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Literature summary extracted from
- Evolution of steroid-5alpha-reductases and comparison of their function with 5beta-reductase (2010), Gen. Comp. Endocrinol., 166, 489-497.
Cloned(Commentary)
| EC Number | Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.5 | phylogenetic analysis of SRD5alpha, overview. SRD5alpha subfamilies include, not only the well-known SRD5alpha type 1, type 2 and type 3, but also the synaptic glycoprotein (GPSN2)/trans-2,3-enoly-CoA reductase group | Gallus gallus |
| 1.3.99.5 | phylogenetic analysis of SRD5alpha, overview. SRD5alpha subfamilies include, not only the well-known SRD5alpha type 1, type 2 and type 3, but also the synaptic glycoprotein (GPSN2)/trans-2,3-enoly-CoA reductase group | Mus musculus |
| 1.3.99.5 | phylogenetic analysis of SRD5alpha, overview. SRD5alpha subfamilies include, not only the well-known SRD5alpha type 1, type 2 and type 3, but also the synaptic glycoprotein (GPSN2)/trans-2,3-enoly-CoA reductase group | Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.3.99.5 | phylogenetic analysis of SRD5alpha, overview. SRD5alpha subfamilies include, not only the well-known SRD5alpha type 1, type 2 and type 3, but also the synaptic glycoprotein (GPSN2)/trans-2,3-enoly-CoA reductase group | Danio rerio |
| 1.3.99.5 | phylogenetic analysis of SRD5alpha, overview. SRD5alpha subfamilies include, not only the well-known SRD5alpha type 1, type 2 and type 3, but also the synaptic glycoprotein (GPSN2)/trans-2,3-enoly-CoA reductase group | Xenopus tropicalis |
| 1.3.99.5 | phylogenetic analysis of SRD5alpha, overview. SRD5alpha subfamilies include, not only the well-known SRD5alpha type 1, type 2 and type 3, but also the synaptic glycoprotein (GPSN2)/trans-2,3-enoly-CoA reductase group. SRD5alpha1 is located on chromosome 5p15 whereas SRD5alpha2 is located on 2p22, and SRD5alpha3 is located at 4q12 | Canis lupus familiaris |
| 1.3.99.5 | phylogenetic analysis of SRD5alpha, overview. SRD5alpha subfamilies include, not only the well-known SRD5alpha type 1, type 2 and type 3, but also the synaptic glycoprotein (GPSN2)/trans-2,3-enoly-CoA reductase group. SRD5alpha1 is located on chromosome 5p15 whereas SRD5alpha2 is located on 2p22, and SRD5alpha3 is located at 4q12 | Homo sapiens |
Inhibitors
| EC Number | Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.5 | catechin | from green tea, Camellia sinensis, is specific for SRD5alpha1 inhibition | Homo sapiens |  |
| 1.3.99.5 | dutasteride | - |
Canis lupus familiaris | |
| 1.3.99.5 | dutasteride | - |
Danio rerio | |
| 1.3.99.5 | dutasteride | - |
Gallus gallus | |
| 1.3.99.5 | dutasteride | SRD5alpha2 and SRD5alpha1 both respond similarly to dutasteride | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.3.99.5 | dutasteride | - |
Mus musculus | |
| 1.3.99.5 | dutasteride | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.3.99.5 | dutasteride | - |
Xenopus tropicalis | |
| 1.3.99.5 | finasteride | SRD5alpha2 is more sensitive to finasteride than SRD5alpha1 | Canis lupus familiaris | |
| 1.3.99.5 | finasteride | - |
Danio rerio | |
| 1.3.99.5 | finasteride | - |
Gallus gallus | |
| 1.3.99.5 | finasteride | SRD5alpha2 is more sensitive to finasteride than SRD5alpha1 | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.3.99.5 | finasteride | - |
Mus musculus | |
| 1.3.99.5 | finasteride | both SRD5alpha subtypes 1 and 2 are inhibited | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.3.99.5 | finasteride | - |
Xenopus tropicalis | |
