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Literature summary extracted from
- An improved method for production of recombinant human glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 for use in phytopharmaceutical assessment (2008), Pharm. Biol., 46, 72-81 .
No PubMed abstract available
Activating Compound
| EC Number | Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.1.1.15 | asiaticoside | stimulates at 0.0104 mM in vitro by 22%. No stimulation is observed in the absence of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, so it is unlikely that asiaticoside acts as a PLP mimic | Homo sapiens |  |
| 4.1.1.15 | bilobalide | stimulates at 0.0306 mM in vitro by 18% | Homo sapiens | |
Cloned(Commentary)
| EC Number | Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 4.1.1.15 | gene GAD65, recombinant expression of GST-tagged or MBP-fusion wild-type enzyme, a 1757-bp hGAD65 insert from the pET-5C plasmid subcloned into the pMAL-c2X protein fusion system, in Escherichia coli strain DH5alpha, 1.6fold higher hGAD65 activity of the purified MBP-tagged enzyme construct compared to GST-tagged enzyme | Homo sapiens |
Inhibitors
| EC Number | Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.1.1.15 | 3-Mercaptopropionic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 4.1.1.15 | allylglycine | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 4.1.1.15 | betulinic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 4.1.1.15 | additional information | ginsenosides in ginseng extract, high content of Rb1, inhibit the enzyme | Homo sapiens | |
| 4.1.1.15 | ursolic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 4.1.1.15 | valerenic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
Localization
| EC Number | Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.1.1.15 | membrane | - |
Homo sapiens | 16020 | - |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| EC Number | Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.1.1.15 | L-glutamate | Homo sapiens | - |
4-aminobutanoate + CO2 | - |
? | |
Organism
| EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.1.1.15 | Homo sapiens | Q05329 | - |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| EC Number | Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 4.1.1.15 | recombinant GST-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain DH5alpha by glutathione affinity chromatography, recombinant MBP-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain DH5alpha by amylose affinity chromatography | Homo sapiens |
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
| EC Number | Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.1.1.15 | 0.00024 | - |
recombinant GST-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C | Homo sapiens |
| 4.1.1.15 | 0.00038 | - |
recombinant MBP-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C | Homo sapiens |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.1.1.15 | L-glutamate | - |
Homo sapiens | 4-aminobutanoate + CO2 | - |
? | |
Synonyms
| EC Number | Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4.1.1.15 | GAD65 | - |
Homo sapiens |
| 4.1.1.15 | glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 | - |
Homo sapiens |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| EC Number | Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.1.1.15 | 37 | - |
assay at | Homo sapiens |
pH Optimum
| EC Number | pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.1.1.15 | 7.4 | 8 | assay at | Homo sapiens |
Cofactor
| EC Number | Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.1.1.15 | pyridoxal 5'-phosphate | dependent on | Homo sapiens | |
IC50 Value
| EC Number | IC50 Value | IC50 Value Maximum | Comment | Organism | Inhibitor | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.1.1.15 | 0.0123 | - |
recombinant MBP-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C | Homo sapiens | 3-Mercaptopropionic acid | |
General Information
| EC Number | General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4.1.1.15 | malfunction | disturbances in GABA levels are responsible for a host of neurologic diseases. A reduction in GABA is also implicated in certain anxiety states such as panic disorder (PD). People suffering from PD have 22% lower GABA levels in the occipital cortex | Homo sapiens |
| 4.1.1.15 | physiological function | glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme responsible for the synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a crucial inhibitory neurotransmitter in vertebrate brain. GAD produces GABA from the decarboxylation of glutamic acid. GABA is involved in development and regulation of neuroendocrine function | Homo sapiens |
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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
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