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Literature summary extracted from

  • Banta, A.B.; Wei, J.H.; Welander, P.V.
    A distinct pathway for tetrahymanol synthesis in bacteria (2015), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 112, 13478-13483 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Application

EC Number Application Comment Organism
4.2.1.123 diagnostics tetrahymanol is a polycyclic triterpenoid lipid in the Tetrahymena ciliates. The diagenetic product, gammacerane, is often used as a biomarker for water column stratification in ancient ecosystems Tetrahymena thermophila

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
4.2.1.B28 gene MEALZ_1626 or rhs, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, phylogenetics and metagenomics, recombinant expression in Methylococcus capsulatus Bath strains Methylotuvimicrobium alcaliphilum
4.2.1.B28 gene Rpal_0860 or ths, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, phylogenetics and metagenomics, recombinant expression in and functional complementation of DELTAths deletion mutant strain of Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum Rhodopseudomonas palustris
4.2.1.123 gene ths, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons Tetrahymena thermophila

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
4.2.1.B28 additional information construction of a DELTAths deletion mutant, functional complementation by expression of gene Rpal_0860, encoding wild-type Ths, and gene shc from Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum strain 20Z Methylotuvimicrobium alcaliphilum

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
4.2.1.B28 additional information Rhodopseudomonas palustris the enzyme catalyzes steps in the synthesis of tetrahymanol from hopene ?
-
?
4.2.1.B28 additional information Methylotuvimicrobium alcaliphilum the enzyme catalyzes steps in the synthesis of tetrahymanol from hopene ?
-
?
4.2.1.B28 additional information Rhodopseudomonas palustris TIE-1 the enzyme catalyzes steps in the synthesis of tetrahymanol from hopene ?
-
?
4.2.1.B28 additional information Methylotuvimicrobium alcaliphilum DSM 19304 / NCIMB 14124 / VKM B-2133 / 20Z the enzyme catalyzes steps in the synthesis of tetrahymanol from hopene ?
-
?
4.2.1.123 squalene + H2O Tetrahymena thermophila
-
tetrahymanol
-
?
4.2.1.123 squalene + H2O Tetrahymena thermophila SB210
-
tetrahymanol
-
?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
4.2.1.B28 Methylotuvimicrobium alcaliphilum G4SZH3
-
-
4.2.1.B28 Methylotuvimicrobium alcaliphilum DSM 19304 / NCIMB 14124 / VKM B-2133 / 20Z G4SZH3
-
-
4.2.1.B28 Rhodopseudomonas palustris B3QED8
-
-
4.2.1.B28 Rhodopseudomonas palustris TIE-1 B3QED8
-
-
4.2.1.123 Tetrahymena thermophila Q24FB1
-
-
4.2.1.123 Tetrahymena thermophila SB210 Q24FB1
-
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
4.2.1.B28 hopene + H2O
-
Rhodopseudomonas palustris tetrahymanol
-
?
4.2.1.B28 hopene + H2O
-
Rhodopseudomonas palustris TIE-1 tetrahymanol
-
?
4.2.1.B28 additional information the enzyme catalyzes steps in the synthesis of tetrahymanol from hopene Rhodopseudomonas palustris ?
-
?
4.2.1.B28 additional information the enzyme catalyzes steps in the synthesis of tetrahymanol from hopene Methylotuvimicrobium alcaliphilum ?
-
?
4.2.1.B28 additional information the enzyme catalyzes steps in the synthesis of tetrahymanol from hopene Rhodopseudomonas palustris TIE-1 ?
-
?
4.2.1.B28 additional information the enzyme catalyzes steps in the synthesis of tetrahymanol from hopene Methylotuvimicrobium alcaliphilum DSM 19304 / NCIMB 14124 / VKM B-2133 / 20Z ?
-
?
4.2.1.123 squalene + H2O
-
Tetrahymena thermophila tetrahymanol
-
?
4.2.1.123 squalene + H2O
-
Tetrahymena thermophila SB210 tetrahymanol
-
?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
4.2.1.B28 MEALZ_1626
-
Methylotuvimicrobium alcaliphilum
4.2.1.B28 Rpal_0860
-
Rhodopseudomonas palustris
4.2.1.B28 Ths
-
Rhodopseudomonas palustris
4.2.1.B28 Ths
-
Methylotuvimicrobium alcaliphilum
4.2.1.123 squalene-tetrahymanol cyclase
-
Tetrahymena thermophila
4.2.1.123 STC
-
Tetrahymena thermophila

