain, subcellular localization study, overview
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additional information
three putative chloroplastic Hsp70 isozymes, two of them, AtHsp70-6 and AtHsp70-7 (alternatively called cpHsc70-1 and cpHsc70-2, respectively, for chloroplast Heat shock cognate protein, 70 kD) are localized in the soluble fraction of chloroplasts while the third, AtHsp70-8, is not even imported into chloroplasts in vitro
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additional information
two distinct stromal components are involved in post-translational transport of plastidic SPase I 1 (Plsp1) from Arabidopsis thaliana, which contains a single transmembrane domain. During import into isolated chloroplasts, Plsp1 is targeted to the membrane via a soluble intermediate in an ATP hydrolysis-dependent manner. Insertion of Plsp1 into isolated chloroplast membranes, by contrast, is found to occur by two distinct mechanisms. The first mechanism requires ATP hydrolysis and the protein conducting channel cpSecY1 and is strongly enhanced by exogenously added cpSecA1. The second mechanism is independent of nucleoside triphosphates and proteinaceous components but with a high frequency of mis-orientation. This unassisted insertion is inhibited by urea and stroma extract. During import-chase assays using intact chloroplasts, Plsp1 is incorporated into a soluble 700-kDa complex that co-migrates with the Cpn60 complex before inserting into the membrane. The transmembrane domain within Plsp1 is required for the cpSecA1-dependent insertion but is dispensable for association with the 700-kDa complex and also for unassisted membrane insertion. Cooperation of Cpn60 and cpSecA1 for proper membrane insertion of Plsp1 by cpSecY1. Mechanism of Plsp1 transport, overview. The lumenal portion of Plsp1 can spontaneously insert into the membrane from the cis-side, but this nonspecific event is prevented by integration into a large complex in the stroma that co-migrates with a chaperonin-60 (Cpn60) complex. Import of the Arabidopsis enzyme into isolated pea chloroplasts. The C-terminal portion of Plsp1 including catalytic residues is predicted to form a hydrophobic surface at the trans-side of the membrane. This folding is necessary for hydrolysis of peptide bonds near or in the membrane at the trans-side, although premature folding would lead to incorrect insertion from the cis-side
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additional information
UGT80B1:GFP is localized in the hechtian strands, connecting the retracting protoplast from the cell wall. Wild-type exhibits clear cell periphery localization of SCM:GFP in one of the two cell files, differentiating developing H cells from N cells. In ugt80B1 mutants, a decrease in cell peripheral localization of SCM:GFP can be seen, and signal is detected in both H and N cell files indicating a loss in cell-type specific accumulation of SCRAMBLED (SCM). An increase in cytoplasmic punctae labeled with SCM:GFP is visible in both cell files in ugt80B1
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