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Literature summary extracted from

  • Ramakrishnan, B.; Qasba, P.K.
    Role of a single amino acid in the evolution of glycans of invertebrates and vertebrates (2007), J. Mol. Biol., 365, 570-576.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
2.4.1.38 Y285I site-directed mutagenesis, the mutation converts the betaGALT1 enzyme into an equally efficient beta4GalNAc-T1, EC 2.4.1.90 Homo sapiens
2.4.1.38 Y285L site-directed mutagenesis, the mutation converts the betaGALT1enzyme into an equally efficient beta4GalNAc-T1, EC 2.4.1.90 Homo sapiens
2.4.1.90 I285Y site-directed mutagenesis, the mutation converts the betaGALNAcT1 enzyme into an efficient beta4Gal-T1, the N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity is reduced by nearly 1000fold, while the galactosyltransferase activity is enhanced by 80fold Drosophila melanogaster
2.4.1.92 I285Y site-directed mutagenesis, mutation of the residue to the human analogue results in change of substrate specificity from a beta4GalNAc-T1 to a beta4Gal-T1 by reducing its N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity by nearly 1000fold, fold, while enhancing its galactosyltransferase activity by 80fold, overview Drosophila melanogaster
2.4.1.92 Y285I site-directed mutagenesis, mutation of the residue to the Drosophila melanogaster analogue results in change of substrate specificity from a beta4Gal-T1 to a beta4GalNAc-T1, overview Homo sapiens

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
2.4.1.90 alpha-lactalbumin inhibits the GalNAc transferase activity of the enzyme Drosophila melanogaster

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
2.4.1.38 Mn2+ required Homo sapiens
2.4.1.90 Mn2+ required Drosophila melanogaster

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
2.4.1.38 UDP-galactose + N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylglycopeptide Homo sapiens
-
 UDP + beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylglycopeptide
-
 ?
2.4.1.90 additional information Drosophila melanogaster the preexisting alpha-lactalbumin-binding site iss utilized during mammalian evolution to synthesize lactose in the mammary gland during lactation ?
-
 ?
2.4.1.90 UDP-galactose + N-acetylglucosamine Drosophila melanogaster
-
 UDP + N-acetyllactosamine
-
 ?
2.4.1.92 additional information Drosophila melanogaster during evolution, beta4Gal-T1 appears as a result of the single amino acid substitution of Tyr or Phe for Leu or Ile in the invertebrate beta4GalNAc-T1, overview ?
-
 ?
2.4.1.92 additional information Homo sapiens during evolution, beta4Gal-T1 appears as a result of the single amino acid substitution of Tyr or Phe for Leu or Ile in the invertebrate beta4GalNAc-T1, overview ?
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
2.4.1.38 Homo sapiens
-
-
-
2.4.1.90 Drosophila melanogaster
-
-
-
2.4.1.92 Drosophila melanogaster
-
-
-
2.4.1.92 Homo sapiens
-
-
-

Reaction

EC Number Reaction Comment Organism Reaction ID
2.4.1.92 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + O-(N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl)-(2->3)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide = UDP + O-2-(acetylamino)-2-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-O-[N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->3)]-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide residue 285 determines the donor substrate specificity of the enzyme, catalytic binding pocket structure, overview Drosophila melanogaster
a
2.4.1.92 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + O-(N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl)-(2->3)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide = UDP + O-2-(acetylamino)-2-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-O-[N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->3)]-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide residue 285 determines the donor substrate specificity of the enzyme, catalytic binding pocket structure, overview Homo sapiens
a

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2.4.1.38 UDP-galactose + N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylglycopeptide
-
 Homo sapiens UDP + beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylglycopeptide
-
 ?
2.4.1.38 UDP-galactose + N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylglycopeptide residue Y285 alone is responsible for determination of enzyme substrate specificity, overview, active site structure, overview Homo sapiens UDP + beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylglycopeptide
-
 ?
2.4.1.90 additional information the preexisting alpha-lactalbumin-binding site iss utilized during mammalian evolution to synthesize lactose in the mammary gland during lactation Drosophila melanogaster ?
-
 ?
2.4.1.90 UDP-galactose + N-acetylglucosamine
-
 Drosophila melanogaster UDP + N-acetyllactosamine
-
 ?
2.4.1.90 UDP-galactose + N-acetylglucosamine wild-type enzyme, residue I285 alone is responsible for determination of enzyme substrate specificity, overview, active site structure, overview Drosophila melanogaster UDP + N-acetyllactosamine
-
 ?
2.4.1.92 additional information during evolution, beta4Gal-T1 appears as a result of the single amino acid substitution of Tyr or Phe for Leu or Ile in the invertebrate beta4GalNAc-T1, overview Drosophila melanogaster ?
-
 ?
2.4.1.92 additional information during evolution, beta4Gal-T1 appears as a result of the single amino acid substitution of Tyr or Phe for Leu or Ile in the invertebrate beta4GalNAc-T1, overview Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?
2.4.1.92 additional information the wild-type Drosophila beta4GalNAc-T1 enzyme binds to the mammary gland-specific protein alpha-lactalbumin Drosophila melanogaster ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
2.4.1.38 beta1,4-galactosyltransferase-1
-
 Homo sapiens
2.4.1.38 betaGALT1
-
 Homo sapiens
2.4.1.38 GalT1
-
 Homo sapiens
2.4.1.38 More cf. EC 2.4.1.90 Homo sapiens
2.4.1.90 beta1,4-galactosyltransferase-1
-
 Drosophila melanogaster
2.4.1.90 betaGALT1
-
 Drosophila melanogaster
2.4.1.90 GalT1
-
 Drosophila melanogaster
2.4.1.90 More cf. EC 2.4.1.38 Drosophila melanogaster
2.4.1.92 beta1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
-
 Drosophila melanogaster
2.4.1.92 beta1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
-
 Homo sapiens
2.4.1.92 beta4GalNAc-T1
-
 Drosophila melanogaster
2.4.1.92 beta4GalNAc-T1
-
 Homo sapiens