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Literature summary extracted from

  • Mizutani, Y.; Kihara, A.; Chiba, H.; Tojo, H.; Igarashi, Y.
    2-Hydroxy-ceramide synthesis by ceramide synthase family enzymatic basis for the preference of FA chain length (2008), J. Lipid Res., 49, 2356-2364 .
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
2.3.1.24 gene CERS5, recombinant expression in HEK-293T cells, quantitative real-time quantitative PCR enzyme expression analysis Homo sapiens
2.3.1.24 gene CERS6, recombinant expression in HEK-293T cells, quantitative real-time quantitative PCR enzyme expression analysis Homo sapiens
2.3.1.297 gene CERS2, recombinant expression in HEK-293T cells, quantitative real-time quantitative PCR enzyme expression analysis Homo sapiens
2.3.1.297 gene CERS4, recombinant expression in HEK-293T cells, quantitative real-time quantitative PCR enzyme expression analysis Homo sapiens
2.3.1.298 expressed in HEK-293T cells Homo sapiens
2.3.1.298 gene CERS3, recombinant expression in HEK-293T cells, quantitative real-time quantitative PCR enzyme expression analysis Homo sapiens
2.3.1.299 gene CERS1, recombinant expression in HEK-293T cells, quantitative real-time quantitative PCR enzyme expression analysis Homo sapiens

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
2.3.1.24 additional information knockdown of CerS6 by siRNA. Profiles of non-hydroxylated and 2-hydroxy-ceramides in transgenic HeLa cells expressing different CerS isozymes and or different specific interfence RNAs, overview Homo sapiens
2.3.1.24 additional information profiles of non-hydroxylated and 2-hydroxy-ceramides in transgenic HeLa cells expressing different CerS isozymes and or different specific interfence RNAs, overview Homo sapiens
2.3.1.297 additional information in HeLa cells overproducing the fatty acid 2-hydroxylase FA2H, knockdown of CerS2 by siRNA results in a reduction in total long-chain 2-hydroxy-ceramides, confirming enzyme substrate specificity for chain length. Profiles of non-hydroxylated and 2-hydroxy-ceramides in transgenic HeLa cells expressing different CerS isozymes and or different specific interfence RNAs, overview Homo sapiens
2.3.1.297 additional information profiles of non-hydroxylated and 2-hydroxy-ceramides in transgenic HeLa cells expressing different CerS isozymes and or different specific interfence RNAs, overview Homo sapiens
2.3.1.298 additional information profiles of non-hydroxylated and 2-hydroxy-ceramides in transgenic HeLa cells expressing different CerS isozymes and or different specific interfence RNAs, overview Homo sapiens
2.3.1.299 additional information profiles of non-hydroxylated and 2-hydroxy-ceramides in transgenic HeLa cells expressing different CerS isozymes and or different specific interfence RNAs, overview Homo sapiens

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
2.3.1.298 fumonisin B1
-
 Homo sapiens

