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Literature summary extracted from
- Molecular and dietary regulation of beta,beta-carotene 15,15-monooxygenase 1 (BCMO1) (2010), Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 502, 8-16.
Activating Compound
| EC Number | Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.13.11.63 | 2-mercaptoethanol | - |
Homo sapiens |  |
| 1.13.11.63 | 2-mercaptoethanol | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | 2-mercaptoethanol | - |
Sus scrofa | |
| 1.13.11.63 | apo-12'-carotenal | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.13.11.63 | GSH | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.13.11.63 | GSH | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | GSH | - |
Sus scrofa | |
| 1.13.11.63 | additional information | influence of different types of fats on intestinal and hepatic BCMO1 activity, overview | Rattus norvegicus |
Cloned(Commentary)
| EC Number | Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.13.11.63 | identification of ligand binding sites on the bcmo1 promoter, transcriptional regulation, overview | Homo sapiens |
Protein Variants
| EC Number | Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.13.11.63 | A379V | naturally occuring polymorphism, the mutation causes 33% reduced BCMO1 activity compared to wild-type in vitro and 32% reduced conversion of beta-carotene after a pharmacological dose in female volunteers | Homo sapiens |
| 1.13.11.63 | N329T | naturally occuring polymorphism | Homo sapiens |
| 1.13.11.63 | R228C | naturally occuring polymorphism | Homo sapiens |
| 1.13.11.63 | R267S | naturally occuring polymorphism, the mutation does not show any effect on BCMO1 activity in vitro and in vivo | Homo sapiens |
| 1.13.11.63 | R267S/A379V | naturally occuring polymorphism, the mutation causes 57% reduced BCMO1 activity compared to wild-type in vitro and 69% reduced conversion of beta-carotene after a pharmacological dose in female volunteers | Homo sapiens |
| 1.13.11.63 | R537K | naturally occuring polymorphism | Homo sapiens |
| 1.13.11.63 | T170M | naturally occuring polymorphism, the mutant shows 90% reduced BCMO1 activity compared to wild-type in vitro causing hypercarotenemia and hypovitaminose A | Homo sapiens |
| 1.13.11.63 | T381L | naturally occuring polymorphism, the mutant shows 75% increased BCMO1 activity compared to wild-type in vitro | Homo sapiens |
| 1.13.11.63 | T382P | naturally occuring polymorphism | Homo sapiens |
| 1.13.11.63 | Y236S | naturally occuring polymorphism | Homo sapiens |
Inhibitors
| EC Number | Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.13.11.63 | 13-cis-retinal | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.13.11.63 | 2,2'-dipyridyl | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.13.11.63 | 2,2'-dipyridyl | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | 2,2'-dipyridyl | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | 2,2'-dipyridyl | slight inhibition | Sus scrofa | |
| 1.13.11.63 | 4-chloromercuribenzoate | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.13.11.63 | 4-chloromercuribenzoate | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | 4-chloromercuribenzoate | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | 4-chloromercuribenzoate | - |
Sus scrofa | |
| 1.13.11.63 | 4-hydroxymercuribenzoate | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.13.11.63 | 4-hydroxymercuribenzoate | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | 4-hydroxymercuribenzoate | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | 8-hydroxyquinoline | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | 9-cis-retinal | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.13.11.63 | all-trans retinal | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.13.11.63 | apo-8'-carotenal | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta-carotene | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.13.11.63 | Diphenylamine | non-competitive inhibition | Mus musculus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | EDTA | slight inhibition | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | iodoacetamide | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | iodoacetamide | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | additional information | no inhibition by cyanide | Oryctolagus cuniculus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | additional information | influence of different types of fats on intestinal and hepatic BCMO1 activity, overview | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | additional information | no inhibition by EDTA | Sus scrofa | |
| 1.13.11.63 | N-ethylmaleimide | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.13.11.63 | N-ethylmaleimide | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | N-ethylmaleimide | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | Na-arsenite | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | o-Iodosobenzoate | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | o-phenanthroline | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 1.13.11.63 | o-phenanthroline | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | o-phenanthroline | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | o-phenanthroline | - |
Sus scrofa | |
| 1.13.11.63 | retinyl acetate | - |
Homo sapiens | |
KM Value [mM]
| EC Number | KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.13.11.63 | 0.00052 | 0.0059 | beta-carotene | pH 7.7, 37°C | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | 0.0013 | 0.0056 | beta-carotene | pH 7.8-8.2, 37°C | Sus scrofa | |
| 1.13.11.63 | 0.006 | - |
beta-carotene | pH 7.5-8.0, 37°C, recombinant enzyme | Mus musculus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | 0.006 | 0.031 | beta-carotene | pH 7.5-8.0, 37°C, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.13.11.63 | 0.026 | - |
beta-carotene | pH 7.5-8.0, 37°C, recombinant enzyme | Gallus gallus | |
Metals/Ions
