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Literature summary extracted from
- Identification of novel aldose reductase inhibitors based on carboxymethylated mercaptotriazinoindole scaffold (2015), J. Med. Chem., 58, 2649-2657.
Cloned(Commentary)
| EC Number | Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.21 | gene AKR1B1, recombinant expression of His6-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21 gold (DE3) | Homo sapiens |
Crystallization (Commentary)
| EC Number | Crystallization (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.21 | purified recombinant enzyme ALR2 in complex with inhibitor 17744184, hanging drop vapour diffusion method, mixing of 15 mg/mL ALR2 protein solution with reservoir solution containing 5% w/v PEG 6000, 5.15 mg/mL DTT, 0.66 mg/mL NADP+, and 50 mM diammonium hydrogen citrate, pH 5.0, equilibration against 1 mL of well solution containing 20% w/v PEG 6000 in 120 mM diammonium hydrogen citrate, pH 5.0, 3 days at 4°C and 2-4 days at 18°C, X-ray diffraction structure determination and analysis at 1.26 A resolution | Homo sapiens |
Inhibitors
| EC Number | Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.2 | (1H-indol-1-yl)acetic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus |  |
| 1.1.1.2 | (2,3-dihydrocyclopenta[b]indol-4(1H)-yl)acetic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | (3-sulfanyl-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | (3-[[(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]sulfanyl]-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | (3-[[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6-trimethylanilino)ethyl]sulfanyl]-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | (4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-5H-pyridazino[4,5-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | (6H-indolo[2,3-b]quinoxalin-6-yl)acetic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | (7H-indolo[2',3':5,6][1,2,4]triazino[2,3-a]benzimidazol-7-yl)acetic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | (8-methyl-3-[[2-oxo-2-(propylamino)ethyl]sulfanyl]-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 2,5-dihydro-3H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indole-3-thione | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 3-(1H-indol-1-yl)propanoic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 3-[3-[(diethylamino)methyl]-1H-indol-1-yl]propanoic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | lidorestat | binding mode, overview | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | additional information | identification of aldose reductase inhibitors based on carboxymethylated mercaptotriazinoindole scaffold, the compouds have also lower inhibitory potency against aldehyde reductase, structure-activity relationships, overview | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | [(5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-3-yl)sulfanyl]acetic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | [3-(2,2-dimethylpropanoyl)-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | [3-[(diethylamino)methyl]-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | [3-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-2-methyl-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | [3-[(morpholin-4-yl)methyl]-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | [3-[(propan-2-yl)sulfanyl]-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl]acetic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.2 | [3-[(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl]-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.1.1.21 | (1H-indol-1-yl)acetic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | (2,3-dihydrocyclopenta[b]indol-4(1H)-yl)acetic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | (3-sulfanyl-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | (3-[[(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]sulfanyl]-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | (3-[[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6-trimethylanilino)ethyl]sulfanyl]-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | (4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-5H-pyridazino[4,5-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | (6H-indolo[2,3-b]quinoxalin-6-yl)acetic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | (7H-indolo[2',3':5,6][1,2,4]triazino[2,3-a]benzimidazol-7-yl)acetic acid | uncompetitive | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | (8-methyl-3-[[2-oxo-2-(propylamino)ethyl]sulfanyl]-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 2,5-dihydro-3H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indole-3-thione | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 3-(1H-indol-1-yl)propanoic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 3-[3-[(diethylamino)methyl]-1H-indol-1-yl]propanoic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | epalrestat | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | indole-1-acetic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | lidorestat | binding mode, overview | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | additional information | identification of aldose reductase inhibitors based on carboxymethylated mercaptotriazinoindole scaffold, structure-activity relationships, overview | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | zopolrestat | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | [(5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-3-yl)sulfanyl]acetic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | [3-(2,2-dimethylpropanoyl)-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | [3-[(diethylamino)methyl]-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | [3-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-2-methyl-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | [3-[(morpholin-4-yl)methyl]-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | [3-[(propan-2-yl)sulfanyl]-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl]acetic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.1.1.21 | [3-[(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl]-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| EC Number | Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.2 | D-glucuronate + NADPH + H+ | Rattus norvegicus | - |
? + NADP+ | - |
r | |
| 1.1.1.2 | D-glucuronate + NADPH + H+ | Rattus norvegicus Wistar | - |
? + NADP+ | - |
r | |
Organism
| EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.2 | Rattus norvegicus | P07943 | - |
- |
| 1.1.1.2 | Rattus norvegicus Wistar | P07943 | - |
- |
| 1.1.1.21 | Homo sapiens | P15121 | - |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| EC Number | Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.2 | native enzyme partially from lens and kidney | Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.1.1.21 | recombinant His6-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21 gold (DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography, tag cleavage by thrombin, followed by anion exchange chromatography | Homo sapiens |
Source Tissue
| EC Number | Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.2 | kidney | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| 1.1.1.2 | lens | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.2 | D-glucuronate + NADPH + H+ | - |
Rattus norvegicus | ? + NADP+ | - |