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
2.3.1.24 additional information Homo sapiens CerS6 lysate produces nonhydroxy-dihydro-ceramides that included strong bands for C14:0- and C16:0-dihydro-ceramide, but a weak band for C18:0-dihydro-ceramide ?
-
 ?
2.3.1.24 sphingosine + palmitoyl-CoA Homo sapiens
-
 N-palmitoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.297 sphingosine + behenoyl-CoA Homo sapiens
-
 N-behenoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.297 sphingosine + eicosanoyl-CoA Homo sapiens
-
 N-eicosanoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.297 sphingosine + lignoceroyl-CoA Homo sapiens
-
 N-lignoceroylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 an ultra-long-chain fatty acyl-CoA + a sphingoid base Homo sapiens
-
 an ultra-long-chain ceramide + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 sphingosine + behenoyl-CoA Homo sapiens
-
 N-behenoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 sphingosine + eicosanoyl-CoA Homo sapiens
-
 N-eicosanoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 sphingosine + lignoceroyl-CoA Homo sapiens
-
 N-lignoceroylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 sphingosine + palmitoyl-CoA Homo sapiens
-
 N-palmitoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 sphingosine + stearoyl-CoA Homo sapiens
-
 N-stearoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.299 dihydrosphingosine + 2-hydroxystearoyl-CoA Homo sapiens
-
 N-2-hydroxystearoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.299 dihydrosphingosine + stearoyl-CoA Homo sapiens
-
 N-stearoyldihydrosphingosine + CoA
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
2.3.1.24 Homo sapiens Q6ZMG9
-
-
2.3.1.24 Homo sapiens Q8N5B7
-
-
2.3.1.297 Homo sapiens Q96G23
-
-
2.3.1.297 Homo sapiens Q9HA82
-
-
2.3.1.298 Homo sapiens
-
-
-
2.3.1.298 Homo sapiens Q8IU89
-
-
2.3.1.299 Homo sapiens P27544
-
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
2.3.1.24 keratinocyte epidermal, expression analysis of the CerS family members during keratinocyte differentiation, overview Homo sapiens
-
2.3.1.297 keratinocyte epidermal, expression analysis of the CerS family members during keratinocyte differentiation, overview. A slight increase in CerS4 mRNA is observed at the late stage of differentiation Homo sapiens
-
2.3.1.297 keratinocyte epidermal, expression analysis of the CerS family members during keratinocyte differentiation, overview. Expression of CerS2 mRNA remains nearly unchanged during differentiation Homo sapiens
-
2.3.1.298 epidermis
-
 Homo sapiens
-
2.3.1.298 keratinocyte
-
 Homo sapiens
-
2.3.1.298 keratinocyte epidermal, expression analysis of the CerS family members during keratinocyte differentiation, overview. Upon differentiation, CerS3 mRNA expression significantly increases and remains high throughout differentiation Homo sapiens
-
2.3.1.299 keratinocyte
-
 Homo sapiens
-
2.3.1.299 additional information expression analysis of the CerS family members during epidermal keratinocyte differentiation, overview. For all CerS family members except CerS1, mRNA expression is detected in undifferentiated keratinocytes Homo sapiens
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2.3.1.24 additional information substrate specificity, overview Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?
2.3.1.24 additional information CerS6 lysate produces nonhydroxy-dihydro-ceramides that included strong bands for C14:0- and C16:0-dihydro-ceramide, but a weak band for C18:0-dihydro-ceramide Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?
2.3.1.24 sphingosine + 2-hydroxy-palmitoyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-2-hydroxy-palmitoyl-sphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.24 sphingosine + palmitoyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-palmitoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.297 additional information substrate specificity, overview Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?
2.3.1.297 additional information substrate specificity, overview. Long-chain preference of CerS2 Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?
2.3.1.297 sphingosine + 2-hydroxybehenoyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-2-hydroxybehenoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.297 sphingosine + 2-hydroxyeicosanoyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-2-hydroxyeicosanoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.297 sphingosine + 2-hydroxylignoceroyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-2-hydroxylignoceroylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.297 sphingosine + behenoyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-behenoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.297 sphingosine + eicosanoyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-eicosanoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.297 sphingosine + lignoceroyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-lignoceroylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 an ultra-long-chain fatty acyl-CoA + a sphingoid base
-
 Homo sapiens an ultra-long-chain ceramide + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 behenoyl-CoA + dihydrosphingosine
-
 Homo sapiens CoA + N-behenoyldihydrosphingosine
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 lignoceroyl-CoA + dihydrosphingosine highest activity Homo sapiens CoA + N-lignoceroyldihydrosphingosine
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 additional information isozyme CerS3 exhibits broad substrate specificity toward medium- to long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs (short-chain having less than C18, medium-chain with C18-C22, and long-chain with more than C22). In HEK-293T cells overproducing both CerS3 and 4-hydroxysphinganine ceramide fatty acyl 2-hydroxylase (FA2H), no 2-hydroxy-C16:0-ceramide is detected, but both medium- and long-chain 2-hydroxy-ceramides. CerS3 may use both medium- and long-chain 2-hydroxy-fatty acyl-CoAs as substrates Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 additional information the enzyme can also use both medium- and long-chain 2-hydroxy-fatty acyl-CoAs as substrates Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 sphingosine + 2-hydroxybehenoyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-2-hydroxybehenoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 sphingosine + 2-hydroxyeicosanoyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-2-hydroxyeicosanoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 sphingosine + 2-hydroxylignoceroyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-2-hydroxylignoceroylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 sphingosine + 2-hydroxypalmitoyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-2-hydroxypalmitoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 sphingosine + 2-hydroxystearoyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-2-hydroxystearoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 sphingosine + behenoyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-behenoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 sphingosine + eicosanoyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-eicosanoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 sphingosine + lignoceroyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-lignoceroylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 sphingosine + palmitoyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-palmitoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 sphingosine + stearoyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-stearoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.298 stearoyl-CoA + dihydrosphingosine
-
 Homo sapiens CoA + N-stearoyldihydrosphingosine
-
 ?
2.3.1.299 dihydrosphingosine + 2-hydroxystearoyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-2-hydroxystearoylsphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.299 dihydrosphingosine + stearoyl-CoA
-
 Homo sapiens N-stearoyldihydrosphingosine + CoA
-
 ?
2.3.1.299 additional information substrate specificity, overview. CerS1 can use C18:0-CoA but not C18:1-CoA as a substrate Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
2.3.1.24 ceramide synthase 5
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.24 ceramide synthase 6
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.24 CerS5
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.24 CerS6
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.24 LASS5
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.24 Lass6
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.24 longevity assurance homologue 5
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.24 longevity assurance homologue 6
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.297 ceramide synthase 2
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.297 ceramide synthase 4
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.297 CerS2
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.297 CerS4
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.297 Lass2
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.297 Lass4
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.297 longevity assurance homologue 2
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.297 longevity assurance homologue 4
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.298 ceramide synthase 3
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.298 CerS3
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.298 LASS3
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.298 longevity assurance homologue 3
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.299 ceramide synthase 1
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.299 CerS1
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.299 LASS1
-
 Homo sapiens
2.3.1.299 longevity assurance homologue 1
-
 Homo sapiens

