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Literature summary extracted from

  • Reyes-Sosa, F.M.; Molina-Heredia, F.P.; De la Rosa, M.A.
    A novel alpha-amylase from the cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. PCC 7119 (2010), Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 86, 131-141.
    View publication on PubMed

Activating Compound

EC Number Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
3.2.1.1 dithiothreitol stimulates the amylolytic activity of the Amy1 protein at concentrations as low as 0.2 mM when coincubated with thioredoxin A, but is unable to activate the Amy1 protein at concentrations lower than 5 mM, the Amy1 protein activity greatly increases in the presence of dithiothreitol with a maximum (3fold)-enhanced activity at 30 mM Anabaena sp.
3.2.1.1 thioredoxin A the Amy1 protein activity increases linearly with increasing thioredoxin A concentrations Anabaena sp.

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
3.2.1.1 expressed in Escherichia coli MC1061 cells Anabaena sp.

General Stability

EC Number General Stability Organism
3.2.1.1 the activity is almost negligible with acetate and phosphate buffers at any pH value, and higher in glycine-KOH buffer than in bis-Tris propane at pH from 9.0 to 10.5, the Amy1 protein shows a significant activity in MOPS and Tris-HCl buffers. At high concentration, the protein keeps its enzymatic activity for several days Anabaena sp.

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
3.2.1.1 alpha-cyclodextrin the addition of alpha-cyclodextrin (0.1% w/v) induces a very weak inhibition of the Amy1 protein activity against soluble starch Anabaena sp.
3.2.1.1 ammonium sulfate non-competitive inhibitor at concentrations higher than 20 mM Anabaena sp.
3.2.1.1 beta-cyclodextrin the addition of beta-cyclodextrin (0.1% w/v) induces a very weak inhibition of the Amy1 protein activity against soluble starch Anabaena sp.
3.2.1.1 dithiothreitol inhibits the enzyme activity at concentrations higher than 80 mM Anabaena sp.
3.2.1.1 gamma-cyclodextrin the addition of gamma-cyclodextrin (0.1% w/v) induces a very weak inhibition of the Amy1 protein activity against soluble starch Anabaena sp.
3.2.1.1 maltose non-competitive inhibitor at concentrations higher than 20 mM Anabaena sp.
3.2.1.1 additional information beta-mercaptoethanol, mannitol, glycerol, polyethylene glycol, and Triton X-100 do not have any significant effect even at high concentration Anabaena sp.
3.2.1.1 SDS non-reversible inactivation Anabaena sp.

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
3.2.1.1 additional information
-
 additional information Km is 11.0 mg/ml, using soluble potato starch as substrate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C Anabaena sp.

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
3.2.1.1 cytoplasm
-
 Anabaena sp. 5737
-

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
3.2.1.1 Ca2+ calcium-dependent alpha-amylase, maximum activity at 2.5 mM CaCl2 Anabaena sp.
3.2.1.1 additional information Li+, Na+, K+, Co2+, Cu2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, and Fe3+ have no stimulatory effect on activity Anabaena sp.

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
3.2.1.1 56000
-
 SDS-PAGE Anabaena sp.
3.2.1.1 56700
-
 1 * 56700, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry Anabaena sp.

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
3.2.1.1 4-nitrophenyl maltoheptaoside + H2O Anabaena sp.
-
 4-nitrophenol + maltoheptaoside
-
 ?
3.2.1.1 dextrin + H2O Anabaena sp.
-
 ?
-
 ?
3.2.1.1 additional information Anabaena sp. high-molecular-mass compounds containing alpha-1,4 linkages are the best substrates for the enzyme. After 5 min reaction, no hydrolytic activity can be detected using maltose, xylan, pullulan or alpha-, beta- and gamma-cyclodextrins as substrates ?
-
 ?
3.2.1.1 oyster glycogen + H2O Anabaena sp.
-
 ?
-
 ?
3.2.1.1 rabbit glycogen + H2O Anabaena sp.
-
 ?
-
 ?
3.2.1.1 soluble potato starch + H2O Anabaena sp.
-
 maltotriose + maltose + maltotetraose major products of the enzymatic reaction with starch as substrate ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
3.2.1.1 Anabaena sp. B1VK33
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
3.2.1.1 Sephadex G10 matrix gel filtration Anabaena sp.

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
3.2.1.1 0.000575
-
 crude extract, at 30°C in 10 mM MOPS buffer (pH 7.0) with 5 mM CaCl2, using 4-nitrophenyl maltoheptaoside as substrate Anabaena sp.
3.2.1.1 0.54
-
 after 939fold purification, at 30°C in 10 mM MOPS buffer (pH 7.0) with 5 mM CaCl2, using 4-nitrophenyl maltoheptaoside as substrate Anabaena sp.

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
3.2.1.1 4-nitrophenyl maltoheptaoside + H2O
-
 Anabaena sp. 4-nitrophenol + maltoheptaoside
-
 ?
3.2.1.1 dextrin + H2O
-
 Anabaena sp. ?
-
 ?
3.2.1.1 additional information high-molecular-mass compounds containing alpha-1,4 linkages are the best substrates for the enzyme. After 5 min reaction, no hydrolytic activity can be detected using maltose, xylan, pullulan or alpha-, beta- and gamma-cyclodextrins as substrates Anabaena sp. ?
-
 ?
3.2.1.1 oyster glycogen + H2O
-
 Anabaena sp. ?
-
 ?
3.2.1.1 rabbit glycogen + H2O
-
 Anabaena sp. ?
-
 ?
3.2.1.1 soluble potato starch + H2O
-
 Anabaena sp. maltotriose + maltose + maltotetraose major products of the enzymatic reaction with starch as substrate ?

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
3.2.1.1 monomer 1 * 56700, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry Anabaena sp.

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
3.2.1.1 AMY1
-
 Anabaena sp.

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
3.2.1.1 31
-
-
 Anabaena sp.

Temperature Stability [°C]

EC Number Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
3.2.1.1 4 47 the enzyme is relatively stable at 4°C for at least 4 h but is gradually inactivated at high temperatures, at 47°C the activity level remaining after 200 min is 25% Anabaena sp.

Turnover Number [1/s]

EC Number Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
3.2.1.1 750
-
 oyster glycogen at 30°C in 10 mM MOPS buffer (pH 7.0) with 5 mM CaCl2 Anabaena sp.
3.2.1.1 1920
-
 rabbit glycogen at 30°C in 10 mM MOPS buffer (pH 7.0) with 5 mM CaCl2 Anabaena sp.
3.2.1.1 1940
-
 Dextrin at 30°C in 10 mM MOPS buffer (pH 7.0) with 5 mM CaCl2 Anabaena sp.
3.2.1.1 3420
-
 soluble potato starch at 30°C in 10 mM MOPS buffer (pH 7.0) with 5 mM CaCl2 Anabaena sp.

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
3.2.1.1 6.5 7.5
-
 Anabaena sp.

pH Range

EC Number pH Minimum pH Maximum Comment Organism
3.2.1.1 5.5 10.5
-
 Anabaena sp.

pI Value

EC Number Organism Comment pI Value Maximum pI Value
3.2.1.1 Anabaena sp. isoelectric focusing
-
 4.8
3.2.1.1 Anabaena sp. calculated from amino acid sequence
-
 5.3

kcat/KM [mM/s]

EC Number kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
3.2.1.1 additional information
-
 additional information kcat/Km is 311 s-1*mg-1*ml, using soluble potato starch as substrate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C Anabaena sp.