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Literature summary extracted from

  • Koschmieder, J.; Fehling-Kaschek, M.; Schaub, P.; Ghisla, S.; Brausemann, A.; Timmer, J.; Beyer, P.
    Plant-type phytoene desaturase functional evaluation of structural implications (2017), PLoS ONE, 12, e0187628 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Application

EC Number Application Comment Organism
1.3.5.5 agriculture phytoene desaturase is a prominent target of certain inhibitors, such as norflurazon, acting as bleaching herbicides Oryza sativa Indica Group

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.3.5.5 gene OsI_010044 or PDS1, recombinant expression of wild-type and mutant His6-tagged enzymes OsPDS in Escherichia coli Oryza sativa Indica Group

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
1.3.5.5 F162V -directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows below 5% activity compared to wild-type enzyme Oryza sativa Indica Group
1.3.5.5 L538F -directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows below 5% activity compared to wild-type enzyme Oryza sativa Indica Group
1.3.5.5 L538R -directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows below 5% activity compared to wild-type enzyme Oryza sativa Indica Group
1.3.5.5 R300S -directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows below 5% activity compared to wild-type enzyme Oryza sativa Indica Group
1.3.5.5 R300T site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows below 5% activity compared to wild-type enzyme Oryza sativa Indica Group
1.3.5.5 T508V -directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows below 5% activity compared to wild-type enzyme Oryza sativa Indica Group
1.3.5.5 Y506F -directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows below 5% activity compared to wild-type enzyme Oryza sativa Indica Group

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
1.3.5.5 norflurazon NFZ, competitive inhibition, inhibition kinetics with enzyme mutant R300S Oryza sativa Indica Group

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
1.3.5.5 additional information
-
additional information Michaelis-Menten kinetics Oryza sativa Indica Group

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.3.5.5 15,9'-dicis-phytofluene + plastoquinone Oryza sativa Indica Group
-
9,15,9'-tricis-zeta-carotene + plastoquinol
-
?
1.3.5.5 15-cis-phytoene + plastoquinone Oryza sativa Indica Group
-
15,9'-dicis-phytofluene + plastoquinol
-
?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.3.5.5 Oryza sativa Indica Group A2XDA1
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
1.3.5.5 recombinant wild-type and mutant His6-tagged enzymes OsPDS from Escherichia coli by nickel affinity chromatography Oryza sativa Indica Group

Reaction

EC Number Reaction Comment Organism Reaction ID
1.3.5.5 15-cis-phytoene + 2 plastoquinone = 9,15,9'-tricis-zeta-carotene + 2 plastoquinol overall reaction, ordered ping-pong bi-bi mechanism, both lipophilic substrates are bound inside the same substrate cavity that cannot be occupied by both simultaneously. The central 15-cis configuration of phytoene mediates the regiospecificity in catalysis Oryza sativa Indica Group

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.3.5.5 15,9'-dicis-phytofluene + plastoquinone
-
Oryza sativa Indica Group 9,15,9'-tricis-zeta-carotene + plastoquinol
-
?
1.3.5.5 15-cis-phytoene + plastoquinone
-
Oryza sativa Indica Group 15,9'-dicis-phytofluene + plastoquinol
-
?
1.3.5.5 15-cis-phytoene + plastoquinone decyl-plastoquinone is used for enzyme assays Oryza sativa Indica Group 15,9'-dicis-phytofluene + plastoquinol
-
?
1.3.5.5 additional information PDS requires plastoquinone as a directly interacting co-substrate to reoxidize the enzyme-bound FADred formed upon desaturation. The enzyme structure has led to the conclusion that both lipophilic substrates are bound inside the same substrate cavity that cannot be occupied by both simultaneously. The central 15-cis configuration of phytoene mediates the regiospecificity in catalysis, overview. LC-MS analysis of PDS desaturation products produced from asymmetric (C35) 15-cis-norphytoene Oryza sativa Indica Group ?
-
-

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.3.5.5 OsPDS
-
Oryza sativa Indica Group
1.3.5.5 PDS
-
Oryza sativa Indica Group
1.3.5.5 PDS1
-
Oryza sativa Indica Group
1.3.5.5 phytoene desaturase
-
Oryza sativa Indica Group
1.3.5.5 plant-type phytoene desaturase
-
Oryza sativa Indica Group

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.3.5.5 35
-
-
Oryza sativa Indica Group

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
1.3.5.5 6.5
-
-
Oryza sativa Indica Group

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.3.5.5 FAD PDS requires plastoquinone as a directly interacting co-substrate to reoxidize the enzyme-bound FADred formed upon desaturation Oryza sativa Indica Group

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.3.5.5 additional information using the crystal structure of Oryza sativa PDS in complex with norflurazon, the relevance of homotetrameric assembly of the enzyme observed in crystallo is determined by dynamic mathematical modeling of reaction time courses, substrate channeling occurs of the intermediate phytofluene between individual subunits at membrane surfaces Oryza sativa Indica Group
1.3.5.5 physiological function phytoene desaturase (PDS) is an essential plant carotenoid biosynthetic enzyme. PDS catalyzes the introduction of two double bonds into 15-cis-phytoene, yielding 9,15,9'-tri-cis-zeta-carotene via the intermediate 9,15-di-cis-phytofluene Oryza sativa Indica Group