Literature summary extracted from

Mantel, A.; Carpenter-Mendini, A.; VanBuskirk, J.; Pentland, A.P.
Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 is overexpressed in skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and affects SCC growth via prostaglandin metabolism (2014), Exp. Dermatol., 23, 573-578.

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number	Cloned (Comment)	Organism
1.1.1.188	SCC cell line is infected with either AKR1C3 overexpressing retroviral construct (SCC-AKR1C3), quantitative AKR1C3 expression analysis in wild-type and mtransfected cells	Homo sapiens

Protein Variants

EC Number	Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.188	additional information	AKR1C3 overexpressing skin squamous cell carcinoma, SCC, cells are protected from the antiproliferative effects of prostaglandin D2	Homo sapiens

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number	Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
1.1.1.188	prostaglandin D2 + NADP+	Homo sapiens	-	9alpha,11beta-prostaglandin F2 + NADPH	-	?

Organism

EC Number	Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
1.1.1.188	Homo sapiens	P42330	-	-

Source Tissue

EC Number	Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
1.1.1.188	skin	-	Homo sapiens	-
1.1.1.188	squamous cell carcinoma cell	AKR1C3 is overexpressed in skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and affects SCC growth via prostaglandin metabolism	Homo sapiens	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number	Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
1.1.1.188	prostaglandin D2 + NADP+	-	Homo sapiens	9alpha,11beta-prostaglandin F2 + NADPH	-	?

Synonyms

EC Number	Synonyms	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.188	AKR1C3	-	Homo sapiens
1.1.1.188	aldo-keto reductase 1C3	-	Homo sapiens

Cofactor

EC Number	Cofactor	Comment	Organism	Structure
1.1.1.188	NADP+	-	Homo sapiens

Expression

EC Number	Organism	Comment	Expression
1.1.1.188	Homo sapiens	AKR1C3 is overexpressed in skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and affects SCC growth via prostaglandin metabolism. It is upregulated by its substrate, prostaglandin D2	up

General Information

EC Number	General Information	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.188	malfunction	although attenuating AKR1C3 expression in squamous cell carcinoma cells by siRNA does not affect growth, treatment with PGD2 and its dehydration metabolite, 15delta-PGJ2, decreases squamous cell carcinoma, SCC, proliferation in a PPARgamma-dependent manner. In addition, treatment with the PPARgamma agonist pioglitazone profoundly inhibits squamous cell carcinoma proliferation. SCC-AKR1C3 metabolizes protaglandin D2, PGD2, to 9alpha,11beta-prostaglandin F2 12fold faster than the parent cell line and is protected from the antiproliferative effect mediated by PGD2. PGD2 and its metabolite 15delta-prostaglandin J2 attenuate SCC proliferation in a PPARgamma-dependent manner, therefore activation of PPARgamma by agonists such as pioglitazone may benefit those at high risk of SCC	Homo sapiens
1.1.1.188	physiological function	AKR1C3 is overexpressed in skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and affects SCC growth via prostaglandin metabolism. AKR1C3 is overexpressed in various malignancies, suggesting a tumor promoting function. SCC-AKR1C3 metabolizes protaglandin D2, PGD2, to 9alpha,11beta prostaglandin F2. Unlike other AKR1C members, AKR1C3 can synthesize prostaglandin F2alpha from prostaglandin H2, an arachidonic acid derivative synthesized by cyclooxygenase	Homo sapiens

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)