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Literature summary extracted from

  • Zhao, Q.; Zeng, Y.; Yin, Y.; Pu, Y.; Jackson, L.A.; Engle, N.L.; Martin, M.Z.; Tschaplinski, T.J.; Ding, S.Y.; Ragauskas, A.J.; Dixon, R.A.
    Pinoresinol reductase 1 impacts lignin distribution during secondary cell wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis (2015), Phytochemistry, 112, 170-178 .
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.23.1.1 gene PrP2, gene co-expression networks for Arabidopsis thaliana PrR1 and PrR2, overview. PrR2 expression clusters with a different set of genes, not involved in secondary cell wall biosynthesis Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.2 gene PrP2, gene co-expression networks for Arabidopsis thaliana PrR1 and PrR2, overview. PrR2 expression clusters with a different set of genes, not involved in secondary cell wall biosynthesis Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.3 gene PrR1, PrR1 is co-expressed with many characterized genes involved in secondary cell wall biosynthesis, gene co-expression networks for Arabidopsis thaliana PrR1 and PrR2, overview. PrR1 is regulated by the secondary cell wall transcription factors SND1 and MYB46 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.4 gene PrR1, PrR1 is co-expressed with many characterized genes involved in secondary cell wall biosynthesis, gene co-expression networks for Arabidopsis thaliana PrR1 and PrR2, overview. PrR1 is regulated by the secondary cell wall transcription factors SND1 and MYB46 Arabidopsis thaliana

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
1.23.1.1 additional information isozyme mutant prr2-1, SALK_123621 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.2 additional information isozyme mutant prr2-1, SALK_123621 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.3 additional information the prr1-1 knock-out mutant SALK_058467 contains a T-DNA insertion within an exonic region of the PrR1 gene. The concentration of the lignan, pinoresinol, is 4.8fold higher in the loss-of-function prr1 mutant than in control plants. Impact of loss of function of PrR1 on the cellular distribution of lignin Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.4 additional information the prr1-1 knock-out mutant SALK_058467 contains a T-DNA insertion within an exonic region of the PrR1 gene. The concentration of the lignan, pinoresinol, is 4.8fold higher in the loss-of-function prr1 mutant than in control plants. Impact of loss of function of PrR1 on the cellular distribution of lignin Arabidopsis thaliana

