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Literature summary extracted from
- beta-Amyrin synthase (EsBAS) and beta-amyrin 28-oxidase (CYP716A244) in oleanane-type triterpene saponin biosynthesis in Eleutherococcus senticosus (2017), Phytochemistry, 135, 53-63 .
Cloned(Commentary)
| EC Number | Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.126 | CYP716A244, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, phylogenetic analysis. quantitative RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis, transcriptomics analysis of plant leaves, recombinant expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, recombinant expression in trangsgenic Nicotiana tabacum, co-expression with beta-amyrin synthase, EsBAS | Eleutherococcus senticosus |
| 1.14.14.126 | gene CYP716A244, phylogenetic tree, quantitative real-time PCR expression analysis, transient recombinant expression in Nicotiana benthamiana using the transformation method via Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101, and transient recombinant expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae with coexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana NADPH-CYP reductase | Eleutherococcus senticosus |
| 5.4.99.39 | gene EsBAS, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, phylogenetic analysis, transcriptomics analysis of plant leaves, quantitative PCR enzyme expression analysis, recombinant expression of teh enzyme in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ERG7-deficient mutant strain. Functional recombinant coexpression of the gene encoding hygromycin phosphotransferase (HPT), gene CYP716A244 (EC 1.14.14.126), and gene EsBAS in transgenic tobacco plant leaves via Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101-mediated transformation. Metabolite identification by GC/MS analysis | Eleutherococcus senticosus |
Localization
| EC Number | Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.126 | membrane | - |
Eleutherococcus senticosus | 16020 | - |
Metals/Ions
| EC Number | Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.126 | Fe2+ | bound in heme | Eleutherococcus senticosus |  |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| EC Number | Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.126 | beta-amyrin + 3 [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + 3 O2 | Eleutherococcus senticosus | overall reaction | oleanolate + 3 [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + 4 H2O | - |
? | |
| 1.14.14.126 | beta-amyrin + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 | Eleutherococcus senticosus | - |
erythrodiol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? | |
| 1.14.14.126 | erythrodiol + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 | Eleutherococcus senticosus | - |
oleanolate + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? | |
| 1.14.14.126 | additional information | Eleutherococcus senticosus | CYP716A244 is a beta-amyrin 28-oxidase that converts beta-amyrin into oleanolic acid via formation of erythrodiol | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.4.99.39 | (3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene | Eleutherococcus senticosus | - |
beta-amyrin | - |
r | |
Organism
| EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.126 | Eleutherococcus senticosus | A0A1P8W705 | - |
- |
| 5.4.99.39 | Eleutherococcus senticosus | A0A1P8W708 | - |
- |
Source Tissue
| EC Number | Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.126 | leaf | transcriptome analysis | Eleutherococcus senticosus | - |
| 1.14.14.126 | root | - |
Eleutherococcus senticosus | - |
| 5.4.99.39 | bark | - |
Eleutherococcus senticosus | - |
| 5.4.99.39 | leaf | low expression level | Eleutherococcus senticosus | - |
| 5.4.99.39 | additional information | transcriptomics analysis of plant leaves, quantitative order of EsBAS mRNA accumulation is roots - stem barks - leaves in descending order | Eleutherococcus senticosus | - |
| 5.4.99.39 | root | highest expression level | Eleutherococcus senticosus | - |
| 5.4.99.39 | stem | - |
Eleutherococcus senticosus | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.126 | beta-amyrin + 3 O2 + 3 NADPH + 3 H+ | - |
Eleutherococcus senticosus | oleanolate + 3 NADP+ + 4 H2O | - |
? | |
| 1.14.14.126 | beta-amyrin + 3 [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + 3 O2 | overall reaction | Eleutherococcus senticosus | oleanolate + 3 [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + 4 H2O | - |