| EC Number | Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.13.11.63 | Fe2+ | required | Gallus gallus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | Fe2+ | required | Cavia porcellus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | Fe2+ | required | Mus musculus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | Fe2+ | required | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.13.11.63 | Fe2+ | required | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.13.11.63 | Fe2+ | required | Sus scrofa | |
| 1.13.11.63 | Fe2+ | required | Oryctolagus cuniculus | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| EC Number | Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.13.11.63 | 63000 | - |
x * 63000, recombinant enzyme | Mus musculus |
| 1.13.11.63 | 64000 | - |
x * 64000, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens |
| 1.13.11.63 | 240000 | - |
x * 240000, recombinant enzyme | Gallus gallus |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| EC Number | Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.13.11.63 | beta-carotene + O2 | Gallus gallus | - |
2 retinal | - |
? | |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta-carotene + O2 | Cavia porcellus | - |
2 retinal | - |
? | |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta-carotene + O2 | Mus musculus | - |
2 retinal | - |
? | |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta-carotene + O2 | Homo sapiens | - |
2 retinal | - |
? | |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta-carotene + O2 | Rattus norvegicus | - |
2 retinal | - |
? | |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta-carotene + O2 | Sus scrofa | - |
2 retinal | - |
? | |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta-carotene + O2 | Oryctolagus cuniculus | - |
2 retinal | - |
? | |
Organism
| EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.13.11.63 | Cavia porcellus | - |
- |
- |
| 1.13.11.63 | Gallus gallus | - |
- |
- |
| 1.13.11.63 | Homo sapiens | - |
- |
- |
| 1.13.11.63 | Mus musculus | - |
- |
- |
| 1.13.11.63 | Oryctolagus cuniculus | - |
- |
- |
| 1.13.11.63 | Rattus norvegicus | - |
- |
- |
| 1.13.11.63 | Sus scrofa | - |
- |
- |
Source Tissue
| EC Number | Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.13.11.63 | adipose tissue | - |
Cavia porcellus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | adipose tissue | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | adipose tissue | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | adrenal gland | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | brain | - |
Cavia porcellus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | brain | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | brain | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | colon | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | colon | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | colon | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | D-407 cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | embryo | - |
Gallus gallus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | epithelial cell | of several tissues including stomach, intestine, colon, prostate glands, and endometrium | Homo sapiens | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | epithelial cell | of several tissues including stomach, intestine, colon, prostate glands, and endometrium | Rattus norvegicus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | epithelial cell | of several tissues including stomach, intestine, colon, prostate glands, and endometrium | Sus scrofa | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | intestine | mucosa | Cavia porcellus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | intestine | mucosa | Mus musculus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | intestine | mucosa | Homo sapiens | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | intestine | mucosa | Rattus norvegicus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | intestine | mucosa | Sus scrofa | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | intestine | mucosa | Oryctolagus cuniculus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | kidney | - |
Cavia porcellus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | kidney | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | kidney | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | kidney | high level, in distal and proximal tubular structures | Homo sapiens | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | kidney | high level, in distal and proximal tubular structures | Rattus norvegicus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | kidney | high level, in distal and proximal tubular structures | Sus scrofa | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | liver | - |
Cavia porcellus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | liver | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | liver | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | liver | high level | Homo sapiens | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | liver | high level | Rattus norvegicus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | liver | high level | Sus scrofa | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | lung | - |
