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Literature summary extracted from

  • Volke, D.C.; Rohwer, J.; Fischer, R.; Jennewein, S.
    Investigation of the methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway for microbial terpenoid production through metabolic control analysis (2019), Microb. Cell Fact., 18, 192.
    View publication on PubMed

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
1.17.7.3 additional information simple overexpression of IspG and IspH (EC 1.17.7.4) does not increase the flux towards terpenoids via the MEP pathway Escherichia coli
1.17.7.4 additional information simple overexpression of IspG (EC 1.17.7.3) and IspH does not increase the flux towards terpenoids via the MEP pathway Escherichia coli

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.17.7.3 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate + 2 reduced flavodoxin Escherichia coli
-
 (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + H2O + 2 oxidized flavodoxin
-
 ?
1.17.7.3 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate + 2 reduced flavodoxin Escherichia coli K12
-
 (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + H2O + 2 oxidized flavodoxin
-
 ?
1.17.7.4 (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ Escherichia coli
-
 3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl diphosphate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.7.4 (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ Escherichia coli K12
-
 3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl diphosphate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.7.4 (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ Escherichia coli
-
 prenyl diphosphate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.7.4 (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ Escherichia coli K12
-
 prenyl diphosphate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.7.4 additional information Escherichia coli the enzyme produces a 5:1 mixture of 3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl diphosphate and prenyl diphosphate ?
-
 ?
1.17.7.4 additional information Escherichia coli K12 the enzyme produces a 5:1 mixture of 3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl diphosphate and prenyl diphosphate ?
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.17.7.3 Escherichia coli P62620
-
-
1.17.7.3 Escherichia coli K12 P62620
-
-
1.17.7.4 Escherichia coli P62623
-
-
1.17.7.4 Escherichia coli K12 P62623
-
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.17.7.3 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate + 2 reduced flavodoxin
-
 Escherichia coli (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + H2O + 2 oxidized flavodoxin
-
 ?
1.17.7.3 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate + 2 reduced flavodoxin
-
 Escherichia coli K12 (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + H2O + 2 oxidized flavodoxin
-
 ?
1.17.7.3 additional information turnover numbers of IspG are measured using artificial reducing agents Escherichia coli ?
-
 ?
1.17.7.3 additional information turnover numbers of IspG are measured using artificial reducing agents Escherichia coli K12 ?
-
 ?
1.17.7.4 (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+
-
 Escherichia coli 3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl diphosphate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.7.4 (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+
-
 Escherichia coli K12 3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl diphosphate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.7.4 (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+
-
 Escherichia coli prenyl diphosphate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.7.4 (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+
-
 Escherichia coli K12 prenyl diphosphate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.7.4 additional information the enzyme produces a 5:1 mixture of 3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl diphosphate and prenyl diphosphate Escherichia coli ?
-
 ?
1.17.7.4 additional information turnover numbers of IspH are measured using artificial reducing agents Escherichia coli ?
-
 ?
1.17.7.4 additional information the enzyme produces a 5:1 mixture of 3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl diphosphate and prenyl diphosphate Escherichia coli K12 ?
-
 ?
1.17.7.4 additional information turnover numbers of IspH are measured using artificial reducing agents Escherichia coli K12 ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.17.7.3 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate synthase
-
 Escherichia coli
1.17.7.3 HMBPP synthase
-
 Escherichia coli
1.17.7.3 IspG
-
 Escherichia coli
1.17.7.4 (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase
-
 Escherichia coli
1.17.7.4 HMBPP reductase
-
 Escherichia coli
1.17.7.4 ispH
-
 Escherichia coli

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.17.7.3 flavodoxin
-
 Escherichia coli
1.17.7.3 additional information IspG needs several cofactors for its activity Escherichia coli
1.17.7.4 Ferredoxin
-
 Escherichia coli

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.17.7.3 metabolism terpenoids are of high interest as chemical building blocks and pharmaceuticals. In microbes, terpenoids can be synthesized via the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) or mevalonate (MVA) pathways. In the MEP pathway of Escherichia coli recombinantly expressing isoprene synthase (ispS) from Populus alba, the endogenous expression of 1-deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate synthase (Dxs) controls the flux through the MEP pathway increasing the 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate (MEcPP) concentration to a higher amount compared to the other MEP pathway intermediates. Thus, 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate synthase (IspG), which consumes MEcPP, becomes saturated and therefore limits the flux towards isoprene. The higher intracellular concentrations of MEcPP lead to the efflux of this intermediate into the growth medium. Proteomic and metabolomic analysis of the MEP pathway, overview Escherichia coli
1.17.7.3 additional information simple overexpression of IspG and IspH (EC 1.17.7.4) does not increase the flux towards terpenoids via the MEP pathway Escherichia coli
1.17.7.4 metabolism terpenoids are of high interest as chemical building blocks and pharmaceuticals. In microbes, terpenoids can be synthesized via the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) or mevalonate (MVA) pathways. In the MEP pathway of Escherichia coli recombinantly expressing isoprene synthase (ispS) from Populus alba, the endogenous expression of 1-deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate synthase (Dxs) controls the flux through the MEP pathway increasing the 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate (MEcPP) concentration to a higher amount compared to the other MEP pathway intermediates. Thus, 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate synthase (IspG), which consumes MEcPP, becomes saturated and therefore limits the flux towards isoprene. The higher intracellular concentrations of MEcPP lead to the efflux of this intermediate into the growth medium. Proteomic and metabolomic analysis of the MEP pathway, overview Escherichia coli
1.17.7.4 additional information simple overexpression of IspG (EC 1.17.7.3) and IspH does not increase the flux towards terpenoids via the MEP pathway Escherichia coli