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.23.1.1 (+)-pinoresinol + NADPH + H+ Arabidopsis thaliana
-
 (+)-lariciresinol + NADP+
-
 ?
1.23.1.1 additional information Arabidopsis thaliana (+)-pinoresinol is successively converted into (-+)-lariciresinol and further into (-)-secoisolariciresinol by bifunctional enzyme PrR2, cf. EC 1.23.1.2 ?
-
 ?
1.23.1.2 (+)-lariciresinol + NADPH + H+ Arabidopsis thaliana
-
 (-)-secoisolariciresinol + NADP+
-
 ?
1.23.1.2 additional information Arabidopsis thaliana (+)-pinoresinol is successively converted into (-+)-lariciresinol and further into (-)-secoisolariciresinol by bifunctional enzyme PrR2, cf. EC 1.23.1.1. The pinoresinol reductase shows only weak activity toward lariciresinol ?
-
 ?
1.23.1.3 (-)-pinoresinol + NADPH + H+ Arabidopsis thaliana
-
 (-)-lariciresinol + NADP+
-
 ?
1.23.1.3 additional information Arabidopsis thaliana (-)-pinoresinol is successively converted into (-)-lariciresinol and (+)-secoisolariciresinol by isozyme PrR1, cf. Ec 1.23.1.4 ?
-
 ?
1.23.1.4 (-)-lariciresinol + NADPH + H+ Arabidopsis thaliana
-
 (+)-secoisolariciresinol + NADP+
-
 ?
1.23.1.4 additional information Arabidopsis thaliana (-)-pinoresinol is successively converted into (-)-lariciresinol and (+)-secoisolariciresinol by isozyme PrR1. The pinoresinol reductase shows only weak activity toward lariciresinol ?
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.23.1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana Q9SVP6
-
-
1.23.1.2 Arabidopsis thaliana Q9SVP6
-
-
1.23.1.3 Arabidopsis thaliana Q9FVQ6
-
-
1.23.1.4 Arabidopsis thaliana Q9FVQ6
-
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.23.1.1 additional information PrR2 expression is barely detectable in stems Arabidopsis thaliana
-
1.23.1.2 additional information PrR2 expression is barely detectable in stems Arabidopsis thaliana
-
1.23.1.3 additional information PrR1 is highly expressed in lignified inflorescence stem tissue Arabidopsis thaliana
-
1.23.1.3 seed coat
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
-
1.23.1.4 additional information PrR1 is highly expressed in lignified inflorescence stem tissue Arabidopsis thaliana
-
1.23.1.4 seed coat
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.23.1.1 (+)-pinoresinol + NADPH + H+
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana (+)-lariciresinol + NADP+
-
 ?
1.23.1.1 additional information (+)-pinoresinol is successively converted into (-+)-lariciresinol and further into (-)-secoisolariciresinol by bifunctional enzyme PrR2, cf. EC 1.23.1.2 Arabidopsis thaliana ?
-
 ?
1.23.1.2 (+)-lariciresinol + NADPH + H+
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana (-)-secoisolariciresinol + NADP+
-
 ?
1.23.1.2 additional information (+)-pinoresinol is successively converted into (-+)-lariciresinol and further into (-)-secoisolariciresinol by bifunctional enzyme PrR2, cf. EC 1.23.1.1. The pinoresinol reductase shows only weak activity toward lariciresinol Arabidopsis thaliana ?
-
 ?
1.23.1.3 (-)-pinoresinol + NADPH + H+
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana (-)-lariciresinol + NADP+
-
 ?
1.23.1.3 additional information (-)-pinoresinol is successively converted into (-)-lariciresinol and (+)-secoisolariciresinol by isozyme PrR1, cf. Ec 1.23.1.4 Arabidopsis thaliana ?
-
 ?
1.23.1.4 (-)-lariciresinol + NADPH + H+
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana (+)-secoisolariciresinol + NADP+
-
 ?
1.23.1.4 additional information (-)-pinoresinol is successively converted into (-)-lariciresinol and (+)-secoisolariciresinol by isozyme PrR1. The pinoresinol reductase shows only weak activity toward lariciresinol Arabidopsis thaliana ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.23.1.1 bi-functional pinoresinol/lariciresinol reductase
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.1 More cf. EC 1.23.1.2 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.1 pinoresinol reductase
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.1 pinoresinol reductase 2
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.1 PLR
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.1 PrR2
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.2 bi-functional pinoresinol/lariciresinol reductase
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.2 More cf. EC 1.23.1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.2 pinoresinol reductase
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.2 pinoresinol reductase 2
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.2 PLR
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.2 PrR2
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.3 bi-functional pinoresinol/lariciresinol reductase
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.3 More cf. EC 1.23.1.4 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.3 pinoresinol reductase
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.3 pinoresinol reductase 1
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.3 PLR
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.3 PrR1
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.4 bi-functional pinoresinol/lariciresinol reductase
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.4 More cf. EC 1.23.1.3 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.4 pinoresinol reductase
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.4 pinoresinol reductase 1
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.4 PLR
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.4 PrR1
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.23.1.1 NADPH
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.2 NADPH
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.3 NADPH
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.4 NADPH
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.23.1.1 metabolism pinoresinol is successively converted into lariciresinol and secoisolariciresinol by PrR. Secoisolariciresinol is glycosylated to secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG). PLR has enantiomeric control on the lignan biosynthetic pathway Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.1 physiological function pinoresinol reductase catalyzes the conversion of the lignan pinoresinol to lariciresinol in Arabidopsis thaliana, where it is encoded by two genes, PrR1 and PrR2, that appear to act redundantly. The isozyme PrR2 is responsible for the synthesis of the enantiomer (-)-secoisolariciresinol Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.2 metabolism pinoresinol is successively converted into lariciresinol and secoisolariciresinol by PrR. Secoisolariciresinol is glycosylated to secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG). PLR has enantiomeric control on the lignan biosynthetic pathway Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.2 physiological function pinoresinol reductase catalyzes the conversion of the lignan pinoresinol to lariciresinol in Arabidopsis thaliana, where it is encoded by two genes, PrR1 and PrR2, that appear to act redundantly. The isozyme PrR2 is responsible for the synthesis of the enantiomer (-)-secoisolariciresinol Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.3 malfunction the loss-of-function mutant of PrR1 shows, in addition to elevated levels of pinoresinol, significantly decreased lignin content and a slightly altered lignin structure with lower abundance of cinnamyl alcohol end groups. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy analysis indicates that the lignin content of the prr1-1 loss-of-function mutant is similar to that of wild-type plants in xylem cells, which exhibit a normal phenotype, but is reduced in the fiber cells. The concentration of the lignan, pinoresinol, is 4.8fold higher in the loss-of-function prr1 mutant than in control plants. Impact of loss of function of PrR1 on the cellular distribution of lignin. The PrR1 isozyme mutation alters the expression level of diverse genes, overview Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.3 metabolism pinoresinol is successively converted into lariciresinol and secoisolariciresinol by PrR. Secoisolariciresinol is glycosylated to secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG). PLR has enantiomeric control on the lignan biosynthetic pathway Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.3 physiological function pinoresinol reductase (PrR) catalyzes the conversion of the lignan pinoresinol to lariciresinol in Arabidopsis thaliana, where it is encoded by two genes, PrR1 and PrR2, that appear to act redundantly. Association of the lignan biosynthetic enzyme encoded by PrR1 with secondary cell wall biosynthesis in fiber cells. PrR1 is regulated by the secondary cell wall transcription factors SND1 and MYB46. PrR1 plays a role in lignan biosynthesis in aerial tissue Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.4 malfunction the loss-of-function mutant of PrR1 shows, in addition to elevated levels of pinoresinol, significantly decreased lignin content and a slightly altered lignin structure with lower abundance of cinnamyl alcohol end groups. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy analysis indicates that the lignin content of the prr1-1 loss-of-function mutant is similar to that of wild-type plants in xylem cells, which exhibit a normal phenotype, but is reduced in the fiber cells. The concentration of the lignan, pinoresinol, is 4.8fold higher in the loss-of-function prr1 mutant than in control plants. Impact of loss of function of PrR1 on the cellular distribution of lignin. The PrR1 isozyme mutation alters the expression level of diverse genes, overview Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.4 metabolism pinoresinol is successively converted into lariciresinol and secoisolariciresinol by PrR. Secoisolariciresinol is glycosylated to secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG). PLR has enantiomeric control on the lignan biosynthetic pathway Arabidopsis thaliana
1.23.1.4 physiological function pinoresinol reductase (PrR) catalyzes the conversion of the lignan (-)-pinoresinol to (-)-lariciresinol in Arabidopsis thaliana, where it is encoded by two genes, PrR1 and PrR2, that appear to act redundantly. The enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of the major enantiomer (+)-secoisolariciresinol, it is strongly expressed in the seed coats of developing flax seed. Association of the lignan biosynthetic enzyme encoded by PrR1 with secondary cell wall biosynthesis in fiber cells. PrR1 is regulated by the secondary cell wall transcription factors SND1 and MYB46. PrR1 plays a role in lignan biosynthesis in aerial tissue Arabidopsis thaliana