r | |
| 1.1.1.2 | D-glucuronate + NADPH + H+ | - |
Rattus norvegicus Wistar | ? + NADP+ | - |
r | |
| 1.1.1.21 | DL-glyceraldehyde + NADPH + H+ | - |
Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
Synonyms
| EC Number | Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.2 | AKR1A1 | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.1.1.2 | aldehyde reductase | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.1.1.2 | ALR1 | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.1.1.21 | AKR1B1 | - |
Homo sapiens |
| 1.1.1.21 | aldose reductase | - |
Homo sapiens |
| 1.1.1.21 | ALR2 | - |
Homo sapiens |
Cofactor
| EC Number | Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.2 | NADPH | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
Ki Value [mM]
| EC Number | Ki Value [mM] | Ki Value maximum [mM] | Inhibitor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.21 | additional information | - |
additional information | inhibition kinetics | Homo sapiens |
IC50 Value
| EC Number | IC50 Value | IC50 Value Maximum | Comment | Organism | Inhibitor | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.1.2 | 0.0012 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Rattus norvegicus | (3-[[(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]sulfanyl]-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 0.0048 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Rattus norvegicus | (2,3-dihydrocyclopenta[b]indol-4(1H)-yl)acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 0.0067 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Rattus norvegicus | 3-[3-[(diethylamino)methyl]-1H-indol-1-yl]propanoic acid | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 0.0118 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Rattus norvegicus | 3-(1H-indol-1-yl)propanoic acid | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 0.0141 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Rattus norvegicus | [3-[(propan-2-yl)sulfanyl]-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl]acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 0.0151 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Rattus norvegicus | (7H-indolo[2',3':5,6][1,2,4]triazino[2,3-a]benzimidazol-7-yl)acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 0.0192 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Rattus norvegicus | [3-[(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl]-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 0.0196 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Rattus norvegicus | (8-methyl-3-[[2-oxo-2-(propylamino)ethyl]sulfanyl]-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 0.0223 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Rattus norvegicus | [3-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-2-methyl-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 0.0235 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Rattus norvegicus | (3-[[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6-trimethylanilino)ethyl]sulfanyl]-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 0.0248 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Rattus norvegicus | (6H-indolo[2,3-b]quinoxalin-6-yl)acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 0.0325 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Rattus norvegicus | [3-[(morpholin-4-yl)methyl]-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 0.0381 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Rattus norvegicus | [3-[(diethylamino)methyl]-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 0.0406 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Rattus norvegicus | (3-sulfanyl-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 0.049 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Rattus norvegicus | (4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-5H-pyridazino[4,5-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 0.0684 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Rattus norvegicus | [3-(2,2-dimethylpropanoyl)-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.2 | 0.0802 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Rattus norvegicus | (1H-indol-1-yl)acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 0.097 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | (3-sulfanyl-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 0.33 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | (8-methyl-3-[[2-oxo-2-(propylamino)ethyl]sulfanyl]-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 2.05 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | [3-[(propan-2-yl)sulfanyl]-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl]acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 2.24 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | (3-[[(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]sulfanyl]-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 2.75 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | (6H-indolo[2,3-b]quinoxalin-6-yl)acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 2.87 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | (2,3-dihydrocyclopenta[b]indol-4(1H)-yl)acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 3.46 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | [(5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-3-yl)sulfanyl]acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 4.06 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | (3-[[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6-trimethylanilino)ethyl]sulfanyl]-5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 4.41 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | 2,5-dihydro-3H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indole-3-thione | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 7.3 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | (1H-indol-1-yl)acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 9.95 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | (7H-indolo[2',3':5,6][1,2,4]triazino[2,3-a]benzimidazol-7-yl)acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 11.46 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | (4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-5H-pyridazino[4,5-b]indol-5-yl)acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 13.76 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | [3-(2,2-dimethylpropanoyl)-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 19.85 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | 3-[3-[(diethylamino)methyl]-1H-indol-1-yl]propanoic acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 30.14 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | [3-[(diethylamino)methyl]-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 34.52 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | [3-[(morpholin-4-yl)methyl]-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 42.16 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | [3-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-2-methyl-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 46.48 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | [3-[(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl]-1H-indol-1-yl]acetic acid | |
| 1.1.1.21 | 53.54 | - |
pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Homo sapiens | 3-(1H-indol-1-yl)propanoic acid | |
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