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Literature summary extracted from

  • Witt, E.M.; Davies, N.W.; Galinski, E.A.
    Unexpected property of ectoine synthase and its application for synthesis of the engineered compatible solute ADPC (2011), Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 91, 113-122.
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
4.2.1.108 expression of His6-tagged ectoine synthase in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) Halomonas elongata

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
4.2.1.108 additional information construction of enzyme-deficient strains by gene ectC inframe deletion though the splicing-by-overlap-extension PCR technique Halomonas elongata

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
4.2.1.108 0.0287
-
 L-homoectoine recombinant enzyme, pH 8.5, 21°C Halomonas elongata

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
4.2.1.108 16520
-
 x * 16520, recombinant His-tagged enzyme, SDS-PAGE Halomonas elongata

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
4.2.1.108 N4-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutanoate Halomonas elongata an intramolecular condensation reaction L-ectoine + H2O
-
 r
4.2.1.108 N4-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutanoate Halomonas elongata DSM 2581 an intramolecular condensation reaction L-ectoine + H2O
-
 r

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
4.2.1.108 Halomonas elongata
-
 gene ectC
-
4.2.1.108 Halomonas elongata DSM 2581
-
 gene ectC
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
4.2.1.108 recombinant His6-tagged ectoine synthase from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography Halomonas elongata

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
4.2.1.108 0.16
-
 purified recombinant enzyme, substrate is 4,5-dihydro-2-methylimidazole-4-carboxylate, hydrolytic reaction, pH 8.5, 21°C Halomonas elongata
4.2.1.108 0.3
-
 purified recombinant enzyme, substrate is 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate, hydrolytic reaction, pH 8.5, 21°C Halomonas elongata

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
4.2.1.108 D,L-4,5-dihydro-2-methylimidazole-4-carboxylate + H2O
-
 Halomonas elongata ?
-
 r
4.2.1.108 D,L-4,5-dihydro-2-methylimidazole-4-carboxylate + H2O
-
 Halomonas elongata DSM 2581 ?
-
 r
4.2.1.108 L-glutamine
-
 Halomonas elongata 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate + H2O
-
 r
4.2.1.108 L-glutamine
-
 Halomonas elongata DSM 2581 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate + H2O
-
 r
4.2.1.108 L-homoectoine + H2O
-
 Halomonas elongata ?
-
 r
4.2.1.108 additional information ectoine synthase accepts more than one substrate and is a reversible enzyme able to catalyze both the intramolecular condensation into and the hydrolytic cleavage of cyclic amino acid derivatives. It forms 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate, ADPC, by cyclic condensation of glutamine in a reversible reaction. A number of ectoine derivatives, in particular 4,5-dihydro-2-methylimidazole-4-carboxylate and L-homoectoine, are also cleaved by ectoine synthase. Proposed reaction mechanism leading to L-ectoine and 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate, respectively, catalyzed by ectoine synthase, overview Halomonas elongata ?
-
 ?
4.2.1.108 additional information ectoine synthase accepts more than one substrate and is a reversible enzyme able to catalyze both the intramolecular condensation into and the hydrolytic cleavage of cyclic amino acid derivatives. It forms 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate, ADPC, by cyclic condensation of glutamine in a reversible reaction. A number of ectoine derivatives, in particular 4,5-dihydro-2-methylimidazole-4-carboxylate and L-homoectoine, are also cleaved by ectoine synthase. Proposed reaction mechanism leading to L-ectoine and 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate, respectively, catalyzed by ectoine synthase, overview Halomonas elongata DSM 2581 ?
-
 ?
4.2.1.108 N4-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutanoate an intramolecular condensation reaction Halomonas elongata L-ectoine + H2O
-
 r
4.2.1.108 N4-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutanoate an intramolecular condensation reaction Halomonas elongata L-ectoine + H2O i.e. 1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidine carboxylic acid, over 95% conversion by the recombinant ectoine synthase r
4.2.1.108 N4-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutanoate an intramolecular condensation reaction Halomonas elongata DSM 2581 L-ectoine + H2O
-
 r
4.2.1.108 N4-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutanoate an intramolecular condensation reaction Halomonas elongata DSM 2581 L-ectoine + H2O i.e. 1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidine carboxylic acid, over 95% conversion by the recombinant ectoine synthase r

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
4.2.1.108 ? x * 16520, recombinant His-tagged enzyme, SDS-PAGE Halomonas elongata

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
4.2.1.108 EctC
-
 Halomonas elongata

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
4.2.1.108 21
-
 assay at Halomonas elongata

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
4.2.1.108 8.5
-
 assay at Halomonas elongata

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
4.2.1.108 malfunction in Halomonas elongata mutant strains deficient in ectA, encoding L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid acetyltransferase, no ectoine synthesis is obeserved Halomonas elongata
4.2.1.108 metabolism ectoine synthase is involved in the biosynthetic pathway of L-ectoine and (S,S)-beta-hydroxyectoine, involvement of ectoine synthase in 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate biosynthesis in vitro Halomonas elongata
4.2.1.108 physiological function extraordinary protective properties of 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate produced by ectoine synthase Halomonas elongata