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Literature summary extracted from

  • Czechowski, T.; Larson, T.R.; Catania, T.M.; Harvey, D.; Brown, G.D.; Graham, I.A.
    Artemisia annua mutant impaired in artemisinin synthesis demonstrates importance of nonenzymatic conversion in terpenoid metabolism (2016), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 113, 15150-15155 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
1.14.14.114 additional information construction of enzyme knockout mutant cyp71av1-1, phenotype, overview Artemisia annua

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.14.14.114 amorpha-4,11-diene + 3 O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] Artemisia annua overall reactionvia artemsinic alcohol and artemsinic aldehyde, multistep process artemisinate + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + 4 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.14.114 amorpha-4,11-diene + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] Artemisia annua
-
 artemisinic alcohol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
 ?
1.14.14.114 artemisinic alcohol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] Artemisia annua
-
 artemisinic aldehyde + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.14.114 artemisinic aldehyde + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] Artemisia annua
-
 artemisinate + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.14.14.114 Artemisia annua Q1PS23
-
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.14.14.114 inflorescence
-
 Artemisia annua
-
1.14.14.114 leaf
-
 Artemisia annua
-
1.14.14.114 secretory trichome the production of artemisinin occurs in specialized 10-cell biseriate glandular trichomes present on the leaves, stems, and inflorescences of Artemisia annua Artemisia annua
-
1.14.14.114 stem
-
 Artemisia annua
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.14.14.114 amorpha-4,11-diene + 3 O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] overall reactionvia artemsinic alcohol and artemsinic aldehyde, multistep process Artemisia annua artemisinate + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + 4 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.14.114 amorpha-4,11-diene + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
-
 Artemisia annua artemisinic alcohol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
 ?
1.14.14.114 artemisinic alcohol + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
-
 Artemisia annua artemisinic aldehyde + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.14.114 artemisinic aldehyde + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
-
 Artemisia annua artemisinate + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
 ?
1.14.14.114 additional information conversion of dihydroartemsinic aldehyde to artemisinate is nonenzymatic in trichomes by nonenzymatic autoxidation of dihydroartemsinic aldehyde to dihydroartemsinic acid tertiary hydroperoxide and subsequent nonenzymatic rearrangement to artemisinin Artemisia annua ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.14.14.114 amorpha-4,11-diene C-12 oxidase
-
 Artemisia annua
1.14.14.114 CYP71AV1
-
 Artemisia annua

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.14.14.114 cytochrome P450
-
 Artemisia annua
1.14.14.114 NADPH-hemoprotein reductase A flavoprotein containing both FMN and FAD. This enzyme catalyses the transfer of electrons from NADPH, an obligatory two-electron donor, to microsomal P-450 monooxygenases, EC 1.14.14._ Artemisia annua

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.14.14.114 malfunction the enzyme knockout mutant cyp71av1-1 reveals that the consequence of blocking the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway is the redirection of sesquiterpene metabolism to a sesquiterpene epoxide, termed arteannuin X. Disruption of CYP71AV1 results in the accumulation of a sesquiterpene epoxide at the expense of artemisinin Artemisia annua
1.14.14.114 metabolism the amorpha-4,11-diene C-12 oxidase (CYP71AV1) enzyme, responsible for a series of oxidation reactions in the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway, overview Artemisia annua
1.14.14.114 physiological function the antimalarial artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone produced by glandular secretory trichomes on the leaves, stems, and inflorescences of Artemisia annua. Glandular secretory trichomes are able to redirect flux into a sesquiterpene epoxide. The amorpha-4,11-diene C-12 oxidase (CYP71AV1) enzyme, responsible for a series of oxidation reactions in the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway Artemisia annua