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Literature summary extracted from

  • Weissbach, A.
    Cellular and viral-induced eukaryotic polymerases (1981), The Enzymes,3rd Ed. (Boyer,P. D. ,ed. ), 14, 67-86.
No PubMed abstract available

Activating Compound

EC Number Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
2.7.7.7 DTT 3fold stimulation at 5 mM Herpes simplex virus
2.7.7.7 spermidine up to 10 mM, polymerase beta Homo sapiens

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
2.7.7.7 aphidicolin
-
 Bos taurus
2.7.7.7 aphidicolin
-
 Gallus gallus
2.7.7.7 aphidicolin
-
 Herpes simplex virus
2.7.7.7 aphidicolin DNA polymerase alpha Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 aphidicolin
-
 Mammalia
2.7.7.7 aphidicolin
-
 Mus musculus
2.7.7.7 aphidicolin
-
 Vaccinia virus
2.7.7.7 ara-ATP
-
 Herpes simplex virus
2.7.7.7 ara-ATP
-
 Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 Ca2+ polymerase alpha Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 Dideoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphate
-
 Bos taurus
2.7.7.7 Dideoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphate
-
 Gallus gallus
2.7.7.7 Dideoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphate
-
 Herpes simplex virus
2.7.7.7 Dideoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphate
-
 Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 Dideoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphate
-
 Mammalia
2.7.7.7 Dideoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphate
-
 Mus musculus
2.7.7.7 Dideoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphate
-
 Vaccinia virus
2.7.7.7 diphosphate DNA polymerase beta Mammalia
2.7.7.7 iodoacetate DNA polymerase beta Mammalia
2.7.7.7 Li+ polymerase alpha Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 N-ethylmaleimide
-
 Bos taurus
2.7.7.7 N-ethylmaleimide polymerase gamma Gallus gallus
2.7.7.7 N-ethylmaleimide
-
 Herpes simplex virus
2.7.7.7 N-ethylmaleimide DNA polymerase Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 N-ethylmaleimide
-
 Mammalia
2.7.7.7 N-ethylmaleimide
-
 Mus musculus
2.7.7.7 N-ethylmaleimide
-
 Vaccinia virus
2.7.7.7 NaCl enzyme is inhibited 50% by 200 mM Vaccinia virus
2.7.7.7 phosphate DNA polymerase beta Mammalia
2.7.7.7 Phosphoformate
-
 Herpes simplex virus
2.7.7.7 Phosphonoacetate
-
 Herpes simplex virus
2.7.7.7 Phosphonoacetate
-
 Vaccinia virus
2.7.7.7 Salt concentrations above 50 mM inhibit: human KB cell polymerase alpha Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 Salt
-
 Vaccinia virus
2.7.7.7 Zn2+
-
 Herpes simplex virus

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
2.7.7.7 cytoplasm
-
 Homo sapiens 5737
-
2.7.7.7 cytoplasm
-
 Bos taurus 5737
-
2.7.7.7 nucleus DNA polymerase gamma Gallus gallus 5634
-
2.7.7.7 nucleus DNA polymerase gamma Homo sapiens 5634
-
2.7.7.7 nucleus DNA polymerase alpha Homo sapiens 5634
-
2.7.7.7 nucleus DNA polymerase beta Mammalia 5634
-

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
2.7.7.7 K+
-
 Mus musculus
2.7.7.7 K+
-
 Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 K+
-
 Bos taurus
2.7.7.7 K+
-
 Vaccinia virus
2.7.7.7 K+
-
 Herpes simplex virus
2.7.7.7 K+ optimal concentration: 0.22 mM, DNA polymerase gamma Gallus gallus
2.7.7.7 K+ 100-200 mM KCl, stimulates Novikoff hepatoma DNA polymerase beta 2fold Mammalia
2.7.7.7 Mg2+
-
 Mus musculus
2.7.7.7 Mg2+
-
 Bos taurus
2.7.7.7 Mg2+
-
 Vaccinia virus
2.7.7.7 Mg2+ stimulates at 5-10 mM, polymerase beta Mammalia
2.7.7.7 Mg2+ stimulates at 4-8 mM Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 Mg2+ stimulates at 3 mM Herpes simplex virus
2.7.7.7 Mg2+ stimulates at 12 mM, DNA polymerase gamma Gallus gallus
2.7.7.7 Mn2+
-
 Mus musculus
2.7.7.7 Mn2+
-
 Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 Mn2+
-
 Bos taurus
2.7.7.7 Mn2+
-
 Vaccinia virus
2.7.7.7 Mn2+
-
 Herpes simplex virus
2.7.7.7 Mn2+ optimal concentration: 1 mM, DNA polymerase beta Mammalia
2.7.7.7 Mn2+ stimulates at 0.5-0.6 mM, 5fold more effective than optimal Mg2+ concentration Gallus gallus
2.7.7.7 Mn2+ activates DNA polymerase beta Mammalia
2.7.7.7 Na+ 50 mM stimulates DNA polymerase beta 2fold Mammalia

