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Literature summary extracted from

  • Wan, X.; Chai, B.; Liao, Y.; Su, Y.; Ye, T.; Shen, P.; Chen, X.
    Molecular and biochemical characterization of a distinct tyrosinase involved in melanin production from Aeromonas media (2009), Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 82, 261-269.
    View publication on PubMed

Activating Compound

EC Number Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
1.14.18.1 SDS effectively activates the enzyme activity at 0.1 mM Aeromonas media
1.14.18.1 Triton X-100 effectively activates the enzyme activity at 0.5 mM Aeromonas media

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.14.18.1 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells Aeromonas media

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
1.14.18.1 arbutin exhibits little inhibitory effect on TyrA with 25.6% inhibition at 10 mM Aeromonas media
1.14.18.1 EDTA highly effective inhibitor, complete inhibition at 1 mM Aeromonas media
1.14.18.1 glutathione highly effective inhibitor, complete inhibition at 0.5 mM Aeromonas media
1.14.18.1 NaCl 46.5% inhibition at 0.4 M Aeromonas media
1.14.18.1 Phenylthiourea 72.2% inhibition at 0.34 mM Aeromonas media
1.14.18.1 tropolone highly effective inhibitor, 94% inhibition at 10 mM Aeromonas media

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
1.14.18.1 0.64
-
 L-Dopa endogenous enzyme, in 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.0), at 30°C Aeromonas media
1.14.18.1 1.16
-
 L-Dopa recombinant enzyme, in 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.0), at 30°C Aeromonas media

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 58000
-
 SDS-PAGE Aeromonas media

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.14.18.1 Aeromonas media B2Z3P7
-
-
1.14.18.1 Aeromonas media WS B2Z3P7
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
1.14.18.1 DEAE-cellulose column chromatography Aeromonas media

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 4
-
 enzyme from cell lysate, at 30°C Aeromonas media
1.14.18.1 34
-
 purified enzyme, at 30°C Aeromonas media

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.14.18.1 L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2 TyrA has a relatively higher affinity to L-DOPA than many other tyrosinases, the monophenol oxidase activity of this enzyme is undetectable when the concentration of L-dopa was lower than 0.01 mM, while the maximum monophenol oxidase activity is detected with 0.05 mM L-DOPA as cosubstrate Aeromonas media L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2 TyrA has a relatively higher affinity to L-DOPA than many other tyrosinases, the monophenol oxidase activity of this enzyme is undetectable when the concentration of L-dopa was lower than 0.01 mM, while the maximum monophenol oxidase activity is detected with 0.05 mM L-DOPA as cosubstrate Aeromonas media WS L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 monophenol, o-diphenol: oxygen oxidoreductase
-
 Aeromonas media
1.14.18.1 tyrA has both monophenol oxidase and diphenol oxidase activity Aeromonas media
1.14.18.1 tyrosinase
-
 Aeromonas media

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 50
-
 endogenous enzyme Aeromonas media
1.14.18.1 70
-
 recombinant enzyme Aeromonas media

Temperature Stability [°C]

EC Number Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 30 70 endogenous TyrA is stable up to 50°C, but at higher temperatures, it starts to lose activity rapidly, shows half-life times of 30 days, 3 days, 2 days, 5 min, and 1 min at 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, and 70°C, respectively. The activity of the recombinant enzyme declines rapidly as the temperature increases to above 40°C. Aeromonas media

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 8
-
 the optimum pH for monophenol oxidase activity of endogenous and recombinant TyrA is determined to be pH 8.0 Aeromonas media
1.14.18.1 11
-
 the optimum pH for diphenol oxidase activity of endogenous TyrA is determined to be pH 11.0 and pH 8.0 for recombinant TyrA Aeromonas media

pH Range

EC Number pH Minimum pH Maximum Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 4 10 TyrA retains more than 90% of its activity after incubation at 4°C for 24 h in a pH range of 4.0-10.0 Aeromonas media

pH Stability

EC Number pH Stability pH Stability Maximum Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 8 11 TyrA exhibits optimal monophenol and diphenol oxidase activities under basic conditions (pH above 8.0), when the pH is higher than 10.0 the enzyme starts to lose its activity quickly, it loses nearly 50% of activity after 12 h at pH 11.0. Within the pH range of 4.0-10.0, unlike the endogenous enzyme, the recombinant enzyme shows good stability from neutral to moderately alkaline pH, while it is unstable at acidic conditions. Aeromonas media

pI Value

EC Number Organism Comment pI Value Maximum pI Value
1.14.18.1 Aeromonas media isoelectric focusing
-
 4.9

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 physiological function key enzyme involved in melanin formation Aeromonas media