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Literature summary extracted from

  • Rohrmann, K.; Niemann, R.; Buddecke, E.
    Two N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases are involved in the biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate (1985), Eur. J. Biochem., 148, 463-469.
    View publication on PubMed

General Stability

EC Number General Stability Organism
2.4.1.175 ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-trisacryl inactivates Bos taurus
2.4.1.175 rapid thermodenaturation Bos taurus
2.4.1.175 unstable upon purification Bos taurus

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
2.4.1.174 microsome
-
 Bos taurus
-
-
2.4.1.175 microsome
-
 Bos taurus
-
-

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
2.4.1.174 Mn2+ requirement Bos taurus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
2.4.1.174 UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + glucuronylgalactosyl glycosides Bos taurus involved in chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis: transfer of the first N-acetylgalactosamine residue UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminylglucuronylgalactosyl glycosides
-
 ?
2.4.1.174 UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + glucuronylgalactosyl glycosides Bos taurus involved in the biosynthesis of chodroitin sulfate. Key enzyme activity for the initiation of chondroitin and dermatan sulfates, transferring GalNAc to the GlcA-Gal-Gal-Xyl-Ser core. UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminylglucuronylgalactosyl glycosides
-
 ?
2.4.1.175 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + chondroitin oligosaccharide Bos taurus involved in chondroitin biosynthesis UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl chondroitin oligosaccharide
-
 ?
2.4.1.175 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + chondroitin sulfate oligosaccharide Bos taurus involved in chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis: elongation of growing chondroitin sulfate chain UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl chondroitin sulfate oligosaccharide
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
2.4.1.174 Bos taurus
-
 calf
-
2.4.1.175 Bos taurus
-
 calf
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
2.4.1.174 partially solubilized with a buffer containing 2% Triton X-100, 20% glycerol and phospholipase A2 Bos taurus
2.4.1.175 partially solubilized with a buffer containing 2% Triton X-100, 20% glycerol and phospholipase A2 Bos taurus

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
2.4.1.174 aorta thoracica
-
 Bos taurus
-
2.4.1.175 aorta thoracica
-
 Bos taurus
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
2.4.1.174 additional information
-
 13.1 cpm/min/mg protein Bos taurus
2.4.1.175 additional information
-
 34.6 cpm/min/mg protein Bos taurus

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2.4.1.174 UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + beta-D-glucuronyl-1,3-beta-D-galactose minimum requirement for acceptor structure Bos taurus UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-1,4-beta-D-glucuronyl-1,3-beta-D-galactose
-
 ?
2.4.1.174 UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + beta-D-glucuronyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosyl-1,3-beta-D-galactose best substrate Bos taurus UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,4-beta-D-glucuronyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosyl-1,3-beta-D-galactose
-
 ?
2.4.1.174 UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + beta-D-glucuronyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-beta-D-glucose
-
 Bos taurus UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-1,4-beta-D-glucuronyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-beta-D-glucose
-
 ?
2.4.1.174 UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + glucuronylgalactosyl glycosides acceptors are tri- or disaccharides with terminal glucuronyl residue and a galactosyl residue in penultimate position, transfers acetylgalactosamine in beta-linkage, no substrates are glucuronic acid or disaccharides with terminal galactosyl residues Bos taurus UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,4-beta-D-glucuronylgalactosyl glycosides
-
 ?
2.4.1.174 UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + glucuronylgalactosyl glycosides involved in chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis: transfer of the first N-acetylgalactosamine residue Bos taurus UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminylglucuronylgalactosyl glycosides
-
 ?
2.4.1.174 UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + glucuronylgalactosyl glycosides involved in the biosynthesis of chodroitin sulfate. Key enzyme activity for the initiation of chondroitin and dermatan sulfates, transferring GalNAc to the GlcA-Gal-Gal-Xyl-Ser core. Bos taurus UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminylglucuronylgalactosyl glycosides
-
 ?
2.4.1.175 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + (glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate)4 i.e. chondroitin sulfate octasaccharide, glycosylated at 32% the rate of chondroitin octasaccharide Bos taurus UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-1,4-glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosamine)3
-
 ?
2.4.1.175 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + (glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosamine)2 i.e. chondroitin tetrasaccharide, glycosylated at 40% the rate of decamer glycosylation Bos taurus UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-1,4-glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosaminyl-glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosamine
-
 ?
2.4.1.175 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + (glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosamine)3 i.e. chondroitin hexasaccharide, glycosylated at 60% the rate of decamer glycosylation Bos taurus UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-1,4-glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosamine)2
-
 ?
2.4.1.175 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + (glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosamine)4 i.e. chondroitin octasaccharide, glycosylated at 75% the rate of decamer glycosylation Bos taurus UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-1,4-glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosamine)3
-
 ?
2.4.1.175 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + (glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosamine)5 i.e. chondroitin decasaccharide, best substrate Bos taurus UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-1,4-glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosamine)4
-
 ?
2.4.1.175 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + (glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosamine)6 i.e. chondroitin dodecasaccharide, glycosylated at about 60% the rate of decamer glycosylation Bos taurus UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-1,4-glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosamine)5
-
 ?
2.4.1.175 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + (glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosamine)7 i.e. chondroitin tetradecasaccharide, glycosylated at about 45% the rate of decamer glycosylation Bos taurus UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-1,4-glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosamine)6
-
 ?
2.4.1.175 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + (glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosamine)8 i.e. chondroitin hexadecasaccharide, glycosylated at 15% the rate of decamer glycosylation Bos taurus UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-1,4-glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosamine)7
-
 ?
2.4.1.175 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + (glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-glucosamine)4 i.e. hyaluronate octasaccharide, glycosylated at 25% the rate of chondroitin octasaccharide Bos taurus UDP + ?
-
 ?
2.4.1.175 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + chondroitin oligosaccharide involved in chondroitin biosynthesis Bos taurus UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl chondroitin oligosaccharide
-
 ?
2.4.1.175 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + chondroitin sulfate oligosaccharide involved in chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis: elongation of growing chondroitin sulfate chain Bos taurus UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl chondroitin sulfate oligosaccharide
-
 ?
2.4.1.175 UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + chondroitin oligosaccharide no substrates are glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-galactosamine or glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosaminyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosaminyl-N-acetyl-galactosaminol Bos taurus UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl chondroitin oligosaccharide
-
 ?
2.4.1.175 UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + chondroitin oligosaccharide acceptors are even-numbered chondroitin oligosaccharides with terminal glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosamine sequence at non-reducing end, transfers N-acetyl-galactosamine to non-reducing glucuronic acid residues in beta-glycosidic linkage Bos taurus UDP + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl chondroitin oligosaccharide
-
 ?

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
2.4.1.174 30
-
 assay at Bos taurus
2.4.1.175 30
-
 assay at Bos taurus

Temperature Stability [°C]

EC Number Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
2.4.1.174 50
-
 1 h, 10% loss of activity Bos taurus
2.4.1.175 50
-
 t1/2: 5 min, 90% loss of activity within 20 min Bos taurus

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
2.4.1.174 6.4
-
-
 Bos taurus
2.4.1.175 7.4
-
-
 Bos taurus