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Literature summary extracted from

  • Schmitz, G.E.; Sullivan, M.L.; Hatfield, R.D.
    Three polyphenol oxidases from red clover (Trifolium pratense) differ in enzymatic activities and activation properties (2008), J. Agric. Food Chem., 56, 272-280.
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.14.18.1 the cDNAs encoding three red clover PPOs are expressed individually in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Trifolium pratense
1.14.18.1 the cDNAs encoding three Trifolium pratensePPOs are expressed individually in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Trifolium pratense

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 additional information
-
 several minor bands (50, 37, and 35 kDa) are observed in PPO2-expressed in alfalfa Trifolium pratense
1.14.18.1 44000 47000 two protein bands (approximately 44-47 kDa) appear in transgenic alfalfa expressing PPO3 Trifolium pratense
1.14.18.1 45000
-
 by 1-2 days of incubation, an additional protein band of approximately 45 kDa becomes visible in extracts of red clover and transgenic alfalfa expressing PPO1 or PPO2 Trifolium pratense
1.14.18.1 65000
-
 PPOs expressed in transgenic alfalfa and Trifolium pratense Trifolium pratense

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.14.18.1 Trifolium pratense Q84YH9 PPO3, polyphenol oxidase (EC 1.10.3.1) (EC 1.14.18.1)
-
1.14.18.1 Trifolium pratense Q84YI0 PPO2, polyphenol oxidase (EC 1.10.3.1) (EC 1.14.18.1)
-
1.14.18.1 Trifolium pratense Q84YI1 PPO1
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 0.0204
-
 values shown are normalized to the specific activity (in nmol/s mg) of each PPO for caffeic acid (LtPPO2: 0.34) Trifolium pratense
1.14.18.1 0.09
-
 values shown are normalized to the specific activity of each PPO for caffeic acid (LtPPO3: 1.5 nmol/s mg) Trifolium pratense
1.14.18.1 0.216
-
 values shown are normalized to the specific activity of each PPO for caffeic acid (LtPPO1: 3.6 nmol/s mg) Trifolium pratense
1.14.18.1 0.348
-
 values shown are normalized to the specific activity (in nmol/s mg) of each PPO for caffeic acid (AcPPO2: 5.8) Trifolium pratense
1.14.18.1 4.08
-
 values shown are normalized to the specific activity (in nmol/s mg) of each PPO for caffeic acid (AcPPO3, 68 nmol/s mg) Trifolium pratense
1.14.18.1 5.94
-
 values shown are normalized to the specific activity (in nmol/s mg) of each PPO for caffeic acid (AcPPO1: 99 nmol/s mg) Trifolium pratense

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.14.18.1 (+)-catechin + 1/2 O2
-
 Trifolium pratense ?
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 (-)-epicatechin + 1/2 O2
-
 Trifolium pratense ?
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
-
 Trifolium pratense caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 catechol + 1/2 O2
-
 Trifolium pratense 1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 chlorogenic acid + 1/2 O2
-
 Trifolium pratense chlorogenoquinone + H2O
-
 ?
1.14.18.1 dopamine + 1/2 O2
-
 Trifolium pratense dopaminequinone + H2O
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 polyphenol oxidase
-
 Trifolium pratense
1.14.18.1 PPO
-
 Trifolium pratense
1.14.18.1 PPO1
-
 Trifolium pratense
1.14.18.1 PPO2
-
 Trifolium pratense
1.14.18.1 PPO3
-
 Trifolium pratense

Temperature Stability [°C]

EC Number Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 additional information
-
 PPO1 appears to be more stable at high temperatures than PPO2 or PPO3 Trifolium pratense

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 5.1
-
 for PPO3, activation of the PPOs shifts the pH optima to 7 Trifolium pratense
1.14.18.1 5.5
-
 for PPO1, activation of the PPOs shifts the pH optima to 7 Trifolium pratense
1.14.18.1 6.9
-
 for PPO2, activation of the PPOs shifts the pH optima to 7 Trifolium pratense