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Literature summary extracted from

  • Anthony, J.R.; Anthony, L.C.; Nowroozi, F.; Kwon, G.; Newman, J.D.; Keasling, J.D.
    Optimization of the mevalonate-based isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway in Escherichia coli for production of the anti-malarial drug precursor amorpha-4,11-diene (2008), Metab. Eng., 11, 13-19.
    View publication on PubMed

Application

EC Number Application Comment Organism
2.7.1.36 synthesis production of amorpha-4,11-diene by an engineered strain of Escherichia coli containing codon-optimized MevT and amorphadiene synthase operons, and additional copies of mevalonate kinase and amorphadiene synthase genes, which could be identified as rate-limiting enzymes Escherichia coli
4.2.3.24 drug development amorpha-4,11-diene is an anti-malarial drug precursor Artemisia annua

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
2.7.1.36 expression in Escherichia coli Escherichia coli
4.2.3.24 Escherichia coli DH10B is used for cloning and strain DH1 is used for expression, developing and optimizing of a simple cloning system for expression of the amorphadiene biosynthetic pathway. The pathway genes are originally constructed by assembly of the operons onto three different plasmids, each with a different copy number and Escherichia coli promoter. Escherichia coli DH1 harboring pAM45MevT and pADS exhibits a significant increase in amorphadiene production (21 mg/l at 75 h), which is 3fold higher than the original base-strain DH1 pMevTpMBISpADS. To increase ADS expression, transforming of DH1pAM92 with pADS is done, resulting in a combined ADS gene dosage of 30-45 copies/cell. The strain exhibits an increase in amorphadiene production over DH1pAM92, but still does not approach the peak titers obtained with DH1pAM45pADS Artemisia annua

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
4.2.3.24 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate Artemisia annua
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 amorpha-4,11-diene + diphosphate
-
 ?
4.2.3.24 additional information Artemisia annua ADS is one of the two rate-limiting enzymes in the amorphadiene biosynthetic pathway ?
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
2.7.1.36 Escherichia coli
-
-
-
4.2.3.24 Artemisia annua
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 Escherichia coli strain contains plasmid-borne copies of the mevalonate pathway from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as well as the amorphadiene synthase(ADS) gene from Artemisia annua
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Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
4.2.3.24 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate
-
 Artemisia annua amorpha-4,11-diene + diphosphate
-
 ?
4.2.3.24 additional information ADS is one of the two rate-limiting enzymes in the amorphadiene biosynthetic pathway Artemisia annua ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
4.2.3.24 ADS
-
 Artemisia annua
4.2.3.24 amorphadiene synthase
-
 Artemisia annua