Cavia porcellus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | lung | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | lung | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | additional information | BCMO1 expression in the exocrine portion of the pancreas, epidermis of the skin, and ciliary body pigment epithelia and RPE of the eye | Homo sapiens | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | additional information | BCMO1 expression in the exocrine portion of the pancreas, epidermis of the skin, and ciliary body pigment epithelia and RPE of the eye | Rattus norvegicus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | additional information | BCMO1 expression in the exocrine portion of the pancreas, epidermis of the skin, and ciliary body pigment epithelia and RPE of the eye | Sus scrofa | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | ovary | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | ovary | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | ovary | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | prostate gland | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | prostate gland | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | prostate gland | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | skeletal muscle | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | skeletal muscle | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | skeletal muscle | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | skin | epidermis | Homo sapiens | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | skin | epidermis | Rattus norvegicus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | skin | epidermis | Sus scrofa | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | stomach | - |
Cavia porcellus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | stomach | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | stomach | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | stomach | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | stomach | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | stomach | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | testis | - |
Cavia porcellus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | testis | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | testis | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | testis | Leydig and Sertoli cells | Homo sapiens | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | testis | Leydig and Sertoli cells | Rattus norvegicus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | testis | Leydig and Sertoli cells | Sus scrofa | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | uterine endometrium | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | uterine endometrium | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| 1.13.11.63 | uterine endometrium | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.13.11.63 | beta-carotene + O2 | - |
Gallus gallus | 2 retinal | - |
? | |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta-carotene + O2 | - |
Cavia porcellus | 2 retinal | - |
? | |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta-carotene + O2 | - |
Mus musculus | 2 retinal | - |
? | |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta-carotene + O2 | - |
Homo sapiens | 2 retinal | - |
? | |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta-carotene + O2 | - |
Rattus norvegicus | 2 retinal | - |
? | |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta-carotene + O2 | - |
Sus scrofa | 2 retinal | - |
? | |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta-carotene + O2 | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus | 2 retinal | - |
? | |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta-carotene + O2 | tyrosine Y235 and Y326 in mouse BCMO1 fix the position of the substrate on the two sides of the 15,15'-double bond most likely due to a mechanism implicating cation pi-stabilization | Mus musculus | 2 retinal | - |
? | |
Subunits
| EC Number | Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.13.11.63 | ? | x * 100000-20000 | Sus scrofa |
| 1.13.11.63 | ? | x * 100000-200000 | Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.13.11.63 | ? | x * 240000, recombinant enzyme | Gallus gallus |
| 1.13.11.63 | ? | x * 63000, recombinant enzyme | Mus musculus |
| 1.13.11.63 | ? | x * 64000, recombinant enzyme | Homo sapiens |
Synonyms
| EC Number | Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.13.11.63 | Bcmo1 | - |
Gallus gallus |
| 1.13.11.63 | Bcmo1 | - |
Cavia porcellus |
| 1.13.11.63 | Bcmo1 | - |
Mus musculus |
| 1.13.11.63 | Bcmo1 | - |
Homo sapiens |
| 1.13.11.63 | Bcmo1 | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.13.11.63 | Bcmo1 | - |
Sus scrofa |
| 1.13.11.63 | Bcmo1 | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase 1 | - |
Gallus gallus |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase 1 | - |
Cavia porcellus |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase 1 | - |
Mus musculus |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase 1 | - |
Homo sapiens |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase 1 | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase 1 | - |
Sus scrofa |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase 1 | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase-1 | - |
Gallus gallus |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase-1 | - |
Cavia porcellus |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase-1 | - |
Mus musculus |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase-1 | - |
Homo sapiens |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase-1 | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase-1 | - |
Sus scrofa |
| 1.13.11.63 | beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase-1 | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| EC Number | Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.13.11.63 | 37 | - |
- |
Gallus gallus |
| 1.13.11.63 | 37 | - |
- |
Mus musculus |
| 1.13.11.63 | 37 | - |
- |
Homo sapiens |
| 1.13.11.63 | 37 | - |
- |
Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.13.11.63 | 37 | - |
- |
Sus scrofa |
| 1.13.11.63 | 37 | - |
- |
Oryctolagus cuniculus |
pH Optimum
| EC Number | pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.13.11.63 | 7.5 | 8 | - |
Mus musculus |
| 1.13.11.63 | 7.5 | 8 | - |
Homo sapiens |
| 1.13.11.63 | 7.7 | - |
- |
Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.13.11.63 | 7.8 | - |
- |
Oryctolagus cuniculus |
| 1.13.11.63 | 7.8 | 8.2 | - |
Sus scrofa |
| 1.13.11.63 | 8 | - |
- |
Gallus gallus |
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