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Literature summary extracted from

  • Wijekoon, C.P.; Facchini, P.J.
    Systematic knockdown of morphine pathway enzymes in opium poppy using virus-induced gene silencing (2012), Plant J., 69, 1052-1063.
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.1.1.248 real-time quantitative PCR expression analysis Papaver somniferum
2.3.1.150 real-time quantitative PCR expression analysis Papaver somniferum

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
1.1.1.248 additional information specific virus-induced gene silencing as a functional genomics tool to investigate the regulation of morphine biosynthesis via a systematic reduction in enzyme levels responsible for the final six steps in the pathway, overview. Reduced SalR protein levels correlate with lower morphine levels and a substantial increase in the accumulation of salutaridine Papaver somniferum
2.3.1.150 additional information specific gene silencing of the enzymes involved in alkaloid biosynthesis in opium poppy using virus-induced gene silencing, VIGS, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens transfection Papaver somniferum

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.1.1.248 salutaridine + NADPH + H+ Papaver somniferum
-
 salutaridinol + NADP+
-
 r
1.14.19.67 (R)-reticuline + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 Papaver somniferum
-
 salutaridine + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
 ?
2.3.1.150 acetyl-CoA + salutaridinol Papaver somniferum
-
 CoA + 7-O-acetylsalutaridinol
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.1.1.248 Papaver somniferum
-
 gene salR
-
1.14.19.67 Papaver somniferum B1NF18
-
-
2.3.1.150 Papaver somniferum
-
-
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.1.1.248 salutaridine + NADPH + H+
-
 Papaver somniferum salutaridinol + NADP+
-
 r
1.14.19.67 (R)-norreticuline + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2
-
 Papaver somniferum norsalutaridine + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.67 (R)-reticuline + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2
-
 Papaver somniferum salutaridine + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
 ?
2.3.1.150 acetyl-CoA + salutaridinol
-
 Papaver somniferum CoA + 7-O-acetylsalutaridinol
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.1.1.248 SalR
-
 Papaver somniferum
1.1.1.248 salutaridine reductase
-
 Papaver somniferum
1.14.19.67 SalSyn
-
 Papaver somniferum
2.3.1.150 SalAT
-
 Papaver somniferum
2.3.1.150 salutaridine 7-O-acetyltransferase
-
 Papaver somniferum

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.248 NADP+
-
 Papaver somniferum
1.1.1.248 NADPH
-
 Papaver somniferum
2.3.1.150 acetyl-CoA dependent on Papaver somniferum

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.1.1.248 malfunction reduced SalR protein levels correlate with lower morphine levels and a substantial increase in the accumulation of salutaridine. Morphine biosynthesis can be perturbed at each of the six final steps Papaver somniferum
1.1.1.248 metabolism the enzyme catalyzes a step in the morphinan alkaloid pathway, benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in opium poppy from (R)-reticuline to morphine overview. Morphine biosynthesis can be perturbed at each of the six final steps Papaver somniferum
1.14.19.67 malfunction enzyme silencing causes a profound increase in the absolute accumulation of reticuline at the expense of downstream products, especially morphine Papaver somniferum
2.3.1.150 malfunction silencing of the gene encoding SalAT results in the accumulation of salutaridine, which is not the corresponding enzymatic substrate. Reduction of SalAt transcript and protein levels results in an increase in salutaridine, i.e. an approximately 20-fold increase compared with controls, and a concomitant decrease in thebaine levels. Codeine and morphine accumulation are also significantly reduced Papaver somniferum
2.3.1.150 metabolism SalAT is involved in the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in opium poppy from (R)-reticuline to morphine, pathway overview Papaver somniferum