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Literature summary extracted from

  • Nagel, R.; Bernholz, C.; Vranova, E.; Kosuth, J.; Bergau, N.; Ludwig, S.; Wessjohann, L.; Gershenzon, J.; Tissier, A.; Schmidt, A.
    Arabidopsis thaliana isoprenyl diphosphate synthases produce the C25 intermediate geranylfarnesyl diphosphate (2015), Plant J., 84, 847-859.
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
2.5.1.81 gene AtIDS1, recombinant overexpression of GST-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21, and recombinant enzyme expression in the loss-of-function AtIDS11 mutant ggpps11-4, which has an embryolethal phenotype due to the lack of GGDP. AtIDS1, a predominantly GFDP-producing enzyme that nonetheless forms a sizable amount of GGDP, complements the embryo-lethal phenotype of ggpps11-4. Transient expression of N-terminally GFP-tagged enzyme in Nicotiana benthamiana Arabidopsis thaliana
2.5.1.81 gene AtIDS10, recombinant overexpression of GST-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21, transient expression of N-terminally GFP-tagged enzyme in Nicotiana benthamiana Arabidopsis thaliana
2.5.1.81 gene AtIDS6, recombinant overexpression of GST-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21, transient expression of N-terminally GFP-tagged enzyme in Nicotiana benthamiana Arabidopsis thaliana
2.5.1.81 gene AtIDS7, recombinant overexpression of GST-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21, transient expression of N-terminally GFP-tagged enzyme in Nicotiana benthamiana Arabidopsis thaliana
2.5.1.81 gene AtIDS9, recombinant overexpression of GST-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21 and of N-terminally His6-tagged enzyme in Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Col-0 under control of CaMV 35S promoter via Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101 transfection method, and recombinant enzyme expression in the loss-of-function AtIDS11 mutant ggpps11-4, which has an embryolethal phenotype due to the lack of GGDP. Transient expression of N-terminally GFP-tagged enzyme in Nicotiana benthamiana Arabidopsis thaliana

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
2.5.1.81 S175M the mutated AtIDS7 enzyme produces mainly geranylgeranyl diphosphate and only small quantities of geranylfarnesyl diphosphate Arabidopsis thaliana

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
2.5.1.81 0.011
-
 isopentenyl diphosphate pH 7.2, 30°C, recombinant enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana
2.5.1.81 0.014
-
 geranylgeranyl diphosphate pH 7.2, 30°C, recombinant enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
2.5.1.81 chloroplast plastoglobules Arabidopsis thaliana 9507
-
2.5.1.81 mitochondrion
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana 5739
-

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
2.5.1.81 Mg2+ required Arabidopsis thaliana

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
2.5.1.81 geranylgeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate Arabidopsis thaliana
-
 (2E,6E,10E,14E)-geranylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
 ?
2.5.1.81 geranylgeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0
-
 (2E,6E,10E,14E)-geranylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
 ?
2.5.1.81 additional information Arabidopsis thaliana the enzyme also shows geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase activity, EC 2.5.1.29 ?
-
 ?
2.5.1.81 additional information Arabidopsis thaliana the enzyme also shows geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase activity, EC 2.5.1.29. The GFDP synthase is not part of a heterodimeric geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase ?
-
 ?
2.5.1.81 additional information Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 the enzyme also shows geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase activity, EC 2.5.1.29 ?
-
 ?
2.5.1.81 additional information Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 the enzyme also shows geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase activity, EC 2.5.1.29. The GFDP synthase is not part of a heterodimeric geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase ?
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
2.5.1.81 Arabidopsis thaliana
-
 gene AtIDS10
-
2.5.1.81 Arabidopsis thaliana
-
 gene AtIDS9
-
2.5.1.81 Arabidopsis thaliana Q9LIA0 cf. EC 2.5.1.29; gene AtIDS9
-
2.5.1.81 Arabidopsis thaliana Q9LUD9 cf. EC 2.5.1.29; gene AtIDS7
-
2.5.1.81 Arabidopsis thaliana Q9LUE1 cf. EC 2.5.1.29; gene AtIDS6
-
2.5.1.81 Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0
-
 gene AtIDS10
-
2.5.1.81 Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0
-
 gene AtIDS9
-
2.5.1.81 Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 Q9LIA0 cf. EC 2.5.1.29; gene AtIDS9
-
2.5.1.81 Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 Q9LUD9 cf. EC 2.5.1.29; gene AtIDS7
-
2.5.1.81 Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 Q9LUE1 cf. EC 2.5.1.29; gene AtIDS6
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
2.5.1.81 recombinant GST-tagged AtIDS1 from Escherichia coli strain BL21 by glutathione affinity chromatography Arabidopsis thaliana

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
2.5.1.81 leaf four of the GFDP synthases are targeted to the plastoglobules of the chloroplast and one is targeted to the mitochondria Arabidopsis thaliana
-
2.5.1.81 root predominantly Arabidopsis thaliana
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2.5.1.81 geranylgeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana (2E,6E,10E,14E)-geranylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
 ?
2.5.1.81 geranylgeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 (2E,6E,10E,14E)-geranylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate
-
 ?
2.5.1.81 additional information the enzyme also shows geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase activity, EC 2.5.1.29 Arabidopsis thaliana ?
-
 ?
2.5.1.81 additional information the enzyme also shows geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase activity, EC 2.5.1.29. The GFDP synthase is not part of a heterodimeric geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase Arabidopsis thaliana ?
-
 ?
2.5.1.81 additional information the enzyme also shows geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase activity, EC 2.5.1.29 Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 ?
-
 ?
2.5.1.81 additional information the enzyme also shows geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase activity, EC 2.5.1.29. The GFDP synthase is not part of a heterodimeric geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
2.5.1.81 AtIDS1
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
2.5.1.81 AtIDS10
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
2.5.1.81 AtIDS6
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
2.5.1.81 AtIDS7
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
2.5.1.81 AtIDS9
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
2.5.1.81 GFDP synthase
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
2.5.1.81 GFDP-forming enzyme
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
2.5.1.81 30
-
 assay at Arabidopsis thaliana

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
2.5.1.81 7.2
-
 assay at Arabidopsis thaliana

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
2.5.1.81 malfunction plants overexpressing gene AtIDS9 display a distinct growth phenotype in which young leaves have bleached patches that are not found on leaves of wild-type or AtIDS11 overexpressing lines Arabidopsis thaliana
2.5.1.81 additional information GFDP synthase activity is associated with specific amino acid residues of the first arginine-rich motif DDxxxxD Arabidopsis thaliana