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
2.3.1.24 37
-
 assay at Homo sapiens
2.3.1.297 37
-
 assay at Homo sapiens
2.3.1.298 37
-
 assay at Homo sapiens
2.3.1.299 37
-
 assay at Homo sapiens

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
2.3.1.24 7.5
-
 assay at Homo sapiens
2.3.1.297 7.5
-
 assay at Homo sapiens
2.3.1.298 7.5
-
 assay at Homo sapiens
2.3.1.299 7.5
-
 assay at Homo sapiens

Expression

EC Number Organism Comment Expression
2.3.1.298 Homo sapiens enzyme mRNA expression significantly increases and remains high throughout keratinocyte differentiation up

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
2.3.1.24 malfunction profiles of non-hydroxylated and 2-hydroxy-ceramides in transgenic HeLa cells expressing different CerS isozymes and or different specific interfence RNAs, overview Homo sapiens
2.3.1.24 physiological function differences in the expression patterns of CerS family members may play an important role in the production of the CER/2-hydroxy ceramide (CER) compositions of different chain lengths observed in different cell types and even in the altered production that occurring during keratinocyte differentiation Homo sapiens
2.3.1.297 malfunction in HeLa cells overproducing the fatty acid 2-hydroxylase FA2H, knockdown of CerS2 results in a reduction in total long-chain 2-hydroxy-ceramides, confirming enzyme substrate specificity for chain length. Profiles of non-hydroxylated and 2-hydroxy-ceramides in transgenic HeLa cells expressing different CerS isozymes and or different specific interfence RNAs, overview Homo sapiens
2.3.1.297 malfunction profiles of non-hydroxylated and 2-hydroxy-ceramides in transgenic HeLa cells expressing different CerS isozymes and or different specific interfence RNAs, overview Homo sapiens
2.3.1.297 physiological function differences in the expression patterns of CerS family members may play an important role in the production of the CER/2-hydroxy ceramide (CER) compositions of different chain lengths observed in different cell types and even in the altered production that occurring during keratinocyte differentiation Homo sapiens
2.3.1.298 malfunction profiles of non-hydroxylated and 2-hydroxy-ceramides in transgenic HeLa cells expressing different CerS isozymes and or different specific interfence RNAs, overview Homo sapiens
2.3.1.298 physiological function isozyme CerS3 may be important in ceramide and 2-hydroxy-ceramide synthesis in epidermis. Differences in the expression patterns of CerS family members may play an important role in the production of the CER/2-hydroxy ceramide (CER) compositions of different chain lengths observed in different cell types and even in the altered production that occurring during keratinocyte differentiation Homo sapiens
2.3.1.299 malfunction profiles of non-hydroxylated and 2-hydroxy-ceramides in transgenic HeLa cells expressing different CerS isozymes and or different specific interfence RNAs, overview Homo sapiens
2.3.1.299 physiological function differences in the expression patterns of CerS family members may play an important role in the production of the CER/2-hydroxy ceramide (CER) compositions of different chain lengths observed in different cell types and even in the altered production that occurring during keratinocyte differentiation Homo sapiens