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Literature summary extracted from

  • Cao, H.; Pauff, J.; Hille, R.
    Substrate orientation and the origin of catalytic power in xanthine oxidoreductase (2011), Indian J. Chem., 50A, 355-362.
No PubMed abstract available

Crystallization (Commentary)

EC Number Crystallization (Comment) Organism
1.17.3.2 crystal structure determination and analysis of the enzyme in complex with a variety of substrates and substrate analogues, e.g. with 2-hydroxy-6-methylpurine or hypoxanthine, X-ray diffraction structure analysis at 1.8-3.1 A resolution Bos taurus

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
1.17.3.2 alloxanthine a mechanism-based inhibitor, binding structure, overview. Inhibition mechanism involves binding to molybdenum, overview Bos taurus

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
1.17.3.2 Fe2+ in a [Fe2-S2] domain Bos taurus
1.17.3.2 Molybdenum the molybdenum center is a pyranopterin-MoVI-OS-OH. The pyranopterin cofactor is coordinated to the metall via an enedithiolate side chain, coordination geometry, overview Bos taurus
1.17.3.2 additional information the molybdenum center is located in a separate subunit from the Fe/S- and flavin-containing parts of the enzyme Bos taurus

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
1.17.3.2 295000
-
-
 Bos taurus

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.17.3.2 Bos taurus
-
-
-

Reaction

EC Number Reaction Comment Organism Reaction ID
1.17.3.2 xanthine + H2O + O2 = urate + H2O2 reaction mechanism, detailed overview. The reaction is initiated by proton abstraction from the Mo-OH group by Glu1261, the active-site base, followed by nucleophilic attack on the carbon to be hydroxylated, and hydride transfer to the Mo-S double bond. Suitable substrate orientation, overview. Arg880 is involved in stablizing the transition state in the course of nucleophilic attack, overview Bos taurus
a

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.17.3.2 additional information role of Glu802 is facilitating the tautomerization of hypoxanthine in the course of hydroxylation by the enzyme, substrate binding structures, overview Bos taurus ?
-
 ?
1.17.3.2 additional information xanthine and lumazine are good substrates, while 2-hydroxy-6-methylpurine is a slow and poor substrate Bos taurus ?
-
 ?

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
1.17.3.2 homodimer alpha2, with four redox-active centers in each subunit laid out in discretely folding domains, structure, overview Bos taurus

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.17.3.2 xanthine oxidoreductase
-
 Bos taurus

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.17.3.2 FAD
-
 Bos taurus
1.17.3.2 additional information the molybdenum center is located in a separate subunit from the Fe/S- and flavin-containing parts of the enzyme Bos taurus

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.17.3.2 additional information active site structure, overview Bos taurus
1.17.3.2 physiological function xanthine oxidase functions not only to hydroxylate xanthine at C-8 to give uric acid, but also hypoxanthine at C-2 to give xanthine in the immediate preceding step of purine catabolism Bos taurus