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
2.7.7.7 31000
-
 DNA polymerase beta Mammalia
2.7.7.7 47000
-
 4 * 47000, heterotetramer, DNA polymerase gamma Gallus gallus
2.7.7.7 60000
-
 polymerase gamma, sedimentation experiments Rattus norvegicus
2.7.7.7 66000
-
 1 * 66000 + 1 * 76000, DNA polymerase alpha, SDS-PAGE Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 76000
-
 1 * 66000 + 1 * 76000, DNA polymerase alpha, SDS-PAGE Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 110000
-
 polymerase gamma, HeLa cell line Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 110000 150000
-
 Vaccinia virus
2.7.7.7 115000
-
-
 Vaccinia virus
2.7.7.7 120000
-
 polymerase gamma, lymphoblast Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 144000
-
 SDS-PAGE Herpes simplex virus
2.7.7.7 150000
-
 polymerase alpha, catalytic polypeptide Rattus norvegicus
2.7.7.7 150000
-
 polymerase alpha, catalytic polypeptide Bos taurus
2.7.7.7 180000
-
 DNA polymerase gamma, gel filtration and sedimentation experiments Gallus gallus
2.7.7.7 265000 280000 dimeric form, polymerase alpha Homo sapiens

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn Gallus gallus
-
 diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn Mammalia
-
 diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn Mus musculus
-
 diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn Vaccinia virus
-
 diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn Herpes simplex virus
-
 diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn Homo sapiens polymerase alpha: role in DNA replication diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn Rattus norvegicus polymerase alpha: role in DNA replication diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn Bos taurus polymerase alpha: role in DNA replication diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn Homo sapiens polymerase beta: role in DNA repair diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
2.7.7.7 Bos taurus
-
-
-
2.7.7.7 Gallus gallus
-
-
-
2.7.7.7 Herpes simplex virus
-
 HeLa cells infected with
-
2.7.7.7 Homo sapiens
-
 5 cellular DNA template-dependent DNA polymerases are encoded by distinct genes: polymerase alpha, i.e. pol I, polymerase beta, only in vertebrates, polymerase gamma, required for mitochondrial DNA replication but encoded in the nucleus, polymerase delta, enzymes in mammalian cell contain tightly associated 3'-5'-exonuclease activities, 2 forms: proliferating cell nuclear antigen-dependent and a proliferating cell nuclear antigen-independent, also called DNA polymerase delta II, now named DNA polymerase epsilon, polymerase epsilon, tightly associated 3'-5'-exonuclease activity, formerly named DNA polymerase delta II
-
2.7.7.7 Mammalia
-
-
-
2.7.7.7 Mus musculus
-
-
-
2.7.7.7 Rattus norvegicus
-
-
-
2.7.7.7 Vaccinia virus
-
 HeLa cells infected with
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
2.7.7.7
-
 Mammalia
2.7.7.7
-
 Vaccinia virus
2.7.7.7 calf Bos taurus
2.7.7.7 DNA polymerase alpha Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 DNA polymerase gamma Gallus gallus
2.7.7.7 from infected RC-37 cells Herpes simplex virus

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
2.7.7.7 embryo
-
 Gallus gallus
-
2.7.7.7 HeLa cell
-
 Homo sapiens
-
2.7.7.7 KB cell
-
 Homo sapiens
-
2.7.7.7 liver
-
 Rattus norvegicus
-
2.7.7.7 lymphoblast
-
 Homo sapiens
-
2.7.7.7 Novikoff hepatoma cell
-
 Rattus norvegicus
-
2.7.7.7 thymus
-
 Bos taurus
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
2.7.7.7 0.633
-
-
 Vaccinia virus
2.7.7.7 0.795
-
-
 Herpes simplex virus
2.7.7.7 0.968
-
 polymerase beta Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 3.43
-
 polymerase alpha Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 5.83
-
 polymerase gamma Gallus gallus

