Literature summary extracted from

Hwang, Y.C.; Sato, S.; Tsai, J.Y.; Yan, S.; Bakr, S.; Zhang, H.; Oates, P.J.; Ramasamy, R.
Aldose reductase activation is a key component of myocardial response to ischemia (2002), FASEB J., 16, 243-245.

Application

EC Number	Application	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.21	medicine	myocardial enzyme activity is increased during ischemia, partially due to activation by nitric oxide, enzyme inhibition increases glycolysis and glucose oxidation	Rattus norvegicus

Inhibitors

EC Number	Inhibitors	Comment	Organism	Structure
1.1.1.21	zopolrestat	inhibition of enzyme, increase in rates of glycolysis and glucose oxidation	Rattus norvegicus

KM Value [mM]

EC Number	KM Value [mM]	KM Value Maximum [mM]	Substrate	Comment	Organism	Structure
1.1.1.21	0.19	-	DL-glyceraldehyde	pH 6.2, 25°C, enzyme from ischemic heart	Rattus norvegicus
1.1.1.21	0.2	-	DL-glyceraldehyde	pH 6.2, 25°C, enzyme from normal heart	Rattus norvegicus
1.1.1.21	28.9	-	D-xylose	pH 6.2, 25°C, enzyme from normal heart	Rattus norvegicus
1.1.1.21	29	-	D-xylose	pH 6.2, 25°C, enzyme from ischemic heart	Rattus norvegicus

Organism

EC Number	Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
1.1.1.21	Rattus norvegicus	-	-	-

Source Tissue

EC Number	Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
1.1.1.21	heart	-	Rattus norvegicus	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number	Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
1.1.1.21	D-xylose + NADPH	-	Rattus norvegicus	?	-	?
1.1.1.21	DL-glyceraldehyde + NADPH	-	Rattus norvegicus	glycerol + NADP+	-	?

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)