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Literature summary extracted from

  • Maddison, D.C.; Alfonso-Nunez, M.; Swaih, A.M.; Breda, C.; Campesan, S.; Allcock, N.; Straatman-Iwanowska, A.; Kyriacou, C.P.; Giorgini, F.
    A novel role for kynurenine 3-monooxygenase in mitochondrial dynamics (2020), PLoS Genet., 16, e1009129 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.14.13.9 gene cinnabar, quantitative enzyme expression analysis, gene cinnabar genetically interacts with the Parkinson's disease associated genes Pink1 and parkin, as well as the mitochondrial fission gene Drp1, implicating KMO in mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy, mechanisms which govern the maintenance of a healthy mitochondrial network. Overexpression of human KMO in HEK-293T cells. Cinnabar genetically interacts with Pink1 and parkin in a mechanism independent of KP metabolism, overview Drosophila melanogaster

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
1.14.13.9 additional information cinnabar null cn3 line analysis, the aspect ratio and Feret's diameter are increased in cn3 flies compared to Canton S control flies, reflecting mitochondrial elongation arising from KMO deficiency. Mitochondrial respiratory capacity and locomotor activity are decreased in cn flies, independent from 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine (3-HK) synthesis. Gene cinnabar silencing with about 80% knockdown resulting in an elongation of the mitochondrial network compared with cells treated with the control dsRNAi construct, phenotype overview. Drp1 upregulation reverses climbing phenotype of cn-deficient flies Drosophila melanogaster

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
1.14.13.9 mitochondrial outer membrane KMO is localized to the outer mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotic organisms Drosophila melanogaster 5741
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Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.14.13.9 L-kynurenine + NADPH + H+ + O2 Drosophila melanogaster
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 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?
1.14.13.9 L-kynurenine + NADPH + H+ + O2 Drosophila melanogaster Canton S
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 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.14.13.9 Drosophila melanogaster A1Z746
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-
1.14.13.9 Drosophila melanogaster Canton S A1Z746
-
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.14.13.9 eye cinnabar expression is highly enriched in the Drosophila compound eye Drosophila melanogaster
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Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.14.13.9 L-kynurenine + NADPH + H+ + O2
-
 Drosophila melanogaster 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?
1.14.13.9 L-kynurenine + NADPH + H+ + O2
-
 Drosophila melanogaster Canton S 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.14.13.9 cinnabar
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 Drosophila melanogaster
1.14.13.9 KMO
-
 Drosophila melanogaster

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.14.13.9 FAD
-
 Drosophila melanogaster
1.14.13.9 NADPH
-
 Drosophila melanogaster

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.14.13.9 malfunction KMO-deficient Drosophila melanogaster shows mitochondrial phenotypes in vitro and in vivo, overview. Loss of function allele or RNAi knockdown of the Drosophila KMO orthologue gene cinnabar causes a range of morphological and functional alterations to mitochondria, which are independent of changes to levels of KP metabolites. Elongated mitochondria are observed in cinnabar deficient fly models. Mitochondrial DRP1 Ser637 phosphorylation is reduced by KMO overexpression, resulting in an increase in mitochondrial fission Drosophila melanogaster
1.14.13.9 metabolism enzyme kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO) operates at a critical branch-point in the kynurenine pathway (KP), the major route of tryptophan metabolism. KMO modulates DRP1 post-translational regulation Drosophila melanogaster
1.14.13.9 physiological function role for kynurenine 3-monooxygenase in mitochondrial dynamics. KMO plays a role in the post-translational regulation of DRP1, mitochondrial role for KMO, independent from its enzymatic role in the kynurenine pathway (KP) Drosophila melanogaster