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Literature summary extracted from

  • Mizuno, K.; Kurosawa, S.; Yoshizawa, Y.; Kato, M.
    Essential region for 3-N methylation in N-methyltransferases involved in caffeine biosynthesis (2010), Z. Naturforsch. C, 65c, 257-265.
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
2.1.1.158 expression of wild-type and mutant enzymes in Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3), sequence comparison of caffeine synthetic enzymes from coffee Coffea sp.
2.1.1.159 expression of wild-type and mutant enzymes in Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3), sequence comparisonof caffeine synthetic enzymes from coffee Coffea sp.
2.1.1.160 expression of wild-type and mutant enzymes in Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3), sequence comparisonof caffeine synthetic enzymes from coffee Coffea sp.

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
2.1.1.158 A23S site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant exhibits no 3-N methylation activity like the wild-type, the mutant shows over 80% of wild-type 7-methylation activity Coffea sp.
2.1.1.158 A23S/L191P/H219R site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant exhibits no 3-N methylation activity like the wild-type, the mutant shows over 80% of wild-type 7-methylation activity Coffea sp.
2.1.1.158 A23S/P104Q/H219R site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant exhibits no 3-N methylation activity like the wild-type, the mutant shows over 80% of wild-type 7-methylation activity Coffea sp.
2.1.1.158 A23S/P104Q/Q161H/H219R site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant exhibits 3-N methylation activity in contrast to the wild-type enzyme, the mutant shows 60% of wild-type 7-methylation activity Coffea sp.
2.1.1.158 A23S/P104Q/Q161H/L191P/H219R site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant exhibits 3-N methylation activity in contrast to the wild-type enzyme, the mutant shows over 80% of wild-type 7-methylation activity Coffea sp.
2.1.1.158 A23S/Q161H/H219R site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant exhibits 3-N methylation activity in contrast to the wild-type enzyme, the mutant shows over 80% of wild-type 7-methylation activity Coffea sp.
2.1.1.158 A23S/Q161H/L191P/H219R site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant exhibits 3-N methylation activity in contrast to the wild-type enzyme, the mutant shows over 80% of wild-type 7-methylation activity Coffea sp.
2.1.1.158 H219R site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant exhibits no 3-N methylation activity like the wild-type, the mutant shows over 80% of wild-type 7-methylation activity Coffea sp.
2.1.1.158 L191P site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant exhibits no 3-N methylation activity like the wild-type, the mutant shows over 80% of wild-type 7-methylation activity Coffea sp.
2.1.1.158 additional information construction of several enzyme mutants, overview. The mutants of CmXRS1, that have 3-N methylation activity and produce caffeine from paraxanthine as a substrate, need to have replacement of the glutamine residue by histidine at position 161 in the CmXRS1 sequence, i.e. a Q161H mutation, overview Coffea sp.
2.1.1.158 P104Q site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant exhibits no 3-N methylation activity like the wild-type, the mutant shows over 80% of wild-type 7-methylation activity Coffea sp.
2.1.1.158 P104Q/L191P site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant exhibits no 3-N methylation activity like the wild-type, the mutant shows over 80% of wild-type 7-methylation activity Coffea sp.
2.1.1.158 P104Q/Q161H site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant exhibits 3-N methylation activity in contrast to the wild-type enzyme, the mutant shows over 80% of wild-type 7-methylation activity Coffea sp.
2.1.1.158 P104Q/Q161H/L191P site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant exhibits 3-N methylation activity in contrast to the wild-type enzyme, the mutant shows over 80% of wild-type 7-methylation activity Coffea sp.
2.1.1.158 Q161H site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant exhibits 3-N methylation activity in contrast to the wild-type enzyme, the mutant shows over 80% of wild-type 7-methylation activity Coffea sp.
2.1.1.158 Q161H/L191P site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant exhibits 3-N methylation activity in contrast to the wild-type enzyme, the mutant shows over 80% of wild-type 7-methylation activity Coffea sp.
2.1.1.159 additional information construction of several enzyme mutants, overview Coffea sp.
2.1.1.160 additional information construction of several enzyme mutants, overview Coffea sp.

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
2.1.1.158 Mg2+ required Coffea sp.

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
2.1.1.158 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + xanthosine Coffea sp.
-
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 7-methylxanthosine
-
?
2.1.1.159 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 7-methylxanthine Coffea sp.
-
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3,7-dimethylxanthine
-
?
2.1.1.160 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1,7-dimethylxanthine Coffea sp.
-
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine
-
?
2.1.1.160 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 3,7-dimethylxanthine Coffea sp.
-
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine
-
?
2.1.1.160 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 7-methylxanthine Coffea sp.
-
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3,7-dimethylxanthine
-
?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
2.1.1.158 Coffea sp.
-
-
-
2.1.1.159 Coffea sp.
-
-
-
2.1.1.160 Coffea sp.
-
-
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2.1.1.158 additional information 7-methylxanthosine synthase shows the most critical substrate specifi city of the three types of N-methyltransferases in Coffea species Coffea sp. ?
-
?
2.1.1.158 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + xanthosine
-
Coffea sp. S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 7-methylxanthosine
-
?
2.1.1.159 additional information minor activity of 3-N-methylation of paraxanthine is present in theobromine synthase Coffea sp. ?
-
?
2.1.1.159 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 7-methylxanthine
-
Coffea sp. S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3,7-dimethylxanthine
-
?
2.1.1.160 additional information the descending order of activity of the purine base with caffeine synthase is N-3, N-1, N-7 Coffea sp. ?
-
?
2.1.1.160 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1,7-dimethylxanthine
-
Coffea sp. S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine
-
?
2.1.1.160 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1,7-dimethylxanthine paraxanthine is the best methyl acceptor for caffeine synthase Coffea sp. S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine
-
?
2.1.1.160 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 3,7-dimethylxanthine
-
Coffea sp. S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine
-
?
2.1.1.160 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 7-methylxanthine
-
Coffea sp. S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3,7-dimethylxanthine
-
?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
2.1.1.158 CmXRS1
-
Coffea sp.
2.1.1.159 3-N-methyltransferase
-
Coffea sp.
2.1.1.159 CTS1
-
Coffea sp.
2.1.1.159 CTS2
-
Coffea sp.
2.1.1.160 CCS1
-
Coffea sp.

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
2.1.1.158 27
-
assay at Coffea sp.

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
2.1.1.158 7.5
-
assay at Coffea sp.

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
2.1.1.158 S-adenosyl-L-methionine
-
Coffea sp.
2.1.1.159 S-adenosyl-L-methionine
-
Coffea sp.
2.1.1.160 S-adenosyl-L-methionine
-
Coffea sp.

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
2.1.1.158 metabolism the enzyme catalyzes the first step in caffeine biosynthesis, pathway overview Coffea sp.
2.1.1.159 metabolism the enzyme catalyzes the second step in caffeine biosynthesis, pathway overview Coffea sp.
2.1.1.160 metabolism the enzyme catalyzes the second and third step in caffeine biosynthesis, pathway overview Coffea sp.