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Literature summary extracted from

  • Hunt, J.; Massey, V.
    Purification and properties of milk xanthine dehydrogenase (1992), J. Biol. Chem., 267, 21479-21485.
    View publication on PubMed

Activating Compound

EC Number Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.4 4,4'-dithiodipyridine reverses conversion of dehydrogenase to oxidase form Bos taurus
1.17.1.4 DTT recovery from oxidase to dehydrogenase type Bos taurus

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.4 GSH 45% of the oxidase activity converted to dehydrogenase activity at 10 mM Bos taurus
1.17.1.4 GSSG 75% of the dehydrogenase activity converted to oxidase activity at 0.5 mM Bos taurus
1.17.1.4 NADH partial reduction of dehydrogenase activity under anaeroboic conditions, oxidase activity more slowly reduced Bos taurus

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.4 0.0003
-
 xanthine electron acceptor: NAD+ Bos taurus
1.17.1.4 0.0067
-
 NAD+ electron donor: xanthine Bos taurus
1.17.1.4 0.012
-
 xanthine electron acceptor: oxygen Bos taurus

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.4 Iron-sulfur-center 2 Fe2-S2-clusters Bos taurus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.17.1.4 xanthine + NAD+ + H2O Bos taurus xanthine dehydrogenase form has distinct xanthine/oxygen activity, 35-42% of electrons transferred to O2 to form O2- urate + NADH
-
 ?
1.17.1.4 xanthine + O2 + H2O Bos taurus xanthine oxidase form transfers 22% electrons to oxygen to form superoxide urate + O2- + 2 H+
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.17.1.4 Bos taurus
-
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
1.17.1.4 to homogeneity, presence of DTT required for purification of the dehydrogenase form Bos taurus

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.17.1.4 milk
-
 Bos taurus
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
1.17.1.4 0.16
-
 xanthine oxidase activity Bos taurus
1.17.1.4 1.56
-
 xanthine dehydrogenase activity Bos taurus

Storage Stability

EC Number Storage Stability Organism
1.17.1.4 -70°C, 0.1 M sodium diphosphate, 0.3 mM EDTA, pH 7.5, 1 mM salicylate, 2.5 mM DTT, 3 months Bos taurus

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.17.1.4 xanthine + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol + H2O
-
 Bos taurus urate + ?
-
 ?
1.17.1.4 xanthine + NAD+ + H2O xanthine dehydrogenase form has distinct xanthine/oxygen activity, 35-42% of electrons transferred to O2 to form O2- Bos taurus urate + NADH
-
 ?
1.17.1.4 xanthine + O2 + H2O xanthine oxidase form transfers 22% electrons to oxygen to form superoxide Bos taurus urate + O2- + 2 H+
-
 ?

Turnover Number [1/s]

EC Number Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.4 6.33
-
 xanthine electron acceptor: NAD+ Bos taurus
1.17.1.4 15
-
 xanthine electron acceptor: oxygen Bos taurus

pH Stability

EC Number pH Stability pH Stability Maximum Comment Organism
1.17.1.4 7.5
-
 stable at 4°C, one day, absence of DTT Bos taurus
1.17.1.4 8.5
-
 4°C, absence of DTT, marked decrease of activity within hours Bos taurus

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.4 FAD deflavo-enzyme completely loses xanthine/NAD+ activity, no loss of xanthine/2,6-dichorophenolindophenol activity, xanthine dehydrogenase form stabilizes the neutral form of flavin, xanthine oxidase form does not Bos taurus
1.17.1.4 additional information
-
 Bos taurus
1.17.1.4 NAD+
-
 Bos taurus