Storage Stability

EC Number Storage Stability Organism
2.7.7.7 -20°C or -70°C, 50 mM Tris-HCl, 1 mM EDTA, 50% glycerol, stable Herpes simplex virus
2.7.7.7 -20°C, stable for months Vaccinia virus
2.7.7.7 0°C, in concentrated form in the presence of sucrose and potassium phosphate, half-life: 1.5 months, human KB cell DNA polymerase alpha Homo sapiens

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn
-
 Gallus gallus diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn
-
 Mammalia diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn
-
 Mus musculus diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn
-
 Rattus norvegicus diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn
-
 Vaccinia virus diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn
-
 Herpes simplex virus diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn beta-polymerase can copy a synthetic ribohomopolymer such as (A)n*(dT)12 as well as the corresponding deoxyribohomopolymer (dA)n*(dT)12 or activated DNA, alpha-polymerase utilizes the deoxyribohomopolymer (dA)n*dT12-18 eight times better than (A)n*dT12 Gallus gallus diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn beta-polymerase can copy a synthetic ribohomopolymer such as (A)n*(dT)12 as well as the corresponding deoxyribohomopolymer (dA)n*(dT)12 or activated DNA, alpha-polymerase utilizes the deoxyribohomopolymer (dA)n*dT12-18 eight times better than (A)n*dT12 Mammalia diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn beta-polymerase can copy a synthetic ribohomopolymer such as (A)n*(dT)12 as well as the corresponding deoxyribohomopolymer (dA)n*(dT)12 or activated DNA, alpha-polymerase utilizes the deoxyribohomopolymer (dA)n*dT12-18 eight times better than (A)n*dT12 Mus musculus diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn beta-polymerase can copy a synthetic ribohomopolymer such as (A)n*(dT)12 as well as the corresponding deoxyribohomopolymer (dA)n*(dT)12 or activated DNA, alpha-polymerase utilizes the deoxyribohomopolymer (dA)n*dT12-18 eight times better than (A)n*dT12 Homo sapiens diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn beta-polymerase can copy a synthetic ribohomopolymer such as (A)n*(dT)12 as well as the corresponding deoxyribohomopolymer (dA)n*(dT)12 or activated DNA, alpha-polymerase utilizes the deoxyribohomopolymer (dA)n*dT12-18 eight times better than (A)n*dT12 Bos taurus diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn beta-polymerase can copy a synthetic ribohomopolymer such as (A)n*(dT)12 as well as the corresponding deoxyribohomopolymer (dA)n*(dT)12 or activated DNA, alpha-polymerase utilizes the deoxyribohomopolymer (dA)n*dT12-18 eight times better than (A)n*dT12 Vaccinia virus diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn beta-polymerase can copy a synthetic ribohomopolymer such as (A)n*(dT)12 as well as the corresponding deoxyribohomopolymer (dA)n*(dT)12 or activated DNA, alpha-polymerase utilizes the deoxyribohomopolymer (dA)n*dT12-18 eight times better than (A)n*dT12 Herpes simplex virus diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn polymerase alpha: role in DNA replication Homo sapiens diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn polymerase alpha: role in DNA replication Rattus norvegicus diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn polymerase alpha: role in DNA replication Bos taurus diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?
2.7.7.7 deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNAn polymerase beta: role in DNA repair Homo sapiens diphosphate + DNAn+1
-
 ?

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
2.7.7.7 dimer
-
 Mus musculus
2.7.7.7 dimer
-
 Bos taurus
2.7.7.7 dimer 1 * 66000 + 1 * 76000, DNA polymerase alpha, SDS-PAGE Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 tetramer 4 * 47000, heterotetramer, DNA polymerase gamma Gallus gallus

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
2.7.7.7 7.5 8.5 KB cell DNA polymerase alpha Homo sapiens
2.7.7.7 8 8.5
-
 Herpes simplex virus
2.7.7.7 8 9
-
 Vaccinia virus
2.7.7.7 8.5 9 DNA polymerase gamma Gallus gallus

pI Value

EC Number Organism Comment pI Value Maximum pI Value
2.7.7.7 Homo sapiens polymerase alpha
-
 5
2.7.7.7 Homo sapiens polymerase beta
-
 8.5