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Literature summary extracted from

  • Allan, W.L.; Clark, S.M.; Hoover, G.J.; Shelp, B.J.
    Role of plant glyoxylate reductases during stress: a hypothesis (2009), Biochem. J., 423, 15-22.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
1.1.1.26 additional information complementation of SSADH-deficient yeast with Arabidopsis thaliana GLYR1, the yeast then grows on 20 mM GABA as the sole nitrogen source and contains elevated levels of 4-hydroxybutyrate Arabidopsis thaliana

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.79 NADP+ NADP+ is a competitive inhibitor with respect to NADPH Arabidopsis thaliana

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
1.1.1.26 chloroplast isozyme GLYR2 Arabidopsis thaliana 9507
-
1.1.1.26 cytosol isozyme GLYR1 Arabidopsis thaliana 5829
-
1.1.1.79 cytosol isoform GLYR1 Arabidopsis thaliana 5829
-
1.1.1.79 plastid isoform GLYR2 Arabidopsis thaliana 9536
-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.1.1.26 glyoxylate + NADPH + H+ Arabidopsis thaliana
-
 glycolate + NADP+
-
 ir
1.1.1.26 additional information Arabidopsis thaliana both cytosolic GLYR1 and plastidial GLYR2 catalyse the essentially irreversible, NADPH-based conversion of glyoxylate into glycolate, and can be regulated by the NADPH/NADP ratio ?
-
 ?
1.1.1.26 succinic semialdehyde + NADPH + H+ Arabidopsis thaliana succinic semialdehyde-dependent GLYR activity potentially occurs in planta, despite the fact that glyoxylate is the preferred substrate in vitro 4-hydroxybutyrate + NADP+
-
 ir

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.1.1.26 Arabidopsis thaliana
-
 NADPH-dependent cytosolic termed GLYR1, and plastidial termed GLYR2 isoforms of succinic semialdehyde/glyoxylate reductase
-
1.1.1.79 Arabidopsis thaliana
-
-
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.1.1.26 leaf
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
-
1.1.1.26 additional information GLYR activity is found at all developmental stages and in all tissues, and activity is generally higher in vegetative and reproductive organs than in roots Arabidopsis thaliana
-
1.1.1.26 root
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.1.1.26 glyoxylate + NADPH + H+
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana glycolate + NADP+
-
 ir
1.1.1.26 glyoxylate + NADPH + H+ preferred substrate Arabidopsis thaliana glycolate + NADP+
-
 ir
1.1.1.26 additional information both cytosolic GLYR1 and plastidial GLYR2 catalyse the essentially irreversible, NADPH-based conversion of glyoxylate into glycolate, and can be regulated by the NADPH/NADP ratio Arabidopsis thaliana ?
-
 ?
1.1.1.26 succinic semialdehyde + NADPH + H+ succinic semialdehyde-dependent GLYR activity potentially occurs in planta, despite the fact that glyoxylate is the preferred substrate in vitro Arabidopsis thaliana 4-hydroxybutyrate + NADP+
-
 ir
1.1.1.79 glyoxylate + NADPH + H+ the affinity for glyoxylate is 10fold lower for isoform GLYR2 than that for isoform GLYR1 Arabidopsis thaliana glycolate + NADP+
-
 ir
1.1.1.79 succinic semialdehyde + NADPH + H+ the affinity for succinic semialdehyde is 10fold lower for isoform GLYR2 than that for isoform GLYR1 Arabidopsis thaliana 4-hydroxybutyrate + NADP+
-
 ir

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
1.1.1.26 More GLYR1 structure, molecular modelling, overview Arabidopsis thaliana

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.1.1.26 GLYR1
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.1.1.26 GLYR2
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.1.1.26 succinic semialdehyde/glyoxylate reductase
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.1.1.79 GLYR1 isoform Arabidopsis thaliana
1.1.1.79 GLYR2 isoform Arabidopsis thaliana

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.26 NADP+
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.1.1.26 NADPH
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.1.1.79 NADPH
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana

Expression

EC Number Organism Comment Expression
1.1.1.26 Arabidopsis thaliana GLYR isozyme transcript levels increase under various stresses, such as cold and heat up

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.1.1.26 metabolism the enzyme is involved in the glycolate metabolism, as well as the 4-hydroxybutyrate production and the GABA shunt pathway, overview Arabidopsis thaliana
1.1.1.26 physiological function succinic semialdehyde and glyoxylate are typically generated in leaves via two distinct metabolic pathways, 4-aminobutyrate and glycolate respectively. GLYR isozymes function in the detoxification of both aldehydes during stress and contribute to redox balance, overview Arabidopsis thaliana