? | |
| 1.14.14.126 | beta-amyrin + O2 + NADPH + H+ | - |
Eleutherococcus senticosus | erythrodiol + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
| 1.14.14.126 | beta-amyrin + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 | - |
Eleutherococcus senticosus | erythrodiol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? | |
| 1.14.14.126 | erythrodiol + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 | - |
Eleutherococcus senticosus | oleanolate + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? | |
| 1.14.14.126 | additional information | CYP716A244 is a beta-amyrin 28-oxidase that converts beta-amyrin into oleanolic acid via formation of erythrodiol | Eleutherococcus senticosus | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.14.126 | additional information | CYP716A244 is a beta-amyrin 28-oxidase that converts beta-amyrin into oleanolic acid via formation of erythrodiol. The enzyme is a multifunctional oxidase enzymes with beta-amyrin 28-hydroxylase, alpha-amyrin 28-hydroxylase, and lupeol 28-hydroxylase activities | Eleutherococcus senticosus | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.4.99.39 | (3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene | - |
Eleutherococcus senticosus | beta-amyrin | - |
r | |
| 5.4.99.39 | additional information | metabolite identification by GC/MS analysis | Eleutherococcus senticosus | ? | - |
? | |
Subunits
| EC Number | Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.126 | ? | x * 54010, about, sequence calculation | Eleutherococcus senticosus |
| 5.4.99.39 | ? | x * 88400, about, sequence calculation | Eleutherococcus senticosus |
Synonyms
| EC Number | Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.126 | alpha-amyrin 28-hydroxylase | - |
Eleutherococcus senticosus |
| 1.14.14.126 | beta-amyrin 28-hydroxylase | - |
Eleutherococcus senticosus |
| 1.14.14.126 | beta-amyrin 28-oxidase | - |
Eleutherococcus senticosus |
| 1.14.14.126 | CYP716A244 | - |
Eleutherococcus senticosus |
| 1.14.14.126 | lupeol 28-hydroxylase | - |
Eleutherococcus senticosus |
| 1.14.14.126 | multifunctional oxidase | - |
Eleutherococcus senticosus |
| 5.4.99.39 | EsBAS | - |
Eleutherococcus senticosus |
Cofactor
| EC Number | Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.126 | cytochrome P450 | - |
Eleutherococcus senticosus | |
| 1.14.14.126 | heme | - |
Eleutherococcus senticosus | |
| 1.14.14.126 | NADPH-hemoprotein reductase | A flavoprotein containing both FMN and FAD. This enzyme catalyses the transfer of electrons from NADPH, an obligatory two-electron donor, to microsomal P-450 monooxygenases, EC 1.14.14._ | Eleutherococcus senticosus |
Expression
| EC Number | Organism | Comment | Expression |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.126 | Eleutherococcus senticosus | methyl jasmonate treatment highly enhances CYP716A244 transcription at 12 h after methyl jasmonate treatment, and this enhancement declines as the culture time proceeds | up |
| 5.4.99.39 | Eleutherococcus senticosus | the enzyme is induced by methyl jasmonate (MeJA). The transcription of EsBAS is clearly enhanced at 12 and 24 h after MeJA treatment and reduced to the level of the control (without MeJA treatment) at 72 h after MeJA treatment | up |
General Information
| EC Number | General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.126 | metabolism | oleanane-type triterpenes are the major saponin components in Eleutherococcus senticosus. The two enzymes, beta-amyrin synthase and beta-amyrin 28-oxidase, are essential for oleanane-type saponin biosynthesis from 2,3-oxidosqualene | Eleutherococcus senticosus |
| 1.14.14.126 | physiological function | CYP716A244 is a beta-amyrin 28-oxidase involved in saponin biosynthesis, beta-amyrin is the oleanane-type triterpene backbone. beta-Amyrin is oxidised at the C-28 position in a sequential three-step oxidation by the single cytochrome P450 enzyme to yield oleanolic acid through erythrodiol | Eleutherococcus senticosus |
| 5.4.99.39 | metabolism | the enzyme is involved in the putative saponin biosynthetic pathway from 2,3-oxidosqualene in Eleutherococcus senticosus, overview | Eleutherococcus senticosus |
| 5.4.99.39 | physiological function | beta-amyrin in Eleutherococcus senticosus may play a key role in saponin biosynthesis | Eleutherococcus senticosus |
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