| 1.3.99.5 | gamma-linolenic acid | a natural product found in oil of evening primrose, Oenothera biennis, oil and borage, Borago officinalis, inhibits SRD5alpha1 and SRD5alpha2 | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.3.99.5 | additional information | 4-aza-3-oxo-1-ene compounds are the major class of synthetic SRD5alpha inhibitors, they require a structure similar to 3-oxo-4-ene with a secondary 17beta-substituent to successfully bind to the SRD5alpha-NADPH or SRD5alpha-NADP+ complexes | Canis lupus familiaris | |
| 1.3.99.5 | additional information | 4-aza-3-oxo-1-ene compounds are the major class of synthetic SRD5alpha inhibitors, they require a structure similar to 3-oxo-4-ene with a secondary 17beta-substituent to successfully bind to the SRD5alpha-NADPH or SRD5alpha-NADP+ complexes | Danio rerio | |
| 1.3.99.5 | additional information | 4-aza-3-oxo-1-ene compounds are the major class of synthetic SRD5alpha inhibitors, they require a structure similar to 3-oxo-4-ene with a secondary 17beta-substituent to successfully bind to the SRD5alpha-NADPH or SRD5alpha-NADP+ complexes | Gallus gallus | |
| 1.3.99.5 | additional information | 4-aza-3-oxo-1-ene compounds are the major class of synthetic SRD5alpha inhibitors, they require a structure similar to 3-oxo-4-ene with a secondary 17beta-substituent to successfully bind to the SRD5alpha-NADPH or SRD5alpha-NADP+ complexes | Homo sapiens | |
| 1.3.99.5 | additional information | 4-aza-3-oxo-1-ene compounds are the major class of synthetic SRD5alpha inhibitors, they require a structure similar to 3-oxo-4-ene with a secondary 17beta-substituent to successfully bind to the SRD5alpha-NADPH or SRD5alpha-NADP+ complexes | Mus musculus | |
| 1.3.99.5 | additional information | 4-aza-3-oxo-1-ene compounds are the major class of synthetic SRD5alpha inhibitors, they require a structure similar to 3-oxo-4-ene with a secondary 17beta-substituent to successfully bind to the SRD5alpha-NADPH or SRD5alpha-NADP+ complexes | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.3.99.5 | additional information | 4-aza-3-oxo-1-ene compounds are the major class of synthetic SRD5alpha inhibitors, they require a structure similar to 3-oxo-4-ene with a secondary 17beta-substituent to successfully bind to the SRD5alpha-NADPH or SRD5alpha-NADP+ complexes | Xenopus tropicalis |
KM Value [mM]
| EC Number | KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.5 | additional information | - |
additional information | under optimal conditions, SRD5alpha2 has a higher Vm/Km and a 1000fold greater affinity for steroid substrates than SRD5alpha1 | Homo sapiens |
Organism
| EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.5 | Canis lupus familiaris | - |
isozymes SRD5alpha1, SRD5alpha2, and SRD5alpha3 | - |
| 1.3.99.5 | Danio rerio | - |
isozymes SRD5alpha1, SRD5alpha2, and SRD5alpha3 | - |
| 1.3.99.5 | Gallus gallus | - |
isozymes SRD5alpha1, SRD5alpha2, and SRD5alpha3 | - |
| 1.3.99.5 | Homo sapiens | P31213 | gene SRD5A2; isozymes SRD5alpha1, SRD5alpha2, and SRD5alpha3 | - |
| 1.3.99.5 | Mus musculus | - |
isozymes SRD5alpha1, SRD5alpha2, and SRD5alpha3 | - |
| 1.3.99.5 | Rattus norvegicus | - |
isozymes SRD5alpha1, SRD5alpha2, and SRD5alpha3 | - |
| 1.3.99.5 | Xenopus tropicalis | - |
isozymes SRD5alpha1, SRD5alpha2, and SRD5alpha3 | - |
Source Tissue
| EC Number | Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.5 | embryo | SRD5alpha3 occurs in whole embryo and larvae bodies | Xenopus tropicalis | - |
| 1.3.99.5 | larva | SRD5alpha3 occurs in whole embryo and larvae bodies | Xenopus tropicalis | - |
| 1.3.99.5 | prostate | SRD5alpha2 is mainly associated with androgen target tissues, e.g. prostate | Homo sapiens | - |
| 1.3.99.5 | skin | SRD5alpha1 is mostly high in none androgen target tissues, e.g. skin | Homo sapiens | - |
Synonyms
| EC Number | Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.5 | SRD5alpha | - |
