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Literature summary extracted from

  • Fogal, S.; Carotti, M.; Giaretta, L.; Lanciai, F.; Nogara, L.; Bubacco, L.; Bergantino, E.
    Human tyrosinase produced in insect cells a landmark for the screening of new drugs addressing its activity (2015), Mol. Biotechnol., 57, 45-57 .
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.14.18.1 the wild-type sequence coding for the enzyme is obtained by restriction digestion of the entire cDNA sequence, subcloning in Escherichia coli H10Bac, and recombinant expression of His-tagged enzyme in Spdoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells via the baculovirus transfection method Homo sapiens

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
1.14.18.1 0.22
-
 L-tyrosine recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 0.34
-
 L-Dopa recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 0.6
-
 4-tert-butylcatechol recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 0.65
-
 4-tert-butylcatechol recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Streptomyces antibioticus
1.14.18.1 1.25
-
 3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-propanoic acid recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Streptomyces antibioticus
1.14.18.1 1.5
-
 L-Dopa recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Streptomyces antibioticus
1.14.18.1 1.9
-
 L-dopa methyl ester recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 2.5
-
 4-methylcatechol recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 4.2
-
 L-dopa methyl ester recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Streptomyces antibioticus
1.14.18.1 4.5
-
 catechol recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Streptomyces antibioticus
1.14.18.1 5.1
-
 L-tyrosine recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Streptomyces antibioticus
1.14.18.1 11
-
 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Streptomyces antibioticus
1.14.18.1 16
-
 dopamine recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 19
-
 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 32
-
 catechol recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 50
-
 dopamine recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Streptomyces antibioticus
1.14.18.1 58
-
 L-isoproterenol recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 230
-
 L-isoproterenol recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Streptomyces antibioticus

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
1.14.18.1 membrane a transmembrane enzyme Homo sapiens 16020
-
1.14.18.1 additional information the enzyme sequence contains a melanosome-directing signal sequence Homo sapiens
-
-

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
1.14.18.1 Cu2+ a copper-containing enzyme, two Cu2+ ions, CuA and CuB Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 Cu2+ a copper-containing enzyme, two Cu2+ ions, CuA and CuB Streptomyces antibioticus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.14.18.1 2 L-dopa + O2 Homo sapiens
-
 2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 2 L-dopa + O2 Streptomyces antibioticus
-
 2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 L-tyrosine + O2 Homo sapiens
-
 dopaquinone + H2O
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 L-tyrosine + O2 Streptomyces antibioticus
-
 dopaquinone + H2O
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.14.18.1 Homo sapiens P14679
-
-
1.14.18.1 Streptomyces antibioticus P07524
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
1.14.18.1 recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Spdoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells by nickel affinity chromatography and gel filtration Homo sapiens

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.14.18.1 2 L-dopa + O2
-
 Homo sapiens 2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 2 L-dopa + O2
-
 Streptomyces antibioticus 2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid + O2
-
 Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid + O2
-
 Streptomyces antibioticus ?
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-propanoic acid + O2 low activity Streptomyces antibioticus ?
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 4-methylcatechol + O2
-
 Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 4-methylcatechol + O2
-
 Streptomyces antibioticus ?
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 4-tert-butylcatechol + O2
-
 Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 4-tert-butylcatechol + O2
-
 Streptomyces antibioticus ?
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 catechol + O2
-
 Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 catechol + O2
-
 Streptomyces antibioticus ?
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 dopamine + O2
-
 Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 dopamine + O2
-
 Streptomyces antibioticus ?
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 L-dopa methyl ester + O2
-
 Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 L-dopa methyl ester + O2
-
 Streptomyces antibioticus ?
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 L-isoproterenol + O2
-
 Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 L-isoproterenol + O2
-
 Streptomyces antibioticus ?
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 L-tyrosine + O2
-
 Homo sapiens dopaquinone + H2O
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 L-tyrosine + O2
-
 Streptomyces antibioticus dopaquinone + H2O
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 additional information no activity with [3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-propanoic acid] Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 ? x * 66000 + x * 57000, recombinant His-tagged enzyme, SDS-PAGE Homo sapiens

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 37
-
 assay at Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 37
-
 assay at Streptomyces antibioticus

Turnover Number [1/s]

EC Number Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
1.14.18.1 2.28
-
 L-isoproterenol recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 2.6
-
 L-tyrosine recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 3
-
 3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-propanoic acid recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Streptomyces antibioticus
1.14.18.1 5.8
-
 L-isoproterenol recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Streptomyces antibioticus
1.14.18.1 5.9
-
 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 7.9
-
 L-tyrosine recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Streptomyces antibioticus
1.14.18.1 12
-
 4-methylcatechol recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 20.5
-
 4-tert-butylcatechol recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 38.1
-
 L-Dopa recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 44
-
 catechol recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 57
-
 L-dopa methyl ester recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 61
-
 dopamine recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 80
-
 catechol recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Streptomyces antibioticus
1.14.18.1 113
-
 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Streptomyces antibioticus
1.14.18.1 187
-
 L-dopa methyl ester recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Streptomyces antibioticus
1.14.18.1 197
-
 L-Dopa recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Streptomyces antibioticus
1.14.18.1 210
-
 dopamine recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Streptomyces antibioticus
1.14.18.1 1650
-
 4-tert-butylcatechol recombinant enzyme, pH 7.2, 37°C Streptomyces antibioticus

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 7.2
-
 assay at Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 7.2
-
 assay at Streptomyces antibioticus

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 physiological function human tyrosinase is the first enzyme of the multistep process of melanogenesis. It catalyzes the hydroxylation of L-tyrosine to L-dihydroxyphenylalanine and the following oxidation of o-diphenol to the corresponding quinone, L-dopaquinone Homo sapiens
1.14.18.1 physiological function tyrosinase is the first enzyme of the multistep process of melanogenesis. It catalyzes the hydroxylation of L-tyrosine to L-dihydroxyphenylalanine and the following oxidation of o-diphenol to the corresponding quinone, L-dopaquinone Streptomyces antibioticus