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Literature summary extracted from

  • Tanaka, M.; Okudaira, S.; Kishi, Y.; Ohkawa, R.; Iseki, S.; Ota, M.; Noji, S.; Yatomi, Y.; Aoki, J.; Arai, H.
    Autotaxin stabilizes blood vessels and is required for embryonic vasculature by producing lysophosphatidic acid (2006), J. Biol. Chem., 281, 25822-25830.
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
3.1.4.39 atx-/-, atx+/-, and atx+/+ uncover the physiological role of ATX and to identify the endogenous product of ATX, ATX gene is targeted with an ATXgene-targeting vector. Plasma lysoPLD activity, plasma lysophosphatidic acid concentrations and plasma ATX protein level in atx+/-mice are about half the values found in atx+/+ mice. Embryos, early blood vessels appear to form properly, but fail to develop into mature vessels. ATX-null mice are lethal around embryonic day 10.5. Despite the reduced LPA level, heterozygous mice appear phenotypically normal. Viability and fecundity are similar to those in wild-type mice. Morphologies of atx+/+ and atx-/-embryo proper at E8.5, E9.5, and E10.5. Defects in vascular remodeling in atx-/-embryos shown. ATX and LPA stabilize preformed vessels and prevent endothelial disassembly in allantois explants Mus musculus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
3.1.4.39 lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O Mus musculus
-
 lysophosphatidic acid + choline lysophosphatidic acid is a bioactive lysophospholipid present in circulating blood ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
3.1.4.39 Mus musculus
-
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
3.1.4.39 two recombinant mouse ATX proteins (wild-type ATX and catalytically inactive T209A mutant ATX) with a His tag at the N-terminus are expressed and purified using a baculovirus system and nickel column chromatography Mus musculus

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
3.1.4.39 blood present in circulating blood. ATX is responsible for bulk lysophosphatidic acid production in plasma. Stabilizes blood vessels and is required for embryonic vasculature by producing lysophosphatidic acid Mus musculus
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
3.1.4.39 additional information
-
 To deplete ATX from mouse serum, mouse serum is incubated with the 5E5-Sepharose 4B for 2 h at 4°C, and the resulting supernatant is used for measuring lysoPLD activity and lysophosphatidic acid production. Lysophospholipase D activity of plasma and amniotic fluids isolated from atx+/+ and atx+/-adult mice or atx+/+ and atx+/-embryos at different stages of development measured with immunohistochemistry. LysoPLD activity is determined by liberation of choline from lysophosphatidylcholine using myristyl-lysophosphatidylcholine as a substrate Mus musculus

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
3.1.4.39 lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O
-
 Mus musculus lysophosphatidic acid + choline lysophosphatidic acid is a bioactive lysophospholipid present in circulating blood ?
3.1.4.39 lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O
-
 Mus musculus lysophosphatidic acid + choline LPA, lysophosphatidic acid is a bioactive lysophospholipid present in circulating blood ?
3.1.4.39 sphingosylphosphorylcholine + H2O
-
 Mus musculus sphingosine 1-phosphate + choline bioactive lysophospholipid, in vitro ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
3.1.4.39 ATX
-
 Mus musculus
3.1.4.39 autotaxin
-
 Mus musculus
3.1.4.39 lysophospholipase D
-
 Mus musculus
3.1.4.39 lysoPLD
-
 Mus musculus

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
3.1.4.39 37
-
 assay at Mus musculus