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
4.2.1.B28 evolution tetrahymanol synthase (Ths) is found in a variety of bacterial genomes, including aerobic methanotrophs, nitrite-oxidizers, and sulfate-reducers, and in a subset of aquatic and terrestrial metagenomes. The potential to produce tetrahymanol is more widespread in the bacterial domain than previously thought. Ths is not encoded in any eukaryotic genomes, nor is it homologous to eukaryotic squalene-tetrahymanol cyclase (EC 4.2.1.123), which catalyzes the cyclization of squalene directly to tetrahymanol Rhodopseudomonas palustris
4.2.1.B28 evolution tetrahymanol synthase (Ths) is found in a variety of bacterial genomes, including aerobic methanotrophs, nitrite-oxidizers, and sulfate-reducers, and in a subset of aquatic and terrestrial metagenomes. The potential to produce tetrahymanol is more widespread in the bacterial domain than previously thought. Ths is not encoded in any eukaryotic genomes, nor is it homologous to eukaryotic squalene-tetrahymanol cyclase (EC 4.2.1.123), which catalyzes the cyclization of squalene directly to tetrahymanol Methylotuvimicrobium alcaliphilum
4.2.1.B28 additional information hopanoids, tetrahymanol, and sterol structures observed in Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum strain 20Z, overview Methylotuvimicrobium alcaliphilum
4.2.1.B28 physiological function tetrahymanol, whose catalysis is synthesized by tetrahymanol synthase, is a polycyclic triterpenoid lipid. Enzyme tetrahymanol synthase (Ths) functions on hopenes rather than squalene, it first demethylates squalene to form C23-norsqualene, which is then converted to a demethyl derivative of tetrahymanol by squalene-hopene cyclase (Shc, EC 5.4.99.17). This pathway requires the addition of a methyl group at C-23 to form tetrahymanol. Enzyme Shc cyclizes squalene to diploptene, and Ths then expands the E ring to form tetrahymanol, overview Rhodopseudomonas palustris
4.2.1.B28 physiological function tetrahymanol, whose catalysis is synthesized by tetrahymanol synthase, is a polycyclic triterpenoid lipid. Enzyme tetrahymanol synthase (Ths) functions on hopenes rather than squalene, it first demethylates squalene to form C23-norsqualene, which is then converted to a demethyl derivative of tetrahymanol by squalene-hopene cyclase (Shc, EC 5.4.99.17). This pathway requires the addition of a methyl group at C-23 to form tetrahymanol. Enzyme Shc cyclizes squalene to diploptene, and Ths then expands the E ring to form tetrahymanol, overview Methylotuvimicrobium alcaliphilum
4.2.1.123 evolution the eukaryotic squalene-tetrahymanol cyclase is homologous to the bacterial tetrahymanol synthase (Ths), that is not encoded in any eukaryotic genomes. Bacterial tetrahymanol synthase (Ths) is found in a variety of bacterial genomes, including aerobic methanotrophs, nitrite-oxidizers, and sulfate-reducers, and in a subset of aquatic and terrestrial metagenomes Tetrahymena thermophila
4.2.1.123 physiological function eukaryotic squalene-tetrahymanol cyclase catalyzes the cyclization of squalene directly to tetrahymanol, a polycyclic triterpenoid lipid, the enzyme catalyzes the cyclization of squalene directly to tetrahymanol Tetrahymena thermophila