Gallus gallus |
| 1.3.99.5 | SRD5alpha | - |
Mus musculus |
| 1.3.99.5 | SRD5alpha | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.3.99.5 | SRD5alpha | - |
Danio rerio |
| 1.3.99.5 | SRD5alpha | - |
Xenopus tropicalis |
| 1.3.99.5 | SRD5alpha | SRD5alpha enzymes form the oxidoreductase superfamily | Canis lupus familiaris |
| 1.3.99.5 | SRD5alpha | SRD5alpha enzymes form the oxidoreductase superfamily | Homo sapiens |
| 1.3.99.5 | steroid-5alpha-reductase | - |
Gallus gallus |
| 1.3.99.5 | steroid-5alpha-reductase | - |
Mus musculus |
| 1.3.99.5 | steroid-5alpha-reductase | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.3.99.5 | steroid-5alpha-reductase | - |
Canis lupus familiaris |
| 1.3.99.5 | steroid-5alpha-reductase | - |
Danio rerio |
| 1.3.99.5 | steroid-5alpha-reductase | - |
Xenopus tropicalis |
| 1.3.99.5 | steroid-5alpha-reductase | - |
Homo sapiens |
pH Optimum
| EC Number | pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.5 | 5 | 5.5 | SRD5alpha2 has a sharp pH-optimum | Homo sapiens |
| 1.3.99.5 | 6 | 8.5 | SRD5alpha1 has a broad pH range | Homo sapiens |
| 1.3.99.5 | 6.9 | - |
SRD5alpha3 | Homo sapiens |
General Information
| EC Number | General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.5 | evolution | steroid-5alpha-reductases, SRD5alpha, and steroid-5beta-reductase, SRD5beta, represent a convergence in evolution. Phylogenetic analysis of SRD5alpha reveals that SRD5alpha subfamilies include, not only the well-known SRD5alpha type 1, type 2 and type 3, but also the synaptic glycoprotein (GPSN2)/trans-2,3-enoly-CoA reductase group, overview. An eukaryotic ancestor likely underwent duplication events to generate these three subfamilies (type 1/2, type 3 and GPSN2 ancestors), both SRD5alpha type 1/2 and GPSN2 subfamilies may have evolved by ancient duplication events at the early stage of vertebrate and chordate evolution | Canis lupus familiaris |
| 1.3.99.5 | evolution | steroid-5alpha-reductases, SRD5alpha, and steroid-5beta-reductase, SRD5beta, represent a convergence in evolution. Phylogenetic analysis of SRD5alpha reveals that SRD5alpha subfamilies include, not only the well-known SRD5alpha type 1, type 2 and type 3, but also the synaptic glycoprotein (GPSN2)/trans-2,3-enoly-CoA reductase group, overview. An eukaryotic ancestor likely underwent duplication events to generate these three subfamilies (type 1/2, type 3 and GPSN2 ancestors), both SRD5alpha type 1/2 and GPSN2 subfamilies may have evolved by ancient duplication events at the early stage of vertebrate and chordate evolution | Homo sapiens |
| 1.3.99.5 | metabolism | in vertebrates, SRD5alpha and SRD5beta are involved in C-19 and C-21 steroid biosynthesis, bile acid biosynthesis and erythropoiesis | Canis lupus familiaris |
| 1.3.99.5 | metabolism | in vertebrates, SRD5alpha and SRD5beta are involved in C-19 and C-21 steroid biosynthesis, bile acid biosynthesis and erythropoiesis | Homo sapiens |
| 1.3.99.5 | additional information | comparison of evolution, tissue distribution, enzyme characteristics and biological functions of SRD5alpha and SRD5beta, overview | Canis lupus familiaris |
| 1.3.99.5 | additional information | comparison of evolution, tissue distribution, enzyme characteristics and biological functions of SRD5alpha and SRD5beta, overview | Homo sapiens |
| 1.3.99.5 | physiological function | human SRD5alpha deficiencies can lead to pseudohermaphroditism, prostate cancer, polycystic ovarian syndrome and hirsutism. SRD5alpha-deficient patients exhibiting male pseudohermaphrodite phenotype lack the SRD5alpha2 isoform, but exhibited SRD5alpha1 activity | Homo sapiens |
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