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Literature summary extracted from

  • Blomstedt, C.K.; O'Donnell, N.H.; Bjarnholt, N.; Neale, A.D.; Hamill, J.D.; Moeller, B.L.; Gleadow, R.M.
    Metabolic consequences of knocking out UGT85B1, the gene encoding the glucosyltransferase required for synthesis of dhurrin in Sorghum bicolor (L. Moench) (2016), Plant Cell Physiol., 57, 373-386.
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
2.4.1.85 gene UGT85B1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis of wild-type and mutant tcd2 genes. The CYP79A1, CYP71E1 and UGT85B1 genes required for dhurrin synthesis are clustered Sorghum bicolor

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
2.4.1.85 additional information construction of a knockout mutant by use of targeted induced local lesions in genomes (TILLING) to identify a line with a mutation resulting in a premature stop codon in the N-terminal region of UGT85B1. Plants homozygous for this mutation do not produce dhurrin and are designated tcd2 (totally cyanide deficient 2) mutants. Phenotype, detailed overview Sorghum bicolor

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
2.4.1.85 chloroplast
-
 Sorghum bicolor 9507
-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
2.4.1.85 UDP-D-glucose + (S)-4-hydroxymandelonitrile Sorghum bicolor the glucosylation stabilizes the labile cyanohydrin UDP + (S)-4-hydroxymandelonitrile beta-D-glucoside i.e. dhurrin ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
2.4.1.85 Sorghum bicolor Q9SBL1 BTx cultivar, gene UGT85B1
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
2.4.1.85 leaf
-
 Sorghum bicolor
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2.4.1.85 UDP-D-glucose + (S)-4-hydroxymandelonitrile
-
 Sorghum bicolor UDP + (S)-4-hydroxymandelonitrile beta-D-glucoside i.e. dhurrin ?
2.4.1.85 UDP-D-glucose + (S)-4-hydroxymandelonitrile the glucosylation stabilizes the labile cyanohydrin Sorghum bicolor UDP + (S)-4-hydroxymandelonitrile beta-D-glucoside i.e. dhurrin ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
2.4.1.85 UGT85B1
-
 Sorghum bicolor

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
2.4.1.85 malfunction plant tcd2 mutants deficient in the enzyme have reduced vigor, being dwarfed, with poor root development and low fertility. The mutant plants accumulate numerous dhurrin pathway-derived metabolites, some of which are similar to those observed in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana expressing the CYP79A1 and CYP71E1 genes. The tcd2 mutant suffers from self-intoxication because Sorghum does not have a feedback mechanism to inhibit the initial steps of dhurrin biosynthesis when the glucosyltransferase activity required to complete the synthesis of dhurrin is lacking. Phenotype, detailed overview Sorghum bicolor
2.4.1.85 metabolism dhurrin is a cyanogenic glucoside and its synthesis from the amino acid tyrosine is catalysed by two membrane-bound cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP79A1 and CYP71E1) and a soluble glucosyltransferase (UGT85B1), and is dependent on electron transfer from a P450 oxidoreductase. Dhurrin biosynthesis in Sorghum and the formation of products derived from the different intermediates as part of the detoxification processes or as putative turnover products identified in the tcd2 mutant, overview Sorghum bicolor
2.4.1.85 physiological function enzyme UGT85B1 is essential for formation of dhurrin in sorghum with no co-expressed endogenous UDP-glucosyltransferases able to replace it. Presence of metabolites in the tcd2 mutant which are suggested to be derived from dhurrin via endogenous pathways for nitrogen recovery, indicating which enzymes may be involved in such pathways, metabolites identification by LC-MS Sorghum bicolor